Waste heat driven S-CO2 power cycle operation method and system

Abstract

The application provides an operation method of a waste heat driven S-CO2 power cycle system, belongs to the field of waste heat utilization and power generation, and comprises the following steps: CO2 charging, charging of the system working medium to a storage tank through an injection pipeline; system starting, variable condition operation, environmental temperature being lower than normal working temperature, adjustment of cooling water flow, separation of liquid CO2 at the output port of a cooler to the storage tank, opening of a waste heat valve of a waste heat pipeline when load increase is needed, increase of CO2 flow, closing of the waste heat valve of the waste heat pipeline when load decrease is needed, decrease of the CO2 flow, and constant keeping of the first compressor inlet pressure by storage tank accompanying cooling. When the environmental temperature is low, the cooling water flow is adjusted, and then the system temperature, pressure and flow are rapidly adjusted, so that the compressor inlet CO2 is effectively prevented from being in a liquid state, and rapid response of the system under variable conditions is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste heat utilization and power generation, and specifically relates to a waste heat-driven S-CO2 power cycle operation method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Due to its small size and high efficiency, the S-CO2 power cycle is considered the most promising power generation cycle for the future, and is expected to replace the steam Rankine cycle. Therefore, the S-CO2 power cycle has been widely used in the field of waste heat recovery.

[0003] Existing technical solutions primarily focus on improving the internal structure of the cycle to enhance system performance and energy utilization, or on coordinated control methods for system operation under varying loads to adapt to changes in intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. However, from a practical standpoint, the working fluid is a crucial component of the S-CO2 power cycle. The charging and recovery of the working fluid, as well as changes in its flow rate during operation, are critical to the research of S-CO2 power cycles. Given the high pressure and large required CO2 charge of CO2 power cycles, how to safely and quickly charge CO2 into and recover CO2 from the power system remains unresolved. Furthermore, for variable load operation, due to fluctuations in ambient temperature and significant changes in cooling water temperature, preventing the CO2 at the compressor inlet from remaining in a liquid state is a problem that must be addressed. Simultaneously, fluctuations in the temperature and flow rate of the flue gas waste heat directly affect system safety; therefore, how to rapidly and efficiently adjust the circulating working fluid flow rate is also a consideration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a method for operating a waste heat-driven S-CO2 power cycle system, comprising the following steps:

[0005] CO2 charging involves injecting the system working fluid into the storage tank through an injection pipeline.

[0006] The system starts up, opens the main compression circuit and waste heat pipeline, controls the working fluid in the storage tank to the preset temperature and the working fluid in the main compression circuit to the preset pressure; opens the first throttle valve, and after the working fluid reaches the predetermined pressure, starts the high-pressure turbine.

[0007] When operating under varying conditions, if the load increases, the fifteenth valve of the waste heat pipeline opens wider to increase the working fluid flow rate, and the storage tank is heated to maintain a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor. If the load decreases, the fifteenth valve of the waste heat pipeline opens narrower to reduce the CO2 flow rate, and the storage tank is cooled to maintain a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor. If the ambient temperature is lower than the normal operating temperature, the cooling water flow rate is adjusted, and liquid CO2 is formed at the cooler outlet. It is then separated into the storage tank by the separator, and the heat pump chiller heats the CO2 in the storage tank.

[0008] Specifically, the CO2 charging is performed by injecting the system working fluid into the storage tank through an injection pipeline in the form of gas-liquid alternating injection.

[0009] Specifically, the CO2 charging process, which involves injecting the working fluid into the storage tank system via an injection pipeline in a gas-liquid alternating injection manner, includes the following steps:

[0010] Gaseous CO2 injection is achieved by opening the first and sixth valves and closing the second, fifth, and third valves.

[0011] Once the storage tank reaches the predetermined pressure, the CO2 is pressurized and continued to be injected by closing the second valve and opening the fourth valve through the primary pump.

[0012] Once the storage tank reaches the set pressure, liquid CO2 is injected by closing the third valve and opening the sixth valve.

[0013] When the liquid CO2 in the storage tank exceeds the specified value, gaseous CO2 is injected by closing the sixth valve and opening the third valve.

[0014] When the pressure in the storage tank exceeds the predetermined value, the first-stage pump and the second-stage pump are simultaneously pressurized by closing the fourth valve and opening the fifth valve to complete the CO2 filling.

[0015] Specifically, the system startup includes the following steps:

[0016] Turn on the cooler to allow the cooling water to circulate.

[0017] The first compressor is started so that the CO2 in the storage tank enters the first compressor for compression after passing through the eighth valve and separator. The compressed CO2 then passes through the first regenerator, the second regenerator and the first heater in the third pipeline for heating.

[0018] Close the ninth valve to build up pressure. Once the pressure gradually reaches the predetermined pressure, open the ninth valve. CO2 will then enter the first throttle valve through the ninth valve.

[0019] Open the fifteenth valve to allow the first heater to use waste heat to heat CO2 and start the high-pressure turbine.

[0020] Specifically, the system startup also includes the following steps:

[0021] After starting the first compressor, open the first anti-surge valve.

[0022] Specifically, the variable operating condition operation and load increase include the following steps:

[0023] Open valves 15 and 17, and simultaneously open valve 8;

[0024] The heat pump chiller is started to heat the storage tank, allowing CO2 to flow into the main compression circuit and keeping the inlet pressure of the first compressor constant.

[0025] When the inlet pressure of the first compressor reaches the preset pressure, the eighth valve is closed, allowing the system to operate normally, and the heat pump refrigeration unit is shut down to stop heating.

[0026] Specifically, the variable operating condition operation and load reduction includes the following steps:

[0027] Close valves 15 and 17, and open valve 8;

[0028] The heat pump chiller is started to cool the storage tank, allowing CO2 in the main pressure circuit to flow into the storage tank and keeping the inlet pressure of the first compressor constant.

[0029] After the system is running stably, close the eighth valve and simultaneously shut down the heat pump chiller to stop cooling.

[0030] Specifically, the variable operating condition operation, where the ambient temperature is lower than the normal operating temperature, includes the following steps:

[0031] Adjust the cooling water flow rate in the cooler so that the CO2 at the inlet of the first compressor is in a gaseous state.

[0032] When the CO2 at the cooler outlet is in a liquid state, it undergoes gas-liquid separation via a separator.

[0033] Open the eighth valve to store liquid CO2 into the storage tank;

[0034] The heat pump chiller is started to heat the storage tank, increasing the inlet temperature of the first compressor and reducing the formation of liquid CO2.

[0035] Specifically, it also includes the following steps:

[0036] When the system shuts down, the fifteenth and seventeenth valves on the waste heat pipeline are gradually closed to reduce the amount of waste heat, thereby reducing the frequency and output pressure of the first compressor and disconnecting the high-pressure turbine. The first throttle valve is bypassed, the storage tank refrigeration stabilizes the inlet pressure of the first compressor, the first compressor stops, and the cooling water is shut off.

[0037] Specifically, it also includes the following steps:

[0038] During system maintenance, CO2 is discharged. The storage tank is cooled, and liquid CO2 is discharged into the CO2 Dewar flask. After the liquid CO2 is discharged, the storage tank is heated, and gaseous CO2 is discharged into the CO2 Dewar flask. A CO2 booster is used to pressurize the system's gaseous CO2 into the CO2 Dewar flask until all gaseous CO2 is discharged.

[0039] A waste heat driven S-CO2 power cycle system includes a CO2 tank truck, an injection pipeline, a storage tank, a main compression circuit, a first heater, a high-pressure turbine, waste heat pipelines, and a separator;

[0040] The inlet of the injection pipeline is connected to the CO2 tank truck, and the outlet of the injection pipeline is connected to the injection port of the storage tank.

[0041] The first inlet of the separator is connected to the outlet of the storage tank;

[0042] The main compression circuit input port is connected to the first outlet of the separator, and the main compression circuit output port is connected to the second inlet of the separator; the working fluid at the main compression circuit output port is first heated by the expanded CO2 exhaust gas, then heated a second time by the waste heat pipeline, and then the high-temperature CO2 enters the high-pressure turbine to expand and do work.

[0043] The main compression circuit includes a first heater and a high-pressure turbine, with the first heater located near the input port of the main compression circuit and the high-pressure turbine located near the output port of the main compression circuit.

[0044] The waste heat pipeline is connected to the waste heat flow side of the first heater and is used to transport waste heat to the first heater to heat the working fluid flowing through the first heater.

[0045] Specifically, a heat pump chiller is installed on the outside of the storage tank, and the heat pump chiller is used to control the internal temperature of the storage tank.

[0046] Specifically, the main compression circuit includes:

[0047] The third pipeline has its inlet connected to the outlet of the separator. The inlet to outlet of the third pipeline is sequentially provided with a first compressor, a first regulating valve, a high-pressure turbine, and a first check valve. The outlet of the third pipeline is connected to the inlet of a tenth valve.

[0048] At the midpoint between the first compressor and the first regulating valve in the third pipeline, the first pipeline of the first regenerator, the first pipeline of the second regenerator, and the first pipeline of the first heater are connected in sequence, and the first regenerator is located near the outlet of the first compressor.

[0049] The fourth pipe has its inlet connected to the outlet of the tenth valve, and its outlet is sequentially connected to the heat dissipation pipes of the second regenerator and the first regenerator.

[0050] The second pipe has an inlet connected to the outlet of the fourth pipe, and the outlet of the second pipe is connected to the circulation inlet of the separator; a twentieth valve and a cooler are sequentially installed from the inlet to the outlet of the second pipe.

[0051] Specifically, the waste heat pipeline includes:

[0052] A first waste heat pipe, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a second pipe of a first heater; a fifteenth valve is installed on the first waste heat pipe;

[0053] The second waste heat pipe has its inlet connected to the first pipe outlet of the first heater, and its outlet connected to the outside.

[0054] Specifically, the system further includes a second compression circuit, the second compression circuit comprising:

[0055] The fifth pipe has its inlet connected to the outlet of the fourth pipe, and its inlet is also connected to the inlet of the twentieth valve. The outlet of the fifth pipe is connected to the outlet of the second regenerator.

[0056] The fifth pipeline is equipped with an eleventh valve, a second compressor, a thirteenth valve, a second regulating valve, a low-pressure turbine, and a second check valve in sequence from the inlet to the outlet; the outlet of the second check valve is connected between the second pipeline of the first regenerator and the second pipeline of the second regenerator.

[0057] A second pipe with a second heater is connected between the second compressor and the thirteenth valve in the fifth pipe;

[0058] The medium pipeline of the second heater is connected to the fifth pipeline, and the waste heat pipeline of the second heater is connected to the second waste heat pipeline.

[0059] Specifically, the system also includes a CO2 emission module, which includes:

[0060] The first discharge pipe has an inlet end connected to the storage tank and an outlet end connected to the CO2 Dewar tank. An eighteenth valve is provided on the first discharge pipe.

[0061] The second discharge pipe has an inlet end connected to the inlet end of the eighteenth valve and an outlet end connected to the CO2 Dewar tank. The nineteenth valve and the CO2 booster are sequentially installed on the second discharge pipe.

[0062] A chiller is connected to the CO2 dewar.

[0063] Beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. When the load needs to be increased, the waste heat valve of the waste heat pipeline is opened wider to increase the CO2 flow rate, and the heat tracing of the storage tank maintains a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor; when the load is reduced, the waste heat valve of the waste heat pipeline is opened narrower to reduce the CO2 flow rate, and the cooling tracing of the storage tank maintains a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor; when the ambient temperature is low, the cooling water flow rate is adjusted, and liquid CO2 is separated from the cooler outlet and sent to the storage tank. The heat pump chiller is appropriately heated, thereby achieving rapid adjustment of system temperature, pressure and flow rate, effectively preventing the CO2 at the compressor inlet from being in a liquid state, and realizing rapid system response under changing operating conditions.

[0065] 2. This invention incorporates a CO2 discharge module and activates a heat pump chiller to cool the storage tank, maintaining its temperature at approximately 5°C. This allows supercritical CO2 to liquefy within the tank, while simultaneously reducing system pressure. Subsequently, the liquid CO2 is discharged from the tank via the eighteenth valve into a CO2 Dewar flask using the pressure difference. Once the liquid is nearly completely discharged, to maximize the removal of gaseous CO2, the heat pump chiller can be activated to provide appropriate heating to the tank, increasing system pressure. This allows for maximum recovery of gaseous CO2 via the eighteenth valve into the CO2 Dewar flask through the pressure difference. This significantly enhances CO2 recovery and utilization, reducing working fluid waste and minimizing the safety risks and environmental pollution associated with large-scale, direct CO2 emissions into the environment.

[0066] 3. The present invention connects the inlet of the injection pipeline to the CO2 tank truck and the outlet of the injection pipeline to the injection port of the storage tank; the injection pipeline can inject the working medium in the CO2 tank truck into the storage tank in a gaseous or liquid state; it can effectively realize the safe and rapid filling of CO2 in the S-CO2 power cycle system.

[0067] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0069] Figure 1 A basic flowchart of the charging, startup, and operation process of the S-CO2 power cycle system.

[0070] Figure 2This is a basic flowchart of the shutdown process of the S-CO2 power cycle system.

[0071] Figure 3 A basic flowchart of the CO2 removal process during S-CO2 system maintenance.

[0072] Figure 4 The structural diagram of the S-CO2 power cycle system driven by waste heat.

[0073] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a heat tracing and cooling storage tank.

[0074] Figure 6 This is a system structure diagram for the maintenance process.

[0075] In the diagram, 1. CO2 tank truck; 2. First valve; 3. Second valve; 4. Flow meter; 5. Third valve; 6. Vaporizer; 7. Primary pump; 8. Fourth valve; 9. Fifth valve; 10. Secondary pump; 11. Sixth valve; 12. Seventh valve;

[0076] 13. Storage tank; 14. Eighth valve; 15. Separator; 16. First compressor; 17. First anti-surge valve; 18. First regenerator; 19. Second regenerator; 20. First heater; 21. Ninth valve; 22. First throttle valve; 23. First check valve; 24. Tenth valve; 25. Second check valve; 26. Eleventh valve; 27. Second compressor; 28. Second anti-surge valve; 29. ​​Second heater; 30. Twelfth valve; 31. Second throttle valve; 32. 33. First regulating valve; 34. High-pressure turbine; 35. Thirteenth valve; 36. Second regulating valve; 37. Low-pressure turbine; 38. Safety valve; 39. Fourteenth valve; 40. Fifteenth valve; 41. Sixteenth valve; 42. Seventeenth valve; 43. Control cabinet; 44. Gas discharge valve; 45. Eighteenth valve; 46. CO2 Dewar flask; 47. Refrigeration unit; 48. Nineteenth valve; 49. CO2 booster compressor; 50. Twentieth valve; 201. Heat pump refrigeration unit;

[0077] 101. First pipeline; 102. Second pipeline; 103. Third pipeline; 104. Fourth pipeline; 105. Fifth pipeline;

[0078] 301, First Branch Road; 302, Second Branch Road; 303, Third Branch Road; 304, Fourth Branch Road; 305, Fifth Branch Road;

[0079] 401. First anti-asthma branch; 402. Second anti-asthma branch;

[0080] 501, First waste heat pipe; 502, Second waste heat pipe;

[0081] 601, First discharge pipe; 602, Second discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] Example 1,

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A basic flow chart illustrating the charging, startup, and operation process of an S-CO2 power cycle system. (Reference) Figure 1 A method for operating a waste heat-driven S-CO2 power cycle system includes the following steps:

[0085] S1: CO2 charging, the system working medium is charged into storage tank 13 through the injection pipeline in the form of gas-liquid interactive injection; specifically, the CO2 charging amount of the system is estimated according to the system design conditions and component design, and the system working medium is charged through the injection pipeline in the form of gas-liquid interactive injection.

[0086] Includes the following steps:

[0087] Gaseous CO2 injection is achieved by opening the first valve 2 and the sixth valve 11, and closing the second valve 3, the fifth valve 9, and the third valve 5.

[0088] After the storage tank 13 reaches the predetermined pressure, the second valve 3 is closed and the fourth valve 8 is opened, so that CO2 is pressurized through the first-stage pump 7 to continue filling.

[0089] After the storage tank 13 reaches the set pressure, liquid CO2 is injected by closing the third valve 5 and opening the sixth valve 11;

[0090] When the liquid CO2 in storage tank 13 exceeds the specified value, gaseous CO2 is injected by closing the sixth valve 11 and opening the third valve 5.

[0091] When the pressure in storage tank 13 exceeds the predetermined value, the first-stage pump 7 and the second-stage pump 10 are simultaneously pressurized by closing the fourth valve 8 and opening the fifth valve 9 to complete the CO2 filling.

[0092] S2: The system starts up, heating or cooling the working fluid in the filled storage tank 13 to the preset temperature, which is the optimal operating temperature of the working fluid, and bringing the inlet of the first compressor 16 to the preset pressure (the preset pressure is the optimal operating pressure of the first compressor 16); the first throttle valve 22 is opened to establish a preliminary circulation so that the working fluid reaches the predetermined pressure (the predetermined pressure is the optimal operating pressure of the equipment). Specifically, the main compression circuit and the waste heat pipeline are opened to stabilize the inlet pressure of the first compressor 16 and circulate the working fluid by cooling and heating the filled storage tank 13; the first throttle valve 22 is opened to establish a preliminary circulation and the valve of the waste heat pipeline is gradually opened to start the high-pressure turbine 33, and the cooling and heating are the same as the refrigeration and heating.

[0093] Includes the following steps:

[0094] The cooler 50 is turned on to allow cooling water to circulate. The first compressor 16 is started so that the CO2 in the storage tank 13 enters the first compressor 16 for compression after passing through the eighth valve 14 and the separator 15. The compressed CO2 is then heated by passing through the first regenerator 18, the second regenerator 19 and the first heater 20 in the third pipeline 103. The ninth valve 21 is closed to build up pressure. After the pressure gradually reaches the predetermined pressure, the ninth valve 21 is opened, and the CO2 enters the first throttle valve 22 for throttling.

[0095] Open valve 39 to allow the first heater 20 to heat CO2 using waste heat and start the high-pressure turbine 33. Start the first compressor 16 and then open the first anti-surge valve 17.

[0096] S3: Variable operating conditions, increased load, the waste heat valve of the waste heat pipeline is opened wider to increase CO2 flow, and the heat tracing of storage tank 13 maintains a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor 16; decreased load, the waste heat valve of the waste heat pipeline is opened narrower to reduce CO2 flow, and the cooling tracing of storage tank 13 maintains a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor 16; when the ambient temperature is low, the cooling water flow is adjusted, and liquid CO2 is formed at the output port of cooler 50 and separated into storage tank 13, and the heat pump chiller 201 is appropriately heated.

[0097] Specifically, during variable operating condition operation, when the load increases, the fifteenth valve 39 and the seventeenth valve 41 controlling the waste heat flow are opened wider, and the eighth valve 14 connecting the storage tank 13 to the system is opened simultaneously. The heat pump chiller 201 is started to provide appropriate heat tracing to the storage tank 13, allowing CO2 to flow into the system. The inlet pressure of the first compressor 16 remains basically unchanged. Once the non-design load steady state is reached, the eighth valve 14 is closed to allow the system to operate normally, and the heat pump chiller 201 is turned off to stop the heat tracing. When the load decreases, the fifteenth valve 39 and the seventeenth valve 41 controlling the waste heat flow are opened narrower, and the temperature of the storage tank 13 is appropriately lowered. The eighth valve 14 connecting the storage tank 13 to the system is opened, and the heat pump chiller 201 is started to provide appropriate cooling to the storage tank 13, allowing CO2 in the system to flow into the storage tank 13 to maintain the inlet pressure of the first compressor 16 unchanged. After the system stabilizes, the eighth valve 14 is closed, and the heat pump chiller 201 is turned off to stop the cooling. When the ambient temperature is low, the cooling water temperature is also low. The entire cooling process can be adjusted by regulating the cooling water flow rate in the cooler 50, ensuring that the CO2 at the inlet of the first compressor 16 is gaseous. When the CO2 at the outlet of the cooler 50 is liquid, the fluid undergoes gas-liquid separation through the separator 15. Simultaneously, the eighth valve 14 connecting the system to the storage tank 13 is opened, storing the liquid CO2 in the storage tank 13. At this time, the heat pump chiller 201 can be started to provide appropriate heating to the storage tank 13, thereby increasing the inlet temperature of the first compressor 16 and reducing the formation of liquid CO2.

[0098] S4: The system shuts down, the waste heat valves in the waste heat pipeline are gradually closed to reduce the amount of waste heat, the frequency and output pressure of the first compressor 16 are reduced, and the turbine unit is disconnected; the first throttle valve 22 is bypassed, the storage tank 13 stabilizes the inlet pressure of the first compressor 16, the first compressor 16 stops, and the cooling water is shut off.

[0099] During shutdown (reference) Figure 2 First, shut off the waste heat pipeline, close the fifteenth valve 39 and the seventeenth valve 41, check the CO2 pressure and temperature at the inlet of the high-pressure turbine 33 and the low-pressure turbine 36, and disconnect the high-pressure turbine 33 from the system. At the same time, open the eighth valve 14 on the storage tank 13 that connects to the system, start the heat pump chiller 201 to provide appropriate cooling to the storage tank 13, so that the CO2 in the system can flow into the storage tank 13. Reduce the CO2 flow rate in the system. When it cannot be started, open the ninth valve 21 and the twelfth valve 30, start the first throttle valve 22 and the second throttle valve 31, and then gradually reduce the CO2 flow rate through the first compressor 16 and the second compressor 27. When the minimum flow rate is reached, stop the operation of the first compressor 16 and the second compressor 27, and at the same time shut off the cooling water of the cooler 50.

[0100] S5: During system maintenance and CO2 removal (reference) Figure 3 The storage tank 13 is cooled, and the liquid CO2 is discharged into the CO2 Dewar 45 until the liquid CO2 can no longer be discharged; the storage tank 13 is heated, and the gaseous CO2 is discharged into the CO2 Dewar 45, and the gaseous CO2 is pressed into the external Dewar 45 by the CO2 booster 48 until the gaseous CO2 is emptied.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a waste heat-driven S-CO2 power cycle system. (Reference) Figure 4 A waste heat-driven S-CO2 power cycle system includes a CO2 tanker 1, an injection pipeline, a storage tank 13, a main compression circuit, a first heater 20, a high-pressure turbine 33, a waste heat pipeline, a separator 15, and a control cabinet 42. The inlet of the injection pipeline is connected to the CO2 tanker 1, and the outlet of the injection pipeline is connected to the injection port of the storage tank 13. The injection pipeline can inject the working fluid in the CO2 tanker 1 into the storage tank 13 in either a gaseous or liquid state. The first inlet of the separator 15 is connected to the outlet of the storage tank 13, and the first inlet is the injection port for receiving... The working medium is injected into the storage tank 13; the main compression circuit inlet is connected to the first outlet of the separator 15, the first outlet is the gas outlet, the main compression circuit outlet is connected to the medium flow side of the separator 15, and the second inlet is the inlet; and the main compression circuit is located on the side of the separator 15 away from the injection pipeline; the main compression circuit is used to circulate CO2 to drive the high-pressure turbine 33 to do work; the working medium at the outlet of the main compression circuit is first heated by the expanded CO2 exhaust gas, then heated a second time by the waste heat pipeline, and then the high-temperature CO2 enters the high-pressure turbine 33 to expand and do work;

[0103] On the medium flow side of the main compression circuit and the first heater 20, the first heater 20 is located near the input port of the main compression circuit; the first pipe of the first heater 20 is the working fluid passage pipe, and the second pipe is the waste heat passage pipe;

[0104] The high-pressure turbine 33 is connected to the main compression circuit, and the high-pressure turbine 33 is located at the first pipe outlet end of the first heater 20;

[0105] The waste heat pipeline is connected to the waste heat flow side of the first heater 20, and is used to transfer waste heat to the first heater 20 to heat the working fluid flowing through the first heater 20; the working fluid is CO2; the main compression circuit is connected to the output port of the storage tank 13, and the first heater 20 is installed on the main compression circuit. The first heater 20 is used to heat the working fluid in the main compression circuit. The first heater 20 is a high-temperature heater. The waste heat pipeline is connected to the waste heat pipeline of the first heater 20, and is used to transfer waste heat to the first heater 20 to heat the working fluid flowing through the first heater 20.

[0106] Specifically, the first heater 20 has two sets of pipes: one set is a working fluid flow pipe (i.e., the first pipe), which is used for the flow of working fluid, and the other set is a waste heat connection pipe (i.e., the second pipe), which is used to connect to the first waste heat pipe 501 and the second waste heat pipe 502 to use waste heat to heat the working fluid.

[0107] The control cabinet 42 is electrically connected to the storage tank 13, the injection pipeline, the main compression circuit, and the waste heat pipeline. By detecting relevant data in the storage tank 13, the injection pipeline, the main compression circuit, and the waste heat pipeline through the control cabinet 42, the flow rate in the injection pipeline, the main compression circuit, and the waste heat pipeline can be controlled to quickly and efficiently adjust the flow rate of the circulating working fluid.

[0108] In this invention, a heat pump chiller 201 is installed on the outside of the storage tank 13. The temperature change inside the storage tank 13 can be controlled by the heat pump chiller 201. When the heat pump chiller 201 is used for heat tracing, the temperature of the storage tank 13 increases; when the heat pump chiller 201 is used for cooling, the temperature of the storage tank 13 decreases.

[0109] In this invention, the injection pipeline includes a first pipeline 101, the inlet of which is connected to a CO2 tanker truck 1, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a storage tank 13. From the inlet to the outlet, the first pipeline 101 is sequentially equipped with a first valve 2, a primary pump 7, a fourth valve 8, a flow meter 4, a third valve 5, and a vaporizer 6. The flow meter 4 is electrically connected to a control cabinet 42. By installing the vaporizer 6 and the primary pump 7 on the first pipeline 101, CO2 can be compressed and vaporized before being input into the storage tank 13. A first branch 301 is provided on the first pipeline 101, the inlet of which is connected between the first valve 2 and the primary pump 7, and the outlet of which is connected between the fourth valve 8 and the flow meter 4. A second valve 3 is provided on the first branch 301. By providing the first branch 301, CO2 can be vaporized and directly input into the storage tank 13.

[0110] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation involves providing a second branch 302 on the first pipeline 101. The inlet of the second branch 302 is connected between the primary pump 7 and the fourth valve 8, and the outlet of the second branch 302 is connected between the fourth valve 8 and the flow meter 4. A fifth valve 9 and a secondary pump 10 are sequentially provided from the inlet to the outlet of the second branch 302. By providing the second branch 302, CO2 can be vaporized after being compressed by both the primary pump 7 and the secondary pump 10 and then enter the input storage tank 13.

[0111] Preferably, a third branch 303 is provided on the first pipeline 101. The inlet of the third branch 303 is connected between the flow meter 4 and the third valve 5, and the outlet of the third branch 303 is connected between the vaporizer 6 and the seventh valve 12. A sixth valve 11 is provided on the third branch 303. By providing the third branch 303, CO2 can be directly input into the storage tank 13 without vaporization. Combined with the first pipeline 101, the first branch 301, and the second branch 302, multiple methods can be used to input CO2 in gaseous or liquid form into the storage tank 13.

[0112] Specifically, to ensure the total amount of working fluid is injected, the above-mentioned injection pipeline follows the following filling process: The CO2 injection pipeline is mainly used for CO2 filling. During CO2 filling, after the system vacuum is evacuated, the CO2 in the CO2 tanker 1 is injected into the system. The liquid CO2 flowing out of the CO2 tanker 1 flows into the flow meter 4 through the first valve 2 of the first pipeline 101 and the second valve 3 of the first branch 301 to measure its flow rate. Then, it enters the vaporizer 6 through the third valve 5 to complete vaporization. The vaporized CO2 is then injected into the storage tank 13 through the seventh valve 12 of the first pipeline 101. As gaseous CO2 is continuously injected, the pressure in the system continuously increases. Once the pressure reaches the pressure of the CO2 tanker 1, the first-stage pump 7 is started. The liquid CO2 flowing out of the CO2 tanker 1 flows into the first-stage pump 7 through the first valve 2 for pressurization. The pressurized CO2 flows into the flow meter 4 through the fourth valve 8 to measure its flow rate. Then, it enters the vaporizer 6 through the third valve 5 to complete vaporization. The vaporized CO2 is then injected into the storage tank 13 through the seventh valve 12. Since the volume of storage tank 13 is fixed, the temperature within the system will continuously rise during constant-volume filling. Once the set pressure is reached, direct liquid injection will commence. During the liquid injection process, liquid CO2 flowing from CO2 tanker 1 flows through first valve 2 into primary pump 7 for pressurization. The pressurized CO2 then passes through fourth valve 8 and flow meter 4 before being directly injected into storage tank 13 via sixth valve 11 and seventh valve 12. Due to the high temperature, the liquid CO2 initially injected into storage tank 13 will gradually vaporize and disappear. When there is sufficient liquid CO2, some liquid CO2 will remain in storage tank 13. The liquid level in storage tank 13 will be monitored, and if it exceeds the specified value, the injection will switch to gaseous CO2. During the gas injection process, liquid CO2 flowing from CO2 tanker 1 flows through first valve 2, primary pump 7, fourth valve 8, flow meter 4, third valve 5, vaporizer 6, and seventh valve 12 before finally being injected into storage tank 13. When the system pressure is high, the secondary pump 10 can be activated. Liquid CO2 flowing from CO2 tanker 1 sequentially passes through the first valve 2, primary pump 7, fifth valve 9, and secondary pump 10, undergoing two pressurization cycles. It then flows into flow meter 4 to measure its flow rate. Based on the needs, it is then determined whether to inject gas into the system through the third valve 5 and vaporizer 6, or to inject liquid into the system through the sixth valve 11. During the filling process, the temperature and pressure at various points in the system are monitored, and the liquid level in storage tank 13 is observed to determine whether to fill with liquid or gas, until the total amount of CO2 injected into the system reaches the required working fluid volume.In this invention, the main compression circuit includes a separator 15, the working fluid injection port of which is connected to the output port of the storage tank 13; the inlet of the third pipeline 103 is connected to the output port of the separator 15, and a first compressor 16, a first regulating valve 32, a high-pressure turbine 33, and a first check valve 23 are sequentially arranged from the inlet to the outlet of the third pipeline 103; the inlet of the tenth valve 24 is connected to the output port of the third pipeline 103; the high-pressure turbine 33 is the first turbine in the expansion process of a gas turbine with multiple turbines; in the third At the midpoint between the first compressor 16 and the first regulating valve 32 in pipeline 103, the first pipeline of the first regenerator 18, the first pipeline of the second regenerator 19, and the first pipeline of the first heater 20 are connected in sequence, with the first regenerator 18 located near the outlet of the first compressor 16; the first pipeline of the first regenerator 18 and the first pipeline of the second regenerator 19 are working fluid heating pipelines, that is, the working fluid is heated through these pipelines, and the second pipeline of the first regenerator 18 and the second pipeline of the second regenerator 19 are working fluid heat release pipelines, that is, the working fluid releases heat through these pipelines.

[0113] The first compressor 16 is used to compress and transport CO2; the first regenerator 18 is a low-temperature regenerator, and the second regenerator 19 is a high-temperature regenerator; the first regenerator 18 and the second regenerator 19 are used to recover the heat of CO2 in the fourth pipe 104 and heat CO2 in the third pipe 103; the first regulating valve 32 is used to regulate the flow rate of CO2 and is electrically connected to the control cabinet 42; CO2 flows through the high-pressure turbine 33 to expand and do work, and temperature and pressure sensors are provided at the inlet of the high-pressure turbine 33, and the temperature and pressure sensors are electrically connected to the control cabinet 42 respectively; the first check valve 23 prevents CO2 from overflowing initially. O2, failing to reach the specified pressure, flows back into the high-pressure turbine 33; the inlet of the fourth pipe 104 is connected to the outlet of the tenth valve 24, and the outlet of the fourth pipe 104 is sequentially connected to the heat dissipation pipes of the second regenerator 19 and the first regenerator 18; the first regenerator 18 and the second regenerator 19 are used to recover the heat of CO2 in the fourth pipe 104; the inlet of the second pipe 102 is connected to the outlet of the fourth pipe 104, and the outlet of the second pipe 102 is connected to the circulation inlet of the separator 15; from the inlet to the outlet of the second pipe 102, the twentieth valve 49 and the cooler 50 are sequentially installed. The cooler 50 is used to cool the CO2.

[0114] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation is that the main compression circuit further includes a fourth branch 304, the input port of the fourth branch 304 is connected between the first regulating valve 32 and the first heater 20, and the output port of the fourth branch 304 is connected between the first check valve 23 and the tenth valve 24; a ninth valve 21 and a first throttle valve 22 are sequentially arranged from the input port to the output port of the fourth branch 304.

[0115] The main compression circuit works as follows: At the start-up stage, the cooler 50 is first turned on to allow cooling water to circulate. Then, the first compressor 16 is started. CO2 in the storage tank 13 enters the first compressor 16 for compression after passing through the eighth valve 14 and the separator 15. The first anti-surge valve 17 is also opened. The compressed CO2 passes sequentially through the first regenerator 18, the second regenerator 19, and the first heater 20 in the third pipeline 103. At the same time, the ninth valve 21 is not opened to allow for pressure build-up. After the pressure gradually reaches the design pressure, the ninth valve 21 is opened. CO2 enters the first throttle valve 22 through the ninth valve 21 for throttling. At the same time, the fifteenth valve 39 is opened so that the CO2 can be heated in the first heater 20 using waste heat.

[0116] Preferably, the main compression circuit further includes a first anti-surge branch 401, the inlet of which is connected between the first compressor 16 and the first regenerator 18, and the outlet of which is connected to the third inlet of the separator 15. A first anti-surge valve 17 is provided on the first anti-surge branch 401. The first anti-surge valve 17 is used to prevent surge in the third pipeline 103.

[0117] In this invention, the waste heat pipeline includes a first waste heat pipeline 501, the outlet of which is connected to the second pipeline inlet of the first heater 20; a fifteenth valve 39 is installed on the first waste heat pipeline 501; the inlet of the second waste heat pipeline 502 is connected to the second pipeline outlet of the first heater 20, and the outlet of the second waste heat pipeline 502 is connected to the outside. The waste heat is used by the first heater 20 to heat the CO2 in the third pipeline 103.

[0118] During startup, the system first opens the cooler 50 to allow cooling water to circulate. Then, the first compressor 16 is started. CO2 in the storage tank 13 enters the first compressor 16 for compression after passing through the eighth valve 14 and the separator 15. The first anti-surge valve 17 is also opened. The compressed CO2 passes sequentially through the first regenerator 18, the second regenerator 19, and the first heater 20 in the third pipeline 103. At the same time, the ninth valve 21 remains closed to allow for pressure build-up. Once the pressure gradually reaches the design pressure, the ninth valve 21 is opened, and the CO2 enters the first throttling valve 22 for throttling. Simultaneously, the fifteenth valve 39 is opened, allowing the CO2 to be heated in the first heater 20 using residual heat. Meanwhile, the second compressor 27 is started. The throttled CO2 flows sequentially through the second regenerator 19 and the first regenerator 18 via the tenth valve 24 to release heat. The released CO2 splits into two branches. One branch enters the cooler 50 for cooling via the twentieth valve 49, and then enters the separator 15 for gas-liquid separation. Another route leads to the second compressor 27 via the eleventh valve 26 of the fifth pipeline 105 for recompression, and the second anti-surge valve 28 is opened. The recompressed CO2 flows through the second heater 29, while the twelfth and thirteenth valves 34 remain closed to allow for pressure buildup. When the pressure reaches the design pressure, the twelfth valve 30 is opened, activating the second throttle valve 31 of the second compression circuit. Simultaneously, the seventeenth valve 41 is opened, allowing residual heat to enter the second heater 29 and heat the CO2 flowing through it. The CO2 heated in the second heater 29 then enters the second throttle valve 31 via the twelfth valve 30 for throttling, and then mixes with the CO2 at the output of the second regenerator 19 via the second check valve 25 before flowing into the first regenerator 18 for heat release. The first check valve 23 and the second check valve 25 in the cycle prevent CO2 from flowing into the high-pressure turbine 33 or the low-pressure turbine 36 before the start-up conditions are met. At this time, both the first regulating valve 32 and the second regulating valve 35 are closed. The pressure and temperature of CO2 at the inlets of the high-pressure turbine 33 and the low-pressure turbine 36 are continuously monitored. Once the start-up conditions are met, the first throttle valve 22 and the second throttle valve 31 are closed, and the first regulating valve 32 and the second regulating valve 35 are opened, gradually adjusting the system to the design operating point. At this time, CO2 from the output of the first heater 20 enters the high-pressure turbine 33 via the first regulating valve 32 for expansion and work, and then enters the second regenerator 19 to release heat via the first check valve 23 and the tenth valve 24. CO2 from the output of the second heater 29 enters the low-pressure turbine 36 via the thirteenth valve 34 and the second regulating valve 35 for expansion and work, and then mixes with CO2 from the output of the second regenerator 19 via the second check valve 25, before flowing into the first regenerator 18 for heat release. Safety valve 37 ensures safe operation of the system under high pressure; when the system pressure is too high, it can be used to release pressure.In addition, before the fifteenth valve 39 is opened, the waste heat flows directly into the outside through the fourteenth valve 38 to supply the user. After the fifteenth valve 39 is opened, the fourteenth valve 38 may be closed as appropriate. Before the seventeenth valve 41 is opened, the waste heat flowing through the first heater 20 flows into the outside through the sixteenth valve 40 to supply the user. After the seventeenth valve 41 is opened, the sixteenth valve 40 may be closed as appropriate, and the waste heat flowing through the second heater 29 flows into the outside.

[0119] In this invention, the system further includes a second compression circuit, which includes a fifth pipe 105. The inlet of the fifth pipe 105 is connected to the outlet of the fourth pipe 104, and the inlet of the fifth pipe 105 is connected to the inlet of the twentieth valve 49. The outlet of the fifth pipe 105 is connected to the outlet of the second regenerator 19. From the inlet to the outlet, the fifth pipe 105 is sequentially provided with an eleventh valve 26, a second compressor 27, a thirteenth valve 34, a second regulating valve 35, a low-pressure turbine 36, and a second check valve 25. The outlet of the second check valve 25 is connected between the second pipe of the first regenerator 18 and the second pipe of the second regenerator 19. A second pipe of a second heater 29 is connected between the second compressor 27 and the thirteenth valve 34 of the fifth pipe 105. The second heater 29 is a low-temperature heater, and the low-pressure turbine 36 is the last turbine in the expansion process in some gas turbines with multiple turbines.

[0120] The second compression circuit is used to compress the working fluid again to do work, and at the same time, it uses the waste heat pipeline for reheating, improving the utilization efficiency of waste heat. The eleventh valve 26 is used to open and close the second compression circuit, and the second heater 29 is used to reheat CO2 using waste heat; the second regulating valve 35 is used to regulate the flow rate of CO2 into the low-pressure turbine 36, and is electrically connected to the control cabinet 42; the low-pressure turbine 36 is used for CO2 expansion to do work, and temperature and pressure sensors are installed at the inlet of the low-pressure turbine 36, which are electrically connected to the control cabinet 42 respectively; the second check valve 25 prevents CO2 from flowing back into the low-pressure turbine 36 if the initial pressure is not reached.

[0121] The main compression loop and the second compression loop of the S-CO2 power cycle are connected by the eleventh valve 26. When the eleventh valve 26 is open, CO2 flows through the second compression loop of the S-CO2 power cycle; when the eleventh valve 26 is closed, CO2 does not flow through the second compression loop of the S-CO2 power cycle. Furthermore, the flow trajectory of CO2 in the S-CO2 power cycle differs depending on the different operating processes of the system.

[0122] In this invention, the second compression circuit includes a fifth branch 305. The input port of the fifth branch 305 is connected between the first pipe of the thirteenth valve 34 and the second heater 29, and its output port is connected between the second check valve 25 and the low-pressure turbine 36. The twelfth valve 30 and the second throttle valve 31 are sequentially arranged from the input port to the output port of the fifth branch 305.

[0123] The second compression circuit works as follows: The second compressor 27 is started, and CO2 enters the second compressor 27 after passing through the eleventh valve 26 for compression. The second anti-surge valve 28 is also opened. The compressed CO2 passes sequentially through the second heater 29. Simultaneously, the twelfth valve 30 remains closed to allow for pressure buildup. Once the pressure gradually reaches the design pressure, the twelfth valve 30 is opened, and CO2 enters the second throttling valve 31 through the twelfth valve 30. At the same time, the seventeenth valve 41 is opened, allowing waste heat to be used to heat the CO2 in the second heater 29. The medium pipeline of the second heater 29 is connected to the fifth pipeline 105, and the waste heat pipeline of the second heater 29 is connected to the second waste heat pipeline 502.

[0124] In the above embodiment, an alternative implementation includes a second compression circuit comprising a second anti-surge branch 402. The inlet of the second anti-surge branch 402 is connected between the second pipes of the second compressor 27 and the second heater 29, and the outlet of the second anti-surge branch 402 is connected between the second compressor 27 and the eleventh valve 26. A second anti-surge valve 28 is provided on the second anti-surge branch 402. The second anti-surge valve 28 is used to prevent surge in the fifth pipe 105. When the second compressor 27 is started, the throttled CO2 flows through the tenth valve 24 sequentially through the second regenerator 19 and the first regenerator 18 to release heat. The released CO2 is divided into two branches: one branch enters the cooler 50 through the twentieth valve 49 for cooling, and then enters the separator 15 for gas-liquid separation.

[0125] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a system structure diagram for the maintenance process. (Reference) Figure 6 The system includes a CO2 discharge module, which includes a first discharge pipe 601, the inlet of which is connected to the storage tank 13, and the outlet of which is connected to the CO2 dewar 45. An eighteenth valve 44 is installed on the first discharge pipe 601. The inlet of the second discharge pipe 602 is connected to the inlet of the eighteenth valve 44, and the outlet of the second discharge pipe 602 is connected to the CO2 dewar 45. A nineteenth valve 47 and a CO2 booster 48 are installed sequentially on the second discharge pipe 602. A chiller 46 is connected to the CO2 dewar 45.

[0126] When the system is being overhauled and CO2 is being discharged, the storage tank 13 is cooled, and the liquid CO2 is discharged to the outside. The storage tank 13 is heated, and the gaseous CO2 is discharged to the Dewar 45. The CO2 is then pressurized into the external Dewar 45 using a CO2 booster 48. Finally, the gaseous CO2 is discharged into the air.

[0127] The CO2 tanker 1 is mainly divided into a CO2 Dewar 45 and a chiller 46. The CO2 Dewar 45 is used to store liquid CO2, and the chiller 46 provides cooling for the CO2 Dewar 45 to maintain the low temperature of the CO2 Dewar 45 and liquefy the gaseous CO2 recovered into the CO2 Dewar 45.

[0128] The CO2 discharge module is mainly used during system maintenance. During system maintenance, CO2 needs to be recovered into the CO2 Dewar 45. During the recovery process, the eighth valve 14 connecting the system to the storage tank 13 is opened first, and the heat pump chiller 201 is started to cool the storage tank 13, maintaining the temperature of the storage tank 13 at about 5°C, so that the supercritical CO2 forms a liquid in the storage tank 13, and the system pressure drops at the same time. Subsequently, the liquid CO2 in storage tank 13 is discharged into CO2 Dewar 45 via the eighteenth valve 44 using the pressure difference. When the liquid is almost completely discharged, to maximize the discharge of gaseous CO2, the heat pump chiller 201 can be started to provide appropriate heating to storage tank 13 to increase the system pressure. This allows the gaseous CO2 to be recovered into CO2 Dewar 45 via the eighteenth valve 44 to the maximum extent possible using the pressure difference. When the pressure in storage tank 13 is lower than the pressure in CO2 Dewar 45, the gaseous CO2 in storage tank 13 enters the CO2 booster 48 via the nineteenth valve 47 for pressurization. Then, the CO2 is further discharged into CO2 Dewar 45 using the pressure difference. Finally, the CO2 in storage tank 13 is emptied through the gas discharge valve 43. Throughout the entire process of CO2 recovery into CO2 Dewar 45, the chiller 46 remains on.

[0129] During system charging, startup, operation, shutdown and maintenance, control cabinet 42 continuously monitors the temperature and pressure at various points in the system.

[0130] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste heat driven The power cycle system is characterized by, include: Tank truck (1), injection pipeline, storage tank (13), main compression circuit, first heater (20), high pressure turbine (33), waste heat pipeline and separator (15); The inlet of the injection pipeline and The tank truck (1) is connected, and the outlet of the injection pipeline is connected to the injection port of the storage tank (13); The first inlet of the separator (15) is connected to the outlet of the storage tank (13); The main compression circuit inlet is connected to the first outlet of the separator (15), and the main compression circuit outlet is connected to the second inlet of the separator (15); the working fluid at the main compression circuit outlet is first expanded... The exhaust gas is initially heated, then reheated by the waste heat pipeline, and then reaches a high temperature. The high-pressure turbine (33) expands and does work; The main compression circuit includes a first heater (20) and a high-pressure turbine (33), with the first heater (20) located near the input port of the main compression circuit and the high-pressure turbine (33) located near the output port of the main compression circuit. The waste heat pipeline is connected to the waste heat flow side of the first heater (20) and is used to transport waste heat to the first heater (20) to heat the working fluid flowing through the first heater (20); The injection pipeline includes a first pipe (101), the inlet of which is connected to a... The tank truck (1) has its output port of the first pipeline (101) connected to the input port of the storage tank (13). From the input port to the output port of the first pipeline (101), a first valve (2), a primary pump (7), a fourth valve (8), a flow meter (4), a third valve (5), and a vaporizer (6) are installed in sequence. A first branch (301) is installed on the first pipeline (101). The input port of the first branch (301) is connected between the first valve (2) and the primary pump (7), and the output port of the first branch (301) is connected between the fourth valve (8) and the flow meter (4). A second valve (3) is installed on the first branch (301). A second branch (302) is provided on the first pipeline (101). The inlet of the second branch (302) is connected between the first pump (7) and the fourth valve (8). The outlet of the second branch (302) is connected between the fourth valve (8) and the flow meter (4). A fifth valve (9) and a second pump (10) are provided sequentially from the inlet to the outlet of the second branch (302). A third branch (303) is provided on the first pipeline (101). The inlet of the third branch (303) is connected between the flow meter (4) and the third valve (5). The outlet of the third branch (303) is connected between the vaporizer (6) and the seventh valve (12). A sixth valve (11) is provided on the third branch (303). The waste heat pipeline includes a first waste heat pipeline (501), the outlet of which is connected to the second pipeline inlet of the first heater (20); a fifteenth valve (39) is provided on the first waste heat pipeline (501). A heat pump chiller (201) is provided on the outside of the storage tank (13), and the heat pump chiller (201) is used to control the internal temperature of the storage tank (13); The main compression circuit includes: a third pipe (103), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the separator (15), and a first compressor (16), a first regulating valve (32), a high-pressure turbine (33) and a first check valve (23) are sequentially arranged from the inlet to the outlet of the third pipe (103). The inlet of the tenth valve (24) is connected to the outlet of the third pipe (103). The main compression circuit also includes a fourth branch (304), the inlet of which is connected between the first regulating valve (32) and the first heater (20), and the outlet of which is connected between the first check valve (23) and the tenth valve (24). A ninth valve (21) and a first throttle valve (22) are sequentially arranged from the inlet to the outlet of the fourth branch (304).

2. A waste heat driven system according to claim 1 The power cycle system is characterized by, The main compression circuit also includes: the first pipe of the first regenerator (18), the first pipe of the second regenerator (19), and the first pipe of the first heater (20) are sequentially connected between the first compressor (16) and the first regulating valve (32) of the third pipe (103), and the first regenerator (18) is located near the outlet of the first compressor (16); The fourth pipe (104) is connected to the output port of the tenth valve (24) and the output port of the fourth pipe (104) is connected in sequence to the heat dissipation pipe of the second regenerator (19) and the heat dissipation pipe of the first regenerator (18). The second pipe (102) has its inlet connected to the outlet of the fourth pipe (104) and its outlet connected to the circulation inlet of the separator (15); a twentieth valve (49) and a cooler (50) are sequentially installed from the inlet to the outlet of the second pipe (102).

3. A waste heat driven system according to claim 2 The power cycle system is characterized by, The system further includes a second compression circuit, the second compression circuit comprising: The fifth pipe (105) has its inlet connected to the outlet of the fourth pipe (104), and its inlet is connected to the inlet of the twentieth valve (49). The outlet of the fifth pipe (105) is connected to the outlet of the second regenerator (19). The fifth pipeline (105) is provided with an eleventh valve (26), a second compressor (27), a thirteenth valve (34), a second regulating valve (35), a low-pressure turbine (36), and a second check valve (25) in sequence from the inlet to the outlet; the outlet of the second check valve (25) is connected between the second pipeline of the first regenerator (18) and the second pipeline of the second regenerator (19); A second pipe for a second heater (29) is connected between the second compressor (27) and the thirteenth valve (34) of the fifth pipe (105); The first pipe of the second heater (29) is connected to the fifth pipe (105), and the second pipe of the second heater (29) is connected to the waste heat pipeline.

4. A waste heat driven system according to claim 1 The power cycle system is characterized by, The system also includes The discharge module, the The discharge module includes: The first discharge pipe (601) has its inlet end connected to the storage tank (13), and its outlet end connected to... The Dewar jar (45) is connected, and an eighteenth valve (44) is provided on the first discharge pipe (601). The second discharge pipe (602) has its inlet end connected to the inlet end of the eighteenth valve (44), and its outlet end connected to the... The Dewar jar (45) is connected, and a nineteenth valve (47) and a... are sequentially installed on the second discharge pipe (602). Boost compressor (48); In the A refrigeration unit (46) is connected to the Dewar jar (45).

5. A waste heat driven The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The system according to any one of claims 2-4 comprises the following steps: The system working fluid is injected into the storage tank (13) through the injection pipeline; The system starts up, opens the main compression circuit and waste heat pipeline, controls the working fluid in the storage tank (13) to the preset temperature and the working fluid in the main compression circuit to the preset pressure; opens the first throttle valve (22), and after the working fluid reaches the preset pressure, starts the high pressure turbine (33). When operating under varying conditions, the load is increased, and the fifteenth valve (39) of the waste heat pipeline is opened wider to increase the working fluid flow rate. The storage tank (13) is heated to maintain a constant inlet pressure of the first compressor (16). When the load is reduced, the fifteenth valve (39) of the waste heat pipeline is opened narrower to decrease the flow rate. Flow rate, storage tank (13) maintains constant inlet pressure of first compressor (16) for refrigeration; when the ambient temperature is lower than the normal operating temperature, adjust the cooling water flow rate, and liquid is formed at the outlet of cooler (50). The mixture is separated into storage tank (13) by separator (15), and heat pump chiller (201) cools the mixture in storage tank (13). heating.

6. A waste heat driven system according to claim 5 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The The system working fluid is injected into the storage tank (13) through the injection pipeline in the form of gas-liquid interaction injection.

7. A waste heat driven system according to claim 5 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The system startup includes the following steps: Turn on the cooler (50) to allow the cooling water to circulate. The first compressor (16) is started to fill the storage tank (13). After passing through the eighth valve (14) and separator (15), it enters the first compressor (16) for compression. The first regenerator (18), the second regenerator (19), and the first heater (20) pass through the third pipe (103) in sequence for heating; Close the ninth valve (21) to build up pressure. Once the pressure gradually reaches the predetermined pressure, open the ninth valve (21). It enters the first throttle valve (22) through the ninth valve (21) and is throttled; Open the fifteenth valve (39) to allow the first heater (20) to use waste heat for heating. And start the high-pressure turbine (33).

8. A waste heat driven system according to claim 7 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The system startup also includes the following steps: The main compression circuit also includes a first anti-surge branch (401), the inlet of which is connected between the first compressor (16) and the first regenerator (18), and the outlet of the first anti-surge branch (401) is connected to the third inlet of the separator (15). A first anti-surge valve (17) is provided on the first anti-surge branch (401). After starting the first compressor (16), the first anti-surge valve (17) is opened.

9. A waste heat driven system according to claim 7 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The variable operating condition operation and load increase include the following steps: The waste heat pipeline includes a second waste heat pipeline (502), the inlet of which is connected to the first pipeline outlet of the first heater (20), and the outlet of the second waste heat pipeline (502) is connected to the outside; a seventeenth valve (41) is provided on the second waste heat pipeline (502). Open valves 15 (39) and 17 (41), and open valve 8 (14) at the same time. The heat pump chiller (201) is started to heat the storage tank (13), so that... It flows into the main compression circuit, keeping the inlet pressure of the first compressor (16) unchanged; When the inlet pressure of the first compressor (16) reaches the preset pressure, the eighth valve (14) is closed, allowing the system to operate normally, and at the same time the heat pump refrigeration unit (201) is shut down to stop heating.

10. A waste heat driven system according to claim 9 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The variable operating condition operation and load reduction include the following steps: Close valve 15 (39) and valve 17 (41), and open valve 8 (14); Start the heat pump chiller (201) to cool the storage tank (13), so that the main pressure circuit is cooled. The fluid flows into the storage tank (13) to keep the inlet pressure of the first compressor (16) constant. After the system is running stably, close the eighth valve (14) and simultaneously shut down the heat pump chiller (201) to stop cooling.

11. A waste heat driven system according to claim 10 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, The variable operating condition operation, where the ambient temperature is lower than the normal operating temperature, includes the following steps: Adjust the cooling water flow rate in the cooler (50) to the inlet of the first compressor (16). It is in a gaseous state. When the cooler (50) output port When liquid is present, gas-liquid separation is performed by separator (15). Open the eighth valve (14) to release the liquid Store in storage tank (13); The heat pump chiller (201) is started to heat the storage tank (13), increasing the inlet temperature of the first compressor (16) and reducing the liquid content. The formation of.

12. A waste heat driven system according to claim 9 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, It also includes the following steps: When the system shuts down, the fifteenth valve (39) and the seventeenth valve (41) of the waste heat pipeline are gradually closed to reduce the waste heat, reduce the frequency and output pressure of the first compressor (16), and disconnect the high-pressure turbine (33); the first throttle valve (22) is bypassed, the storage tank (13) cools and stabilizes the inlet pressure of the first compressor (16), the first compressor (16) stops, and the cooling water is shut off.

13. A waste heat driven system according to claim 6 The operating method of the power cycle system is characterized by, It also includes the following steps: System maintenance team The storage tank (13) is cooled to remove liquid. Discharge to In a Dewar jar (45); liquid After the discharge is complete, the storage tank (13) is heated to release the gaseous gas. Discharge to In the Dewar jar (45), and taken Use a booster compressor (48) to convert the system's gaseous state Press in In the Dewar jar (45), until the gaseous state is reached. Empty.

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