Electrochromic lateral device and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electrochromic, and particularly relates to an electrochromic transverse device and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrochromic transverse device comprises a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first and a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall. The lower substrate is provided with the conductive layer, and the electrochromic layer is arranged above the conductive layer. The first and the second conductive electrode are respectively arranged on two sides of the conductive layer, and the two electrodes keep a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and the height of the two electrodes is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. The barrier wall is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the barrier wall is closely connected with the electrodes to jointly form a frame structure to prevent the electrolyte from diffusing. The electrolyte is filled between the first and the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, covers the electrochromic layer and is in contact with the conductive electrode, and the three are mutually insoluble. The electrolyte is filled in the space formed by the lower substrate and the like, and is insoluble with the electrochromic layer. The structure can improve the response speed of the electrochromic transverse device, and simultaneously reduce the power consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrochromic technology, in particular to an electrochromic transverse device and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a spectrometer and a hyperspectral camera, a gradual filter or device is a core element for realizing spectral modulation, that is, the optical properties (transmittance, reflectance, refractive index, etc.) of different positions in the same direction present a continuous change trend. A common gradual filter is a narrow-band linear gradual filter based on the thin film interference principle, which is usually composed of two Bragg reflection film layers and a Fabry-Perot cavity layer with a continuously stepped change or wedge-shaped thickness. The preparation methods of such different thickness cavities include increasing film layers with different thicknesses at different positions on the substrate by using magnetron sputtering, vapor deposition, evaporation, etc., or removing film layers with different thicknesses at different positions on the substrate by using plasma etching, wet etching, etc. Although these methods can produce good gradual thin films, the precise processing conditions and high cost limit the development of the gradual thin films as core elements of consumer-level spectral imaging devices.

[0003] An electrochromic device refers to a device whose apparent color changes under the action of different external electric fields, that is, its spectral state (transmittance or reflectance) is regulated by an electric field. The electrochromic device is usually a vertical device structure, that is, the entire color-changing layer changes uniformly in the regulation process. Some documents also report that the ITO has a certain resistance characteristic, or an ITO pattern with a gradually changing resistance in the transverse direction is designed to realize a gradient voltage drop, thereby preparing an electrochromic device with a transverse gradient.

[0004] At present, the color-changing response time of the current-driven device reported in the literature is in tens of seconds, which needs to be improved in the application of a spectrometer and a hyperspectral camera. On the other hand, the entire ITO results in high cost and high power consumption: the larger the area, the higher the cost of ITO; due to the small resistance of ITO, a large current is generated at a low voltage, resulting in a low voltage window threshold that the device can withstand, and a high power consumption of the device. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an electrochromic transverse device and a preparation method and application thereof, which can improve the response speed of the electrochromic transverse device while reducing the power consumption of the electrochromic transverse device.

[0006] To this end, the present application provides the following technical solutions,

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an electrochromic transverse device in an optional embodiment, comprising a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0008] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above;

[0009] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above;

[0010] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above;

[0011] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above;

[0012] The driving mode of the electrochromic transverse device provided by the application is electric field driving, which can instantly produce a gradual change effect, and since the working layer of the device does not directly contact the external power supply, the working current is small, so the device can withstand higher voltage and has smaller power consumption. In addition, the conductive layer does not completely cover the lower substrate, which reduces the amount of conductive layer material, thereby reducing the production cost of the device.

[0013] In the present application, the electrolyte is in communication with the first conductive electrode, the electrochromic layer and the second conductive electrode. After the voltage is applied, the initial state of the electrochromic layer is a conductor. Under the action of the electric field, the electrons in the electrochromic layer move to one side due to electrostatic induction. The electrons in the electrochromic layer are rearranged. As the electrons move away from the negative electrode of the external power supply, the accumulation of electrons in the electrochromic layer increases. The electrochromic material undergoes different degrees of redox reaction. Finally, the electrochromic layer exhibits a gradual color change from one side to the other. The conductive layer is not in direct contact with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, thereby avoiding the formation of a continuous loop and causing a short circuit in the circuit. The conductive layer is in contact with the electrochromic layer, which is conducive to the uniform increase of the accumulation of electrons in the electrochromic layer along the direction perpendicular to the conductive electrode in the working layer, thereby facilitating the electrochromic layer to be subjected to a uniform gradual electric field, and thus the electrochromic layer produces a uniform gradual color bar. The electrolyte is in communication with the first conductive electrode, the electrochromic layer and the second conductive electrode. After the voltage is applied, the conductor produces an electrostatic induction phenomenon, that is, the electrons in the conductor will move in a certain direction, and the surface potential of the conductor is equal everywhere. On the other hand, the positive and negative ions in the electrolyte will move to the two poles under the action of the electric field, and generate a built-in electric field (potential) opposite to it. As a result, the material of the electrochromic layer is affected by the common potential of the electrolyte and the conductor. The electrochromic material in different regions undergoes different degrees of redox reaction. Finally, the electrochromic layer exhibits a gradual color change from left to right,

[0014] In the present application, the electrolyte is incompatible with the electrochromic layer, which is conducive to maintaining the integrity of the electrochromic layer. The barrier wall can prevent the diffusion of the electrolyte and maintain the flow of the electrolyte, which is conducive to the electrochromic layer to produce a uniform gradual color bar.

[0015] Preferably, an upper substrate is further provided above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall; the lower substrate is an insulating substrate, preferably the lower substrate is selected from one or more of glass, flexible film and silicon, preferably glass; the upper substrate is a transparent insulating substrate, preferably the upper substrate is selected from one or more of transparent glass and transparent flexible film. The conductive layer is selected from one or more of indium tin oxide film, fluorine-doped tin oxide film, aluminum-doped zinc oxide film, silver film, gold film and platinum film, preferably indium tin oxide film; and / or the material of the electrochromic layer includes organic electrochromic material and inorganic electrochromic material, preferably organic electrochromic material; the organic electrochromic material is selected from one or more of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol; and the inorganic electrochromic material is selected from one or more of tungsten oxide, vanadium oxide, titanium oxide, nickel oxide, molybdenum oxide and Prussian blue.

[0016] In the present application, when the lower substrate is glass, the electrochromic lateral device is a transmissive device, when the lower substrate is silicon, the electrochromic lateral device is a reflective device, and when the lower substrate is a flexible film, the electrochromic lateral device is a flexible device. Indium tin oxide (ITO) film, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) film, and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) film are transparent conductive films, and when the conductive layer is selected from one of the above, the device is a transmissive device. Silver film, gold film, and platinum film have high reflectivity and conductivity, and low transmittance, and when the conductive layer is selected from one of the above, the device is a reflective device. When the electrochromic layer is selected from the above materials, especially at least one of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), and poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol, it is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the electrochromic layer to produce a uniform gradual color bar and to enrich the types of the electrochromic layer gradual color.

[0017] Preferably, the electrolyte is selected from one or more of a solid-state electrolyte, a liquid electrolyte, and a gel electrolyte; the solid-state electrolyte is selected from one or more of lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide, lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, lithium phosphorus sulfide, and a composite of polyethylene oxide and a lithium salt; the liquid electrolyte is selected from one or more of an aqueous acid solution, a non-aqueous lithium salt solution, and a non-aqueous sodium salt solution, the aqueous acid solution is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and benzenesulfonic acid, and the non-aqueous lithium salt solution is selected from one or more of lithium tetrafluoroborate propylene carbonate solution, lithium high-fluoride propylene carbonate solution, lithium hexafluorophosphate ethylene carbonate / dimethyl carbonate solution, lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide propylene carbonate solution, and lithium bisoxalate borate propylene carbonate solution. The gel electrolyte is an electrolyte with a gel polymer added to the liquid electrolyte.

[0018] In the present application, when the electrolyte is the above-mentioned preferred electrolyte, it is beneficial to further enrich the electrochromic layer gradual color and improve the uniformity of the gradual color bar.

[0019] Preferably, the electrolyte further comprises a curing agent; the curing agent is selected from one or a mixture of both of an ultraviolet light curing agent or a thermal curing agent.

[0020] In the present application, when the electrolyte comprises an ultraviolet light curing agent, after applying a voltage to produce a gradual change, irradiating with ultraviolet light can produce a preserved gradual color bar, and the gradual color bar does not fade after the voltage is removed.

[0021] Preferably, the conductive layer is a conductive array comprising at least two mutually independent conductive regions.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides, in optional embodiments, a method for preparing an electrochromic lateral device, comprising the following steps:

[0023] The conductive layer is arranged on the lower substrate, and then the electrochromic layer is arranged on the conductive layer;

[0024] On the lower substrate, the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are respectively attached to two sides of the conductive layer, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and then on the lower substrate, the other two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with the barrier walls, and the barrier walls are tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure.

[0025] The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain the electrochromic transverse device.

[0026] In the present application, the electrochromic layer is electroplated on the conductive layer by electroplating, which can further improve the color changing effect of the electrochromic layer.

[0027] Preferably, before filling the electrolyte, the step of covering the upper substrate on the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte and the second conductive electrode is further included.

[0028] After covering the upper substrate, the electrolyte is filled by injection.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present application provides, in an optional embodiment, a spectrometer comprising the electrochromic transverse device described above.

[0030] The electrochromic transverse device provided by the present application as a spectral encoding device of a spectrometer can prepare a spectrometer, and by increasing the gradient material, the spectral accuracy of the spectrometer can be simply and efficiently improved.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides, in an optional embodiment, a hyperspectral camera comprising the electrochromic transverse device described above.

[0032] In the present application, the electrochromic transverse device with an arrayed conductive layer is used as a spectral encoding device to prepare a hyperspectral camera.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The electrochromic transverse device provided by the present application has a structure that can improve the response speed of the electrochromic transverse device while reducing the power consumption of the electrochromic transverse device compared with the traditional electrochromic transverse device.

[0035] 2. The electrochromic layer is electroplated on the conductive layer by electroplating, which can further improve the color changing effect of the electrochromic layer. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the electrochromic transverse devices of Embodiments 1-3 of the present invention, along with diagrams showing the gradient effects.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrochromic transverse device of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention, and a diagram showing the gradient effect.

[0039] Figure 3 These are schematic diagrams of the electrochromic transverse devices of Embodiments 4-6 of the present invention, along with diagrams showing the gradient effect.

[0040] Figure 4 These are gradient effect diagrams of the electrochromic lateral devices in Application Embodiments 3 and 4 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of the electrochromic transverse devices of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 of the present invention, as well as diagrams showing the color-changing effects.

[0042] Figure 6 The images show the gradient effect of the electrochromic transverse device in Embodiment 7 of the present invention and the gradient spectrum of the thin film.

[0043] Figure 7 The diagram shows the principle and structure of the electrochromic lateral device of Example 1 of this invention as a spectrometer, a physical image of the electrochromic lateral device combined with a lens, and a spectral detection diagram.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a gradient effect diagram of the electrochromic lateral device in Application Example 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 These are schematic diagrams of the electrochromic transverse devices of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 of the present invention, as well as diagrams showing the color-changing effects. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 A, the embodiment provides an electrochromic transverse device, which comprises a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall;

[0049] The conductive layer is arranged on the lower substrate, in the embodiment, the lower substrate is insulating glass, the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the electrochromic layer is arranged above the conductive layer, in the embodiment, the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline; the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are arranged on the lower substrate and respectively at two sides of the conductive layer, in the embodiment, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, in the embodiment, the distance between the first conductive electrode (or the second conductive electrode) and the electrochromic layer is 1.5 mm. The height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; the barrier walls are arranged on the lower substrate and respectively at the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the barrier walls are tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and jointly form a frame structure for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing, in the embodiment, the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation glue; the electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble, in the embodiment, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution; the upper substrate is further arranged above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall, in the embodiment, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0050] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0051] The ITO film is arranged on the insulating glass, and the polyaniline film is obtained by electroplating above the ITO film in an aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L polystyrene sodium sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent);

[0052] The two sides of the ITO film are respectively pasted with a copper foil conductive tape as the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, then the other two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with encapsulation glue, and the encapsulation glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure, the transparent glass is covered on the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall, then the 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer by using a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain the electrochromic transverse device.

[0053] The positive electrode of the constant-voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, the negative electrode is connected with the second conductive electrode, a voltage of 3V is applied, and the polyaniline film generates uniform gradient color strips of transparent color, yellow, green and blue in sequence from left to right (as shown in Figure 1 B).

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] Referring to Figure 1 A, the embodiment provides an electrochromic transverse device, which comprises a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0056] The lower substrate is provided with the conductive layer, in the embodiment, the lower substrate is insulating glass, the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the upper side of the conductive layer is provided with the electrochromic layer, in the embodiment, the material of the electrochromic layer is polypyrrole; the two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate are respectively provided with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, in the embodiment, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, the height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; the other two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate are respectively provided with the barrier wall, and the barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing, in the embodiment, the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation glue; the electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble, in the embodiment, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution; the upper side of the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall is further provided with an upper substrate, in the embodiment, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0057] The preparation method of the electrochromic lateral device of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0058] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is arranged on the insulating glass, and a polypyrrole film is obtained by electroplating in a pyrrole monomer solution (0.1 mol / L pyrrole, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent) above the ITO film;

[0059] On the insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is attached to both sides of the ITO film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. Then, on the insulating glass, encapsulating glue is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the encapsulating glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to form a frame structure. A transparent glass is arranged above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode, and the barrier wall. A 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode by a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, thereby obtaining an electrochromic lateral device.

[0060] The positive electrode of a constant-voltage power supply is connected to the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected to the second conductive electrode. A 3V voltage is applied, and the polypyrrole film generates uniform gradient color bars arranged in deep red, red, yellow, green, and blue from left to right (as shown in FIG. C). Figure 1 The gradient color bars gradually fade when the voltage is stopped.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] Referring to Figure 1 A, the embodiment provides an electrochromic lateral device, comprising a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode, and a barrier wall.

[0063] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, in this embodiment, the lower substrate is insulating glass, and the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film; the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above, in this embodiment, the material of the electrochromic layer is poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol; the two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate are respectively provided with a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, in this embodiment, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and the height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; the other two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate are respectively provided with a retaining wall, and the retaining wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure for preventing the diffusion of the electrolyte, in this embodiment, the material of the retaining wall is encapsulation glue; the electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble, in this embodiment, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution; an upper substrate is further provided above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the retaining wall, in this embodiment, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0064] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0065] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is provided on the insulating glass, and a poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol film is obtained by electroplating above the ITO film in a poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol monomer solution (0.1 mol / L 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as the solvent);

[0066] On the insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is pasted on the two sides of the ITO film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; then on the insulating glass, encapsulation glue is provided on the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the encapsulation glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure; transparent glass is covered above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the retaining wall; then 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer by using a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0067] The positive pole of the constant-voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative pole is connected with the second conductive electrode. A 3V voltage is applied. The poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol film generates uniform gradient color strips of purple, green, and blue in turn from left to right (as shown in FIG. 3B). Figure 1 The gradient color strips gradually fade away when the voltage is stopped.

[0068] Embodiment 4

[0069] Referring to FIG. 1A, Figure 3 A, the embodiment provides an electrochromic lateral device, which comprises a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode, and a barrier wall.

[0070] The lower substrate is provided with the conductive layer. In the embodiment, the lower substrate is insulating glass, and the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film. The conductive layer is provided with the electrochromic layer above. In the embodiment, the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline. The lower substrate is provided with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the two sides of the conductive layer respectively. In the embodiment, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes. The first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. The height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. The lower substrate is provided with the barrier wall on the other two sides of the conductive layer respectively. The barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and together forms a frame structure for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing. In the embodiment, the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation glue. The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the conductive layer. The electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. The electrolyte, the electrochromic layer, and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble. In the embodiment, the electrolyte is a gel electrolyte (the solute is 0.025 mol / L lithium perchlorate, the mass fraction of polymethyl methacrylate is 18%, and the solvent is propylene carbonate).

[0071] The preparation method of the electrochromic lateral device in the embodiment comprises the following steps.

[0072] The insulating glass is provided with an indium tin oxide (ITO) film. Then, polyaniline aqueous solution is spin-coated above the ITO film. After spin coating, a cotton swab is used to dip a small amount of water to wipe off the polyaniline at the left and right ends of the lower substrate, so as to prevent the subsequent polyaniline from contacting the copper foil conductive tape. The wiped lower substrate and the electrochromic layer are placed on a heating table at 150°C for annealing for ten minutes, so that the polyaniline film is obtained by spin-coating above the ITO film.

[0073] The two sides of the ITO film are respectively pasted with a copper foil conductive tape as the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, then the other two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with encapsulation glue, and the encapsulation glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure, then a gel electrolyte (solute: 0.025 mol / L lithium perchlorate, 18% poly methyl methacrylate by mass fraction, solvent: propylene carbonate) is spin-coated between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0074] The positive electrode of a constant voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, the negative electrode is connected with the second conductive electrode, a voltage of 10V is applied, and the polyaniline film generates uniform gradient color strips of transparent color, yellow, green and blue in sequence from left to right (as shown in Figure 3 B).

[0075] Embodiment 5

[0076] Referring to Figure 3 A, the embodiment provides an electrochromic transverse device, which comprises a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0077] The lower substrate is provided with the conductive layer, in the embodiment, the lower substrate is insulating glass, and the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film; the electrochromic layer is arranged above the conductive layer, and the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline in the embodiment; the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are arranged on the two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate, the material of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is a copper foil conductive tape in the embodiment, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; the height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; the barrier wall is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate, and the barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing, and the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation glue in the embodiment; the electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode; the electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble, and the electrolyte is a gel electrolyte (solute: 0.025 mol / L lithium perchlorate, 18% poly methyl methacrylate by mass fraction, solvent: propylene carbonate) in the embodiment.

[0078] The preparation method of the electrochromic lateral device of the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0079] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is arranged on the insulating glass, and then a polyaniline aqueous solution is spin-coated above the indium tin oxide (ITO) film. After spin-coating, a small amount of water is used to wipe off the polyaniline at both ends of the lower substrate with a cotton swab to prevent the subsequent polyaniline from contacting the copper foil conductive tape. The wiped lower substrate and the electrochromic layer are placed on a heating table at 150°C for annealing for ten minutes to obtain a polyaniline film spin-coated above the ITO film.

[0080] On the insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is attached to both sides of the ITO film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. Then, on the insulating glass, encapsulating glue is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the encapsulating glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure. Then, a gel electrolyte (solute: 0.025 mol / L lithium perchlorate, mass fraction: 18% polymethyl methacrylate, solvent: propylene carbonate) is spin-coated between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to obtain an electrochromic lateral device.

[0081] The positive electrode of a constant-voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the second conductive electrode. A voltage of 10V is applied, and the polyaniline film generates uniform gradient color bars arranged in order of transparent color, yellow, green and blue from left to right (as shown in Figure 3 B). The voltage is maintained, and at this time, ultraviolet curing glue is added to the device to cover the entire device. A 365nm light source is used to irradiate the electrochromic lateral device for 20 seconds, the electrolyte is solidified, the voltage is stopped, and the gradient color bars are retained (as shown in Figure 3 C).

[0082] Example 6

[0083] Referring to Figure 3 A, the embodiment provides an electrochromic lateral device, which comprises a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0084] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, in this embodiment, the lower substrate is a flexible polyethylene terephthalate film, and the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film; the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above, in this embodiment, the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline; on the lower substrate, the two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, in this embodiment, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and the height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; on the lower substrate, the other two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with a retaining wall, and the retaining wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure for preventing the diffusion of the electrolyte, in this embodiment, the material of the retaining wall is encapsulation glue; the electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble, in this embodiment, the electrolyte is a gel electrolyte (the solute is 0.025 mol / L lithium perchlorate, the mass fraction of polymethyl methacrylate is 18%, and the solvent is propylene carbonate).

[0085] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0086] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is provided on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate film, and then polyaniline aqueous solution is spin-coated above the ITO film; after spin-coating, a cotton swab is used to wipe off the polyaniline at the left and right ends of the lower substrate to prevent the subsequent polyaniline from contacting the copper foil conductive tape; the wiped lower substrate and the electrochromic layer are placed on a heating table at 150°C for annealing for ten minutes to obtain a polyaniline film above the ITO film.

[0087] On the flexible polyethylene terephthalate film, a copper foil conductive tape is pasted on the two sides of the ITO film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer; then on the flexible polyethylene terephthalate film, encapsulation glue is provided on the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the encapsulation glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure; then a gel electrolyte (the solute is 0.025 mol / L lithium perchlorate, the mass fraction of polymethyl methacrylate is 18%, and the solvent is propylene carbonate) is spin-coated between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0088] The positive electrode of the constant voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the second conductive electrode. A 10V voltage is applied. The polyaniline film generates uniform gradient color bars (as shown in Figure 3 B) in the order of transparent color, yellow, green and blue from left to right. The voltage is maintained. At this time, the device is added with ultraviolet light curing glue, so that the glue covers the entire device. A 365nm light source is used to irradiate the electrochromic transverse device for 20 seconds. The electrolyte is cured. The voltage is stopped. The gradient color bars are retained. The electrochromic transverse device is flexible (as shown in Figure 3 C).

[0089] Embodiment 7

[0090] The electrochromic transverse device provided in the embodiment includes a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0091] The conductive layer is arranged on the lower substrate. In the embodiment, the lower substrate is insulating glass, and the material of the conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film. The electrochromic layer is arranged above the conductive layer. In the embodiment, the materials of the electrochromic layer are polyaniline, polypyrrole and poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol respectively. The first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are arranged on the two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate respectively. In the embodiment, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive adhesive tapes. The first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. The height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. The barrier wall is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer on the lower substrate respectively. The barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and together forms a frame structure for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing. In the embodiment, the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation glue. The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer. The electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. The electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble. In the embodiment, the electrolyte is a 0.005mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution. An upper substrate is further arranged above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. In the embodiment, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0092] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device in the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0093] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is deposited on an insulating glass substrate. The substrate is then electroplated sequentially in a solution of aniline monomers (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, with water as the solvent), a solution of pyrrole monomers (0.1 mol / L pyrrole, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, with water as the solvent), and a solution of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol) monomers (0.1 mol / L 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, with water as the solvent). This process deposits three films—polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol)—on top of the ITO film.

[0094] On insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is attached to each side of an ITO film to serve as the first and second conductive electrodes. The first and second conductive electrodes are spaced at a predetermined distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. Then, encapsulating adhesive is applied to the other two sides of the conductive layer on the insulating glass. The encapsulating adhesive is tightly connected to the first and second conductive electrodes to form a frame structure. Transparent glass is then placed over the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode, and the barrier. Finally, a 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected between the first and second conductive electrodes and the conductive layer using a syringe. The electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first and second conductive electrodes, thus obtaining an electrochromic lateral device.

[0095] When the positive terminal of a constant voltage power supply is connected to the first conductive electrode and the negative terminal to the second conductive electrode, and a voltage of 3V is applied, a uniform gradient effect will be observed simultaneously on all three thin films (e.g., Figure 6 (As shown in A); Maintaining the voltage, the gradient spectra of the three thin films measured using a thin film transmission spectroscopy testing device constructed with a tungsten lamp light source, an electric displacement stage, and a spectrometer are shown below. Figure 6 As shown in B.

[0096] Comparative Example 1

[0097] See Figure 2 A. This comparative example provides an electrochromic lateral device, including a lower substrate, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode, and a barrier.

[0098] An electrochromic layer is disposed on a lower substrate. In this comparative example, the lower substrate is insulating glass, and the electrochromic layer is made of polyaniline. On the lower substrate, a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode are respectively disposed on both sides of the conductive layer. In this comparative example, the first and second conductive electrodes are made of copper foil conductive tape, and there is a predetermined distance between the first and second conductive electrodes and the electrochromic layer. The height of the first and second conductive electrodes is greater than the height of the electrochromic layer. On the lower substrate, baffles are respectively disposed on the other two sides of the electrochromic layer, and the baffles are positioned relative to the first and second conductive electrodes. The electrodes are tightly connected to form a frame structure to prevent electrolyte diffusion. In this comparative example, the barrier material is encapsulating adhesive. The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the electrochromic layer, and covers the electrochromic layer, and is in contact with the first and second conductive electrodes. The electrolyte and the electrochromic layer are immiscible. In this comparative example, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution. An upper substrate is also provided above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode, and the barrier. In this comparative example, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0099] The fabrication method of the electrochromic lateral device in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0100] Spin-coat polyaniline aqueous solution onto insulating glass. After spin-coating, use a cotton swab dipped in a small amount of water to wipe off the polyaniline at both ends of the substrate to prevent the polyaniline from contacting the copper foil conductive tape later. Place the wiped substrate and electrochromic layer on a heating table at 150°C for annealing for ten minutes to obtain a polyaniline film by spin-coating on the top of the insulating glass film.

[0101] On insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is attached to each side of an ITO film to serve as the first and second conductive electrodes. The first and second conductive electrodes are spaced at a predetermined distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. Then, encapsulating adhesive is applied to the other two sides of the electrochromic layer on the insulating glass. The encapsulating adhesive is tightly connected to the first and second conductive electrodes to form a frame structure. Transparent glass is then placed over the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode, and the barrier. Finally, a 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected between the first and second conductive electrodes and the electrochromic layer using a syringe. The electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first and second conductive electrodes, thus obtaining an electrochromic lateral device.

[0102] When the positive terminal of a constant voltage power supply is connected to the first conductive electrode and the negative terminal to the second conductive electrode, and a 3V voltage is applied, the polyaniline film produces color stripes arranged sequentially from left to right: transparent, pale yellow, and blue (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown in B); when the voltage is stopped, the color bar gradually fades.

[0103] It is found that the gradient color strip effect is poor when no conductive layer is provided on the lower substrate compared with Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 2

[0105] Reference Figure 5 A, the comparative example provides an electrochromic transverse device, comprising a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall;

[0106] The conductive layer is provided on the lower substrate, and the electrochromic layer is provided above the conductive layer. In this comparative example, the lower substrate is insulating glass, the material of the conductive layer is ITO film, and the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline. The first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are respectively provided on both sides of the conductive layer. In this comparative example, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tape, and the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the electrochromic layer have a predetermined distance. The barrier wall is provided on both sides of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the conductive layer, and the barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to form a frame structure together, which is used for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing. In this comparative example, the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation adhesive. The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the electrochromic layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. The electrolyte, the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer are mutually insoluble. In this comparative example, the electrolyte is a dilute sulfuric acid solution of 0.005 mol / L. An upper substrate is further provided above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. In this comparative example, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0107] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device of the comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0108] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is provided on the insulating glass, and the upper side of the ITO film is electroplated to obtain a polyaniline film in an aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as solvent);

[0109] A copper foil conductive tape is attached to both sides of the ITO thin film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and a preset distance is provided between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the electrochromic layer. Then, encapsulation glue is provided on the ITO thin film on both sides of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the encapsulation glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure. A transparent glass is then covered on the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. A 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode by using a syringe, so that the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and is in contact with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, thereby obtaining an electrochromic lateral device.

[0110] The positive electrode of a constant-voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the second conductive electrode. A 3V voltage is applied, and the polyaniline film shows a light yellow color strip without a gradual color strip (as shown in Figure 5 The color strip gradually disappears when the voltage is stopped.

[0111] Comparative Example 3

[0112] Referring to Figure 5 C, the comparative example provides an electrochromic lateral device, which includes a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0113] The lower substrate is provided with the conductive layer, and the conductive layer is provided with the electrochromic layer. In the comparative example, the lower substrate is insulating glass, the material of the conductive layer is an ITO thin film, and the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline. The first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are respectively provided on both sides of the electrochromic layer. In the comparative example, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes, and a preset distance is provided between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. The barrier wall is provided on both sides of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the electrochromic layer, and the barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure for preventing the diffusion of the electrolyte. In the comparative example, the material of the barrier wall is encapsulation glue. The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the electrochromic layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and is in contact with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. The electrolyte, the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer are mutually insoluble. In the comparative example, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution. An upper substrate is further provided on the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. In the comparative example, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0114] The preparation method of the electrochromic lateral device of the comparative example includes the following steps:

[0115] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is provided on an insulating glass, and a polyaniline film is obtained by electroplating in an aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent) above the ITO film;

[0116] A copper foil conductive tape is attached to both sides of the polyaniline film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and a preset distance is provided between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. An encapsulating glue is provided on the polyaniline film, on both sides of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to form a frame structure. A transparent glass is provided above the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. An electrolyte of 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode by a syringe, and covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to obtain an electrochromic lateral device.

[0117] The positive electrode of a constant-voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the second conductive electrode. A voltage of 3V is applied, and the polyaniline film shows a light yellow color strip without a gradual color strip (as shown in Figure 5 D). The color strip gradually disappears when the voltage is stopped.

[0118] Comparative Example 4

[0119] Referring to Figure 9 A, the comparative example provides an electrochromic lateral device, which includes a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a barrier wall.

[0120] A conductive layer is arranged on the lower substrate, and an electrochromic layer is arranged above the conductive layer. In the present comparative example, the lower substrate is insulating glass, the material of the conductive layer is an ITO film, and the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline. A first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode are arranged on both sides of the electrochromic layer. In the present comparative example, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tapes, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance therebetween. An annular baffle is arranged between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the electrochromic layer, and the annular baffle is attached to the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to prevent the diffusion of an electrolyte. In the present comparative example, the material of the baffle is encapsulating glue. The electrolyte is filled in the annular baffle, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and is in contact with the annular baffle. The electrolyte, the conductive layer, and the electrochromic layer are mutually insoluble. In the present comparative example, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution. An upper substrate is further arranged above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode, and the annular baffle. In the present comparative example, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0121] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device of the present comparative example includes the following steps:

[0122] An ITO film is arranged on the insulating glass, and aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent) is used for electroplating to obtain a polyaniline film above the ITO film.

[0123] A copper foil conductive tape is attached to the polyaniline film on both sides as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance therebetween. Then, an annular encapsulating glue is arranged between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the polyaniline film, and the annular encapsulating glue is attached to the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode. Transparent glass is arranged above the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode, and the baffle. Then, a 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected into the annular encapsulating glue by using a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and is in contact with the annular baffle to obtain the electrochromic transverse device.

[0124] The positive electrode of a constant-voltage power supply is connected to the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected to the second conductive electrode. A 3V voltage is applied, and the polyaniline film generates uniform gradient color strips arranged in the order of yellow, green, and blue from left to right (as shown in FIG. C). Figure 9 The color strips gradually fade away when the voltage is stopped.

[0125] Comparative Example 5

[0126] Reference is made to Figure 9B, the present example provides an electrochromic transverse device, comprising a lower substrate, a conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte, a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode and a dam;

[0127] The lower substrate is provided with a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is provided with an electrochromic layer above. In the present example, the lower substrate is insulating glass, the material of the conductive layer is ITO film, and the material of the electrochromic layer is polyaniline. A first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode are respectively arranged on both sides of the conductive layer. In the present example, the materials of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are copper foil conductive tape, and the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the electrochromic layer have a predetermined distance. An annular dam is arranged between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the conductive layer, and the annular dam is attached to the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode and has a predetermined distance from the electrochromic layer, for preventing the electrolyte from diffusing. In the present example, the material of the annular dam is encapsulation adhesive. The electrolyte is filled between the annular dam and the electrochromic layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the annular dam. The electrolyte, the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer are mutually insoluble. In the present example, the electrolyte is a 0.005 mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution. An upper substrate is further arranged above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the annular dam. In the present example, the upper substrate is transparent glass.

[0128] The preparation method of the electrochromic transverse device of the present example comprises the following steps:

[0129] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is arranged on the insulating glass, and a polyaniline film is obtained by electroplating above the ITO film in an aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as solvent);

[0130] A copper foil conductive tape is attached to both sides of the ITO film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the electrochromic layer have a predetermined distance. Then, an annular encapsulation adhesive is arranged between the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the ITO film, and the annular encapsulation adhesive is attached to the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode and has a predetermined distance from the electrochromic layer. Transparent glass is covered above the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the annular encapsulation adhesive. Then, a 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte is injected between the annular encapsulation adhesives by a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the annular encapsulation adhesive, to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0131] The positive pole of the constant voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative pole is connected with the second conductive electrode, a voltage of 3V is applied, and the polyaniline film generates uniform gradient color strips of yellow, green and blue in turn from left to right (as shown in Figure 9 D);the voltage is stopped, and the color strips gradually fade away.

[0132] Application Example 1

[0133] The electrochromic transverse device prepared in Example 1 is used to build a spectrometer, and the principle and structure are as shown in Figure 7 A), and in the process of building the spectrometer, the electrochromic transverse device can be placed in three schemes, i.e., the electrochromic transverse device is combined with a lens, the electrochromic transverse device is combined with a camera, and the electrochromic transverse device is directly integrated on an imaging sensor.

[0134] Figure 7 B exemplarily shows a physical diagram of combining the electrochromic transverse device with a lens, and a monochromatic target spectrum with a half-peak width of 2nm is fitted by using the scheme, and the reconstructed spectrum is basically consistent with the target spectrum (as shown in Figure 7 C), which shows the potential of the electrochromic transverse device as a core element of a spectrometer spectrum encoding.

[0135] Application Example 2

[0136] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is arranged on the insulating glass, a 3*3 ITO film array is obtained by using a laser etching method, and the upper part of the 3*3 ITO film array is electroplated in an aniline monomer solution (0.1mol / L aniline, 0.025mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent) to obtain an arrayed polyaniline film.

[0137] On the insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is pasted on both sides of the ITO film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, then on the insulating glass, the other two sides of the conductive layer are provided with encapsulating glue, and the encapsulating glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure, a transparent glass is covered on the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall, then a 0.005mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer by using a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0138] The positive pole of the constant voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative pole is connected with the second conductive electrode, a 6V voltage is applied, and all the polyaniline films simultaneously have the same uniform gradual change effect (as shown in Figure 8

[0139] Compared with example 1, the arrayed electrochromic transverse device is used as a core element of spectral coding, a single gradual change region is a small spectrometer, and multiple spectrometers are arranged in space, so that a hyperspectral camera can be prepared.

[0140] Application example 3

[0141] An indium tin oxide (ITO) film is arranged on the insulating glass, and an arrayed polyaniline film is obtained by electroplating above the ITO film array in an aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent). The polyaniline film and the underlying ITO are etched by femtosecond laser to form a 5x5 polyaniline film array (5x5 ITO film array below).

[0142] On the insulating glass, the two sides of the ITO film are respectively pasted with a copper foil conductive tape as the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. Then, on the insulating glass, the other two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with encapsulating glue, and the encapsulating glue is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure. The transparent glass is covered above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. Then, 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer by a syringe, so that the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0143] The positive pole of the constant voltage power supply is connected with the first conductive electrode, and the negative pole is connected with the second conductive electrode, a 6V voltage is applied, and all the polyaniline films simultaneously have the same uniform gradual change effect (as shown in Figure 4 A.

[0144] Compared with example 1, the arrayed electrochromic transverse device is used as a core element of spectral coding, a single gradual change region is a small spectrometer, and multiple spectrometers are arranged in space, so that a hyperspectral camera can be prepared.

[0145] Application example 4

[0146] ​An ITO thin film is arranged on an insulating glass, and an arrayed polyaniline thin film is obtained by electroplating on the ITO thin film array in an aniline monomer solution (0.1 mol / L aniline, 0.025 mol / L sodium polystyrene sulfonate, 0.025 mol / L camphor sulfonic acid, 0.05 mol / L sulfuric acid, and water as a solvent), and the polyaniline thin film and the underlying ITO are etched by femtosecond laser to form a polyaniline thin film array with 10x10 (the underlying ITO thin film array has 10x10).

[0147] On the insulating glass, a copper foil conductive tape is attached to both sides of the ITO thin film as a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, then on the insulating glass, encapsulating glue is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer, and the encapsulating glue and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are tightly connected to form a frame structure, a transparent glass is arranged on the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall, then a 0.005 mol / L sulfuric acid electrolyte electrolyte is injected between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer by a syringe, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain an electrochromic transverse device.

[0148] The positive electrode of a constant-voltage power supply is connected to the first conductive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected to the second conductive electrode, a 6V voltage is applied, and all the polyaniline thin films simultaneously have the same uniform gradual change effect (as shown in Figure 4 B).

[0149] Compared with Example 1, the arrayed electrochromic transverse device is used as a core element of spectral coding, a single gradual change region is a small spectrometer, and multiple spectrometers are arranged in space to prepare a hyperspectral camera.

[0150] Test Example

[0151] The electrochromic transverse device prepared in Examples 1-3 is compared with the transverse electrochromic gradual change device reported in the literature, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] As can be seen from the above table, the electrochromic transverse device structure of the present application can obtain faster gradual change response time under the condition of ensuring uniform gradual change effect in the electric field driving mode, and the current is small, and the overall power consumption is also small.

[0155] Although the principles of the present application have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the drawings, it should be understood that the application is not limited to the construction and arrangements of the preferred embodiments as set forth above and above. The skilled in the art will appreciate that various adaptations and modifications of the preferred embodiments described above can be accomplished using equivalent means, without departing from the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but only by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrochromic lateral device, characterized in that, The lower substrate, the conductive layer, the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte, the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall are included. The conductive layer is arranged on the lower substrate, and the electrochromic layer is arranged above the conductive layer. On the lower substrate, the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode are arranged on two sides of the conductive layer respectively, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance with the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, and the height of the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode is greater than the height of the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer. On the lower substrate, the barrier wall is arranged on the other two sides of the conductive layer respectively, and the barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to form a frame structure. The electrolyte is filled between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and contacts the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the electrolyte, the electrochromic layer and the conductive layer are mutually insoluble.

2. The electrochromic lateral device according to claim 1, characterized in that An upper substrate is further arranged above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte, the second conductive electrode and the barrier wall. The lower substrate is an insulating substrate, and the lower substrate is selected from one or more of glass, flexible film and silicon. The upper substrate is a transparent insulating substrate, and the upper substrate is selected from one or more of transparent glass and transparent flexible film.

3. The electrochromic lateral device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive layer is selected from one or more of indium tin oxide film, fluorine-doped tin oxide film, aluminum-doped zinc oxide film, silver film, gold film and platinum film; and / or, The material of the electrochromic layer includes organic electrochromic material and inorganic electrochromic material. The organic electrochromic material is selected from one or more of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-2-methanol, and the inorganic electrochromic material is selected from one or more of tungsten oxide, vanadium oxide, titanium oxide, nickel oxide, molybdenum oxide and Prussian blue.

4. The electrochromic lateral device of claim 1, wherein, The electrolyte is selected from one or more of solid-state electrolyte, liquid electrolyte and gel electrolyte. The solid-state electrolyte is selected from one or more of lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide, lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, lithium phosphorus sulfide and a composite of polyethylene oxide and lithium salt. The liquid electrolyte is selected from one or more of aqueous acid solution, non-aqueous lithium salt solution and non-aqueous sodium salt solution. The gel electrolyte is an electrolyte in which a gel polymer is added to the liquid electrolyte.

5. The electrochromic lateral device of claim 1, wherein, The electrolyte further includes a curing agent. The curing agent is selected from one or both of ultraviolet light curing agent or thermal curing agent.

6. The electrochromic lateral device of claim 1, wherein, The conductive layer is a conductive array containing at least two mutually independent conductive regions.

7. A method for the preparation of an electrochromic lateral device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Arranging the conductive layer on the lower substrate, and then arranging the electrochromic layer on the conductive layer. On the lower substrate, two sides of the conductive layer are respectively attached to the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, and the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode have a preset distance from the conductive layer and the electrochromic layer, then on the lower substrate, the other two sides of the conductive layer are respectively provided with a barrier wall, and the barrier wall is tightly connected with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode to jointly form a frame structure; Between the first conductive electrode, the second conductive electrode and the conductive layer, an electrolyte is filled, and the electrolyte covers the electrochromic layer and is in contact with the first conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode, to obtain the electrochromic transverse device.

8. Process for the preparation of an electrochromic lateral device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before filling the electrolyte, the method further comprises the step of covering the upper substrate above the first conductive electrode, the electrolyte and the second conductive electrode; After covering the upper substrate, the electrolyte is filled by injection.

9. A spectrometer, characterized by, The electrochromic transverse device of claim 1.

10. A hyperspectral camera, characterized by The electrochromic transverse device of claim 1.

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