Risk-eliminating-free single-track railway tunnel safety protection support and excavation method

Abstract

The protection support comprises a rack, sleeves are arranged on the two sides of the rack, the sleeves are connected with one end of a supporting rod, the supporting rod is provided with an iron buckle, a protection net is arranged above the supporting rod, the protection net is arranged in an arch shape, and the protection net is arranged on the rack. The protective net is connected with the supporting rods through iron sheets, hooks are arranged on the iron sheets, steel strands are arranged on the hooks in a penetrating mode, and the protective net is covered with the steel strands in a crossed mode. Supporting rod pieces are installed before single-time circulation footage supporting operation of the tunnel, every ten supporting rods form a group, a protective net is laid between the supporting rods and iron sheets, adjusting devices of the supporting rods are started to enable the supporting rods to extend, the protective net is rapidly attached to the inner wall of the tunnel, the attached protective net is supported, pre-supporting is carried out through the protective net, and the supporting rod pieces and the protective net pieces are fixed. And the safety of tunnel supporting operation can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of single-track railway tunnel construction, and in particular to a single-track railway tunnel safety protection bracket and an excavation method free of danger. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main methods of mountain tunnel excavation are drilling and blasting and tunnel boring machine method. The drilling and blasting method accounts for a large proportion of tunnel excavation, accounting for more than half of the total tunnel engineering. When the drilling and blasting method is used for tunnel excavation, post-blasting risk elimination is an important process of tunnel excavation, and the risk elimination time directly affects the progress and cost of construction. When the blasting effect is not good, there are phenomena such as over-excavation and under-excavation, and serious surrounding rock damage after blasting. In this case, construction will have huge safety hazards.

[0003] During tunnel excavation, after each cycle of excavation, the exposed surrounding rock needs to be supported by a supporting device to prevent the surrounding rock from falling or collapsing and causing damage to construction personnel and equipment. The key to improving the single-cycle advance of the tunnel is to eliminate risks. The existing methods of eliminating risks mainly use protective devices to protect construction personnel and equipment by using protective devices in order to achieve the purpose of reducing the time of eliminating risks. However, in actual applications, when the tunnel is excavated rapidly, the protective devices need to be quickly followed up, and some existing protective devices are difficult to quickly disassemble after the pre-support is completed, and the pre-support position is quickly adjusted along the direction of excavation, and the portability is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support and excavation method that does not require risk elimination, aiming to solve the existing technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support that is free of danger, including a platform, sleeves are provided on both sides of the platform, the sleeves are connected to one end of a support rod, an iron buckle is provided on the support rod, and a protective net is provided above the support rod, the protective net is arranged in an arch shape, and the protective net is connected to the support rod through an iron sheet, a hook is provided on the iron sheet, a steel strand is passed through the hook, and the steel strand is cross-covered on the protective net.

[0006] Furthermore, an adjustment groove is provided in the support rod, a telescopic rod is provided in the adjustment groove, an end of the telescopic rod passes through the support rod and is connected to the iron sheet and can slide in the adjustment groove to adjust the position, wherein the iron sheets are provided with four.

[0007] The method for tunnel excavation using the above-mentioned single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Based on the single cycle footage, perform drilling and charging operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each hole in the surrounding area during the drilling operation, P1; after blasting and mucking operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each blasthole on the contour line, P2, and calculate the residual blasthole rate S;

[0009] Step 2: Based on the numerical calculation results, an evaluation classification is carried out, and flexible steel wire meshes with different strengths are arranged on the tunnel vault and side walls respectively;

[0010] Step 3: Use the support system consisting of "support rod + longitudinal connecting rod + right-angle connecting sleeve" to support and fix the flexible wire mesh.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step 1, the residual blast hole rate S of the corresponding tunnel face needs to be calculated once for each cycle of footage.

[0012] Workers perform drilling and charging operations, and calculate and record the sum of the depths of each hole around the drilling operation P1. After blasting and mucking operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each blast hole on the contour line P2 and calculate the residual blast hole rate S.

[0013] The functional expression of the residual blast hole rate S is:

[0014] Furthermore, the step 2 includes:

[0015] Based on the residual blasthole rate calculated in step 1, when the residual blasthole rate is greater than %, support operations are carried out without risk elimination and protection;

[0016] When the residual blasthole rate is between 70% and 90%, a flexible steel wire mesh with normal strength is used to cover the wall surface;

[0017] When the residual blast hole rate is less than 70%, high-strength flexible steel wire mesh is used for protection.

[0018] Furthermore, in the step 3, the support system used for the flexible steel wire mesh is simple and detachable;

[0019] After blasting and mucking, push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage in front of the face, and install the protective rods and flexible steel mesh;

[0020] Push the trolley forward to the front of the tunnel face to carry out support operations;

[0021] During the support operation, the protective net is made of flexible steel wire mesh, and the longitudinal connecting rod directly supports it at the back to make it fit the wall surface. If the residual blasthole rate is calculated to be greater than %, the steel frame will be removed later. Otherwise, the steel frame and the protective net will be retained for joint support, so that the protective net and the shotcrete can play a supporting role together, and only the supporting system rods will be removed;

[0022] When there is no steel frame support, workers directly carry out the next cycle of drilling and charging operations under the protection of the protective net, and record the number of surrounding holes P1 during the drilling operation.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0024] The present invention installs support rods before a single cycle of tunnel advance support operation, with ten support rods forming a group, and a protective net is laid between the support rods and the iron sheet. The adjustment device of the support rod is started to extend the support rod, and the protective net is quickly fitted with the inner wall of the tunnel, and the fitted protective net is supported. Pre-supporting by the protective net can effectively improve the safety of tunnel support operations.

[0025] The present invention takes into account the influence of the falling of gravel on the tunnel vault and side walls during the excavation process, optimizes the excavation technology to a certain extent, and shortens the single footage time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting system architecture of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure side view;

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure from top view;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a method for tunnel excavation using a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support that is free of danger according to the present invention.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1: Iron sheet; 2: Steel strand; 3: Protective net; 4: Support rod; 5: Sleeve; 6: Iron buckle; 7: Hook; 8: Adjustment groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1-3The present invention provides a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support that is free of danger, including a platform, sleeves 5 are provided on both sides of the platform, the sleeves 5 are connected to one end of a support rod 4, an iron buckle 6 is provided on the support rod 4, and a protection net 3 is provided above the support rod 4, the protection net 3 is arranged in an arch shape, and the protection net 3 is connected to the support rod 4 through an iron sheet 1, a hook 7 is provided on the iron sheet 1, a steel strand 2 is passed through the hook 7, and the steel strand 2 crosses and covers the protection net 3.

[0035] An adjusting groove 8 is provided in the support rod 4, and a telescopic rod is provided in the adjusting groove 8. The end of the telescopic rod passes through the support rod 4 and is connected to the iron sheet 1 and can slide in the adjusting groove 8 to adjust the position. Among them, four iron sheets 1 are provided.

[0036] See also Figure 5 The method for tunnel excavation using the above-mentioned single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination specifically comprises the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Based on the single cycle footage, perform drilling and charging operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each hole in the surrounding area during the drilling operation, P1; after blasting and mucking operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each blasthole on the contour line, P2, and calculate the residual blasthole rate S;

[0038] Step 2: Based on the numerical calculation results, an evaluation classification is carried out, and flexible steel wire meshes with different strengths are arranged on the tunnel vault and side walls respectively;

[0039] Step 3: Use the support system consisting of "support rod + longitudinal connecting rod + right-angle connecting sleeve" to support and fix the flexible wire mesh.

[0040] In step 1, the residual blast hole rate S of the corresponding tunnel face needs to be calculated once for each cycle of penetration.

[0041] Workers perform drilling and charging operations, and calculate and record the sum of the depths of each hole around the drilling operation P1. After blasting and mucking operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each blast hole on the contour line P2 and calculate the residual blast hole rate S.

[0042] The functional expression of the residual blast hole rate S is:

[0043] Step 2 includes:

[0044] Based on the residual blasthole rate calculated in step 1, when the residual blasthole rate is greater than 90%, support operations are carried out without risk elimination and protection;

[0045] When the residual blasthole rate is between 70% and 90%, a flexible steel wire mesh with normal strength is used to cover the wall surface;

[0046] When the residual blast hole rate is less than 70%, high-strength flexible steel wire mesh is used for protection.

[0047] In the step 3, the support system used for the flexible steel wire mesh is simple and detachable;

[0048] After blasting and mucking, push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage in front of the face, and install the protective rods and flexible steel mesh;

[0049] Push the trolley forward to the front of the tunnel face to carry out support operations;

[0050] During the support operation, the protective net is made of flexible steel wire mesh, and the longitudinal connecting rod directly supports it at the back to make it fit the wall surface. If the residual blasthole rate is calculated to be greater than 90%, the steel frame will be removed later. Otherwise, the steel frame and the protective net will be retained for joint support, so that the protective net and the shotcrete can play a supporting role together, and only the supporting system rods will be removed;

[0051] When there is no steel frame support, workers directly carry out the next cycle of drilling and charging operations under the protection of the protective net, and record the number of surrounding holes P1 during the drilling operation.

[0052] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0053] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes that A and B meet at the same time. In addition, "multiple" refers to more than two. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stand, wherein sleeves (5) are provided on both sides of the stand, the sleeves (5) are connected to one end of a support rod (4), an iron buckle (6) is provided on the support rod (4), and a protective net (3) is provided above the support rod (4), the protective net (3) is arranged in an arch shape, and the protective net (3) is connected to the support rod (4) through an iron sheet (1), the iron sheet (1) is provided with a hook (7), a steel strand (2) is passed through the hook (7), and the steel strand (2) crosses and covers the protective net (3).

2. A single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (4) is provided with an adjustment groove (8), and a telescopic rod is provided in the adjustment groove (8). The end of the telescopic rod passes through the support rod (4) and is connected to the iron sheet (1) and can slide in the adjustment groove (8) to adjust the position, wherein the iron sheet (1) is provided with four.

3. A method for tunnel excavation using a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support free of danger as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Based on the single cycle footage, perform drilling and charging operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each hole in the surrounding area during the drilling operation, P1; after blasting and mucking operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each blasthole on the contour line, P2, and calculate the residual blasthole rate S; Step 2: Based on the numerical calculation results, an evaluation classification is carried out, and flexible steel wire meshes with different strengths are arranged on the tunnel vault and side walls respectively; Step 3: Use the support system consisting of "support rod + longitudinal connecting rod + right-angle connecting sleeve" to support and fix the flexible wire mesh.

4. The method for tunnel excavation using a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 1, the residual blast hole rate S of the corresponding tunnel face needs to be calculated once for each cycle of footage. Workers perform drilling and charging operations, and calculate and record the sum of the depths of each hole around the drilling operation P1. After blasting and mucking operations, calculate and record the sum of the depths of each blast hole on the contour line P2 and calculate the residual blast hole rate S. The functional expression of the residual blast hole rate S is:

5. The method for tunnel excavation using a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: Based on the residual blasthole rate calculated in step 1, when the residual blasthole rate is greater than 90%, support operations are carried out without risk elimination and protection; When the residual blasthole rate is between 70% and 90%, a flexible steel wire mesh with normal strength is used to cover the wall surface; When the residual blast hole rate is less than 70%, high-strength flexible steel wire mesh is used for protection.

6. The method for tunnel excavation using a single-track railway tunnel safety protection support without risk elimination as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 3, the support system used for the flexible steel wire mesh is simple and detachable; After blasting and mucking, push the trolley to a distance of one cycle footage in front of the face, and install the protective rods and flexible steel mesh; Push the trolley forward to the front of the tunnel face to carry out support operations; During the support operation, the protective net is made of flexible steel wire mesh, and the longitudinal connecting rod directly supports it at the back to make it fit the wall surface. If the residual blasthole rate is calculated to be greater than 90%, the steel frame will be removed later. Otherwise, the steel frame and the protective net will be retained for joint support, so that the protective net and the shotcrete can play a supporting role together, and only the supporting system rods will be removed; When there is no steel frame support, workers directly carry out the next cycle of drilling and charging operations under the protection of the protective net, and record the number of surrounding holes P1 during the drilling operation.

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