Fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermentation bed padding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer fermentation, and provides a fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermentation bed padding, the fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a movable scarifying unit and a fermentation control unit, the fermentation tank extends in the longitudinal direction and comprises a vertical side wall and a semicircular bottom, and longitudinal guide rails are arranged on the two sides of an upper opening of the fermentation tank; the movable scarifying unit comprises a rack moving forwards along the longitudinal guide rail, and a scarifying working head extending into the fermentation tank is arranged at the bottom of the rack; the fermentation control unit controls the movable scarifying unit to move along the longitudinal guide rail and scarifies the fermentation raw materials in the fermentation tank through the scarifying working head in the moving process. According to the fermentation device provided by the invention, the single fermentation treatment capacity of the fermentation tank is large, the fermentation tank is convenient to put and take out, the movable scarifying unit can be used for treating plant stems which are just put into a fermentation bed and contain larger volume of plant stems, and also can be used for deeply homogenizing and scarifying fermentation raw materials which are fermented for a period of time, so that the fermentation quality is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer fermentation, and in particular provides a fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material. Background Art

[0002] Compared with inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers can prevent soil compaction, facilitate plant growth, and have a better soil improvement effect, and are increasingly being used and recognized by people. Using fermented mattress materials as fermentation raw materials to make organic fertilizers, and using a large amount of feces, sewage, and trampled food produced during the breeding process as raw materials, can not only reduce pollution during the breeding process and realize the resource utilization of feces and sewage, but also produce high-quality organic fertilizers. It has been increasingly widely used in the animal husbandry industry and has a great market prospect.

[0003] At present, organic fertilizer production sites mostly use a horizontally placed circular fermentation tank to carry out the fermentation treatment of the fermentation mattress material, and the fermentation tank is rotated and installed on a bracket. This fermentation tank is generally formed by rolling a thin steel plate to weld, which is difficult to manufacture and has high cost. The end is provided with a raw material delivery port. The capacity of the raw materials contained in a single fermentation tank is limited, and the input operation of the raw materials is inconvenient. During the fermentation process, the fermentation raw materials are loosened and mixed by rotating the circular fermentation tank, and the power of the rotating equipment required to be invested is large. The fermentation raw materials of different radius from the rotation center are difficult to be effectively mixed. The fermentation raw materials close to the tank wall are difficult to remove from the high tank wall, and there are problems such as uneven fermentation. Moreover, during the rotating mixing process, this circular fermentation tank cannot cut and refine the fermentation raw materials, and it is difficult to process the fermentation raw materials containing large-volume plant stems. At the same time, it is impossible to evenly apply ingredients to the internal fermentation raw materials, which is not suitable for large-volume fermentation mattress material processing, and the quality of the manufactured organic fertilizer is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material, which is suitable for processing a large volume of fermented mattress material at a time, reduces the difficulty of loosening the fermented raw materials during the fermentation process, improves the uniformity of loosening and mixing, and improves the fermentation quality and efficiency of the organic fertilizer.

[0005] The present invention provides a fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermentation mattress material, comprising a fermentation tank, a mobile loosening unit and a fermentation control unit. The fermentation tank extends longitudinally, comprises vertical side walls and a semicircular bottom, and longitudinal guide rails are arranged on both sides of the upper opening of the fermentation tank; the mobile loosening unit comprises a frame slidably arranged on the longitudinal guide rail and driven forward by a travel mechanism, and a loosening working head extending into the fermentation tank and adapted to the shape of the semicircular bottom is arranged at the bottom of the frame; the fermentation control unit is control-connected with the mobile loosening unit, and is configured to control the mobile loosening unit to move along the longitudinal guide rail, and loosen the fermented raw materials in the fermentation tank through the loosening working head during the movement.

[0006] Furthermore, a central axis extending longitudinally and arranged concentrically with the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank is provided at the bottom of the frame, a rotating mechanism drivingly connected to the central axis is provided on the frame, and a cutting wheel, a flip wheel and a crushing wheel are sequentially provided along the longitudinal direction on the outside of the central axis, and the outer diameters of the cutting wheel, flip wheel and crushing wheel are adapted to the inner diameter of the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the cutting wheel includes cutting teeth evenly distributed on the front of the central axis, the flip wheel includes multiple rows of flip blades evenly distributed on the middle of the central axis, and each row of flip blades is arranged along a spiral direction. The crushing wheel includes crushing teeth evenly distributed on the rear of the central axis, the cutting teeth and the front end of the flip blade extend in the same direction, and the crushing teeth and the rear end of the flip wheel extend at the same angle.

[0008] Furthermore, the cutting teeth include multiple rows arranged in a spiral direction along the central axis, and each row of flip blades is arranged on the rear side of the cutting teeth with the same extension angle. The gap between adjacent cutting teeth gradually decreases from front to back along the axial direction, and each cutting tooth is provided with a cutting edge.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing wheel includes multiple rows arranged in a circumferential array, and the number of crushing tooth rows is at least twice the number of cutting tooth / flip blade rows, wherein a portion of the crushing teeth extends in the same direction as the rear end of the flip blade, and another portion of the crushing teeth is arranged between the rear ends of adjacent flip blades.

[0010] Furthermore, the mobile loosening unit also includes a semicircular guide plate arranged at the bottom of the frame, the semicircular guide plate includes a straight tube section and a bell-mouth section, the straight tube section is arranged above the flip wheel and the crushing wheel and the inner diameter is adapted to the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank, and the bell-mouth section is arranged above the cutting wheel and the inner diameter gradually increases from back to front.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame is located above the crushing wheel and is provided with a plurality of ingredient adding buckets at intervals along the axial direction. The mobile loosening unit also includes a ingredient adding pump group arranged on the frame. The ingredient adding pump group includes a plurality of ingredient adding pumps arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The input end of each ingredient adding pump is connected to an independent ingredient adding bucket, and the output end is connected to different positions on the top of the semicircular arc plate through an ingredient conveying pipe arranged at intervals along the axial direction. A rotating mechanism with the ingredient adding pump group is provided on the frame. Different additive materials are placed in each ingredient adding bucket to realize independent and synchronous addition of each additive material.

[0012] Furthermore, the mobile loosening unit also includes a leveling and compacting mechanism connected to the rear side of the bottom of the frame through a connecting rod, the leveling and compacting mechanism includes a leveling frame adapted to the width of the fermentation tank, the front side of the bottom of the leveling frame is provided with rake teeth arranged in a transverse array and extending downward, the rear side of the bottom is provided with compacting wheels arranged in an array along the width direction of the fermentation tank, and a high-frequency vibrator is connected to the top of the leveling frame to apply high-frequency vibration force to the leveling frame.

[0013] Furthermore, a semicircular hollow structure extending along the tank wall is provided at the bottom of the fermentation tank, the interior of the semicircular hollow structure is filled with heat transfer liquid, the bottom heating pipe passes through the hollow structure in the longitudinal direction and is immersed in the heat transfer liquid, and a bottom temperature sensor is provided at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and the fermentation control unit receives and controls the heating temperature of the bottom heating pipe according to the temperature value detected by the bottom temperature sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper opening of the fermentation tank is provided with a plurality of openable and closable upper covers in an array along the length direction of the fermentation tank, a top heating tube is provided at the bottom of the upper cover, a top temperature sensor is provided near the upper opening of the fermentation tank, and the fermentation control unit receives and controls the heating temperature of the top heating tube according to the temperature value detected by the top temperature sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, a rack parallel to the longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the outer side of the upper opening of the fermentation tank, the travel mechanism includes a gear arranged on the frame and connected to the travel motor drive, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the fermentation control unit is control-connected to the travel mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper cover is hinged on the outer side of the longitudinal guide rail, and the fermentation tank is provided with an opening and closing drive mechanism driven by the upper cover. The fermentation control unit receives and controls the movement of the opening and closing drive mechanism according to the moving position of the mobile loosening unit above the fermentation tank, so as to open the upper cover only when the mobile loosening unit passes by.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical advantages of the fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material are at least reflected in the following aspects: 1. By setting a fermentation tank with a semicircular bottom and extending longitudinally, a large volume of fermentation raw materials can be contained and fermented, and the fermentation raw materials are convenient to put in and the prepared organic fertilizer is convenient to take out. The loosening working head of the mobile loosening unit is adapted to the semicircular bottom shape of the fermentation tank. When the fermentation raw materials are just put into the fermentation tank or during the fermentation process, the fermentation raw materials are loosened by the loosening working head. The loosening depth is large and uniform, and there is no corner position that cannot be loosened, which is conducive to the uniform fermentation of the bedding, improves the quality and efficiency of the prepared organic fertilizer, and is suitable for use in large-scale breeding farms and farms; 2. The loosening head is equipped with a cutting wheel, a turning wheel and a crushing wheel whose outer diameter matches the shape of the semicircular bottom. It is driven by a rotating mechanism to rotate at high speed to cut, turn and crush the fermentation raw materials in the fermentation tank. It can not only process the plant stems with large volume in the mattress just put into the fermentation bed to obtain the fermentation raw materials with fine and uniform particles, so as to improve the fermentation efficiency, but also can perform homogenization and loosening treatment at different depths of the fermentation raw materials after fermentation for a period of time to improve the fermentation quality. 3. By arranging mutually independent ingredient adding buckets, ingredient adding pump groups and ingredient conveying pipes above the rotating working head, while the fermentation raw materials are cut, turned over and crushed, different additives in each ingredient adding bucket are added to different positions on the surface of the fermentation material through independent ingredient adding pumps. As the turning wheel and the crushing wheel drive the fermentation raw materials to rotate at high speed, they penetrate into different depths in the fermentation tank, and each additive is added independently and synchronously, avoiding the mixing of different ingredients between the fermentation ingredients and reducing the effect; 4. By setting an arc-shaped hollow structure at the bottom of the fermentation tank, filling the hollow structure with heat transfer liquid, arranging a bottom heating pipe, and monitoring and controlling the temperature of the bottom heating pipe through a bottom temperature sensor, the fermentation tank has a heating and heat preservation function with precise temperature control, creating a high and low suitable and constant temperature environment for the fermentation of fermentation raw materials, so as to achieve an efficient and uniform stabilization effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the provided fermentation device (only a partial length of the tank body is shown); Figure 2 is a top view of a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fermentation device; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a provided fermentation tank (showing only a portion of the length of the tank); Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a mobile loosening unit; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A; Figure 6 is a side view of a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a mobile loosening unit; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile loosening unit in an exploded state; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a semicircular arc guide plate; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a loosening working head; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point C; Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the leveling and compacting mechanism.

[0020] The attached drawings show: 1-fermentation tank, 11-longitudinal guide rail, 12-semicircular hollow structure, 13-bottom heating pipe; 2-frame, 21-rotating mechanism, 22-transmission belt; 3- loosening working head, 31- center axis, 32- cutting wheel, 33- turning wheel, 34- crushing wheel, 35- gap; 4-semicircular guide plate, 41-batch conveying pipe; 51-batch adding hopper, 52-batch adding pump group; 6-leveling and compacting mechanism, 61-leveling frame, 62-rake teeth, 63-compacting wheel, 64-high frequency vibrator, 65-connecting rod; 7-Upper cover.

[0021] It should be understood that the size of each part shown in the accompanying drawings is not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the fermentation production process of organic fertilizer, the prior art uses a horizontally placed circular fermentation tank to ferment the fermentation mattress material. The raw material capacity of a single fermentation tank is limited, and the operation of putting in the raw materials is inconvenient. During the fermentation process, the fermentation raw materials are loosened and mixed by rotating the circular fermentation tank. Fermentation raw materials at different radii from the rotation center are difficult to mix effectively, and it is difficult to remove the fermentation raw materials adhering to the high tank wall. Moreover, during the rotation and mixing process, the fermentation raw materials cannot be cut and refined, and it is difficult to process fermentation raw materials containing large-volume plant stems. At the same time, it is impossible to evenly apply ingredients to the internal fermentation raw materials. It is not suitable for processing large-volume fermentation mattress materials, and the quality of the manufactured organic fertilizer is poor.

[0023] To this end, the present invention provides a fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermentation mattress material, comprising a fermentation tank, a mobile loosening unit and a fermentation control unit. The fermentation tank is provided with a semicircular bottom extending longitudinally, and longitudinal guide rails are provided on both sides of the upper opening of the fermentation tank; the mobile loosening unit comprises a frame slidably arranged on the longitudinal guide rail and driven forward by a travel mechanism, and a loosening working head extending into the fermentation tank and adapted to the shape of the semicircular bottom is provided at the bottom of the frame; the fermentation control unit is control-connected with the mobile loosening unit, and is configured to control the mobile loosening unit to move along the longitudinal guide rail, and loosen the fermented raw materials in the fermentation tank through the loosening working head during the movement.

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0025] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermentation mattress material provided by the present invention comprises a fermentation tank 1, a mobile loosening unit and a fermentation control unit. The fermentation tank 1 extends longitudinally and is provided with a semicircular bottom, and longitudinal guide rails 11 are provided on both sides of the upper opening of the fermentation tank 1; the mobile loosening unit comprises a frame 2 slidably arranged on the longitudinal guide rail 11 and driven forward by a travel mechanism, and a loosening work head 3 extending into the fermentation tank 1 and adapted to the shape of the semicircular bottom is provided at the bottom of the frame 2; the fermentation control unit is control-connected with the mobile loosening unit, and is configured to control the mobile loosening unit to move along the longitudinal guide rail 11, and loosen the fermented raw materials in the fermentation tank 1 through the loosening work head 3 during the movement.

[0026] During the implementation process, the fermentation tank 1 can be a prefabricated concrete structure, buried underground, with the groove slightly higher than the ground. The length of the fermentation tank can be designed as needed, ranging from a dozen meters to several dozen meters, which can meet a larger fermentation capacity. Multiple fermentation tanks can also be arranged side by side as needed to meet large-capacity fermentation raw materials, with low manufacturing difficulty and low cost.

[0027] In order to realize the transportation and movement of the mobile loosening unit along the fermentation tank, a rack parallel to the longitudinal guide rail is arranged on the outer side of the upper opening of the fermentation tank 1, and the travel mechanism includes a gear arranged on the frame 2 and connected to the travel motor drive, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the fermentation control unit is control-connected to the travel mechanism.

[0028] Based on the above embodiment, the fermentation tank 1 extends longitudinally and has a semicircular bottom. It can hold and ferment a large volume of fermentation raw materials, and can conveniently put in the fermentation raw materials and take out the prepared organic fertilizer. The mobile loosening unit is provided with a loosening working head 3 adapted to the shape of the semicircular bottom. The fermentation raw materials are loosened during the movement. The loosening depth is large and uniform. There are no corners that cannot be loosened, which is conducive to the thorough fermentation of the bedding, improves the quality and efficiency of the prepared organic fertilizer, and is suitable for use in large-scale breeding farms and farms.

[0029] Embodiment 2 like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment optimizes the structure of the mobile loosening unit and the loosening work head. Specifically, the bottom of the frame 2 is provided with a central axis 31 extending in the longitudinal direction and arranged concentrically with the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank 1, and the frame 2 is provided with a rotating mechanism 21 drivingly connected to the central axis 31 through a transmission belt 22, and the loosening work head includes a central axis and a cutting wheel 32, a turning wheel 33 and a crushing wheel 34 arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction outside the central axis 31, and the outer diameters of the cutting wheel 32, the turning wheel 33 and the crushing wheel 34 are adapted to the inner diameter of the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank 1.

[0030] During the movement of the mobile loosening unit, the rotating mechanism 21 drives the loosening working head to rotate, and the high-speed rotating cutting wheel 32, turning wheel 33 and crushing wheel 34 successively cut, turn and crush the fermentation raw materials contained in the fermentation tank. It can not only process the fermentation mattress material containing large plant stems just put into the fermentation tank to obtain fine and uniform fermentation raw materials, so as to improve the fermentation efficiency, but also perform depth homogenization and loosening treatment on the fermentation raw materials at different positions after fermentation in the fermentation tank for a period of time, so as to improve the fermentation quality.

[0031] like Figure 4 , Fig. 9and Fig.10 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the cutting wheel 32 includes cutting teeth uniformly distributed on the front of the central axis 31, the turning wheel 33 includes multiple rows of turning blades uniformly distributed on the middle of the central axis 31, and each row of turning blades is arranged along a spiral direction, and the crushing wheel 34 includes crushing teeth uniformly distributed on the rear of the central axis 31, and the front end of the cutting teeth and the turning blades extend in the same direction, and the crushing teeth extend at the same angle as the rear end of the turning wheel 33. Through this structure, during high-speed rotation, the cutting teeth cut the fermentation raw materials, the turning blades turn up and down, and the crushing teeth break them into pieces, and the fermentation passes through the cutting wheel 32, the turning wheel 33, and the crushing wheel 34 in sequence, and the process is smooth, avoiding blockage and accumulation problems.

[0032] Furthermore, the cutting teeth include multiple rows arranged in a spiral direction along the central axis 31, and each row of flip blades is arranged on the rear side of the cutting teeth with the same extension angle. The gap 35 between adjacent cutting teeth gradually decreases from front to back along the axial direction. Each cutting tooth is provided with a cutting edge, which is connected front and back and has the same extension angle, which is beneficial for the flipping process to take over the cutting process and avoid internal blockage problems during the processing process.

[0033] Furthermore, the crushing wheel 34 includes multiple rows arranged in a circumferential array, and the number of rows of crushing teeth is at least twice the number of rows of cutting teeth / flip blades, wherein a portion of the crushing teeth extend in the same direction as the rear end of the flip blade, and another portion of the crushing teeth are arranged between the rear ends of adjacent flip blades. As the number of rows of crushing teeth increases, the number of times the fermentation raw materials are struck and refined increases at the same speed, which is beneficial to the refinement of the fermentation raw materials.

[0034] Embodiment 3 On the basis of the second embodiment, the structure of the mobile loosening unit is further optimized, and the functions of ingredient adding and leveling and compacting are provided.

[0035] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, specifically, the mobile loosening unit also includes a semicircular guide plate 4 arranged at the bottom of the frame 2, and the semicircular guide plate 4 includes a straight section and a bell-mouth section. The straight section is arranged above the turning wheel 33 and the crushing wheel 34, and the inner diameter is adapted to the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank 1, and the bell-mouth section is arranged above the cutting wheel 32, and the inner diameter gradually increases from back to front. The semicircular shape of the bottom cooperates with the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank 1 to form a circular inner cavity structure surrounding the periphery of the loosening work head. During the high-speed rotation of the loosening work head, it can prevent the fermentation raw materials from splashing outward in the above process and failing to effectively complete the cutting, turning and thinning processes, thereby improving the loosening quality.

[0036] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the frame 2 is located above the crushing wheel 34 and is provided with a plurality of ingredient adding hoppers 51 at intervals along the axial direction. The mobile loosening unit also includes an ingredient adding pump group 52 provided on the frame 2. The ingredient adding pump group 52 includes a plurality of ingredient adding pumps arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The input end of each ingredient adding pump is connected to an independent ingredient adding hopper 51, and the output end is connected to the top of the semicircular arc plate through an axially spaced ingredient conveying pipe 41. A rotating mechanism 21 with the ingredient adding pump group 52 is provided on the frame 2.

[0037] By arranging independent ingredient adding buckets, ingredient adding pump groups and ingredient conveying pipes above the rotating working head, after the fermentation raw materials are cut and turned over, and during the turning and crushing process through the crushing wheel, different additives in each ingredient adding bucket are added to different positions on the surface of the fermentation material through independent ingredient adding pumps, so that the added raw materials penetrate into different depths in the fermentation tank as the fermentation raw materials rotate at high speed driven by the crushing wheel, thereby realizing independent and synchronous addition of various additives, avoiding mutual mixing of different ingredients between the fermentation ingredients and reducing the effect, and realizing uniform addition at different depths.

[0038] like Figure 4 and 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the mobile loosening unit also includes a leveling and compacting mechanism 6 connected to the bottom rear side of the frame 2 through a connecting rod 65, the leveling and compacting mechanism 6 includes a leveling frame 61 adapted to the width of the fermentation tank 1, the bottom front side of the leveling frame 61 is provided with rake teeth 62 arranged in a transverse array and extending downward, and the bottom rear side is provided with compacting wheels 63 arranged in an array along the width direction of the fermentation tank 1, and the top of the leveling frame 61 is connected to a high-frequency vibrator 64 to apply high-frequency vibration force to the leveling frame 61.

[0039] When the mobile loosening unit moves along the fermentation tank 1, the rake teeth 62 level the fermentation raw materials after turning and thinning, and the compacting wheel 63 compacts them. At the same time, the high-frequency vibrator 64 performs high-frequency vibration to avoid the phenomenon that the middle part of the surface of the fermentation raw materials bulges and the surface is too fluffy, which is beneficial to keep the dryness and wetness of the surface of the fermentation raw materials the same and avoid the evaporation of internal water, thereby improving the fermentation effect.

[0040] Embodiment 4 like Figure 3As shown, on the basis of the above embodiments, by setting an arc-shaped hollow structure at the bottom of the fermentation tank, filling the hollow structure with heat transfer liquid, and arranging a bottom heating pipe, the fermentation tank has a heating and heat preservation function, creating a suitable and constant temperature environment for the fermentation of the fermentation raw materials, so as to achieve an efficient and uniform stabilization effect. Specifically, the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a semi-circular hollow structure 12 extending along the tank wall, the semi-circular hollow structure 12 is filled with heat transfer liquid, the bottom heating pipe 13 passes through the hollow structure in the longitudinal direction and is immersed in the heat transfer liquid, the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a bottom temperature sensor, and the fermentation control unit receives and controls the heating temperature of the bottom heating pipe 13 according to the temperature value detected by the bottom temperature sensor.

[0041] Furthermore, the upper opening of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a plurality of openable and closable upper covers 7 in an array along the length direction of the fermentation tank 1, a top heating pipe is provided at the bottom of the upper cover 7, a top temperature sensor is provided near the upper opening of the fermentation tank 1, and the fermentation control unit receives and controls the heating temperature of the top heating pipe according to the temperature value detected by the top temperature sensor.

[0042] In some embodiments, the upper cover 7 is hinged on the outside of the longitudinal guide rail 11, and the fermentation tank 1 is provided with an opening and closing driving mechanism drivingly connected to the upper cover 7. The fermentation control unit receives and controls the movement of the opening and closing driving mechanism according to the moving position of the mobile loosening unit above the fermentation tank 1, so as to open the upper cover 7 only when the mobile loosening unit passes by. Through the above structure, the upper cover 7 can be automatically opened and closed during the mobile loosening process, thereby improving the degree of automation of the process.

[0043] Based on the fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermentation mattress material provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, the fermentation tank 1 can contain and ferment fermentation raw materials such as large-capacity fermentation mattress material, and it is convenient to put in and take out. When the fermentation raw materials are just put into the fermentation tank 1 or during the fermentation process, the fermentation raw materials are loosened by moving the loosening working head 3 forward, and the fermentation raw materials contained in the fermentation tank 1 are cut, turned over and crushed. It can not only process the newly put in plant stems containing large volumes, but also can homogenize and loosen the fermentation raw materials at different positions after fermentation for a period of time. The loosening depth is large and uniform. Ingredients are added to different positions on the surface of the fermentation material through an independent ingredient adding pump. As the turning wheel 33 and the crushing wheel 34 drive the fermentation raw materials to rotate at high speed, they penetrate into different depths in the fermentation tank 1, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of the prepared organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer is suitable for use in organic fertilizer production fields, breeding farms and farms, and has broad application prospects.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments have been modified, or some of the technical features therein have been replaced by equivalents, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material, characterized in that: include: A fermentation tank (1) extending in the longitudinal direction, comprising vertical side walls and a semicircular bottom, wherein longitudinal guide rails (11) are arranged on both sides of the upper opening of the fermentation tank (1); A mobile loosening unit comprises a frame (2) slidably mounted on a longitudinal guide rail (11) and driven forward by a travel mechanism, wherein a loosening working head (3) extending into the fermentation tank (1) and adapted to the shape of the semicircular bottom is arranged at the bottom of the frame (2); and The fermentation control unit is connected to the mobile loosening unit and is configured to control the mobile loosening unit to move along the longitudinal guide rail (11) and to loosen the fermentation raw materials in the fermentation tank (1) through the loosening working head (3) during the movement.

2. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loosening working head comprises a central axis (31) and a cutting wheel (32), a turning wheel (33) and a crushing wheel (34) which are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction outside the central axis (31); the bottom of the frame (2) is provided with a central axis (31) which extends along the longitudinal direction and is arranged concentrically with the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank (1); the frame (2) is provided with a rotating mechanism (21) which is drivingly connected to the central axis (31); and the outer diameters of the cutting wheel (32), the turning wheel (33) and the crushing wheel (34) are adapted to the inner diameter of the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank (1).

3. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting wheel (32) comprises cutting teeth uniformly distributed on the front of the central axis (31), the turning wheel (33) comprises turning blades uniformly distributed on the middle of the central axis (31), each row of turning blades being arranged along a spiral direction, and the crushing wheel (34) comprises crushing teeth uniformly distributed on the rear of the central axis (31), the cutting teeth and the front end of the turning blades extending in the same direction, and the crushing teeth and the rear end of the turning wheel (33) extending at the same angle.

4. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting teeth include multiple rows arranged in a spiral direction along a central axis (31), and each row of flip blades is arranged at the rear side of the cutting teeth with the same extension angle, and the gap (35) between adjacent cutting teeth gradually decreases from front to back along the axial direction.

5. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing wheel (34) comprises a plurality of rows arranged in a circumferential array, and the number of crushing teeth rows is at least twice the number of cutting teeth / flip blade rows, wherein a portion of the crushing teeth extends in the same direction as the rear end of the flip blade, and another portion of the crushing teeth is arranged between the rear ends of adjacent flip blades.

6. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mobile loosening unit further comprises a semicircular guide plate (4) arranged at the bottom of the frame (2), the semicircular guide plate (4) comprising a straight section and a bell-mouth section, the straight section being arranged above the turning wheel (33) and the crushing wheel (34) and having an inner diameter adapted to the semicircular bottom of the fermentation tank (1), and the bell-mouth section being arranged above the cutting wheel (32) and having an inner diameter gradually increasing from the back to the front.

7. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The frame (2) is located above the crushing wheel (34) and is provided with a plurality of batching hoppers (51) at intervals along the axial direction. The mobile loosening unit further comprises a batching pump group (52) provided on the frame (2). The batching pump group (52) comprises a plurality of batching pumps arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The input end of each batching pump is connected to an independent batching hopper (51), and the output end is connected to different positions on the top of the semicircular plate through a batching conveying pipe (41) arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The frame (2) is provided with a rotating mechanism (21) connected to the batching pump group (52). Different additive materials are placed in each batching hopper to achieve independent and synchronous addition of each additive material.

8. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mobile loosening unit further comprises a leveling and compacting mechanism (6) connected to the rear side of the bottom of the frame (2) via a connecting rod (65), the leveling and compacting mechanism (6) comprising a leveling frame (61) adapted to the width of the fermentation tank (1), the front side of the bottom of the leveling frame (61) being provided with rake teeth (62) arranged in a transverse array and extending downward, the rear side of the bottom being provided with compacting wheels (63) arranged in an array along the width direction of the fermentation tank (1), the top of the leveling frame (61) being connected with a high-frequency vibrator (64) to apply a high-frequency vibration force to the leveling frame (61).

9. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a semicircular hollow structure (12) extending along the tank wall, the interior of the semicircular hollow structure (12) is filled with heat transfer liquid, a bottom heating pipe (13) passes through the hollow structure in the longitudinal direction and is immersed in the heat transfer liquid, a bottom temperature sensor is provided at the bottom of the fermentation tank (1), and the fermentation control unit receives and controls the heating temperature of the bottom heating pipe (13) according to the temperature value detected by the bottom temperature sensor.

10. The fermentation device for preparing organic fertilizer for crop planting based on fermented mattress material according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The upper opening of the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a plurality of openable and closable upper covers (7) arranged in an array along the length direction of the fermentation tank (1), a top heating pipe is provided at the bottom of the upper cover (7), a top temperature sensor is provided near the upper opening of the fermentation tank (1), and the fermentation control unit receives and controls the heating temperature of the top heating pipe according to the temperature value detected by the top temperature sensor.

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