An inclinometer

Abstract

The present invention provides an inclinometer, belonging to the technical field of slope landslide monitoring equipment, including at least one segment component. The segment component includes a proximal segment close to the ground in the working state and a distal segment far from the ground in the working state. The proximal segment and the distal segment are circular tubes axially connected end to end. At least three pressure sensors are arranged at the connection part of the proximal segment and the distal segment. With such an inclinometer, the omnidirectional four-axis structure of the gyroscope is used to restrict the circumferential rotation of the two segments along the axis relative to each other, so as to make it rotate relative to the axis as much as possible. The pressure sensor detects the magnitude of the extrusion force when the two segments rotate relative to each other and converts it into the angle when they rotate relative to each other. One segment has a rotatable joint, and the two segments can be connected and fixed to each other, and the circumferential angle correspondence is unique when connected, so as to improve the measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of slope landslide monitoring equipment, and more particularly relates to an inclinometer. Background Art

[0002] An inclinometer is an instrument used to monitor the deformation of engineering structures such as slopes and retaining walls. It determines whether the structure has tilted or displaced by measuring the tilt angle of the structure, thereby promptly detecting and warning of potential safety hazards. An inclinometer usually consists of a sensor, a data acquisition system, and data processing software, and can monitor the tilt of the structure in real time. In slope monitoring, an inclinometer is a commonly used monitoring device that can effectively assist engineers in monitoring the stability of slopes and taking timely measures to prevent disasters such as slope landslides.

[0003] Existing clinometers for slope monitoring can only monitor the inclination in a specified direction and need to be installed in cooperation with an inclined tube with a guide groove during installation, unable to obtain omnidirectional landslide direction monitoring, and there will be a distorted installation error when inserted into the hole; there is also a sectional inclinometer that can detect from three dimensions and is connected in a sectional manner, which can be installed section by section at the monitoring hole opening for easy carrying, but there is an error in detecting the absolute inclination of the two sections and then calculating the overall bending of the inclinometer due to the flexible joint in the middle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide an inclinometer for monitoring the deep horizontal displacement of a foundation pit; the inclinometer includes at least one segment assembly, and the segment assembly includes a proximal segment close to the ground surface in the working state and a distal segment far from the ground surface in the working state. The proximal segment and the distal segment are circular tubes axially connected end to end; at least three pressure sensors are provided at the connection part between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the pressure sensors are used to monitor the contact pressure between the proximal segment and the distal segment; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively inclined, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor can be used to calculate the relative bending angle and the bending direction between the proximal segment and the distal segment;

[0005] An anti-torsion assembly is further provided between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the anti-torsion assembly is used to prevent torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment; the anti-torsion assembly includes an anti-torsion ring coaxial with the proximal segment and the distal segment. The anti-torsion ring is hinged to the proximal segment, and an x hinge axis is provided at the hinge part; the anti-torsion ring is hinged to the distal segment, and a y hinge axis is provided at the hinge part; the axial directions of the x hinge axis and the y hinge axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0006] Preferably, the proximal segment includes a proximal outer tube, and the distal segment includes a distal outer tube. The pressure sensor is disposed at an end of the distal outer tube close to the proximal segment, and an end of the proximal outer tube close to the distal segment is connected to the pressure sensor;

[0007] When the proximal segment and the distal segment are bent relative to each other, the x hinge axis and / or the y hinge axis rotates. The pressure value detected by the pressure sensor near the inner side of the bend increases. The angle and direction of the relative bend between the proximal segment and the distal segment can be calculated by detecting the magnitude of the pressure value through multiple pressure sensors. When the proximal segment and the distal segment are twisted relative to each other, the x hinge axis and the y hinge axis cannot be bent, thereby preventing the proximal segment and the distal segment from twisting relative to each other.

[0008] Preferably, the proximal segment further includes a proximal inner tube, and the distal segment further includes a distal inner tube. The proximal inner tube is disposed inside the proximal outer tube and connected to the proximal outer tube. The distal inner tube is disposed inside the distal outer tube and connected to the distal outer tube. The signal transmission cable of the pressure sensor is connected to the ground through the inside of the distal inner tube and the inside of the proximal inner tube;

[0009] The distal inner tube extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube. The anti-torsion assembly is disposed between the distal inner tube and the proximal outer tube. The anti-torsion ring is disposed outside the distal inner tube and inside the proximal outer tube. The x hinge axis connects the anti-torsion ring and the proximal outer tube, and the y hinge axis connects the anti-torsion ring and the distal inner tube.

[0010] Preferably, the inclinometer includes a plurality of segment components, and the segment components are connected end to end in sequence. In the working state, the distal segment of the segment component close to the ground surface is connected to the proximal segment of the adjacent segment component;

[0011] A proximal connector is disposed on the proximal segment, and a distal connector is disposed on the distal segment. After the segment component is connected to the adjacent segment component, the proximal connector is connected to the distal connector. The pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors of each segment component connected to the proximal connector of the segment component close to the ground surface in the working state can be obtained.

[0012] Preferably, the proximal connector includes a proximal connection terminal and a proximal connection slot, and the distal connector includes a distal connection terminal and a distal connection plug. The proximal connection terminal and the distal connection terminal are mutually matched, and the proximal connection terminal and the distal connection terminal can be plugged into each other. After being plugged into each other, the electrical signals at both ends are conducted;

[0013] The proximal connection slot and the distal connection plug are used to limit the connection of two segment components to be only connected at a preset angle. At the preset angle, the x hinge axes of the mutually connected segment components are parallel to each other, and the y hinge axes are parallel to each other; and the angle of the relative bend between the proximal segment and the distal segment measured by the pressure sensor of the segment component and the direction of the bend are based on the same reference system.

[0014] Preferably, the inclinometer further includes a communication segment capable of being connected to the proximal connector, and the communication segment is connected to the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the ground in the working state; the communication segment further includes a signal cable and a direction marker. The signal cable can acquire the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors of the segment assemblies connected thereto; the direction marker is used to mark the reference direction of the bending direction measured by the pressure sensors of the segment assemblies connected thereto.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the proximal segment is provided with an external thread, and the end of the distal segment is provided with an internal threaded cylinder. The internal threaded cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the distal outer tube. The end of the distal outer tube is provided with an outward first step, and the end of the internal threaded cylinder is provided with an inward second step. The first step and the second step can limit the internal threaded cylinder from detaching from the end of the distal outer tube; the internal threaded cylinder and the distal outer tube can rotate relative to each other and move axially; the inner wall of the internal threaded cylinder is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread at the end of the proximal segment;

[0016] When two segment assemblies are connected to each other, the proximal connector and the distal connector are connected to each other, and then the internal threaded cylinder is connected to the external thread at the end of the proximal segment of the adjacent segment assembly to fix the relative positions of the two segment assemblies.

[0017] Preferably, the proximal outer tube includes a main body part and an extension part, and the main body part and the extension part are connected by threads; the extension part is connected to the pressure sensor; the distal inner tube extends into the extension part, and the torsion-resistant assembly is arranged inside the extension part.

[0018] Preferably, an upper pressure ring is arranged inside the main body part of the proximal outer tube. The proximal inner tube passes through the upper pressure ring, and the upper pressure ring connects the proximal inner tube and the proximal outer tube; the bottom of the upper pressure ring is provided with a first tapered part;

[0019] A lower pressure ring is arranged inside the extension part of the proximal outer tube. A tapered hole penetrating through the lower pressure ring is arranged at the center of the lower pressure ring, and the tapered angle of the tapered hole matches the tapered angle of the first tapered part; a first flexible connection ring is arranged at the connection part of the proximal inner tube and the distal inner tube. One end of the first flexible connection ring is between the tapered hole and the first tapered part, and the other end of the first flexible connection ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the distal inner tube. The first flexible connection ring is used for dust and water prevention at the connection part of the proximal inner tube and the distal inner tube.

[0020] Preferably, the end of the distal outer tube connected to the proximal outer tube is provided with a third step, and the outer diameter of the third step is smaller than the outer diameter of the distal outer tube; a hard circular ring and a flexible circular ring are sleeved on the outside of the third step. The hard circular ring and the flexible circular ring are arranged axially along the third step, and the hard circular ring is arranged between the pressure sensor and the flexible circular ring; the extension part abuts against the flexible circular ring;

[0021] The distal outer tube is threadedly connected to the third step; a second flexible connection ring is sleeved outside the extension part, one end of the second flexible connection ring is connected to the threaded connection part of the main body part and the extension part, and the other end of the second flexible connection ring is connected to the threaded connection part of the distal outer tube and the third step;

[0022] The threaded connection parts of the main body part and the extension part, and the threaded connection parts of the distal outer tube and the third step are respectively provided with pressing sheets. The pressing sheets are made of flexible materials. The rotating threaded parts can clamp the pressing sheets, and the pressing sheets are used to clamp both ends of the second flexible connection ring;

[0023] The pressing sheets are provided with anti-rotation blocks protruding outward, and both ends of the second flexible connection ring are provided with anti-rotation grooves recessed inward; the anti-rotation blocks can be inserted into the anti-rotation grooves, and the anti-rotation blocks and the anti-rotation grooves are used to prevent the relative rotation of the pressing sheets and the second flexible connection ring.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an inclinometer adopts an omnidirectional four-axis structure of a gyroscope to limit the circumferential rotation of two segments along the axis relative to each other, so as to make it as much as possible to rotate relative to the axis; the pressure sensor detects the magnitude of the extrusion force when the two segments rotate relative to each other and converts it into the angle when they rotate relative to each other; one segment has a rotatable joint, and the two segments can be connected and fixed to each other, and the circumferential angle correspondence relationship is unique when connected, so as to improve the measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] This disclosure includes the accompanying drawings of the specification, which should be regarded as being included in the specification and constituting a part of the specification, and together with the specification show various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of this disclosure, and are used to explain the principles of this disclosure. The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings. Among them:

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a segment assembly of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a partial enlarged view of part B in;

[0030] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a partial enlarged view of part C in;

[0031] Figure 6It is a cross-sectional view of a segment component of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view at position D in

[0033] Figure 8 It is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view at position E in

[0034] Figure 9 It is Figure 6 a partial enlarged view at position F in

[0035] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of a proximal connector of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of an extension part of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of a distal connector of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 It is an exploded view of a connection part between a proximal segment and a distal segment of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 It is Figure 13 a partial enlarged view at position G in

[0040] Wherein: pressure sensor 10, anti-torsion ring 11, x hinge shaft 12, y hinge shaft 13, proximal outer tube 14, distal outer tube 15, proximal inner tube 16, distal inner tube 17, proximal connection terminal 21, proximal connection slot 22, distal connection terminal 23, distal connection plug 24, communication segment 31, direction mark 32, internal thread cylinder 33, first step 34, second step 35, extension part 41, upper pressure ring 42, lower pressure ring 43, first flexible connection ring 44, third step 51, hard circular ring 52, flexible circular ring 53, pressing piece 54, anti-rotation block 55, anti-rotation groove 56, second flexible connection ring 57. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0042] Inclinometer is an instrument used to monitor the deformation of engineering structures such as slopes and retaining walls. It determines whether the structural object has tilted or displaced by measuring the inclination angle of the structural object, so as to timely discover and warn of possible safety hazards. Inclinometers are usually composed of sensors, data acquisition systems and data processing software, which can monitor the inclination of structural objects in real time. In slope monitoring, inclinometers are a commonly used monitoring equipment that can effectively help engineering personnel monitor the stability of the slope and take timely measures to prevent landslides and other disasters from occurring on the slope.

[0043] The existing inclinometers used for slope monitoring can only monitor the inclination in a specified direction. When installed, they need to be installed with an inclined tube with a guide groove. It is impossible to obtain omnidirectional landslide direction monitoring, and there will be twisting installation errors when installed in the hole. There is also a segmented inclinometer that can detect from three dimensions and adopts a segmented connection method. It can be installed section by section at the monitoring hole for easy carrying. However, the flexible section connection in the middle causes errors when detecting the absolute inclination of the two segments and then calculating the overall bending of the inclinometer.

[0044] In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an inclinometer for monitoring deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits; the inclinometer includes at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly includes a proximal segment close to the ground surface in a working state, and a distal segment far from the ground surface in a working state, the proximal segment and the distal segment are circular tubes connected by axial tails; at least three pressure sensors 10 are provided at the connection part of the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the pressure sensor 10 is used to monitor the contact pressure between the proximal segment and the distal segment; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively inclined, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 10 can be used to infer the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment;

[0045] An anti-torsion component is also arranged between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and the anti-torsion component is used to prevent twisting between the proximal segment and the distal segment; the anti-torsion component includes an anti-torsion ring 11 coaxial with the proximal segment and the distal segment, the anti-torsion ring 11 is hinged to the proximal segment, and the hinged portion is provided with an x-hinge axis 12; the anti-torsion ring 11 is hinged to the distal segment, and the hinged portion is provided with a y-hinge axis 13; the axial directions of the x-hinge axis 12 and the y-hinge axis 13 are perpendicular to each other.

[0046] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6As shown, the segment assembly is used to monitor the stability inside the slope. The proximal segment is set at a position close to the ground surface inside the soil, and the distal segment is set at a position far from the ground surface inside the soil. After the soil slides, the included angle between the proximal segment and the distal segment changes. The pressure sensor 10 at the connection part of the proximal segment and the distal segment can monitor the magnitude and direction of the included angle change, and then provide early warning information for natural disasters.

[0047] In some embodiments, an angle early warning value can be set. After the angle of a certain segment assembly exceeds this safety threshold, an early warning signal is output.

[0048] The torsion-resistant assembly is used to prevent torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment. Torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment will cause errors in the monitoring of the angle change direction. When the segment assembly is installed underground, the installation direction has been calibrated with the direction of the real environment. After the direction calibration, the direction in which the segment assembly is bent can be mapped to the direction in the real world.

[0049] This calibration method can be to set a direction mark 32 on the proximal segment of the segment assembly close to the ground surface in the working state. When inserting the segment assembly into the ground surface, align this direction mark 32 with a preset direction, which can be an absolute direction such as due north or due south, or a relative direction such as directly facing the top or bottom of the slope.

[0050] The directions in which multiple pressure sensors 10 sense pressure have been calibrated in advance with the direction of the direction mark 32. Therefore, the segment assembly can monitor the magnitude and direction of the omnidirectional angle change in space.

[0051] The x hinge axis 12 and the y hinge axis 13 refer to establishing a space rectangular coordinate system at the center of the torsion-resistant ring 11. The z axis is parallel to the axes of the proximal segment and the distal segment. The axis of the x hinge axis 12 is parallel to the x axis, and the axis of the y hinge axis 13 is parallel to the y axis.

[0052] When a landslide occurs or there is a tendency of landslide, if the landslide direction is parallel to the x axis, then the segment assembly is bent or has a tendency to be bent, and the torsion-resistant ring 11 rotates around the y axis. Conversely, if the landslide direction is parallel to the y axis, then the segment assembly is bent or has a tendency to be bent, and the torsion-resistant ring 11 rotates around the x axis. In addition, if the landslide direction has both x and y directions, then the torsion-resistant ring 11 swings.

[0053] If torsion occurs between the proximal segment and the distal segment, torsion means relative rotation between the proximal segment and the distal segment around the z-axis direction. Torsion is meaningless for landslide monitoring and will cause errors in the monitoring of the bending angle. The torsion-resistant ring 11 is used to prevent torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment.

[0054] Further, the proximal segment includes a proximal outer tube 14, and the distal segment includes a distal outer tube 15. The pressure sensor 10 is disposed on the end of the distal outer tube 15 near the proximal segment, and the end of the proximal outer tube 14 near the distal segment is connected to the pressure sensor 10;

[0055] When the proximal segment and the distal segment are bent relative to each other, the x hinge axis 12 and / or the y hinge axis 13 rotates. The pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 near the inner side of the bend increases, and the angle and direction of the relative bend between the proximal segment and the distal segment can be calculated by detecting the magnitude of the pressure value by a plurality of pressure sensors 10; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are twisted relative to each other, the x hinge axis 12 and the y hinge axis 13 cannot be bent, thereby preventing the proximal segment and the distal segment from being twisted relative to each other.

[0056] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the proximal outer tube 14 and the distal outer tube 15 are cylindrical and hollow inside. The pressure sensor 10 is disposed on the end of the distal outer tube 15 near the proximal segment. As Figure 11 shown, an annular PCB board is disposed inside the distal outer tube 15. The axis of the annular PCB board is collinear with the axis of the distal outer tube 15. A plurality of pressure sensors 10 are distributed in a ring on the annular PCB board. The pressure sensor 10 contacts the proximal outer tube 14. Bending between the proximal segment and the distal segment will cause the pressure on the inner side of the bent portion to increase and the pressure on the outer side to decrease. The angle and direction of the relative bend between the proximal segment and the distal segment are calculated by detecting the magnitude of the pressure value by a plurality of pressure sensors 10.

[0057] Further, the proximal segment further includes a proximal inner tube 16, and the distal segment further includes a distal inner tube 17; the proximal inner tube 16 is disposed inside the proximal outer tube 14 and is connected to the proximal outer tube 14, and the distal inner tube 17 is disposed inside the distal outer tube 15 and is connected to the distal outer tube 15; the signal transmission cable of the pressure sensor 10 is connected to the ground through the inside of the distal inner tube 17 and the inside of the proximal inner tube 16;

[0058] The distal inner tube 17 extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube 14. The anti-torsion assembly is disposed between the distal inner tube 17 and the proximal outer tube 14. The anti-torsion ring 11 is disposed outside the distal inner tube and inside the proximal outer tube 14; the x hinge axis 12 connects the anti-torsion ring 11 and the proximal outer tube 14, and the y hinge axis 13 connects the anti-torsion ring 11 and the distal inner tube 17.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, both the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 are cylindrical and hollow inside. The proximal inner tube 16 is sleeved inside the proximal outer tube 14, and the proximal inner tube 16 is coaxial with the proximal outer tube 14; the distal inner tube 17 is sleeved inside the distal outer tube 15, and the distal inner tube 17 is coaxial with the distal outer tube 15.

[0060] The signal transmission cable of the force sensor is connected to the ground through the inside of the distal inner tube 17 and the inside of the proximal inner tube 16. In some embodiments, the annular PCB board functions as a cable gathering component, and the cables of the PCB pass through the distal inner tube 17 and the proximal inner tube 16 and are connected to the ground. The ground can be connected to a communication device to send the sensor signal outward.

[0061] In some embodiments, the distal inner tube 17 extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube 14, and the anti-torsion assembly is arranged between the distal inner tube 17 and the proximal outer tube 14. The anti-torsion ring 11 is arranged on the outer side of the distal inner tube and the inner side of the proximal outer tube 14.

[0062] Further, the inclinometer includes a plurality of segment components, and the segment components are connected end to end in sequence. In the working state, the distal segment of the segment component close to the ground surface is connected to the proximal segment of the adjacent segment component;

[0063] A proximal connector is arranged on the proximal segment, and a distal connector is arranged on the distal segment; after the segment component is connected to the adjacent segment component, the proximal connector is connected to the distal connector, and the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors 10 of each segment component connected thereto can be obtained through the proximal connector of the segment component close to the ground surface in the working state.

[0064] In this embodiment, the inclinometer includes a plurality of segment components. For a slope with a complex structure, such as a slope with a large volume and multiple internal layers, one segment component can monitor the inclination of one position. Multiple segment components can monitor the inclination of multiple positions in the vertical direction.

[0065] The multiple segment components are connected end to end in sequence. In the working state, the distal segment of the segment component close to the ground surface is connected to the proximal segment of the adjacent segment component. The proximal connector and the distal connector can, on the one hand, fix the relative positions of the two connected segment components, and on the other hand, can also connect the electrical signals of the two segment components. Among the connected multiple segment components, the signals of all the pressure sensors 10 in these segment components can be obtained through any one segment component.

[0066] In some embodiments, each segment has a unique identification code, and the identification code of the next segment can be read and then synchronously uploaded to the server.

[0067] After installation, perform direction measurement on the segment closest to the ground, and record its relative or absolute angle to monitor the entire area when multiple sets of measuring devices are installed in the area to be measured.

[0068] In some embodiments, each segment component may include a processing module for storing the identification code of the segment. The segment components can transmit the signals of the pressure sensor 10 through the CAN bus protocol. The CAN bus protocol is a communication protocol for controller area networks. It is a serial communication protocol for data transmission between different devices.

[0069] By calculating and simulating the inclination of the segment based on the length, angle, and direction information of each segment component, it is possible to monitor the detection position in real time and omni-directionally.

[0070] Furthermore, the proximal connector includes a proximal connection terminal 21 and a proximal connection slot 22, and the distal connector includes a distal connection terminal 23 and a distal connection plug 24; the proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 are mutually matched, and the proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 can be plugged into each other, and the electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other;

[0071] The proximal connection slot 22 and the distal connection plug 24 are used to limit the connection of two segment components to be only at a preset angle. At the preset angle, the x hinge axes 12 of the mutually connected segment components are parallel to each other, and the y hinge axes 13 are parallel to each other; and the angles and directions of relative bending of the proximal segment and the distal segment measured by the pressure sensor 10 of the segment component are based on the same reference system.

[0072] In this embodiment, as Figure 10 、 Figure 12 shown, the proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 are mutually matched electrical signal connectors. The proximal connection terminal 21 and the distal connection terminal 23 can be plugged into each other, and the electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other. The position of the proximal connection slot 22 matches the position of the distal connection plug 24. Only when two segment components are connected at a preset angle can the distal connection plug 24 be connected to the proximal connection slot 22. The preset angle means that the x axes of the spatial rectangular coordinate systems of two mutually connected segment components are parallel to each other and the y axes are parallel to each other.

[0073] The proximal connector and the distal connector can keep the mutually connected segment components at the same angle in the circumferential direction. The inclination directions monitored by all segment components are related to the direction of the direction mark 32, and thus the overall sliding tendency of the slope can be obtained through the signals of the pressure sensors 10 of multiple segment components.

[0074] Further, the inclinometer further includes a communication segment 31 capable of being connected to the proximal connector. The communication segment 31 is connected to the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the ground in the working state. The communication segment 31 further includes a signal cable and a direction marker 32. The signal cable can acquire the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors 10 of the segment assemblies connected thereto. The direction marker 32 is used to mark the reference direction of the direction in which the pressure sensors 10 of the segment assemblies connected thereto calculate the bending.

[0075] In this embodiment, the communication segment 31 is connected to the ground. The communication segment 31 is used to acquire the signals of the pressure sensors 10 of multiple segment assemblies connected thereto and send these signals outward. It can convert the communication protocol and send the information to the server through means such as the network and Bluetooth, and the server side performs unified calculation and early warning.

[0076] Further, the end of the proximal segment is provided with an external thread, and the end of the distal segment is provided with an internal thread cylinder 33. The internal thread cylinder 33 is sleeved on the outside of the distal outer tube 15. The end of the distal outer tube 15 is provided with an outward first step 34, and the end of the internal thread cylinder 33 is provided with an inward second step 35. The first step 34 and the second step 35 can limit the internal thread cylinder 33 from detaching from the end of the distal outer tube 15. The internal thread cylinder 33 and the distal outer tube 15 can rotate relative to each other and move axially. The inner wall of the internal thread cylinder 33 is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread at the end of the proximal segment.

[0077] When two segment assemblies are connected to each other, the proximal connector and the distal connector are connected to each other, and then the internal thread cylinder 33 is connected to the external thread at the end of the proximal segment of the adjacent segment assembly to fix the relative positions of the two segment assemblies.

[0078] In this embodiment, a method for assembling the segment assembly is provided. The internal thread cylinder 33 can rotate freely relative to the distal segment. Rotate the internal thread cylinder 33 to the external thread part of the proximal segment of the adjacent segment, and continuously rotate the internal thread cylinder 33 until the first step 34 abuts against the second step 35 to connect the two segment assemblies.

[0079] Further, the proximal outer tube 14 includes a main body part and an extension part 41. The main body part and the extension part 41 are connected by threads. The extension part 41 is connected to the pressure sensor 10. The distal inner tube 17 extends into the extension part, and the torsion-resistant assembly is arranged in the extension part 41.

[0080] In this embodiment, as Figure 13 、 Figure 14 shown, the extension part 41 mainly facilitates the installation of the torsion-resistant assembly.

[0081] In some embodiments, an upper pressing ring 42 is disposed inside the main body portion of the proximal outer tube 14. The proximal inner tube 16 passes through the upper pressing ring 42, and the upper pressing ring 42 connects the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14. A first tapered portion is provided at the bottom of the upper pressing ring 42.

[0082] A lower pressing ring 43 is disposed inside the extending portion 41 of the proximal outer tube 14. A tapered hole penetrating through the lower pressing ring 43 is provided at the center of the lower pressing ring 43, and the tapered angle of the tapered hole matches that of the first tapered portion. A first flexible connection ring 44 is provided at the connection portion between the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17. One end of the first flexible connection ring 44 is between the tapered hole and the first tapered portion, and the other end of the first flexible connection ring 44 is sleeved on the outer wall of the distal inner tube 17. The first flexible connection ring 44 is used for dust and water prevention at the connection portion between the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17.

[0083] The proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 are not directly connected, and there is a distance between the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 in the axial direction. The first flexible connection ring 44 is used to close the gap between the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17 to prevent water vapor and dust from entering the interiors of the proximal inner tube 16 and the distal inner tube 17.

[0084] The angle of the first tapered portion on the lower surface of the upper pressing ring 42 matches that of the tapered hole on the upper surface of the lower pressing ring 43. After connecting the extending portion 41 and the main body portion, the upper end of the first flexible connection ring 44 can be firmly pressed between the upper pressing ring 42 and the lower pressing ring 43.

[0085] In some embodiments, a connection ring is provided between the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14, and the connection ring is used to fix the relative position and relative angle between the proximal inner tube 16 and the proximal outer tube 14. A connection ring is provided between the distal inner tube 17 and the distal outer tube 15, and the connection ring is used to fix the relative position and relative angle between the distal inner tube 17 and the distal outer tube 15.

[0086] Furthermore, a third step 51 is provided at the end of the distal outer tube 15 connected to the proximal outer tube 14, and the outer diameter of the third step 51 is smaller than the outer diameter of the distal outer tube 15. A rigid circular ring 52 and a flexible circular ring 53 are sleeved outside the third step 51. The rigid circular ring 52 and the flexible circular ring 53 are arranged along the axis of the third step 51, and the rigid circular ring 52 is disposed between the pressure sensor 10 and the flexible circular ring 53. The extending portion 41 abuts against the flexible circular ring 53.

[0087] The distal outer tube 15 is threadedly connected to the third step 51. A second flexible connection ring 57 is sleeved outside the extending portion 41. One end of the second flexible connection ring 57 is connected to the threaded connection portion between the main body portion and the extending portion 41, and the other end of the second flexible connection ring 57 is connected to the threaded connection portion between the distal outer tube 15 and the third step 51.

[0088] The threaded connection parts of the main body part and the extension part 41, and the threaded connection part of the distal outer tube 15 and the third step 51 are respectively provided with pressing sheets 54. The pressing sheets 54 are made of flexible materials. The rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing sheets 54, and the pressing sheets 54 are used to clamp both ends of the second flexible connection ring 57.

[0089] The pressing sheet 54 is provided with anti-rotation blocks 55 protruding outwards, and both ends of the second flexible connection ring 57 are provided with anti-rotation grooves 56 indented inwards. The anti-rotation blocks 55 can be inserted into the anti-rotation grooves 56, and the anti-rotation blocks 55 and the anti-rotation grooves 56 are used to prevent the relative rotation between the pressing sheet 54 and the second flexible connection ring 57.

[0090] The rigid circular ring 52 is made of a hard material and is not easily deformed, and can conduct the acting force evenly. The flexible circular ring 53 is made of a soft material and can be deformed after being subjected to an external force. The flexible arc is used to keep the proximal outer tube 14 in contact with the rigid circular ring 52, and the rigid circular ring 52 is used to evenly conduct the pressure generated by the bending to the plurality of pressure sensors 10.

[0091] The pressing sheet 54 can be made of a flexible material such as rubber. The rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing sheet 54, causing the pressing sheet 54 to deform. On the one hand, it can closely fit the second flexible circular ring 53, and on the other hand, it can seal the gap of the threaded connection part, playing a role in waterproofing and dustproofing.

[0092] As Figure 14 shown, the anti-rotation blocks 55 can be clamped in the anti-rotation grooves 56, and the anti-rotation blocks 55 and the anti-rotation grooves 56 are used to prevent the relative rotation between the pressing sheet 54 and the second flexible connection ring 57. The anti-rotation blocks 55 and the anti-rotation grooves 56 can prevent the relative rotation between the pressing sheet 54 and the second flexible connection ring 57 when the threaded connection part is rotated, thereby generating a large frictional force and making it difficult to rotate the threaded connection part.

[0093] The above has described the various embodiments disclosed in the present invention. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. That is to say, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and improvements to the present invention in form and detail, and these are all considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the various embodiments, the actual application or the improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An inclinometer for monitoring deep horizontal displacement of foundation pits; characterized in that: The inclinometer comprises at least one segment assembly, the segment assembly comprising a proximal segment close to the ground surface in a working state, and a distal segment far from the ground surface in a working state, the proximal segment and the distal segment being circular tubes connected axially at the end; at least three pressure sensors (10) are provided at the connection between the proximal segment and the distal segment, the pressure sensors (10) being used to monitor the contact pressure between the proximal segment and the distal segment; when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively inclined, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor (10) can be used to infer the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment; An anti-torsion component is also provided between the proximal segment and the distal segment, and is used to prevent torsion between the proximal segment and the distal segment; the anti-torsion component comprises an anti-torsion ring (11) coaxial with the proximal segment and the distal segment, the anti-torsion ring (11) is hinged to the proximal segment, and the hinge portion is provided with an x ​​hinge axis (12); the anti-torsion ring (11) is hinged to the distal segment, and the hinge portion is provided with a y hinge axis (13); the axial directions of the x hinge axis (12) and the y hinge axis (13) are perpendicular to each other; The proximal segment comprises a proximal outer tube (14), the distal segment comprises a distal outer tube (15), the pressure sensor (10) is arranged on the distal outer tube (15) at an end close to the proximal segment, and the end of the proximal outer tube (14) close to the distal segment is connected to the pressure sensor (10); When the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively bent, the x-articulated axis (12) and / or the y-articulated axis (13) rotate, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (10) close to the inner side of the bend increases. The angle and direction of the relative bending of the proximal segment and the distal segment can be inferred by detecting the pressure values ​​by a plurality of pressure sensors (10); when the proximal segment and the distal segment are relatively twisted, the x-articulated axis (12) and the y-articulated axis (13) cannot be bent, thereby preventing the proximal segment and the distal segment from being relatively twisted; The proximal segment further comprises a proximal inner tube (16), and the distal segment further comprises a distal inner tube (17); the proximal inner tube (16) is arranged inside the proximal outer tube (14) and connected to the proximal outer tube (14), and the distal inner tube (17) is arranged inside the distal outer tube (15) and connected to the distal outer tube (15); the signal transmission cable of the pressure sensor (10) is connected to the ground through the interior of the distal inner tube (17) and the interior of the proximal inner tube (16); The distal inner tube (17) extends into the bottom of the proximal outer tube (14); the anti-torsion assembly is arranged between the distal inner tube (17) and the proximal outer tube (14); the anti-torsion ring (11) is arranged on the outer side of the distal inner tube and the inner side of the proximal outer tube (14); the x-articulated shaft (12) connects the anti-torsion ring (11) and the proximal outer tube (14); and the y-articulated shaft (13) connects the anti-torsion ring (11) and the distal inner tube (17).

2. An inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclinometer comprises a plurality of segment assemblies, each segment assembly is connected end to end in sequence, and in a working state, a distal segment of a segment assembly close to the ground surface is connected to a proximal segment of an adjacent segment assembly; A proximal connector is provided on the proximal segment, and a distal connector is provided on the distal segment; after the segment assembly is connected to the adjacent segment assembly, the proximal connector is connected to the distal connector, and the pressure value information detected by the pressure sensors (10) of each segment assembly connected thereto can be obtained through the proximal connector of the segment assembly close to the ground surface in the working state.

3. An inclinometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The proximal connector comprises a proximal connection terminal (21) and a proximal connection slot (22), and the distal connector comprises a distal connection terminal (23) and a distal connection plug (24); the proximal connection terminal (21) and the distal connection terminal (23) match each other, the proximal connection terminal (21) and the distal connection terminal (23) can be plugged into each other, and electrical signals at both ends are conducted after being plugged into each other; The proximal connection slot (22) and the distal connection plug (24) are used to restrict the connection of the two segment components to a preset angle. At the preset angle, the x-articulation axes (12) of the segment components connected to each other are parallel to each other, and the y-articulation axes (13) are parallel to each other; and the relative bending angle and bending direction of the proximal segment and the distal segment measured by the pressure sensor (10) of the segment component are based on the same reference system.

4. An inclinometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclinometer further comprises a communication segment (31) capable of being connected to a proximal connector, wherein the communication segment (31) is connected to the proximal connector of a segment assembly close to the ground surface in a working state; the communication segment (31) further comprises a signal cable and a direction mark (32), wherein the signal cable is capable of obtaining pressure value information detected by a pressure sensor (10) of each segment assembly connected thereto; and the direction mark (32) is used to mark a reference direction for the pressure sensor (10) of each segment assembly connected thereto to measure a bending direction.

5. An inclinometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the proximal segment is provided with an external thread, and the end of the distal segment is provided with an internal thread barrel (33), the internal thread barrel (33) is sleeved on the outside of the distal outer tube (15), the end of the distal outer tube (15) is provided with a first outward step (34), and the end of the internal thread barrel (33) is provided with a second inward step (35), the first step (34) and the second step (35) can limit the internal thread barrel (33) from detaching from the end of the distal outer tube (15); the internal thread barrel (33) and the distal outer tube (15) can rotate relative to each other and move axially; the inner wall of the internal thread barrel (33) is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread at the end of the proximal segment; When two segment assemblies are connected to each other, the proximal connector and the distal connector are connected to each other, and then the internal threaded barrel (33) is connected to the external thread of the proximal segment end of the adjacent segment assembly to fix the relative positions of the two segment assemblies.

6. An inclinometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal outer tube (14) comprises a main body portion and an extension portion (41), the main body portion and the extension portion (41) being connected via threads; the extension portion (41) is connected to the pressure sensor (10); the distal inner tube (17) extends into the extension portion, and the anti-torsion assembly is arranged in the extension portion (41).

7. An inclinometer according to claim 6, characterized in that: An upper pressure ring (42) is arranged inside the main body of the proximal outer tube (14), the proximal inner tube (16) passes through the upper pressure ring (42), and the upper pressure ring (42) connects the proximal inner tube (16) and the proximal outer tube (14); a first conical portion is arranged at the bottom of the upper pressure ring (42); A lower pressure ring (43) is arranged inside the extension part (41) of the proximal outer tube (14), and a tapered hole penetrating the lower pressure ring (43) is arranged at the center of the lower pressure ring (43), and the tapered hole matches the tapered angle of the first tapered portion; a first flexible connecting ring (44) is arranged at the connection part of the proximal inner tube (16) and the distal inner tube (17), one end of the first flexible connecting ring (44) is between the tapered hole and the first tapered portion, and the other end of the first flexible connecting ring (44) is sleeved on the outer wall of the distal inner tube (17), and the first flexible connecting ring (44) is used for dustproof and waterproofing of the connection part of the proximal inner tube (16) and the distal inner tube (17).

8. An inclinometer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end portion of the distal outer tube (15) connected to the proximal outer tube (14) is provided with a third step (51), the outer diameter of the third step (51) being smaller than the outer diameter of the distal outer tube (15); a hard circular ring (52) and a flexible circular ring (53) are sleeved on the outer side of the third step (51), the hard circular ring (52) and the flexible circular ring (53) being arranged axially along the third step (51), the hard circular ring (52) being arranged between the pressure sensor (10) and the flexible circular ring (53); and the extension portion (41) abuts against the flexible circular ring (53); The distal outer tube (15) is connected to the third step (51) by means of a thread; a second flexible connection ring (57) is sleeved on the outer side of the extension portion (41); one end of the second flexible connection ring (57) is connected to the threaded connection portion between the main body portion and the extension portion (41), and the other end of the second flexible connection ring (57) is connected to the threaded connection portion between the distal outer tube (15) and the third step (51); The threaded connection parts of the main body part and the extension part (41), and the threaded connection parts of the distal outer tube (15) and the third step (51) are respectively provided with pressing sheets (54), the pressing sheets (54) are made of a flexible material, and the rotating threaded part can clamp the pressing sheets (54), and the pressing sheets (54) are used to clamp the two ends of the second flexible connection ring (57); The pressing sheet (54) is provided with an outwardly protruding anti-rotation block (55), and both ends of the second flexible connecting ring (57) are provided with inwardly recessed anti-rotation grooves (56); the anti-rotation block (55) can be inserted into the anti-rotation groove (56), and the anti-rotation block (55) and the anti-rotation groove (56) are used to prevent the pressing sheet (54) and the second flexible connecting ring (57) from rotating relative to each other.

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