Rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular to a kind of rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of bone mud, 10-20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of red thick shell extract, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, and 20-30 parts of water; the preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is: nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid, and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water, reflux reaction, and purified to obtain modified nano-hydroxyapatite. The rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention not only makes full use of rabbit processing byproduct resources, realizes the recycling and environmental value of resources, but also can significantly improve the utilization rate of phosphorus element by crops, thereby increasing crop yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural development, fertilizer is a key factor in improving soil fertility and promoting the growth of agricultural products. Its type and quality are directly related to crop yield and quality. While traditional chemical fertilizers can significantly increase agricultural yields in the short term, long-term excessive use can lead to soil damage, environmental pollution, and reduced agricultural product quality. Therefore, the development of efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable bio-organic fertilizers has become a research hotspot in the agricultural field.

[0003] Rabbit processing byproducts, such as rabbit bones, are common waste products in the meat processing industry. They are rich in organic matter, protein, and key minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. If effectively utilized, they can not only solve waste disposal problems but also be converted into valuable agricultural resources. However, if these byproducts are applied directly to farmland without treatment, they may be affected by slow decomposition and uneven nutrient release, affecting their effectiveness and even negatively impacting the soil environment. Therefore, through scientific processing, these rabbit processing byproducts can be converted into high-efficiency bio-organic fertilizers, which not only solves the waste disposal problem but also achieves resource recycling and promotes sustainable agricultural development.

[0004] The selection and proportioning of raw materials are crucial in the preparation of bio-organic fertilizers. Fertilizers made from a single raw material often fail to meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of crops and suffer from issues such as slow nutrient release and low nutrient utilization efficiency. Therefore, the key to bio-organic fertilizer research and development is to optimally combine raw materials to improve fertilizer nutrient content and utilization efficiency.

[0005] Based on the above background, the present invention provides a rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, which has rich nutrients, can improve soil fertility, and thus improve the quality and yield of agricultural products.

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer.

[0008] The first object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of bone mud, 10-20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of red sclerotium extract, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, and 20-30 parts of water;

[0010] The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps: adding nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan into a mixed solution of ethanol and water, performing a reflux reaction, and purifying the mixture to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:3-5:4-8.

[0012] Preferably, the heating reaction time is 3-5 hours.

[0013] Preferably, in the mixed solution of ethanol and water, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1-2:1.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the red scutellaria extract is: drying and crushing the stems and leaves of the red scutellaria to obtain red scutellaria stem and leaf powder; adding the red scutellaria stem and leaf powder to an ethanol solution, reflux extraction, collecting the extract and concentrating and drying it to obtain the red scutellaria extract.

[0015] Preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the red thick shell stem and leaf powder to the ethanol solution is 1g: (10-20)mL; the concentration of the ethanol solution is 60-70%; and the reflux extraction time is 2-4h.

[0016] Preferably, the microbial agent is obtained by mixing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1-3:1.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the microbial agent is: separately culture Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis, ferment them into microbial liquids, culture them until the bacterial concentration reaches OD600=1, separate and remove solid impurities, spray dry, and mix the bacterial powders.

[0018] Preferably, the bone paste is prepared as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -25 to -18°C for 8-12 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0019] Humic acid, a natural organic matter, can significantly improve soil structure and enhance its ability to retain water and fertilizer. Wheat bran, a common agricultural waste, is rich in cellulose and various trace elements, making it an ideal choice for increasing the organic matter content of fertilizers. Rabbit bones, after proper processing, can be converted into bone paste rich in minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, providing comprehensive nutritional support for crop growth. The beneficial bacteria in microbial inoculants grow and multiply in the soil, congregating around crop roots to form dominant colonies, improving the environment around the crops and promoting their growth.

[0020] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0021] The method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportions, mixing a microbial agent with bone mud, wheat bran and water for fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; mixing humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and a red thick shell extract with the fermentation product to form granules, and drying the granules to obtain the obtained product.

[0022] Preferably, the fermentation time is 20-30 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 30-35°C.

[0023] The present invention has the following effects compared to the prior art:

[0024] 1. the present invention provides a kind of rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, adds the raw materials such as rabbit bone mud, modified nano hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract, can improve the utilization rate of crop to phosphorus element, improve crop yield. The present invention is modified to treat nano hydroxyapatite by introducing maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan, aims to improve its dispersibility and stability in soil, and simultaneously utilizes its surface functional group to enhance the adsorption capacity to phosphorus element, reduces the loss of phosphorus element in soil, improves the utilization rate of phosphorus element. Red thick shell extract contains the active ingredients such as rich polyphenol compounds, triterpenoid compounds, these ingredients have polyhydroxy structure, can be complexed with the trace elements in soil, form stable complex, thereby reducing the loss of trace elements (such as iron, zinc, copper etc.), improves the utilization efficiency of agricultural products to trace elements, and then promotes the quality and yield of crops.

[0025] 2. This invention utilizes the rich organic matter and trace elements of rabbit bone paste, combined with modified nanohydroxyapatite and red sclerotium shell extract, to create a bio-organic fertilizer that efficiently utilizes phosphorus, reduces phosphorus loss, promotes crop growth, and increases crop yields. This fertilizer not only fully utilizes rabbit processing byproduct resources, achieving resource recycling and environmental benefits, but also provides a sustainable, green fertilizer option for agricultural production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Specific conditions not specified in the examples are to be followed according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. All reagents or instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional products obtained from commercial channels.

[0027] Kocuria rosea, with a deposit number of CGMCC1.15046, was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center. Bacillus subtilis, with a deposit number of CGMCC1.3358, was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of wheat bran, 12 parts of bone mud, 15 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 8 parts of red sclerotium extract, 2 parts of microbial agent, and 25 parts of water;

[0030] The preparation method of modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows:

[0031] According to the mass ratio of nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan being 1:3-5:4-8, nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water with a volume ratio of 1.5:1, and reflux reaction is carried out for 3-5 hours; the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, filtered and the solid product is collected, then washed with water, and dried at 60°C for 5 hours to obtain the product.

[0032] The preparation method of the red caltrop extract is as follows: the stems and leaves of the red caltrop are dried and then crushed to obtain the red caltrop stem and leaf powder; according to the material-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL, the red caltrop stem and leaf powder is added to a 65% ethanol solution, reflux extraction is carried out for 3 hours, the extract is collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove ethanol and water, and spray dried to obtain the extract.

[0033] The preparation method of the microbial agent comprises: separately expanding and culturing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis, fermenting them into microbial liquids, culturing them to a bacterial concentration of OD600=1, separating and removing solid impurities, spray drying, and mixing the bacterial powders in the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain the agent.

[0034] The preparation method of bone mud is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing by-products are washed and drained, frozen at -20°C for 10 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0035] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, the steps are as follows:

[0036] The raw materials are weighed according to the weight proportions, the microbial agent is mixed with bone mud, wheat bran and water, and the mixture is fermented at 32° C. for 25 hours to obtain a fermentation product; humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract are mixed with the fermentation product to prepare granules, and the granules are dried at 35° C. to obtain the product.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of bone mud, 10 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5 parts of red sclerotium extract, 1 part of microbial agent, and 20 parts of water;

[0039] The preparation method of modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows:

[0040] According to the mass ratio of nanohydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan being 1:3:4, nanohydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water with a volume ratio of 1:1, and reflux reaction is carried out for 3 hours; the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, filtered and the solid product is collected, then washed with water and dried at 50°C for 6 hours to obtain the product.

[0041] The preparation method of the red caltrop extract is as follows: the stems and leaves of the red caltrop are dried and then crushed to obtain the red caltrop stem and leaf powder; according to the material-liquid ratio of 1g:10mL, the red caltrop stem and leaf powder is added to a 60% ethanol solution, reflux extraction is carried out for 2h, the extract is collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove ethanol and water, and spray dried to obtain the extract.

[0042] The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: Cockroachia rosea and Bacillus subtilis are cultured separately, fermented into microbial liquid, and cultured until the bacterial concentration is OD 600 =1, separate and remove solid impurities, spray dry, and mix the bacterial powder in the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain.

[0043] The preparation method of bone mud is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing by-products are washed and drained, frozen at -18°C for 12 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, the steps are as follows:

[0045] The raw materials are weighed according to the weight proportions, the microbial agent is mixed with bone mud, wheat bran and water, and the mixture is fermented at 30°C for 30 hours to obtain a fermentation product; humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract are mixed with the fermentation product to prepare granules, and the mixture is dried at 35°C to obtain the product.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of bone mud, 20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 10 parts of red sclerotium extract, 3 parts of microbial agent, and 30 parts of water;

[0048] The preparation method of modified nano-hydroxyapatite is as follows:

[0049] According to the mass ratio of nanohydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan being 1:5:8, nanohydroxyapatite, maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan are added to a mixed solution of ethanol and water with a volume ratio of 2:1, and reflux reaction is carried out for 5 hours; the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, filtered and the solid product is collected, then washed with water, and dried at 70°C for 4 hours to obtain the product.

[0050] The preparation method of the red caltrop extract is as follows: the stems and leaves of the red caltrop are dried and then crushed to obtain the red caltrop stem and leaf powder; according to the material-liquid ratio of 1g:20mL, the red caltrop stem and leaf powder is added to a 70% ethanol solution, reflux extraction is carried out for 2h, the extract is collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove ethanol and water, and spray dried to obtain the extract.

[0051] The preparation method of the microbial agent is as follows: Cockroachia rosea and Bacillus subtilis are cultured separately, fermented into microbial liquid, and cultured until the bacterial concentration is OD 600 =1, separate and remove solid impurities, spray dry, and mix the bacterial powder in the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain.

[0052] The preparation method of bone mud is as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing by-products are washed and drained, frozen at -25°C for 8 hours, and then taken out and crushed.

[0053] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, the steps are as follows:

[0054] The raw materials are weighed according to the weight proportions, the microbial agent is mixed with bone mud, wheat bran and water, and the mixture is fermented at 35° C. for 20 hours to obtain a fermentation product; humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract are mixed with the fermentation product to prepare granules, and the granules are dried at 35° C. to obtain the product.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is replaced by nano-hydroxyapatite; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is replaced by nano-hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl chitosan, which are directly added to the fertilizer; the amount of the nano-hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl chitosan is consistent with that in Example 1; and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the red scutellaria extract is omitted; the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0061] Test example

[0062] 1. Experimental Design

[0063] The fertilizer efficiency of the bio-organic fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested in a field experiment. The field experiment adopted a randomized block design with a total of 7 plots, each with an area of ​​30 m 2 The experiment set up 7 treatments: blank group, no fertilizer was applied; Example 1 group, according to 1000kg / hm 2 The amount of bio-organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1-3 was applied; for the comparative example 1-3 group, 1000 kg / hm 2 The biological organic fertilizer prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 was applied in an amount of 1-3; before the trial, 0-20 cm soil samples were collected from each plot using the 5-point method before rice planting, and the soil nutrient content, including total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and available phosphorus content, was determined after mixing. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066] 2. Test methods and test indicators

[0067] The experiment lasted three months, using rice (Yunjing 25) as the test crop. Fertilization was applied as a single application before tillage. Three days before harvest, five rice plants were randomly sampled from each plot for seed testing. Plant height, panicle number, and number of grains per panicle were measured. At harvest, grain and straw yields were measured for each plot, as well as total phosphorus content in the grain and straw. Sample analysis methods were based on the "Methods for Agrochemical Analysis of Soils." The results are shown in Table 2.

[0068] The calculation was performed according to the following formula: agronomic utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer = (grain yield in the fertilized area - grain yield in the blank area) / phosphorus content in the fertilized area; absorption utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer = (phosphorus absorption amount of rice in the fertilized area - phosphorus absorption amount of rice in the blank area) / phosphorus absorption amount of rice in the fertilized area; the results are shown in Table 3.

[0069] Table 2

[0070]

[0071] Table 3

[0072] Group Agronomic utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer (kg / kg) Phosphate fertilizer absorption and utilization rate (%) Example 1 group 13.58 23.54 Example 2 group 12.62 23.16 Example 3 group 13.16 23.03 Comparative Example 1 9.05 17.82 Comparative Example 2 10.19 18.73 Comparative Example 3 9.58 18.24

[0073] As can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3, compared to traditional organic fertilizer, the rabbit processing byproduct bio-organic fertilizer prepared by Examples 1-3 of the present invention can enhance the absorption and utilization rate of crops to phosphorus, and promote the yield of crops.Comparative Example 1 adopts nano-hydroxyapatite to replace modified nano-hydroxyapatite, and Comparative Example 2 adopts nano-hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl chitosan to replace modified nano-hydroxyapatite, and Comparative Example 3 eliminates the red thick shell extract in fertilizer formula. After three groups of fertilizer application, the utilization rate of phosphorus and crop yield are not as good as Examples 1-3. Trace it to its source, the present invention carries out modification treatment to nano-hydroxyapatite by introducing maleic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan, can improve its dispersibility and stability in soil, simultaneously utilizes its surface functional group to enhance the adsorption capacity to phosphorus, reduces the loss of phosphorus in soil.The utilization rate of phosphorus has been improved. The red thick shell extract contains rich active ingredients such as polyphenol compounds and triterpenoid compounds. These ingredients have a polyhydroxy structure and can chelate with trace elements in the soil to form stable complexes, thereby reducing the loss of trace elements (such as iron, zinc, copper, etc.), improving the utilization efficiency of trace elements in agricultural products, and thus improving the quality and yield of crops.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. The basic principles and main features of the present invention have been described above using specific implementation schemes. Modifications or substitutions may be made based on the present invention, but such modifications or substitutions do not detract from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of bone mud, 10-20 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 5-10 parts of red sclerotium shell extract, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, and 20-30 parts of water; The modified nano-hydroxyapatite is prepared by adding nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid, and carboxymethyl chitosan to a mixed solution of ethanol and water, subjecting the mixture to a reflux reaction, and purifying the mixture to obtain the modified nano-hydroxyapatite; the mass ratio of the nano-hydroxyapatite, maleic acid, and carboxymethyl chitosan is 1:3-5:4-8; The bone paste is prepared as follows: rabbit bones from rabbit processing byproducts are washed and drained, frozen at -25 to -18°C for 8-12 hours, and then taken out and crushed; The preparation method of the red scutellaria extract comprises the following steps: drying and crushing the stems and leaves of the red scutellaria to obtain red scutellaria stem and leaf powder; adding the red scutellaria stem and leaf powder into an ethanol solution, performing reflux extraction, collecting the extract, concentrating it, and drying it to obtain the red scutellaria extract.

2. The rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The reflux reaction time is 3-5 h; in the mixed solution of ethanol and water, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1-2:

1.

3. The rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The solid-liquid ratio of the red thick shell stem and leaf powder to the ethanol solution is 1 g: (10-20) mL; the concentration of the ethanol solution is 60-70%; and the reflux extraction time is 2-4 h.

4. The rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

5. The rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation method of the microbial agent comprises the following steps: respectively expanding and culturing Coxiella rosea and Bacillus subtilis, fermenting them into microbial liquids, culturing them until the bacterial concentration reaches OD600=1, separating and removing solid impurities, spray drying, and mixing the bacterial powders.

6. The method for preparing the rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The raw materials are weighed according to the weight proportions, and the microbial agent is mixed with bone mud, wheat bran and water for fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; humic acid, modified nano-hydroxyapatite and red thick shell extract are mixed with the fermentation product to prepare granules, and the granules are dried to obtain the product.

7. The method for preparing rabbit processing by-product bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermentation time is 20-30 hours, and the fermentation temperature is 30-35°C.

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