Modeling method and device of velocity model, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a modeling method and device of a velocity model, computer equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first optimized speed model corresponding to land according to first seismic data, and determining a second optimized speed model corresponding to ocean according to second seismic data; part of data is intercepted from the first optimization speed model and the second optimization speed model to serve as a third initial speed model corresponding to the sea-land transition zone, and after the third initial speed model is optimized, it can be ensured that the accuracy of the obtained third optimization speed model corresponding to the sea-land transition zone is high; and therefore, the imaging effect is relatively good when earthquake imaging is carried out on the sea-land transition zone subsequently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a velocity modeling method and device, computer equipment, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In the field of seismic exploration technology, the velocity model refers to the model in which the velocity of seismic wave propagation varies with the depth of the ground. The accuracy of the velocity model will affect the imaging accuracy of seismic imaging. An inaccurate velocity model will lead to inaccurate seismic imaging. In order to obtain high-quality seismic imaging profiles, the velocity model needs to be optimized to provide a velocity model that is as accurate as possible.

[0003] However, for complex terrain (for example, the land-sea transition zone), it is difficult to process the seismic data of the land-sea transition zone because there are usually many different types of seismic excitation points and many different types of seismic receiving points in the land-sea transition zone. This leads to poor optimization of the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and further leads to poor imaging effect in subsequent seismic imaging of the land-sea transition zone. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a velocity modeling method and device, a computer device, and a storage medium. The problem of poor imaging effect during seismic imaging in the sea-land transition zone can be solved. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, a method for modeling a velocity model is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquisition of seismic survey data;

[0007] Picking up first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the seismic exploration data, and determining a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data;

[0008] Picking up second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are in the ocean from the seismic exploration data, and determining a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data;

[0009] intercepting part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone;

[0010] The third initial velocity model is optimized to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0011] Optionally, the third initial velocity model is optimized to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, including:

[0012] The shallow velocity in the third initial velocity model is optimized by using a full waveform inversion method based on refraction waves, and the middle and deep velocity in the third initial velocity model is optimized by using a full waveform inversion method based on reflection waves, so as to obtain the third optimized velocity model.

[0013] Optionally, determining a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data includes:

[0014] Acquire a first initial velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data;

[0015] The shallow layer velocity in the first initial velocity model is optimized by using the tomographic inversion method constrained by micro-logging, and the medium and deep layer velocity in the first initial velocity model are optimized by using the layer-by-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method, so as to obtain the first optimized velocity model.

[0016] Optionally, determining a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data includes:

[0017] Acquire a second initial velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the ocean seismic data;

[0018] The shallow layer velocity in the second initial velocity model is filled with a preset velocity, and the middle and deep layer velocity in the second initial velocity model is optimized by using the layer-by-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method to obtain the second optimized velocity model.

[0019] Optionally, the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model are located in the same common center point gather; and part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is intercepted as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, comprising:

[0020] taking part of the data of the first optimized velocity model close to the second optimized velocity model along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as first parameter data;

[0021] taking part of the data of the second optimized velocity model close to the first optimized velocity model along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as second parameter data;

[0022] The first parameter data and the second parameter data are spliced ​​into the third initial velocity model.

[0023] Optionally, after acquiring the seismic exploration data, the method further includes:

[0024] The seismic exploration data is preprocessed, and the preprocessing includes: amplitude consistency processing, phase consistency processing and polarity consistency processing.

[0025] Optionally, after optimizing the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, the method further includes:

[0026] A final velocity model corresponding to the seismic exploration data is generated based on the first optimized velocity model, the second optimized velocity model, and the third optimized velocity model.

[0027] On the other hand, a modeling device for a velocity model is provided, the device comprising:

[0028] An acquisition module, used for acquiring seismic exploration data;

[0029] A first determination module is used to pick up first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the seismic exploration data, and determine a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data;

[0030] A second determination module is used to pick up second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are in the ocean from the seismic exploration data, and determine a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data;

[0031] An interception module, used for intercepting part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone;

[0032] The optimization module is used to optimize the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0033] On the other hand, a computer device is provided, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is stored, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a modeling method of a velocity model as described in any of the above.

[0034] On the other hand, a computer storage medium is provided, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is stored, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a modeling method of a velocity model as described in any of the above.

[0035] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application include at least:

[0036] The first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land can be determined according to the first seismic data, and the second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean can be determined according to the second seismic data. Since the accuracy of the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is relatively high, part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is intercepted as the third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and after the third initial velocity model is optimized, it can be ensured that the accuracy of the third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone is relatively high, thereby making the subsequent imaging effect of the land-sea transition zone better. Moreover, in this process, there is no need to process the complex seismic data obtained from a variety of different types of seismic excitation points and a variety of different types of seismic receiving points, which can effectively simplify the method of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and further improve the accuracy of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a modeling method of a velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a flow chart of another velocity model modeling method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a depth domain stacked section corresponding to a velocity model provided;

[0043] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a depth domain stacked section corresponding to another velocity model provided;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a block diagram of a modeling device of a velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a velocity modeling method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The velocity modeling method is applied in a computer device. The velocity modeling method may include:

[0047] Step 101: Obtain seismic exploration data.

[0048] Step 102: Pick up first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the seismic exploration data, and determine a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the data included in the first seismic data are all data acquired by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land, and the first seismic data does not include data acquired by the seismic excitation points arranged on land and the seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean, nor does it include data received by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean. Therefore, the difficulty of data processing of the first seismic data is relatively small, so that the accuracy of the first optimized velocity model determined based on the first seismic data is relatively high.

[0050] Step 103: Pick up second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are in the ocean from the seismic exploration data, and determine a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the data included in the second seismic data are all data acquired by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean, and the second seismic data does not include data acquired by the seismic excitation points arranged on land and the seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean, nor does it include data received by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land. Therefore, the difficulty of data processing of the second seismic data is relatively small, so that the second optimized velocity model determined based on the second seismic data here has a higher accuracy.

[0052] Step 104: extract part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0053] Step 105: Optimize the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0054] In summary, the modeling method of the velocity model provided in the embodiment of the present application can first determine the first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land according to the first seismic data, and determine the second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean according to the second seismic data. Since the accuracy of the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is relatively high, part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is intercepted as the third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and after the third initial velocity model is optimized, it can be ensured that the accuracy of the third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone is relatively high, thereby making the subsequent imaging effect of the land-sea transition zone better. Moreover, in this process, there is no need to process the complex seismic data obtained from a variety of different types of seismic excitation points and a variety of different types of seismic receiving points, which can effectively simplify the method of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and further improve the accuracy of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of another velocity modeling method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The velocity modeling method is applied in a computer device. The velocity modeling method may include:

[0056] Step 201: Acquire seismic exploration data.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the computer device may acquire seismic exploration data, wherein the seismic exploration data may include seismic exploration data acquired under different terrain and surface conditions.

[0058] For example, after the seismic excitation point emits seismic waves, multiple seismic receiving points set around the seismic excitation point, and the excitation point itself will receive seismic reflection waves. The computer device can obtain seismic reflection waves from multiple seismic wave receiving points (including: seismic excitation points, and multiple seismic receiving points set around the seismic excitation point), and generate seismic exploration data based on these seismic reflection waves. It should be noted that the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points in the present application can be set on land or in the ocean. Among them, the seismic excitation points set on land usually use explosive explosions to excite seismic waves; the seismic excitation points set in the ocean usually use air guns to emit seismic waves. The seismic receiving points set on land are also commonly referred to as land inspection receiving points, and the seismic receiving points set in the ocean usually include submarine nodes and submarine cables, etc.

[0059] Step 202: preprocess the acquired seismic exploration data to obtain preprocessed seismic exploration data.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device acquires the seismic exploration data, the computer device may preprocess the seismic exploration data to obtain preprocessed seismic exploration data.

[0061] For example, preprocessing may include: amplitude consistency processing, phase consistency processing and polarity consistency processing. Since part of the seismic exploration data in the present application is data acquired by seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land, and the other part of the data is data acquired by seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean. There may be certain differences between the data acquired by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land and the data acquired by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application needs to perform consistency processing on the data acquired by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land and the data acquired by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean, so that the consistency of these two types of data is high, thereby making the accuracy of the final velocity model acquired subsequently higher.

[0062] Among them, the amplitude consistency processing can adopt the amplitude equalization method, which uses the root mean square amplitude or absolute value criterion to calculate the mean value of the amplitude of the seismic exploration data, and then calculates the equalization factor. Then, the equalization function of the entire seismic exploration data is calculated by interpolation, and then the equalization function is applied to the corresponding seismic exploration data to achieve the purpose of amplitude equalization of the seismic exploration data.

[0063] Phase consistency processing can obtain the minimum phase wavelet through the minimum phase conversion of the vibrator. The zero-phase seismic wavelet of the vibrator is converted into the minimum phase wavelet by using the convolution in the time domain and the recursive pure phase factor conversion, that is, the zero-phase seismic wavelet seismic exploration data of the vibrator is converted into the minimum phase seismic wavelet seismic exploration data.

[0064] Polarity consistency processing can reverse the polarity negative jumps of different excitation points. The reversal method is to multiply the amplitude value by -1 to achieve the purpose of polarity reversal. The polarity of the final seismic exploration data is the processing result of the polarity positive jump based on the minimum phase.

[0065] Step 203: Pick up the first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the preprocessed seismic exploration data.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device preprocesses the acquired seismic exploration data, the computer device can pick up the first seismic data in which the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are both on land from the preprocessed seismic exploration data. Here, the first seismic data does not include the data acquired by the seismic excitation points arranged on land and the seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean, nor does it include the data received by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean. For this reason, the difficulty of data processing of the first seismic data is relatively small, so that the accuracy of the subsequent determination of the first optimized velocity model based on the first seismic data is relatively high.

[0067] Step 204: Acquire a first initial velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data, and optimize the first initial velocity model to obtain a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device picks up the first seismic data in which the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are both on land, the computer device can determine a first initial velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data, and can optimize the first initial velocity model to obtain a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land.

[0069] For example, the process of optimizing the first initial velocity model by the computer device to obtain the first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land may include:

[0070] The computer equipment can use the tomographic inversion method constrained by micro-logging to optimize the shallow velocity in the first initial velocity model, and use the along-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method to optimize the medium-deep velocity in the first initial velocity model to obtain a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land.

[0071] It should be noted that the micro-logging constrained tomographic inversion method can add the logging velocity in the preprocessed seismic exploration data as a constraint term to the tomographic inversion equation group, update the shallow velocity field and obtain preliminary migration imaging results. Then, the logging velocity information is used to constrain the migration depth, and the shallow velocity analysis and refined modeling are performed on the updated shallow velocity field, and small-scale geological bodies such as fault blocks, micro-structures, and thin interbeds are finely characterized, and the migration depth and local shallow velocity are corrected, so as to obtain a high-precision shallow velocity field.

[0072] The layer-by-layer tomography method can optimize the velocity in the plane transverse direction of the first initial model. The first initial model is used to perform prestack depth migration to obtain a series of imaging gathers. The residual time difference is calculated for all offsets along the phase axis on the imaging gathers. The phase axis corresponds to the formation interface in the first initial model. In this way, the travel time error vector is established, and the layer-by-layer approximation method is used to continuously optimize the mid-deep velocity in the first initial velocity model. Grid tomography can optimize the velocity in the longitudinal direction of the first initial model. In the process of grid tomography, the accuracy of the mid-deep velocity iteration in the first initial velocity model is generally improved by increasing the grid density and reducing the grid size.

[0073] Step 205: Pick up the second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on the ocean from the preprocessed seismic exploration data.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device preprocesses the acquired seismic exploration data, the computer device can pick up the second seismic data in which the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are both on the ocean from the preprocessed seismic exploration data. Here, the second seismic data does not include the data acquired by the seismic receiving points arranged in the ocean from the seismic excitation points arranged on land, nor does it include the data received by the seismic excitation points and seismic receiving points arranged on land. For this reason, the difficulty of data processing of the second seismic data is relatively small, so that the accuracy of the subsequent determination of the second optimized velocity model based on the second seismic data is relatively high.

[0075] Step 206: Acquire a second initial velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data, and optimize the second initial velocity model to obtain a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device picks up the second seismic data in which the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are both on the ocean, the computer device can determine a second initial velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data, and can optimize the second initial velocity model to obtain a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean.

[0077] For example, the process of optimizing the second initial velocity model by the computer device to obtain the second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean may include:

[0078] The computer device can use a preset speed to fill the shallow layer velocity in the second initial velocity model, and use the layer-by-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method to optimize the middle and deep layer velocity in the second initial velocity model to obtain a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean.

[0079] It should be noted that, since the water layer velocity in the ocean is relatively uniform, the computer device can use a preset speed (for example, 1500 m / s) to fill the shallow layer velocity in the second initial velocity model to simulate the water layer velocity in the ocean.

[0080] Here, the layer-by-layer tomography method can optimize the velocity in the plane transverse direction in the second initial model, and use the second initial model to perform pre-stack depth migration to obtain a series of imaging gathers. On the imaging gathers, the residual time difference is calculated for all offsets along the phase axis. The phase axis corresponds to the water layer interface in the second initial model. In this way, the travel time error vector is established, and the layer-by-layer approximation method is used to continuously optimize the mid-deep velocity in the second initial velocity model. The grid tomography method can optimize the velocity in the longitudinal direction in the second initial model. In the process of using the grid tomography method, the accuracy of the mid-deep velocity iteration in the second initial velocity model can generally be improved by increasing the density of the grid and reducing the size of the grid.

[0081] Step 207: extract part of the data from the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the first optimized speed model and the second optimized speed model, the computer device may intercept part of the data in the first optimized speed model and the second optimized speed model as a third initial speed model.

[0083] For examples, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present application, in which different grayscales represent geological layers with different seismic wave propagation velocities. The horizontal axis in the figure is the distance between the seismic wave receiving point and the excitation point (abbreviated as: common center point in the figure), and the vertical axis in the figure is the speed at which the excitation point receives the seismic reflection wave (abbreviated as: speed in the figure).

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, the first optimized velocity model A and the second optimized velocity model B may be located in the same common center point gather. To this end, the computer device intercepts part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as the third initial velocity model, which may include:

[0085] The computer device uses part of the data of the first optimized velocity model A close to the second optimized velocity model B along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as the first parameter data A0; the computer device uses part of the data of the second optimized velocity model B close to the first optimized velocity model A along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as the second parameter data B0; thereafter, the computer device splices the first parameter data A0 and the second parameter data B0 to obtain the third initial velocity model.

[0086] Step 208: Based on the third initial velocity model, the third initial velocity model is optimized to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0087] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device intercepts part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as the third initial velocity model, the computer device can optimize the third initial velocity model based on the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0088] For example, the process of optimizing the third initial velocity model by the computer device to obtain the third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone may include:

[0089] The computer equipment can use the full waveform inversion method based on refraction waves to optimize the shallow velocity in the third initial velocity model, and use the full waveform inversion method based on reflection waves to optimize the medium and deep velocity in the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0090] It should be noted that the full waveform inversion method based on refraction waves can construct the refraction wave energy through true amplitude migration / anti-migration, and use the refraction wave energy to restore the deep background velocity of the third initial velocity model. By separating the long-wavelength background shallow velocity component and the short-wavelength shallow velocity component of the inversion gradient, a joint objective function is established, and the shallow background velocity and shallow velocity interface are updated at the same time, thereby effectively enhancing the effect of shallow velocity tomography.

[0091] The full waveform inversion method based on reflection waves can construct reflection wave energy through true amplitude migration / de-migration, and use the reflection wave energy to restore the deep background velocity of the third initial velocity model. A joint objective function is established by separating the long-wavelength background mid-deep velocity component and the short-wavelength mid-deep velocity component of the inversion gradient, and the mid-deep background velocity and mid-deep velocity interface are updated at the same time, thereby effectively enhancing the effect of mid-deep velocity tomography.

[0092] For examples, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another velocity model provided in an embodiment of the present application. The velocity model is obtained by Figure 3 The velocity model is optimized. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , after the third initial velocity model is optimized, the continuity of the third initial velocity model is enhanced. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The data in region C are well fused and the continuity is significantly enhanced.

[0093] In this application, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the depth domain stacked profile corresponding to a velocity model provided. Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the depth domain stacking section corresponding to another velocity model provided. The horizontal axis in the figure is the distance between the seismic wave receiving point and the excitation point (abbreviated as: common center point in the figure), and the vertical axis in the figure is the speed of the seismic reflection wave received by the excitation point (abbreviated as: depth in the figure). This figure is obtained by the optimized velocity model through migration imaging and stacking processing. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 1, after optimizing the third initial velocity model, the profile image of the depth domain stacking is clearer. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The image in area D becomes clearer, the lateral arrangement of the profile strata is more in line with the actual situation, the lateral continuity is significantly enhanced, and the cross-sectional wave characteristics are clearer.

[0094] Step 209: Generate a final velocity model corresponding to the seismic exploration data based on the first optimized velocity model, the second optimized velocity model and the third optimized velocity model.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present application, after the computer device optimizes the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, the computer device can generate a final velocity model corresponding to the seismic exploration data based on the first optimized velocity model, the second optimized velocity model and the third optimized velocity model.

[0096] Exemplarily, first, the computer device may splice the first optimized velocity model with the second optimized velocity model, and then replace the first parameter data in the first optimized velocity model and the second parameter data in the second optimized velocity model with the third optimized velocity model, so as to obtain a final velocity model corresponding to the seismic exploration data. Subsequently, the computer device may perform seismic imaging based on the final velocity model, so as to obtain a seismic image corresponding to the seismic exploration data.

[0097] It should be noted that the order of steps in the modeling method of the velocity model provided in the embodiment of the present application can be appropriately adjusted, and the steps can be increased or decreased accordingly according to the circumstances. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of the changed methods within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and they should be covered within the scope of protection of the present application, so they will not be repeated here.

[0098] In summary, the modeling method of the velocity model provided in the embodiment of the present application can first determine the first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land according to the first seismic data, and determine the second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean according to the second seismic data. Since the accuracy of the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is relatively high, part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is intercepted as the third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and after the third initial velocity model is optimized, it can be ensured that the accuracy of the third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone is relatively high, thereby making the subsequent imaging effect of the land-sea transition zone better. Moreover, in this process, there is no need to process the complex seismic data obtained from a variety of different types of seismic excitation points and a variety of different types of seismic receiving points, which can effectively simplify the method of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and further improve the accuracy of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0099] The present application also provides a modeling device for a velocity model. Figure 7 , Figure 7 300 is a block diagram of a velocity model modeling device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The velocity model modeling device 300 may be integrated in a computer device, and the velocity model modeling device 300 may include:

[0100] An acquisition module 301 is used to acquire seismic exploration data;

[0101] A first determination module 302 is used to pick up first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the seismic exploration data, and determine a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data;

[0102] A second determination module 303 is used to pick up second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are in the ocean from the seismic exploration data, and determine a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data;

[0103] An interception module 304 is used to intercept part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone;

[0104] The optimization module 305 is used to optimize the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0105] In summary, the modeling device of the velocity model provided in the embodiment of the present application can first determine the first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land according to the first seismic data, and determine the second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean according to the second seismic data. Since the accuracy of the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is relatively high, part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is intercepted as the third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and after the third initial velocity model is optimized, it can be ensured that the accuracy of the third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone is relatively high, thereby making the subsequent imaging effect of the land-sea transition zone better. Moreover, in this process, there is no need to process the complex seismic data obtained from a variety of different types of seismic excitation points and a variety of different types of seismic receiving points, which can effectively simplify the method of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and further improve the accuracy of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0106] Optionally, the optimization module can be used to: optimize the shallow velocity in the third initial velocity model using a full waveform inversion method based on refraction waves, and optimize the medium and deep velocity in the third initial velocity model using a full waveform inversion method based on reflection waves, so as to obtain a third optimized velocity model.

[0107] Optionally, the first determining module may include:

[0108] The first acquisition unit is used to acquire a first initial velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data.

[0109] The first optimization unit is used to optimize the shallow layer velocity in the first initial velocity model by adopting the tomographic inversion method constrained by micro-logging, and to optimize the medium and deep layer velocity in the first initial velocity model by adopting the along-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method, so as to obtain the first optimized velocity model.

[0110] Optionally, the second determining module may include:

[0111] The second acquisition unit is used to acquire a second initial velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the marine seismic data.

[0112] The second optimization unit is used to fill the shallow layer velocity in the second initial velocity model with a preset velocity, and optimize the middle and deep layer velocity in the second initial velocity model with the layer-by-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method to obtain a second optimized velocity model.

[0113] Optionally, the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model are located in the same common center point gather; the interception module may include:

[0114] The first interception unit is used to take part of the data of the first optimized velocity model close to the second optimized velocity model along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as the first parameter data.

[0115] A second interception unit is used to take part of the data of the second optimized velocity model close to the first optimized velocity model along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as second parameter data;

[0116] The splicing unit is used to splice the first parameter data and the second parameter data into a third initial velocity model.

[0117] Optionally, the velocity modeling device 300 may further include:

[0118] The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the seismic exploration data. The preprocessing includes: amplitude consistency processing, phase consistency processing and polarity consistency processing.

[0119] Optionally, the velocity modeling device 300 may further include:

[0120] A generating module is used to generate a final velocity model corresponding to the seismic exploration data based on the first optimized velocity model, the second optimized velocity model and the third optimized velocity model.

[0121] In summary, the modeling device of the velocity model provided in the embodiment of the present application can first determine the first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land according to the first seismic data, and determine the second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean according to the second seismic data. Since the accuracy of the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is relatively high, part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model is intercepted as the third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and after the third initial velocity model is optimized, it can be ensured that the accuracy of the third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone is relatively high, thereby making the subsequent imaging effect of the land-sea transition zone better. Moreover, in this process, there is no need to process the complex seismic data obtained from a variety of different types of seismic excitation points and a variety of different types of seismic receiving points, which can effectively simplify the method of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, and further improve the accuracy of optimizing the velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

[0122] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described devices, modules and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0123] The present application also provides a computer device. The computer device may include: a processor and a memory. The memory stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement Figure 1 or Figure 2 The modeling method of the velocity model is shown.

[0124] The present application also provides a computer storage medium. The computer storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement Figure 1 or Figure 2 The modeling method of the velocity model is shown.

[0125] In the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0126] A person skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware or by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0127] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for modeling a velocity model, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquisition of seismic survey data; Picking up first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the seismic exploration data, and determining a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data; Picking up second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are in the ocean from the seismic exploration data, and determining a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data; intercepting part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone; The third initial velocity model is optimized to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Optimizing the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone includes: The shallow velocity in the third initial velocity model is optimized by using a full waveform inversion method based on refraction waves, and the middle and deep velocity in the third initial velocity model is optimized by using a full waveform inversion method based on reflection waves, so as to obtain the third optimized velocity model.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data includes: Acquire a first initial velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data; The shallow layer velocity in the first initial velocity model is optimized by using the tomographic inversion method constrained by micro-logging, and the medium and deep layer velocity in the first initial velocity model are optimized by using the layer-by-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method, so as to obtain the first optimized velocity model.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data includes: Acquire a second initial velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the ocean seismic data; The shallow layer velocity in the second initial velocity model is filled with a preset velocity, and the middle and deep layer velocity in the second initial velocity model is optimized by using the layer-by-layer tomography method and the grid tomography method to obtain the second optimized velocity model.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model are located in the same common center point gather; and part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model are intercepted as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, including: taking part of the data of the first optimized velocity model close to the second optimized velocity model along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as first parameter data; taking part of the data of the second optimized velocity model close to the first optimized velocity model along the horizontal axis of the common center point gather as second parameter data; The first parameter data and the second parameter data are spliced ​​into the third initial velocity model.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After acquiring the seismic exploration data, the method further includes: The seismic exploration data is preprocessed, and the preprocessing includes: amplitude consistency processing, phase consistency processing and polarity consistency processing.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After optimizing the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone, the method further includes: A final velocity model corresponding to the seismic exploration data is generated based on the first optimized velocity model, the second optimized velocity model, and the third optimized velocity model.

8. A velocity modeling device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module, used for acquiring seismic exploration data; A first determination module is used to pick up first seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are on land from the seismic exploration data, and determine a first optimized velocity model corresponding to the land based on the first seismic data; A second determination module is used to pick up second seismic data in which both the seismic excitation point and the seismic receiving point are in the ocean from the seismic exploration data, and determine a second optimized velocity model corresponding to the ocean based on the second seismic data; An interception module, used for intercepting part of the data in the first optimized velocity model and the second optimized velocity model as a third initial velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone; The optimization module is used to optimize the third initial velocity model to obtain a third optimized velocity model corresponding to the land-sea transition zone.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device stores at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set, and the at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the modeling method of the velocity model as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The computer storage medium stores at least one instruction, at least one program, a code set or an instruction set, and the at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or the instruction set is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the modeling method of the velocity model as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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