Dry drilling tunneling method and equipment based on loess layer

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry drilling tunneling method and equipment based on a loess layer, relates to the technical field of soil layer drilling tunneling, and aims to solve the technical problem of high manufacturing and using cost of current dry drilling tunneling equipment. The dry drilling tunneling equipment comprises a hanging plate, a balance weight column is arranged below the hanging plate, and a plurality of connecting rods are connected between the balance weight column and the hanging plate; a plurality of arc claws are arranged at the bottom of the balance weight column, center shafts of the arc claws are the same and form a pointed cone in a surrounding mode, a hydraulic rod is fixed to the center of the balance weight column, a warping and pressing structure is arranged at the driving end of the hydraulic rod, a transmission structure is arranged at the bottom of the warping and pressing structure, and a plurality of soil scattering structures are arranged on the periphery of the transmission structure. Through the conical design of the arc claws, the pointed cone shape formed by the multiple arc claws, the connection between the ball and the arc claws, the constraint between the clamping seat and the ball, the design of the guide rod and the ring body, the combination of a transmission structure and loose soil, and the dry drill tunneling through one hydraulic rod, the manufacturing and using cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil layer drilling, and more specifically to a dry drilling method and equipment based on loess layer. Background Art

[0002] Loess is a special geological phenomenon that plays an important role in the earth's ecosystem and human production and life. Dry drilling in loess is a construction method that does not use fluid medium circulation when drilling and other operations in loess. Existing dry drilling devices generally work through multiple electronic control devices and control modules, and their manufacturing and use costs are high. In view of this, we propose a dry drilling method and equipment based on loess. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dry drilling method and equipment based on loess layer, so as to solve the technical problem of high cost in manufacturing and using current dry drilling equipment.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dry drilling method and equipment based on loess layer, comprising a hanging plate, a hanging head is installed at the center of the top of the hanging plate, a central opening connected to an external rope is opened at the top of the hanging head, a counterweight column is placed under the hanging plate, a plurality of connecting rods are connected between the counterweight column and the hanging plate, a plurality of arc claws are arranged at the bottom of the counterweight column, the central axes of the plurality of arc claws are the same and surround to form a pointed cone, and a hinged joint is hinged between the top of the arc claw and the counterweight column;

[0005] A hydraulic rod is fixed at the center of the counterweight column, a tilting and pressing structure is arranged at the driving end of the hydraulic rod, a transmission structure is arranged at the bottom of the tilting and pressing structure, and a plurality of loose soil structures are arranged at the periphery of the transmission structure.

[0006] Preferably, the tilting structure includes a clamp seat, which is in an I-shape, and a plurality of balls are arranged between the clamp seats, the plurality of balls correspond to the positions of the arc claws, the balls are connected to the arc claws, a guide rod is connected to the top of the clamp seat, and the guide rod and the counterweight column are in limited sliding engagement.

[0007] Preferably, the center of the sphere is a circular cavity, a central rod passes through the circular cavity, the top end of the central rod is connected to the driving end of the hydraulic rod, and two ring bodies are connected to the outer periphery of the central rod.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission structure comprises a transmission rod, a sleeve is arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom end of the transmission rod, a spiral curved groove is opened on the inner periphery of the sleeve, and a limiting ball connected to the transmission rod is arranged on the inner periphery of the curved groove.

[0009] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the top of the sleeve, a positioning rod is slidingly limited on the inner circumference of the groove, and the top end of the positioning rod is fixed to the bottom of the counterweight column.

[0010] Preferably, the loose soil structure comprises meshing teeth, the top of the meshing teeth is fixed to the bottom end of the casing, the outer periphery of the meshing teeth is meshed with curved teeth, and a connecting plate fixed to the arc claw is provided below the curved teeth.

[0011] Preferably, a spiral rod is rotatably connected to the center of the connecting plate, the top end of the spiral rod is connected to the center of the curved arc tooth, and the spiral rod is located parallel to the inner wall of the arc claw and close to the edge.

[0012] Preferably, the meshing portion of the outer periphery of the curved teeth is a semicircular cross-section.

[0013] Preferably, the dry drilling method based on the loess layer comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Use a rope to connect to the lifting head of the dry drilling equipment, and then wind the rope to connect to the external winding equipment;

[0015] S2. The dry drilling equipment is suspended above the area to be drilled through a bracket, and the hydraulic rod in the dry drilling equipment is started to push open the arc claws, so that the multiple arc claws are opened;

[0016] S3, the external winding equipment is running, and the winding is unwinding quickly. The counterweight column of the dry drilling equipment will drop rapidly due to gravity;

[0017] S4. During the descent, with the help of gravity, the arc claw will quickly descend and insert into the loess layer;

[0018] S5. Finally, the external winding equipment is operated to quickly reel in the wind. At the same time, the hydraulic rod returns to move, driving the separated arc claws to form a pointed cone. When closed, the loess inside the multiple arc claws can be closed and grasped.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention adopts the conical design of the arc claw and the sharp cone formed by multiple arc claws, and then connects the sphere and the arc claw and constrains the clamp seat and the sphere, combined with the movable design of the guide rod and the movement of the clamp seat pressed by the outer ring body of the guide rod. When the hydraulic rod descends, the guide rod can be moved, and the ring body can press the clamp seat to move, so as to realize the opening and closing of the arc claw, and the loess layer can be inserted by falling with its own gravity. The hydraulic rod can be reversed to perform closed grasping, thereby realizing the effect of automatic opening and closing grasping.

[0021] 2. The present invention also connects the connecting plate with the arc claw and the spiral rod with the connecting plate in rotation, and then installs meshing teeth on the top of the spiral rod and curved arc teeth meshing on the periphery of the meshing teeth. The curved arc teeth have a semicircular arc cross-section, so that the meshing teeth are always kept in meshing during the process of rotating from the expanded state to the closed state. Therefore, the spiral rod can be driven to rotate during the closing process, so that the spiral rod can loosen the loess layer on the side when inserted, reduce the resistance during grasping, and make the multi-arc claws grasp more loess when closed.

[0022] 3. The present invention also realizes the joint drive and linkage effect by connecting the transmission rod with the guide rod and the sleeve with the positioning rod through limited sliding connection, and then through the meshing of the lower end of the sleeve with the meshing teeth, combined with the limited sliding design of the curved groove and the limit ball between the transmission rod and the sleeve. In the process of the guide rod moving, the limit ball will be driven to rise and fall, the curved groove will rotate, and the sleeve and the meshing teeth will be further driven to rotate.

[0023] As described above, only one hydraulic rod is relied upon to realize the overall operation and dry drilling of the loess layer. The structure is streamlined, and the manufacturing and use costs are greatly reduced, further solving the problem of high manufacturing and use costs of current dry drilling equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower half of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in a half-section state of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the middle warpage structure;

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 An enlarged view of the transmission structure;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing the meshing state of the loose soil structure and the transmission structure in the present invention.

[0030] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0031] 1. Hanging plate; 2. Hanging head; 3. Counterweight column; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Arc claw; 6. Hinge joint; 7. Hydraulic rod; 8. Warping structure; 9. Transmission structure; 10. Loose soil structure; 11. Positioning rod;

[0032] 801, clamping seat; 802, ball; 803, guide rod; 804, center rod; 805, ring body;

[0033] 901, transmission rod; 902, sleeve; 903, curved groove; 904, limiting ball;

[0034] 101. Meshing teeth; 102. Curved teeth; 103. Connecting plate; 104. Screw rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention relates to a dry drilling method and equipment based on loess layer, including a hanging plate 1, a hanging head 2 is installed at the top center of the hanging plate 1, a central opening connected to an external rope is opened at the top of the hanging head 2, a counterweight column 3 is placed under the hanging plate 1, a plurality of connecting rods 4 are connected between the counterweight column 3 and the hanging plate 1, a plurality of arc claws 5 are arranged at the bottom of the counterweight column 3, the central axes of the plurality of arc claws 5 are the same and surround to form a pointed cone, a hinge head 6 is hinged between the top of the arc claw 5 and the counterweight column 3, a hydraulic rod 7 is fixed at the center of the counterweight column 3, a tilting and pressing structure 8 is arranged at the driving end of the hydraulic rod 7, and the tilting and pressing structure 8 includes a clamping seat 801, the clamping seat 801 is I-shaped, and the clamping seat 80 1, multiple balls 802 are arranged between the multiple balls 802, and the multiple balls 802 correspond to the arc claws 5. The balls 802 are connected to the arc claws 5. The top of the clamp seat 801 is connected to a guide rod 803, and the guide rod 803 and the counterweight column 3 are limited sliding. The center of the ball 802 is a circular cavity, and a center rod 804 runs through the circular cavity. The top of the center rod 804 is connected to the driving end of the hydraulic rod 7, and the outer periphery of the center rod 804 is connected to two ring bodies 805. When the bottom ring body is pressed against the clamp seat, it can push the ball 802 upward to close the arc claws 5. The reverse is to press and unfold. When unfolding, it can automatically fall down with its own gravity to insert the arc claws 5 into the loess layer.

[0036] In order to reduce the grasping resistance and improve the grasping efficiency, a plurality of loose soil structures 10 are arranged between the plurality of arc claws 5, and the loose soil structure 10 includes a meshing tooth 101, the top of the meshing tooth 101 is fixed to the bottom end of the sleeve 902, and the outer periphery of the meshing tooth 101 is meshed with a curved arc tooth 102, and a connecting plate 103 fixed to the arc claw 5 is provided below the curved arc tooth 102, and a spiral rod 104 is rotatably connected to the center of the connecting plate 103, and the top of the spiral rod 104 is connected to the center of the curved arc tooth 102, and the spiral rod 104 is in a position parallel to the inner wall of the arc claw 5 and close to the edge, and the meshing part of the outer periphery of the curved arc tooth 102 is a semicircular cross-section. Through the semicircular cross-section design, when the arc claw is in a rotationally expanded state, the curved arc tooth 102 can always maintain a meshing state with the meshing tooth 101, so that it is closed and the spiral rod 104 can rotate synchronously, and the cross-section of the spiral part of the spiral rod 104 is a pointed cone to reduce resistance during insertion.

[0037] In order to achieve linkage, a transmission structure 9 is arranged between the loose soil structure 10 and the warping structure 8, and the transmission structure 9 includes a transmission rod 901, a sleeve 902 is arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom end of the transmission rod 901, a spiral curved groove 903 is opened on the inner periphery of the sleeve 902, and a limiting ball 904 connected to the transmission rod 901 is arranged on the inner periphery of the curved groove 903. The cooperation between the sleeve 902 and the transmission rod 901 is similar to the structure of a cylindrical cam. An annular groove is opened on the top of the sleeve 902, and a positioning rod 11 is slidingly limited on the inner periphery of the groove. The top end of the positioning rod 11 is fixed to the bottom of the counterweight column 3. The positioning rod 11 fixes the height position of the sleeve 902 and does not affect its rotation.

[0038] The steps when running are:

[0039] S1, use a rope to connect with the lifting head 2 of the dry drilling equipment, and then wind the rope with the external winding device for connection;

[0040] S2, the dry drilling equipment is suspended above the area to be drilled through a bracket, and the hydraulic rod 7 in the dry drilling equipment is started to drive the guide rod 803 to descend, push the clamp seat 801 to move, push the ball 802 downward, push the arc claw 5 open, and open the multiple arc claws 5;

[0041] S3, the external winding device is running to unwind quickly, and the counterweight column 3 of the dry drilling equipment will drop rapidly due to gravity;

[0042] S4, during the descent process, with the help of the gravity of the counterweight column 3, the arc claw 5 will quickly descend and insert into the loess layer;

[0043] S5. Finally, the external winding equipment is operated to quickly reel in the wind. At the same time, the hydraulic rod 7 returns to move, driving the separated arc claws 5 to form a pointed cone. During the return process, the hydraulic rod 7 will drive the guide rod 803 to operate, causing the transmission rod 901 to rise. Due to the cooperation of the curved groove 903, the sleeve 902 rotates. The cooperation of the meshing teeth 101 and the curved arc teeth 102 further causes the spiral rod 104 to rotate at a high speed to stir the surrounding loess. When the bottom ring body 805 presses the clamping seat 801 to the limit position, the arc claws 5 are closed, and the loess inside the multiple arc claws 5 can be closed and grasped.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry drilling method based on loess layer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use a rope to connect to the lifting head of the dry drilling equipment, and then wind the rope to connect to the external winding equipment; S2. The dry drilling equipment is suspended above the area to be drilled through a bracket, and the hydraulic rod in the dry drilling equipment is started to push open the arc claws, so that the multiple arc claws are opened; S3, the external winding equipment is running, and the winding is unwinding quickly. The counterweight column of the dry drilling equipment will drop rapidly due to gravity; S4. During the descent, with the help of gravity, the arc claw will quickly descend and insert into the loess layer; S5. Finally, the external winding equipment is operated to quickly reel in the wind. At the same time, the hydraulic rod returns to move, driving the separated arc claws to form a pointed cone. When closed, the loess inside the multiple arc claws can be closed and grasped.

2. The device for applying the dry drilling method based on loess layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention comprises a hanging plate (1), a hanging head (2) is installed at the center of the top of the hanging plate (1), a center opening for connecting with an external rope is opened at the top of the hanging head (2), a counterweight column (3) is arranged below the hanging plate (1), a plurality of connecting rods (4) are connected between the counterweight column (3) and the hanging plate (1), a plurality of arc claws (5) are arranged at the bottom of the counterweight column (3), the central axes of the plurality of arc claws (5) are the same and surround each other to form a pointed cone, and a hinged joint (6) is hinged between the top of the arc claw (5) and the counterweight column (3); A hydraulic rod (7) is fixed at the center of the counterweight column (3); a tilting and pressing structure (8) is arranged at the driving end of the hydraulic rod (7); a transmission structure (9) is arranged at the bottom of the tilting and pressing structure (8); and a plurality of loose soil structures (10) are arranged on the periphery of the transmission structure (9).

3. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The tilting and pressing structure (8) comprises a clamp seat (801), the clamp seat (801) is in an I-shape, a plurality of round balls (802) are arranged between the clamp seats (801), the plurality of round balls (802) correspond to the positions of the arc claws (5), the round balls (802) are connected to the arc claws (5), a guide rod (803) is connected to the top of the clamp seat (801), and the guide rod (803) and the counterweight column (3) are in a limited sliding manner.

4. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The center of the sphere (802) is a circular cavity, and a center rod (804) runs through the circular cavity. The top end of the center rod (804) is connected to the driving end of the hydraulic rod (7), and two ring bodies (805) are connected to the outer periphery of the center rod (804).

5. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The transmission structure (9) comprises a transmission rod (901), a sleeve (902) is arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom end of the transmission rod (901), a spiral curved groove (903) is opened on the inner periphery of the sleeve (902), and a limiting ball (904) connected to the transmission rod (901) is arranged on the inner periphery of the curved groove (903).

6. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 5 is characterized in that: An annular groove is provided at the top of the sleeve (902), and a positioning rod (11) is slidingly limited in the inner circumference of the groove, and the top end of the positioning rod (11) is fixed to the bottom of the counterweight column (3).

7. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The loose soil structure (10) comprises meshing teeth (101), the top of the meshing teeth (101) is fixed to the bottom end of the sleeve (902), the outer periphery of the meshing teeth (101) is meshed with curved teeth (102), and a connecting plate (103) fixed to the arc claw (5) is provided below the curved teeth (102).

8. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The center of the connecting plate (103) is rotatably connected to a spiral rod (104), the top end of the spiral rod (104) is connected to the center of the curved tooth (102), and the spiral rod (104) is located parallel to the inner wall of the arc claw (5) and close to the edge.

9. The dry drilling equipment based on loess layer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The meshing portion on the outer periphery of the curved teeth (102) is a semicircular cross section.

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