Visual plugging device and method for pile hole in string-bead karst cave

Abstract

The invention provides a visual plugging device for a pile hole at a bead-stringed karst cave, which belongs to the technical field of pile foundation karst cave treatment and comprises a steel casing, a karst cave scanning device, a thin-wall retainer and a shear nail mounting mechanism. The steel casing is mounted at a karst cave pile hole, and the karst cave scanning equipment is clamped at the top of the steel casing and used for scanning and recording the interior of a karst cave; the multiple thin-wall protection rings are installed in karst cave pile holes and used for covering different karst caves. The shear nail mounting mechanism is mounted at the bottom of the karst cave scanning equipment and used for fixing the thin-wall retainer in the karst cave. According to the method, the karst cave in the pile hole is scanned through the karst cave scanning equipment, the distribution condition of the karst cave is visualized, the corresponding thin-wall protection rings are designed and installed according to all layers of the karst cave, and concrete loss in the pile foundation concrete pouring process is prevented; and the shear nail mounting mechanism is used for pressing shear nails into the top, the bottom and the vertical edge overlapping part of the thin-wall retainer and the outlines of the karst caves for fixing, so that the thin-wall retainer is fixed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation karst cave treatment, and in particular to a visualized plugging device and method for pile holes in beaded karst caves. Background Art

[0002] Under the geological conditions of beaded caves, the caves in the pile holes need to be treated accordingly to prevent loss during concrete pouring. At present, a large number of studies on the treatment and construction of pile holes in karst geology have been carried out in China.

[0003] In the prior art, a pile foundation karst cave treatment device (patent number CN219100004U) overcomes the limitation that the traditional three-dimensional geological model can only be simply displayed, and solves the problems of the existing karst cave treatment materials using more, low operation efficiency and high construction cost; a bridge pile foundation karst cave treatment construction method under the geological conditions of strong karst development (patent number CN115595979A) reduces the safety hazard of pile foundation collapse during excavation, and avoids the quality problem of collapse or broken piles due to thick covering layer and soft rock layer seepage during the pouring of pile core concrete.

[0004] However, there are still problems such as the inability to visualize the caves in the pile holes and the inability to perform layered design and sealing of the multi-layer beaded caves. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a visualized plugging device for pile holes at beaded karst caves, which is used to solve the defects of pile foundation karst cave treatment devices in the prior art and achieve targeted plugging of pile holes at beaded karst caves.

[0006] The present invention provides a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves, comprising: a steel casing, a cave scanning device, a thin-walled retaining ring and a shear nail installation mechanism; the steel casing is installed at the pile hole of the cave, the cave scanning device is clamped on the top of the steel casing, and the cave scanning device is used to scan and record the inside of the cave; after scanning, according to the information collected by the scanning, a plurality of the thin-walled retaining rings are installed in the pile hole of the cave to cover different caves; the shear nail installation mechanism is installed at the bottom of the cave scanning device to fix the thin-walled retaining ring in the cave.

[0007] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, the cave scanning equipment comprises: a controller, a clamping mechanism, a telescopic rod and a scanner; the clamping mechanism is telescopic, one end of the clamping mechanism is connected to the controller, and the other end of the clamping mechanism is clamped on the top of the steel casing, and the controller controls the clamping mechanism to adjust the axial position of the controller; one end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the controller, and the controller can control the telescopic rod to be extended and retracted; a scanner is installed on the other end of the telescopic rod.

[0008] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, the cave scanning equipment also includes a reaction device, which is installed on the telescopic rod. The reaction device is supported by the hole wall so that the scanner will not be positionally offset when scanning the hole wall.

[0009] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, a scanner gear is provided on the scanner, a first telescopic rod gear is provided on the telescopic rod, the scanner gear is meshed with the first telescopic rod gear, the controller can control the rotation of the scanner gear, and the scanner rotates along the telescopic rod.

[0010] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, the clamping mechanism includes a support arm and a clamping leg, one end of the support arm is connected to the clamping leg, and the other end of the support arm is connected to the controller, and the support arm is retractable.

[0011] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, the thin-walled guard ring is a rectangular iron sheet, the thickness of the thin-walled guard ring is greater than 2 mm, the lateral side length of the thin-walled guard ring is 20 cm longer than the circumference of the pile foundation, and the vertical side of the thin-walled guard ring is about 60 cm longer than the length of the blocked cave layer.

[0012] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, the shear nail installation mechanism includes: a reaction seat, a positioning rod and a press-in machine, the reaction seat is installed on the telescopic rod, the positioning rod is telescopic, one end of the positioning rod is connected to the reaction seat, and the other end of the positioning rod is connected to the press-in machine, the controller controls the extension and retraction of the positioning rod to align it with the position where the shear nail needs to be driven in, and the press-in machine can drive the shear nail through the thin-walled retaining ring into the hole wall.

[0013] According to a visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, a second telescopic rod gear is provided on the telescopic rod, a reaction seat gear is provided on the reaction seat, the reaction seat gear is meshed with the second telescopic rod gear, the controller can control the reaction seat gear to rotate, and the reaction seat rotates along the telescopic rod.

[0014] According to the visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention, a plurality of reaction devices are provided.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for visualizing and plugging pile holes in beaded caves, comprising the following steps: hoisting a cave scanning device and clamping it on a steel casing, adjusting the cave scanning device so that the cave scanning device is located at the core of the pile hole; turning on the cave scanning device to scan and measure the cave, and recording and storing information; making a thin-walled guard ring according to the scanning result of the cave scanning device; rolling the thin-walled guard ring into a roll and placing it in the cave so that the thin-walled guard ring covers the cave; fixing the thin-walled guard ring with a shear nail installation mechanism until all layers of the cave are plugged; and pouring pile foundation concrete.

[0016] The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves provided by the present invention scans the caves in the pile holes through a cave scanning device, visualizes the distribution of the caves, and stores the data; according to the distribution characteristics of each layer of the cave, a corresponding thin-walled guard ring is designed and installed for each layer to prevent concrete loss during the pouring of pile foundation concrete; combined with the scanned and stored data, a shear nail installation mechanism presses shear nails into the top, bottom, vertical edge overlap and outside the contours of each cave to fix the thin-walled guard ring, thereby achieving fixation of the thin-walled guard ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cave scanning device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a karst cave in a pile hole provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a controller provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation between the scanner and the telescopic rod provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the first telescopic rod gear and the scanner gear provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a scanning principle diagram of the scanner provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a visual coordinate diagram after scanning by the scanner provided by the present invention; Figure 8is a plan view of the thin-walled retainer provided by the present invention; Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the installation of the thin-wall retaining ring provided by the present invention; Fig.10 is a vertical cross-sectional view along the clamp ring provided by the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp provided by the present invention; Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cave scanning equipment and the shear nail installation mechanism provided by the present invention; Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shear nail installation mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 10. Beaded Cave; 20. Hole wall; 100. Steel casing; 200. Cave scanning equipment; 210, controller; 220, clamping mechanism; 221, support arm; 222, clamping leg; 230, telescopic rod; 231, first telescopic rod gear; 240, scanner; 241, scanner gear; 242, scanning hole; 250, reaction device; 260, controller; 300, thin-walled retaining ring; 310, snap ring, 320, small snap angle; 330, large snap angle; 340, snap rod; 400, shear nail installation mechanism; 410, reaction seat; 420, positioning rod; 430, press-in machine; 440, connecting bolt; 450, shear nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on Figure 1 The orientation and position of the visualized plugging device for the pile hole at the beaded cave when it is normally placed are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0024] The present invention provides a visual plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves, see Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig.12 , including: a steel casing 100, a cave scanning device 200, a thin-walled retaining ring 300 and a shear nail installation mechanism 400; the steel casing 100 is installed at the pile hole of the cave, the cave scanning device 200 is clamped on the top of the steel casing 100, and the cave scanning device 200 is used to scan and record the inside of the cave; after scanning, according to the information collected by the scanning, multiple thin-walled retaining rings 300 are installed in the pile holes of the cave to cover different caves; the shear nail installation mechanism 400 is installed at the bottom of the cave scanning device 200 to fix the thin-walled retaining ring 300 in the cave.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cave before scanning. The cave in the pile hole is scanned by the cave scanning device 200 to visualize the distribution of the cave and store the data. According to the distribution characteristics of each layer of the cave, a corresponding thin-walled retaining ring 300 is designed and installed for each layer to prevent concrete loss during the pouring of pile foundation concrete. Combined with the scanned and stored data, the shear nail installation mechanism 400 presses shear nails into the top, bottom, vertical edge overlap and outside the contour of each cave to fix the thin-walled retaining ring 300.

[0026] In one embodiment, the cave scanning device 200 includes: a controller 210, a clamping mechanism 220, a telescopic rod 230 and a scanner 240; the clamping mechanism 220 includes a telescopic support arm, one end of the clamping mechanism 220 is connected to the controller 210, and the other end of the clamping mechanism 220 is clamped on the top of the steel casing 100, and the controller 210 controls the clamping mechanism 220 to adjust the position of the controller 210; one end of the telescopic rod 230 is connected to the bottom of the controller 210, and the controller 210 can control the telescopic rod 230 to extend and retract; the other end of the telescopic rod 230 is installed with a scanner 240.

[0027] The clamping mechanism 220 clamps the cave scanning device 200 on the top of the steel casing 100 to support the entire cave scanning device 200 . The controller 210 adjusts the position of the controller 210 by adjusting the clamping mechanism 220 .

[0028] Exemplarily, the controller 210 has a built-in control system and a level, and the clamping mechanism 220 can adjust the controller 210 to be horizontal. At the same time, the controller 210 is provided with a GPS positioning system, which can be adjusted according to the imported pile foundation coordinates through the clamping mechanism 220 so that the controller 210 is located at the center of the pile foundation.

[0029] For example, see Figure 3 The control instrument 210 has a built-in wireless transmission module, which can be wirelessly connected to the controller 260, and the control instrument 210 can be controlled at a certain distance through the controller 260.

[0030] Exemplarily, the telescopic rod 230 is hinged to the controller 210 , and the telescopic rod 230 can be extended into the pile hole, ensuring that the scanner 240 can be extended to any depth of the pile hole.

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The clamping mechanism 220 includes a support arm 221 and a clamping leg 222. One end of the support arm 221 is connected to the clamping leg 222, and the other end of the support arm 221 is connected to the controller 210. The support arm 221 is retractable.

[0032] Exemplarily, the clamping legs 222 are U-shaped and can be loosened and tightened by the controller 210 to achieve the purpose of clamping the entire device on the top of the steel casing 100.

[0033] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The cave scanning device 200 further includes a reaction device 250, which is mounted on the telescopic rod 230. The reaction device 250 is supported by the hole wall so that the scanner 240 will not be offset when scanning the hole wall.

[0034] Exemplarily, a vertical measurement system is provided at the bottom of the telescopic rod 230 , and the vertical measurement system is electrically connected to the controller 210 , and can monitor the verticality of the telescopic rod 230 and enable the controller 210 to adjust the reaction device 250 to ensure that the scanner 240 is located at the pile center.

[0035] Exemplarily, a plurality of reaction devices 250 are provided to better adjust the position of the scanner 240 .

[0036] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 5 The scanner 240 is provided with a scanner gear 241, the telescopic rod 230 is provided with a first telescopic rod gear 231, the scanner gear 241 is meshed with the first telescopic rod gear 231, the controller 210 can control the scanner gear 241 to rotate, and the scanner 240 rotates along the telescopic rod 230.

[0037] The scanner 240 can scan the hole wall at 360°. The scanner 240 can emit bright light during scanning and store and analyze the scanned data.

[0038] Exemplarily, the scanner 240 is aligned with the 0 point and scans one circle clockwise, and the scanned data is stored. After the scanner 240 returns to the 0 point, the controller 210 extends the telescopic rod 230 downward, and the extension length is 2*pile hole radius*tanψ, where ψ is the maximum angle that the scanner 240 can scan.

[0039] like Figure 6-Figure 7 As shown, for any point a on the hole wall in the pile hole, assuming that the depth coordinate of the position of the scanner 240 is h1, the rotation angle is θ, and the radius of the pile hole is r, the coordinate of point a is (θ*r, h1-r*tanα), and the coordinate of point b is (θ*r, h1+r*tanβ). An array is established, and the coordinates of each point and the scanned unit image are stored as elements in the array. After the scanning is completed, a two-dimensional scanned image is formed, and the distribution and size of each layer of caves can be displayed in the image.

[0040] In one embodiment, see Figure 8-Figure 11 The thin-walled guard ring 300 is a rectangular iron sheet, the thickness of the thin-walled guard ring 300 is greater than 2 mm, the horizontal side length of the thin-walled guard ring 300 is 20 cm longer than the circumference of the pile foundation, and the vertical side of the thin-walled guard ring 300 is about 60 cm longer than the length of the blocked cave layer, 30 cm each above and below, to ensure that each layer of cave can be blocked.

[0041] The installation position of the thin-walled retainer 300 is located at Figure 2 The location of Zhongzhu Cave 10.

[0042] A clamping ring 310 is arranged at intervals on one side of the vertical edge of the thin-walled retainer 300, and the other side is cut into a concave-convex shape so that the protruding part passes through the corresponding clamping ring 310, and a small clamping angle 320 and a large clamping angle 330 are respectively welded at each protruding position, and a clamping rod 340 is inserted between the clamping ring 310 and the small clamping angle 320 along the vertical edge of the thin-walled retainer 300 to achieve the purpose of forming the thin-walled retainer 300 into a roll shape. The width of the small clamping angle 320 is smaller than the inner short side length of the clamping ring 310, ensuring that the clamping rod 340 can pass through the clamping ring 310 when it is pulled out, and the large clamping angle 330 is larger than the inner short side length of the clamping ring 310, preventing the thin-walled retainer 300 from being fully opened when the clamping rod 340 is pulled out. The thin-walled retaining ring 300 is clamped with one end of an electrically opened and closed clamp, and the other end is hoisted into the karst layer in the pile hole by a lifting rope through a pulley. The lifting rope lifts the clamping rod 340, so that the thin-walled retaining ring 300 can be opened and cover the karst layer.

[0043] In one embodiment, see Figure 12-13 After the thin-walled retaining ring 300 is opened, it covers the cave. The shear nail installation mechanism 400 includes: a reaction seat 410, a positioning rod 420 and a press-in machine 430. The reaction seat 410 is installed on the telescopic rod 230. The positioning rod 420 is telescopic. One end of the positioning rod 420 is connected to the reaction seat 410, and the other end of the positioning rod 420 is connected to the press-in machine 430. The controller 210 controls the positioning rod 420 to extend and retract, aligning it with the position where the shear nail needs to be driven in. The press-in machine 430 can drive the shear nail through the thin-walled retaining ring 300 into the hole wall.

[0044] The support of the hole wall by the reaction device 250 can provide a reaction force for the shear nail to be driven into the hole wall.

[0045] Exemplarily, the other end of the positioning rod 420 is connected to the press machine 430 via a connecting bolt 440, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the press machine 430 and enables maintenance and other operations of the press machine 430.

[0046] In one embodiment, the telescopic rod 230 is provided with a second telescopic rod 230 gear, and the reaction seat 410 is provided with a reaction seat 410 gear, and the reaction seat 410 gear is meshed with the second telescopic rod 230 gear. Figure 5 As shown, the gear of the reaction seat 410 and the gear of the second telescopic rod 230 are installed in the same manner as the gear of the scanner 241 and the gear of the first telescopic rod 231. The controller 210 can control the gear of the reaction seat 410 to rotate, and the reaction seat 410 rotates along the telescopic rod 230.

[0047] The present invention provides a method for visualizing and plugging pile holes in beaded caves, comprising the following steps: Step 1: hoist the karst cave scanning device 200 and clamp it on the steel casing 100, and adjust the karst cave scanning device 200 so that the karst cave scanning device 200 is located at the center of the pile hole.

[0048] The cave scanning device 200 is hoisted and clamped on the steel casing 100 , and the pile foundation coordinates and the top elevation of the steel casing 100 are input into the controller 260 , so that the scanner 240 is located at the pile center and at the same elevation as the top of the steel casing 100 .

[0049] Step 2: Turn on the cave scanning device 200 to scan and measure the cave, and record and store the information.

[0050] Aim the scanner 240 at point 0 and scan one circle clockwise, store the scanned data, and after the scanner 240 returns to point 0, the controller 210 extends the telescopic rod 230 downward, the extended length being 2*pile hole radius*tanψ, where ψ is the maximum angle that the scanner 240 can scan.

[0051] Step 3: Produce a thin-walled guard ring 300 according to the scanning result of the cave scanning device 200 .

[0052] A clamping ring 310 is provided at intervals on one vertical side of the thin-walled retaining ring 300, and the other side is cut into a concave-convex shape so that the protruding part passes through the corresponding clamping ring 310, and a small clamping angle 320 and a large clamping angle 330 are welded at each protruding position.

[0053] Step 4: Roll the thin-walled protective ring 300 into a roll and place it in the cave so that the thin-walled protective ring 300 covers the cave.

[0054] After the thin-walled retaining ring 300 is manufactured, it is rolled into a roll, and the clamping rod 340 is inserted between the clamping ring 310 and the small clamping angle 320, so that the diameter of the roll is smaller than the diameter of the pile hole. It is hoisted into the pile hole along the side wall of the casing using an electrically openable clamp and a lifting rope. A bracket with a pulley is fixed around the casing on the ground. A scale is set on the lifting rope to facilitate the determination that the thin-walled retaining ring 300 is hoisted to the corresponding hole. The clamping rod 340 is slowly hoisted from bottom to top to open the thin-walled retaining ring 300 and cover the layer of cave.

[0055] Step 5: Use the shear nail installation mechanism 400 to fix the thin-walled retaining ring 300 until all layers of caves are sealed.

[0056] The cave scanning device 200 is set up on the top of the casing again, and the scanned and stored data is transmitted to the positioning rod 420. The location where the shear nails are to be driven is specified by the positioning rod 420, and the pressing machine 430 drives the shear nails through the thin-walled retaining ring 300 into the hole wall. The locations where the shear nails are pressed include 5 cm and 10 cm above the top edge of a certain layer of caves, one row each, with a spacing of 10-20 cm; 5 cm and 10 cm below the bottom edge of the layer of caves, one row each, with a spacing of 10-20 cm; where the two vertical sides overlap, two vertical rows, with a vertical distance of 10-20 cm and a row spacing of 10 cm. In addition, shear nails are pressed in at intervals of 15 cm at 15 cm outside the contour of each hole. After the thin-walled retaining ring 300 of this layer of caves is fixed, the lifting rope is loosened, the cave scanning device 200 is removed, and the thin-walled retaining ring 300 of another layer of caves is repeatedly hoisted in, and the above fixing steps are repeated until all layers of caves are blocked.

[0057] Step 6: Pour the pile foundation concrete.

[0058] Aiming at the difficulty in obtaining the distribution of karst caves in each pile hole in existing geological surveys, the present invention proposes a method for scanning the karst caves in pile holes, establishes a two-dimensional coordinate system of hole wall coordinates-unit image, visualizes the distribution of karst caves, and stores the data.

[0059] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing multi-layer karst caves are supported by full-length steel casings, but the support cost is high. According to the distribution characteristics of each layer of the karst cave, a corresponding thin-walled retaining ring is designed and installed for each layer to prevent concrete loss during the pouring of pile foundation concrete.

[0060] In order to solve the problem of difficulty in installing thin-walled retaining rings in pile holes, the present invention invents a shear nail pressing robot, and combines the scanned and stored data to press shear nails into the top, bottom, overlapping parts of vertical edges and outside the contours of each cave of the thin-walled retaining ring to fix it, thereby achieving fixation of the thin-walled retaining ring.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves, characterized in that: include: Steel casing, cave scanning equipment, thin-wall retaining ring and shear nail installation mechanism; The steel casing is installed at the pile hole of the cave, and the cave scanning device is clamped on the top of the steel casing, and the cave scanning device is used to scan and record the inside of the cave; After scanning, multiple thin-walled retaining rings are installed in the cave pile holes according to the information collected by the scanning to cover different caves; The shear nail installation mechanism is installed at the bottom of the cave scanning equipment and is used to fix the thin-wall retaining ring in the cave.

2. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cave scanning equipment comprises: a controller, a clamping mechanism, a telescopic rod and a scanner; The clamping mechanism is retractable, one end of the clamping mechanism is connected to the controller, and the other end of the clamping mechanism is clamped on the top of the steel casing. The controller controls the clamping mechanism to adjust the axis position of the controller; One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the bottom of the controller, and the controller can control the telescopic rod to be extended or retracted; the other end of the telescopic rod is equipped with a scanner.

3. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cave scanning device also includes a reaction device, which is installed on the telescopic rod. The reaction device supports the hole wall so that the scanner will not be positionally offset when scanning the hole wall.

4. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The scanner is provided with a scanner gear, the telescopic rod is provided with a first telescopic rod gear, the scanner gear is meshed with the first telescopic rod gear, the controller can control the scanner gear to rotate, and the scanner rotates along the telescopic rod.

5. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a support arm and a clamping leg, one end of the support arm is connected to the clamping leg, the other end of the support arm is connected to the control instrument, and the support arm is retractable.

6. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thin-walled guard ring is a rectangular iron sheet, the thickness of the thin-walled guard ring is greater than 2 mm, the horizontal side length of the thin-walled guard ring is 20 cm longer than the circumference of the pile foundation, and the vertical side of the thin-walled guard ring is about 60 cm longer than the length of the blocked cave layer.

7. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shear nail installation mechanism includes: a reaction seat, a positioning rod and a press machine, the reaction seat is installed on the telescopic rod, the positioning rod is telescopic, one end of the positioning rod is connected to the reaction seat, and the other end of the positioning rod is connected to the press machine, the controller controls the extension and retraction of the positioning rod to align with the position where the shear nail needs to be driven in, and the press machine can drive the shear nail through the thin-walled retaining ring into the hole wall.

8. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The telescopic rod is provided with a second telescopic rod gear, the reaction seat is provided with a reaction seat gear, the reaction seat gear is meshed with the second telescopic rod gear, the controller can control the reaction seat gear to rotate, and the reaction seat rotates along the telescopic rod.

9. The visualized plugging device for pile holes in beaded caves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction device is provided in plurality.

10. A method for visualizing and plugging pile holes in beaded caves, characterized in that: The visual plugging device for pile holes in a beaded cave according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Lifting and clamping the karst cave scanning device on the steel casing, and adjusting the karst cave scanning device so that the karst cave scanning device is located at the center of the pile hole; Turn on the cave scanning equipment to scan and measure the cave, record and store the information; Making a thin-walled retaining ring according to the scanning result of the cave scanning device; The thin-walled retaining ring is rolled into a roll and placed in the cave so that the thin-walled retaining ring covers the cave; The thin-wall retaining ring is fixed by a shear nail installation mechanism until all layers of caves are sealed; Pile foundation concrete pouring.

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