Wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar

Abstract

The invention discloses a visibility laser radar with switchable wavelength, which comprises a stand column, a rotating holder is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the stand column, an optical fiber radar square cabin is arranged on the rotating holder in a bearing manner, and an electric control device is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the stand column; a laser radar host is arranged in the optical fiber radar square cabin, the laser radar host comprises a light-operated base device, and a laser emission cylinder device and a signal receiving device are integrated on the light-operated base device; the signal receiving device comprises a signal receiving cylinder, a signal receiving lens, a light path switching adjusting block, a receiving light path collimating lens and a tail end focusing lens are sequentially distributed in the signal receiving cylinder along a signal receiving light path, and when the position of the light path switching adjusting block and the position of the receiving light path collimating lens are exchanged, the tail end focusing lens is focused on the light path switching adjusting block. The wavelength of the first detection laser received by the light-operated base device is adjusted, so that the receiving performance of the single-photon detector in the light-operated base device is improved, and the visibility detection precision of the optical fiber laser radar is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a visibility detection laser radar in the technical field of laser radars, and in particular to a visibility laser radar with switchable wavelengths. Background Art

[0002] Accurate measurement of meteorological visibility is crucial for aviation, transportation, weather warning and other fields. Existing visibility radars are affected by various objective factors and space penetration, and usually use infrared invisible light and 1064nm single wavelength laser energy signals for measurement. However, the single photon detectors currently available on the market have low receiving efficiency. When the wavelength reaches 1064nm, the receiving efficiency is less than 4%.

[0003] At the same time, the current urgent needs under the development of low-altitude economy, such as drone logistics and urban air traffic, put forward higher requirements for low-altitude environmental perception. Accurate low-altitude wind field and cloud height information is crucial to ensure flight safety, optimize flight paths and improve operational efficiency. Drone flight is greatly affected by wind speed and cloud layer, and requires real-time and accurate meteorological visibility data support. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to obtain meteorological visibility data in real time and accurately, the present invention provides a visibility laser radar with switchable wavelength.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar, the laser radar comprises a column fixedly connected to a bottom surface, a rotating platform is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the column, a fiber optic radar cabin is carried and arranged on the rotating platform, an electric control device is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the column, and the electric control device is electrically connected to the rotating platform respectively to adjust the scanning index of the rotating platform; A laser radar host is arranged inside the fiber optic radar cabin, and an optical signal transceiver window opposite to the laser radar host is arranged on the top of the fiber optic radar cabin; The laser radar host comprises a light control base device, on which a laser emitting tube device and a signal receiving device are integrated; a laser is installed on the light control base device, and the laser is used to generate a first detection laser; the signal receiving device comprises a signal receiving tube, in which a signal receiving lens, an optical path switching adjustment block, a receiving optical path collimating lens and a tail end focusing lens are sequentially distributed along the signal receiving optical path, and the tail end focusing lens is connected to the light control base device through an optical fiber; When the optical path switching adjustment block and the receiving optical path collimating lens are interchanged in position, the wavelength of the first detection laser received by the optical control base device is adjusted.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the laser emitting tube device includes a first fiber optic adapter plate for connecting the laser, a fiber optic light outlet docked with the first fiber optic adapter plate, a rotating adjustment frame fixedly connected to the first fiber optic adapter plate, a first guide rod installed on the rotating adjustment frame, a first light shielding cover tightly connected to the rotating adjustment frame, and a laser emitting tube fixedly connected to the first light shielding cover.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above solution, a first layer of optical path collimating lenses and a second layer of optical path collimating lenses are sequentially arranged in the laser emitting tube along the laser emitting optical path.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the signal receiving device also includes a guide post reference mounting seat fixedly connected to the signal receiving tube, a second guide rod installed on the guide post reference mounting seat, a second light shield tightly connected to one end of the guide post reference mounting seat, a displacement adjustment frame tightly connected to the other end of the guide post reference mounting seat, and a second fiber optic adapter plate fixedly connected to the displacement adjustment frame, and the second fiber optic adapter plate is connected to the light control base device via optical fiber.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above solution, a three-dimensional electronic compass and a temperature and humidity sensor are also provided on the top of the signal receiving tube.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above solution, the light control base device includes an optical substrate, on which the laser, the single photon detector and the acquisition card are integrated; the laser is connected to the laser emitting tube device through an optical fiber, and the single photon detector is connected to the acquisition card through an optical fiber; The top of the optical substrate is also integrated with an optical mounting base, a space heater, a temperature control module, a power module, a power detection module and a network camera; the optical mounting base is used to install the laser emitting tube device and the signal receiving device; A heat sink and a heat dissipation fan are integrated at the bottom of the optical substrate.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the electric control device includes an electric control box and an electric control board module arranged inside the electric control box, and the electric control board module integrates an electric control power supply module, a control module, a control display and a remote control module; a protective cover is provided on the top of the electric control box, and a protective antenna and a cable access port are provided on the side of the electric control box.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, an aviation plug is also provided at the bottom of the fiber optic radar cabin, a laser external power supply is hung on the side of the fiber optic radar cabin, and a protective cover is also attached to the side of the fiber optic radar cabin.

[0013] The wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The laser radar in the present application includes a column fixedly connected to the bottom surface, a rotating pan-tilt platform is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the column, a fiber optic radar cabin is supported on the rotating pan-tilt platform, an electric control device is fixedly arranged on the bottom of the column, and the electric control device is electrically connected to the rotating pan-tilt platform to adjust the scanning index of the rotating pan-tilt platform; a laser radar host is arranged inside the fiber optic radar cabin, and the laser radar host includes an optical control base device, on which a laser emitting tube device and a signal receiving device are integrated; the signal receiving device includes a signal receiving tube, and signal receiving lenses are sequentially distributed in the signal receiving tube along the signal receiving optical path. A mirror, an optical path switching adjustment block, a receiving optical path collimating lens and a tail end focusing lens, wherein the tail end focusing lens is connected to the optical control base device through an optical fiber; wherein, when the positions of the optical path switching adjustment block and the receiving optical path collimating lens are interchanged, the wavelength of the first detection laser received by the optical control base device is adjusted; in an embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the positions of the optical path switching adjustment block and the receiving optical path collimating lens on the signal receiving optical path, the wavelength of the first detection laser is adjusted, thereby improving the receiving performance of the single-photon detector in the optical control base device, and further improving the visibility detection accuracy of the optical fiber laser radar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the laser emitting tube device of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a laser emitting tube device of a wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a signal receiving device of a visibility laser radar with switchable wavelength according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a signal receiving device of a wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the optical control base device of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a front view of the optical control base device of the wavelength switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fiber optic radar cabin of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a fiber optic radar cabin of a wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Fig.10 This is a structural diagram of the electronic control board module of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.11 This is a structural diagram of the electronic control device of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the laser radar host of the wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 12 In the embodiment of the present application, a specific structure of a visibility laser radar with switchable wavelength is proposed, and the laser radar includes a column 12 fixedly connected to the bottom surface, a rotating platform 13 is fixedly arranged on the top of the column 12, and a fiber optic radar cabin 14 is carried on the rotating platform 13. An electric control device 11 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the column 12, and the electric control device 11 is electrically connected to the rotating platform 13 to adjust the scanning index of the rotating platform 13; A laser radar host 15 is arranged inside the fiber optic radar cabin 14, and an optical signal transceiver window 505 opposite to the laser radar host 15 is arranged on the top of the fiber optic radar cabin 14; The laser radar host 15 includes a light-controlled base device 403, on which a laser emitting tube device 401 and a signal receiving device 402 are integrated; a laser 305 is installed on the light-controlled base device 403, and the laser 305 is used to generate a first detection laser; the signal receiving device 402 includes a signal receiving tube 201, in which a signal receiving lens 202, an optical path switching adjustment block 204, a receiving optical path collimating lens 205, a filter 206 and a tail-end focusing lens 207 are sequentially distributed along the signal receiving optical path, and the tail-end focusing lens 207 is connected to the light-controlled base device 403 through an optical fiber; wherein, when the positions of the optical path switching adjustment block 204 and the receiving optical path collimating lens 205 are interchanged, the wavelength of the first detection laser reflected by the cloud layer and received by the light-controlled base device 403 is adjusted.

[0028] It is understandable that existing visibility radars are affected by various objective factors and space penetration, and usually use infrared invisible light, that is, a single wavelength 1064nm detection laser for measurement.

[0029] Specifically, the laser 305 generates a first detection laser with a wavelength of 1064nm, which is emitted into the atmosphere through the laser emitting tube device 401. The first detection laser enters the signal receiving device 402 after being reflected by the atmosphere. When the optical path switching adjustment block 204 and the receiving optical path collimating lens 205 are interchanged, the wavelength of the first detection laser reflected by the cloud layer and received by the optical control base device 403 is reduced to 1030nm. When the single-photon detector in the optical control base device 403 uses a 1030nm laser, the receiving performance is improved from 4% to about 8%, and when necessary, it can return to the previously used 1064nm laser, so that the two wavelengths can be flexibly switched.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, the wavelength of the first detection laser is adjusted by adjusting the optical path switching adjustment block and the position of the receiving optical path collimating lens on the signal receiving optical path, thereby improving the receiving performance of the single-photon detector in the optical control base device, and further improving the visibility detection accuracy of the fiber optic laser radar.

[0031] See also Figure 2-Figure 3 In one embodiment of the application, the laser emitting tube device 401 includes a first fiber optic adapter plate 105 for connecting the laser 305, a fiber optic light outlet 106 of the laser 305 docked with the first fiber optic adapter plate 105, a rotating adjustment frame 103 fixedly connected to the first fiber optic adapter plate 105, a first guide rod 104 installed on the rotating adjustment frame 103, a first light shielding cover 102 tightly connected to the rotating adjustment frame 103, and a laser emitting tube 101 fixedly connected to the first light shielding cover 102.

[0032] Among them, the laser emitting tube 101 is used to install the light-emitting lens group; the first light shield 102 is used to maintain the cleanliness of the optical fiber head at the optical fiber light outlet 106 to prevent dust from adhering to the optical fiber head and causing damage to the optical fiber head; the first guide rod 104 is used to adjust the position of the emission point of the first detection laser; the rotating adjustment frame 103 is used to adjust the length of the first guide rod 104.

[0033] The laser emitting tube device 401 also includes a first layer of optical path collimating lenses 108 and a second layer of optical path collimating lenses 110 arranged in sequence along the laser emitting optical path 107; the first layer of optical path collimating lenses 108 are also configured with a first layer of collimating lens pressure ring 109, and the second layer of optical path collimating lenses 110 are also configured with a second layer of collimating lens pressure ring 111.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, optical fiber is used to directly guide the first detection laser into the laser emitting tube device, eliminating the intermediate reflector guiding process, avoiding the light beam displacement phenomenon caused by the deformation of the positioning material, and making the use of the laser equipment more stable and no longer affected by the external environment.

[0035] See also Figure 4-Figure 5 In one application embodiment, the signal receiving device 402 also includes a guide post reference mounting seat 208 fixedly connected to the signal receiving tube 201, a second guide rod 213 mounted on the guide post reference mounting seat 208, a second light shield 212 tightly connected to one end of the guide post reference mounting seat 208, a displacement adjustment frame 209 tightly connected to the other end of the guide post reference mounting seat 208, and a second optical fiber adapter plate 211 fixedly connected to the displacement adjustment frame 209, and the second optical fiber adapter plate 211 is connected to the light control base device 403 through a receiving optical fiber 210; a three-dimensional electronic compass 214 and a temperature and humidity sensor 215 are also provided on the top of the signal receiving tube 201.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present application, the azimuth information and temperature and humidity information of the lidar can be obtained in real time through a three-dimensional electronic compass and a temperature and humidity sensor. Through a programmed scanning path, the three-dimensional extinction coefficient and particle size distribution of aerosols and clouds can be obtained, breaking through the limitations of traditional vertical fixed observations.

[0037] See also Figure 6-Figure 7 In one embodiment of the application, the light control base device 403 includes an optical substrate 301, on which a laser 305, a single photon detector 303 and a collection card 307 are integrated; the laser 305 is connected to the laser emitting tube device 401 through an optical fiber, and the single photon detector 303 is connected to the collection card 307 through an optical fiber; Specifically, the single photon detector 303 is connected to the signal receiving device 402 via an optical fiber, and collects the number of single photons in the echo signal reflected by the first detection laser through the cloud layer. The acquisition card 307 is used for collecting optical signals and processing data.

[0038] The top of the optical substrate 301 is also integrated with an optical mounting base 309, a space heater 302, a temperature control module 304, a power module 306, a power detection module 308 and a network camera 310; the optical mounting base 309 is used to install a laser emitting tube device 401 and a signal receiving device 402; the bottom of the optical substrate 301 is integrated with a heat sink 311 and a cooling fan 312.

[0039] Specifically, the power module 306 supplies power to the laser 305, the power detection module 308 is used to detect the operating power of the laser 305, the network camera 310 is used to monitor the front image of the fiber optic laser radar, and the heat sink 311 and the cooling fan 312 are used to export the heat inside the laser 305 and the fiber optic radar cabin 14.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the optical control base device ensures the stability of the laser operation and further improves the visibility detection accuracy of the fiber optic laser radar.

[0041] See also Figure 8-Figure 11 In one embodiment of the application, the electric control device 11 includes an electric control box 701 and an electric control board module 702 arranged inside the electric control box 701, and the electric control board module 702 integrates an electric control power supply module 601, a power supply filter 605, a control module 604, a control display 603, a wireless router 602 and a remote control module 606; a protective cover 703 is arranged on the top of the electric control box 701, and a protective antenna 704 and a cable access port 705 are arranged on the side of the electric control box 701.

[0042] Among them, the electronic control power supply module 601 supplies power to the entire electronic control device 11, the power supply filter 605 is used to filter the background harmonics in the electronic control power supply module 601, the control module 604 is electrically connected to the rotating pan-tilt head 13, and the control module 604 is also electrically connected to the acquisition card 307 for inverting the visibility of the atmosphere.

[0043] The fiber optic radar cabin 14 also includes a cabin shell 501, an aviation plug 502 is provided at the bottom of the cabin shell 501, a laser external power supply 503 is hung on the side of the cabin shell 501, and a protective cover 504 and an optical signal receiving and transmitting window 505 are also attached to the side of the cabin shell 501.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, an anti-reflection film is installed on the front and back sides of the optical signal transceiver window, and an anti-reflection coating with the same wavelength as the laser is provided on the transparent film, so as to improve the transmission and reception efficiency of the optical signal and shield the stray light signals of other wavelengths, thereby improving the visibility detection accuracy of the fiber optic laser radar.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wavelength-switchable visibility laser radar, characterized in that: The laser radar comprises a column fixedly connected to the bottom surface, a rotating platform is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the column, a fiber optic radar cabin is carried on the rotating platform, and an electric control device is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the column, and the electric control device is electrically connected to the rotating platform to adjust the scanning index of the rotating platform; A laser radar host is arranged inside the fiber optic radar cabin, and an optical signal transceiver window opposite to the laser radar host is arranged on the top of the fiber optic radar cabin; The laser radar host comprises a light control base device, on which a laser emitting tube device and a signal receiving device are integrated; a laser is installed on the light control base device, and the laser is used to generate a first detection laser; the signal receiving device comprises a signal receiving tube, in which a signal receiving lens, an optical path switching adjustment block, a receiving optical path collimating lens and a tail end focusing lens are sequentially distributed along the signal receiving optical path, and the tail end focusing lens is connected to the light control base device through an optical fiber; When the optical path switching adjustment block and the receiving optical path collimating lens are interchanged in position, the wavelength of the first detection laser received by the optical control base device is adjusted.

2. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser emitting tube device includes a first fiber optic adapter plate for connecting the laser, a fiber optic light outlet docked with the first fiber optic adapter plate, a rotating adjustment frame fixedly connected to the first fiber optic adapter plate, a first guide rod mounted on the rotating adjustment frame, a first light shielding cover tightly connected to the rotating adjustment frame, and a laser emitting tube fixedly connected to the first light shielding cover.

3. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The laser emitting tube is provided with a first layer of optical path collimating lenses and a second layer of optical path collimating lenses in sequence along the laser emitting optical path.

4. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal receiving device also includes a guide post reference mounting seat fixedly connected to the signal receiving tube, a second guide rod mounted on the guide post reference mounting seat, a second light shield tightly connected to one end of the guide post reference mounting seat, a displacement adjustment frame tightly connected to the other end of the guide post reference mounting seat, and a second optical fiber adapter plate fixedly connected to the displacement adjustment frame, wherein the second optical fiber adapter plate is connected to the light control base device via an optical fiber.

5. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A three-dimensional electronic compass and a temperature and humidity sensor are also arranged on the top of the signal receiving tube.

6. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical control base device comprises an optical substrate, on which the laser, the single photon detector and the acquisition card are integrated; the laser is connected to the laser emitting tube device via an optical fiber, and the single photon detector is connected to the acquisition card via an optical fiber; The top of the optical substrate is also integrated with an optical mounting base, a space heater, a temperature control module, a power module, a power detection module and a network camera; the optical mounting base is used to install the laser emitting tube device and the signal receiving device; A heat sink and a heat dissipation fan are integrated at the bottom of the optical substrate.

7. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric control device includes an electric control box and an electric control board module arranged inside the electric control box, and the electric control board module integrates an electric control power supply module, a control module, a control display and a remote control module; a protective cover is arranged on the top of the electric control box, and a protective antenna and a cable access port are arranged on the side of the electric control box.

8. The wavelength switchable visibility laser radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber optic radar cabin also includes a cabin shell, an aviation plug is provided at the bottom of the cabin shell, a laser external power supply is hung on the side of the cabin shell, and a protective cover is attached to the side of the cabin shell.

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