Cross-goaf mining open-off cut irregular impact danger prediction method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal safety mining, and particularly relates to a cross-goaf mining open-off cut irregularity impact risk prediction method and system, and the method comprises the following specific steps: collecting a geological structure map, coal seam occurrence characteristics and surrounding rock physical and mechanical properties of a mining area; whether high risk factors exist in the position of coal to be mined or not is known, detailed on-site investigation is conducted on the working face to be mined, the roadway arrangement condition, the supporting state and the top and bottom plate condition information are recorded, the relative position relation between attention cutting holes is recorded, and the deviation degree of the relative position relation is measured. And the impact danger area is predicted and forecasted, so that prevention and control measures are taken in advance, the impact danger and disaster degree are reduced, and the anti-impact safety of coal mining is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of safe coal mining, and in particular to a method and system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cuts in cross-goaf mining. Background Art

[0002] The coal industry is one of the main sources of energy in my country and one of the important pillars of my country's economy. With the increase in the depth and intensity of coal resource mining and the complexity of coalfield geological conditions, the problem of mine rock burst is particularly prominent. Dynamic disasters such as mine rock burst are becoming increasingly serious, seriously threatening the safety of coal mining.

[0003] Impact hazard assessment is the basic work for the prevention and control of rock burst in coal mining working faces, and is the basis for pre-unloading of working faces. Cutting eyes refer to the tunnels at both ends of the coal mining working face. When these tunnels are misaligned during the advancement process, local stress concentration may be caused, thereby increasing the risk of rock burst. At present, when conducting impact hazard assessment, the hazard of misaligned cutting eyes is generally considered as the impact hazard at position 1, but an impact accident occurred at position 2.

[0004] In order to predict the impact hazard at position 2, a method and system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining, and the specific steps of the method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining are as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Collect geological structure maps, coal seam occurrence characteristics, and physical and mechanical properties of surrounding rocks in the mining area to understand whether there are high-risk factors in the location of the coal to be mined. Conduct detailed on-site surveys of the working face to be mined, record the layout of the tunnels, support status, roof and floor conditions, pay attention to the relative position relationship between the cuts, and measure their deviations;

[0008] Step 2: Determine whether there is a hard rock layer above the mining fracture area of ​​the working face, dynamically estimate the static stress based on the mining thickness, mining width, distance between adjacent working face support areas, and overburden conditions, and calculate the ultimate stress value before the rock layer breaks between the overburden fracture height of the single goaf area and the overburden fracture height of the double goaf area;

[0009] Step 3: Based on the actual engineering parameters, a three-dimensional geomechanical model is constructed using the finite element method and discrete element method to simulate the impact of uneven cutting on the surrounding rock stress field under different conditions, including but not limited to single-sided advance and double-sided staggered. By changing the input parameters, the influence of the model on the impact hazard is studied to find the most unfavorable combination. For possible extreme situations, corresponding prevention and control plans are formulated, and the dynamic load is determined based on the mining monitoring of the No. 2 working face.

[0010] Step 4: Use a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to determine the danger level of the No. 3 working face based on static stress and dynamic load, and divide the risk into four levels: none, weak, medium, and strong. Establish a special early warning indicator system. Once the monitoring data exceeds the set threshold, immediately activate the emergency plan, notify relevant personnel to evacuate the dangerous area, and regularly update and improve the early warning system to ensure its sensitivity and reliability;

[0011] Step 5: Adjust the tunnel layout plan according to the prediction results to avoid the formation of structural forms that are not conducive to stress release, reasonably select support methods and parameters, enhance tunnel stability, reduce impact risks, and implement active protection measures such as drilling and blasting pressure relief in areas with high impact risks to release energy in advance;

[0012] Step 6: After the prediction, continue to closely monitor the incision eye and its surrounding environment, regularly evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control, and adjust the strategy in a timely manner according to changes in actual conditions to ensure that it is always under control.

[0013] Preferably, in step 1, the measured deviation degree includes the misalignment amount and the tilt angle.

[0014] Preferably, in step three, the input parameters changed include coal pillar width and support strength.

[0015] A system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining, which includes a data acquisition and processing module, a stress field simulation and analysis module, a risk assessment and early warning module, a prevention and control planning module, a decision support module, a monitoring feedback module and a communication network module;

[0016] The data acquisition and processing module is used to deploy various types of high-precision sensors to capture the mechanical response information inside and on the surface of the rock mass in real time, and is responsible for the configuration, calibration and maintenance of the sensors to ensure the accuracy and stability of data acquisition, perform preliminary processing on the raw data, remove noise and outliers, improve data quality, realize the fusion of multi-source data, and integrate data from different types of sensors into a unified format;

[0017] The stress field simulation and analysis module is used to establish an accurate rock mechanics model according to the actual geological conditions of the mining area, simulate the stress distribution under different working conditions, consider the influence of time factors, predict the change trend of stress as the mining activities progress, discover potential risk areas in advance, and study the influence of input parameters on impact hazards by changing them to find the most unfavorable combination;

[0018] The risk assessment and early warning module is used to set a series of key indicators reflecting the degree of impact risk, such as stress concentration factor and energy release rate, and quantify and score them. According to the scoring results, the impact risk is divided into four levels: none, weak, medium and strong, providing a basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies. According to different risk levels, specific early warning thresholds are determined. Once the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, an alarm is immediately issued;

[0019] The control planning module is used to adjust the tunnel layout plan based on the prediction results, and try to avoid the formation of structural forms that are not conducive to stress release. For areas with high impact risks, specific plans for implementing active protection measures such as drilling and blasting pressure relief are proposed. Detailed emergency plans are prepared for different types of emergencies that may occur, and the responsibilities and handling procedures of each position are clarified;

[0020] The decision support module is used to combine the geological engineering knowledge base and the historical case library to provide scientific and reasonable decision-making suggestions for on-site technicians, use machine learning and deep learning algorithms to conduct in-depth mining of monitoring data, assist in identifying potential hidden dangers under complex conditions, and automatically trigger the alarm mechanism when necessary to notify relevant personnel to take emergency risk avoidance actions and guide subsequent disposal work;

[0021] The monitoring feedback module is used to continue to closely monitor the incision eye and its surrounding environment after completing the preliminary prediction, regularly evaluate the prevention and control effects, record the experience and lessons learned during each prediction and response process, continuously improve the prediction technology and management system, and improve the overall prevention and control level;

[0022] The communication network module is used to build a stable and efficient network environment to ensure fast uploading and remote access of large amounts of data.

[0023] Preferably, the data acquisition processing module includes a sensor network unit and a data acquisition terminal unit, the sensor network unit includes a strain gauge, a pressure sensor, an accelerometer, a displacement sensor, a microseismic monitor, and a temperature and humidity sensor; the data acquisition terminal unit includes a data collector.

[0024] Preferably, the stress field simulation and analysis module includes a three-dimensional geological model construction unit, an initial stress field determination unit, a dynamic stress evolution simulation unit, a stress concentration area identification unit and a sensitivity analysis unit.

[0025] Preferably, the risk assessment and early warning module includes a data integration processing unit, a feature extraction and recognition unit, a risk assessment unit, a threshold setting unit and an automatic alarm notification unit.

[0026] Preferably, the prevention and control planning module includes an optimization design unit, a pressure relief measures planning unit, a support and reinforcement measures unit, and an emergency response unit.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This application makes up for the defects of existing impact hazard predictions and predicts and forecasts impact hazard areas so that preventive measures can be taken in advance, the impact hazard and disaster level can be reduced, and the anti-impact safety of coal mining can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is the module composition diagram of this system;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a unit composition diagram of the data acquisition and processing module;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the unit composition diagram of the stress field simulation analysis module;

[0032] Figure 4 This is the unit composition diagram of the risk assessment and early warning module;

[0033] Figure 5 This is the unit composition diagram of the prevention and control planning module;

[0034] Figure 6 This is the distribution diagram of static stress fulcrums for uneven mining across goaf areas;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the height of overburden fracture development;

[0036] Figure 8 Provide a subdivision map of the target evaluation area;

[0037] Fig. 9 Stress analysis diagram for the target evaluation area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] Example:

[0041] See also Figure 1-9 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0042] The method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining is as follows:

[0043] Step 1: Collect geological structure maps, coal seam occurrence characteristics, and physical and mechanical properties of surrounding rocks in the mining area to understand whether there are high-risk factors in the location of the coal to be mined. Conduct detailed on-site surveys of the working face to be mined, record the layout of the tunnels, support status, roof and floor conditions, pay attention to the relative position relationship between the cuts, and measure their deviations;

[0044] Step 2: Determine whether there is a hard rock layer above the mining fracture area of ​​the working face, dynamically estimate the static stress based on the mining thickness, mining width, distance between adjacent working face support areas, and overburden conditions, and calculate the ultimate stress value before the rock layer breaks between the overburden fracture height of the single goaf area and the overburden fracture height of the double goaf area;

[0045] Step 3: Based on the actual engineering parameters, a three-dimensional geomechanical model is constructed using the finite element method and discrete element method to simulate the impact of uneven cutting on the surrounding rock stress field under different conditions, including but not limited to single-sided advance and double-sided staggered. By changing the input parameters, the influence of the model on the impact hazard is studied to find the most unfavorable combination. For possible extreme situations, corresponding prevention and control plans are formulated, and the dynamic load is determined based on the mining monitoring of the No. 2 working face.

[0046] Step 4: Use a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to determine the danger level of the No. 3 working face based on static stress and dynamic load, and divide the risk into four levels: none, weak, medium, and strong. Establish a special early warning indicator system. Once the monitoring data exceeds the set threshold, immediately activate the emergency plan, notify relevant personnel to evacuate the dangerous area, and regularly update and improve the early warning system to ensure its sensitivity and reliability;

[0047] Step 5: Adjust the tunnel layout plan according to the prediction results to avoid the formation of structural forms that are not conducive to stress release, reasonably select support methods and parameters, enhance tunnel stability, reduce impact risks, and implement active protection measures such as drilling and blasting pressure relief in areas with high impact risks to release energy in advance;

[0048] Step 6: After the prediction, continue to closely monitor the incision eye and its surrounding environment, regularly evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control, and adjust the strategy in a timely manner according to changes in actual conditions to ensure that it is always under control.

[0049] In the step 1, the measured deviation degree includes the misalignment amount and the tilt angle.

[0050] In the step three, the changed input parameters include the coal pillar width and the support strength.

[0051] A system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining, which includes a data acquisition and processing module, a stress field simulation and analysis module, a risk assessment and early warning module, a prevention and control planning module, a decision support module, a monitoring feedback module and a communication network module;

[0052] The data acquisition and processing module is used to deploy various types of high-precision sensors to capture the mechanical response information inside and on the surface of the rock mass in real time, and is responsible for the configuration, calibration and maintenance of the sensors to ensure the accuracy and stability of data acquisition, perform preliminary processing on the raw data, remove noise and outliers, improve data quality, realize the fusion of multi-source data, and integrate data from different types of sensors into a unified format;

[0053] The stress field simulation and analysis module is used to establish an accurate rock mechanics model according to the actual geological conditions of the mining area, simulate the stress distribution under different working conditions, consider the influence of time factors, predict the change trend of stress as the mining activities progress, discover potential risk areas in advance, and study the influence of input parameters on impact hazards by changing them to find the most unfavorable combination;

[0054] The risk assessment and early warning module is used to set a series of key indicators reflecting the degree of impact risk, such as stress concentration factor and energy release rate, and quantify and score them. According to the scoring results, the impact risk is divided into four levels: none, weak, medium and strong, providing a basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies. According to different risk levels, specific early warning thresholds are determined. Once the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, an alarm is immediately issued;

[0055] The control planning module is used to adjust the tunnel layout plan based on the prediction results, and try to avoid the formation of structural forms that are not conducive to stress release. For areas with high impact risks, specific plans for implementing active protection measures such as drilling and blasting pressure relief are proposed. Detailed emergency plans are prepared for different types of emergencies that may occur, and the responsibilities and handling procedures of each position are clarified;

[0056] The decision support module is used to combine the geological engineering knowledge base and the historical case library to provide scientific and reasonable decision-making suggestions for on-site technicians, use machine learning and deep learning algorithms to conduct in-depth mining of monitoring data, assist in identifying potential hidden dangers under complex conditions, and automatically trigger the alarm mechanism when necessary to notify relevant personnel to take emergency risk avoidance actions and guide subsequent disposal work;

[0057] The monitoring feedback module is used to continue to closely monitor the incision eye and its surrounding environment after completing the preliminary prediction, regularly evaluate the prevention and control effects, record the experience and lessons learned during each prediction and response process, continuously improve the prediction technology and management system, and improve the overall prevention and control level;

[0058] The communication network module is used to build a stable and efficient network environment to ensure fast uploading and remote access of large amounts of data.

[0059] The data acquisition processing module includes a sensor network unit and a data acquisition terminal unit. The sensor network unit includes a strain gauge (used to measure the strain inside the rock mass to reflect stress changes), a pressure sensor (monitoring the pressure distribution of the tunnel surrounding rock), an accelerometer (capturing small vibrations or rapid movements to help identify potential dynamic events), a displacement sensor (monitoring the relative displacement of the tunnel wall and the top and bottom plates), a microseismic monitor (detecting microseismic activities caused by rock fractures as an important basis for early warning of rock burst), and a temperature and humidity sensor (recording changes in ambient temperature and humidity to assist in judging abnormal fluctuations in other physical parameters); the data acquisition terminal unit includes a data collector equipped with a high-resolution ADC (analog-to-digital converter) to ensure that the collected data has high accuracy and supports multiple input interfaces (such as analog signals, digital signals, etc.) to meet the needs of different types of sensors.

[0060] The stress field simulation and analysis module includes a three-dimensional geological model construction unit, which collects and integrates basic data such as the geological structure map of the mining area, coal seam occurrence characteristics, and physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, and imports these data into professional modeling software to provide accurate geological background information for subsequent modeling. CAD or GIS tools are used to establish detailed three-dimensional geometric models of tunnel layout, coal pillar structure, and surrounding rock mass to ensure that the model can truly reflect actual engineering conditions, including tunnel size, shape, and relative position relationship; the initial stress field determination unit determines the natural stress state in the original rock mass through on-site drilling stress relief method, hydraulic fracturing method, etc., and reasonably sets the boundary conditions of the model (such as fixed boundary, free boundary, etc.) according to factors such as the topography and mining activities around the mining area to ensure that the simulation results are close to the actual situation. The dynamic stress evolution simulation unit simulates the coal mining and tunneling processes at different stages, taking into account the influence of factors such as the working face advancement speed and changes in tunnel layout, dynamically adjusts the stress boundary conditions in the model, and updates the stress distribution in real time. The stress concentration zone identification unit calculates the stress gradient at each point in the rock mass, identifies areas with drastic stress changes, and evaluates the energy accumulation inside the rock mass, especially the location and development trend of high-energy zones. Combined with geological data, it detects possible weak surface structures such as fault planes and joint belts, and analyzes their influence on stress distribution. The sensitivity analysis unit studies the influence of input parameters (such as coal pillar width, support strength, rock mass mechanical parameters, etc.) on impact hazard, and proposes reasonable tunnel layout plans and support measures based on the sensitivity analysis results to reduce the risk of stress concentration.

[0061] The risk assessment and early warning module includes a data integration processing unit that integrates data streams from different sensors (such as strain gauges, pressure sensors, microseismic monitors, etc.) to form a complete monitoring data set; a feature extraction and recognition unit that extracts key features reflecting the stress state of the rock mass, such as stress concentration coefficient, energy release rate, displacement change rate, etc.; a risk assessment unit that divides the impact hazard into three levels of low, medium and high according to the scoring results, providing a basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies; a threshold setting unit that sets specific early warning thresholds according to different risk levels. These thresholds can be derived based on historical data statistics, laboratory tests or empirical formulas. With the continuous accumulation of new data, the early warning thresholds are regularly updated and optimized to adapt to changes in mining conditions, and multiple early warning thresholds (such as primary warning, intermediate warning, and advanced warning) are set to gradually improve the response level to ensure the sensitivity and reliability of the early warning; an automatic alarm notification unit that immediately triggers an alarm mechanism once the monitoring data exceeds the set early warning threshold, notifies relevant personnel through sound and light alarms, text messages, emails, etc., and sends early warning information to corresponding responsible departments and individuals according to different risk levels and urgency levels to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of information transmission.

[0062] The prevention and control planning module includes an optimization design unit that adjusts the layout of the tunnel according to the results of the stress field simulation analysis to avoid the formation of a structural form that is not conducive to stress release, dynamically adjusts the working face advancement path considering the needs of different mining stages, and reduces the formation of stress concentration areas; the pressure relief measures planning unit plans and implements specific plans for drilling pressure relief in areas with high impact risks, including parameters such as the location, depth, and diameter of the borehole. For particularly dangerous areas, consider using controlled blasting to relieve pressure and formulate detailed blasting designs, including the amount of explosives, detonation sequence, etc.; the support and reinforcement measures unit is used to add temporary or permanent support facilities in high-risk areas, such as using high-strength anchors, combined support systems, etc., to improve the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, and fill cracks and cavities by injecting cement mortar or other reinforcement materials into the surrounding rock to improve the overall performance of the surrounding rock and reduce stress concentration; the emergency response unit is used to prepare a detailed emergency plan, clarify the responsibilities and handling procedures of personnel in each position when an impact ground pressure event occurs, and regularly review and update the plan content to ensure that it adapts to changes in mining conditions and technological advances.

[0063] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention; therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention, and any figure marks in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining, characterized in that: The specific steps of the method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting in cross-goaf mining are as follows: Step 1: Collect geological structure maps, coal seam occurrence characteristics, and physical and mechanical properties of surrounding rocks in the mining area to understand whether there are high-risk factors in the location of the coal to be mined. Conduct detailed on-site surveys of the working face to be mined, record the layout of the tunnels, support status, roof and floor conditions, pay attention to the relative position relationship between the cuts, and measure their deviations; Step 2: Determine whether there is a hard rock layer above the mining fracture area of ​​the working face, dynamically estimate the static stress based on the mining thickness, mining width, distance between adjacent working face support areas, and overburden conditions, and calculate the ultimate stress value before the rock layer breaks between the overburden fracture height of the single goaf area and the overburden fracture height of the double goaf area; Step 3: Based on the actual engineering parameters, a three-dimensional geomechanical model is constructed using the finite element method and discrete element method to simulate the impact of uneven cutting on the surrounding rock stress field under different conditions, including but not limited to single-sided advance and double-sided staggered. By changing the input parameters, the influence of the model on the impact hazard is studied to find the most unfavorable combination. For possible extreme situations, corresponding prevention and control plans are formulated, and the dynamic load is determined based on the mining monitoring of the No. 2 working face. Step 4: Use a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to determine the danger level of the No. 3 working face based on static stress and dynamic load, and divide the risk into four levels: none, weak, medium, and strong. Establish a special early warning indicator system. Once the monitoring data exceeds the set threshold, immediately activate the emergency plan, notify relevant personnel to evacuate the dangerous area, and regularly update and improve the early warning system to ensure its sensitivity and reliability; Step 5: Adjust the tunnel layout plan according to the prediction results to avoid the formation of structural forms that are not conducive to stress release, reasonably select support methods and parameters, enhance tunnel stability, reduce impact risks, and implement active protection measures such as drilling and blasting pressure relief in areas with high impact risks to release energy in advance; Step 6: After the prediction, continue to closely monitor the incision eye and its surrounding environment, regularly evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control, and adjust the strategy in a timely manner according to changes in actual conditions to ensure that it is always under control.

2. The method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 1, the measured deviation degree includes the misalignment amount and the tilt angle.

3. The method for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step three, the changed input parameters include the coal pillar width and the support strength.

4. The system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting in cross-goaf mining as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cross-goaf mining uneven cut impact hazard prediction system includes a data acquisition and processing module, a stress field simulation and analysis module, a risk assessment and early warning module, a prevention and control planning module, a decision support module, a monitoring feedback module and a communication network module; The data acquisition and processing module is used to deploy various types of high-precision sensors to capture the mechanical response information inside and on the surface of the rock mass in real time, and is responsible for the configuration, calibration and maintenance of the sensors to ensure the accuracy and stability of data acquisition, perform preliminary processing on the raw data, remove noise and outliers, improve data quality, realize the fusion of multi-source data, and integrate data from different types of sensors into a unified format; The stress field simulation and analysis module is used to establish an accurate rock mechanics model according to the actual geological conditions of the mining area, simulate the stress distribution under different working conditions, consider the influence of time factors, predict the change trend of stress as the mining activities progress, discover potential risk areas in advance, and study the influence of input parameters on impact hazards by changing them to find the most unfavorable combination; The risk assessment and early warning module is used to set a series of key indicators reflecting the degree of impact risk, such as stress concentration factor and energy release rate, and quantify and score them. According to the scoring results, the impact risk is divided into four levels: none, weak, medium and strong, providing a basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies. According to different risk levels, specific early warning thresholds are determined. Once the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, an alarm is immediately issued; The control planning module is used to adjust the tunnel layout plan based on the prediction results, and try to avoid the formation of structural forms that are not conducive to stress release. For areas with high impact risks, specific plans for implementing active protection measures such as drilling and blasting pressure relief are proposed. Detailed emergency plans are prepared for different types of emergencies that may occur, and the responsibilities and handling procedures of each position are clarified; The decision support module is used to combine the geological engineering knowledge base and the historical case library to provide scientific and reasonable decision-making suggestions for on-site technicians, use machine learning and deep learning algorithms to conduct in-depth mining of monitoring data, assist in identifying potential hidden dangers under complex conditions, and automatically trigger the alarm mechanism when necessary to notify relevant personnel to take emergency risk avoidance actions and guide subsequent disposal work; The monitoring feedback module is used to continue to closely monitor the incision eye and its surrounding environment after completing the preliminary prediction, regularly evaluate the prevention and control effects, record the experience and lessons learned during each prediction and response process, continuously improve the prediction technology and management system, and improve the overall prevention and control level; The communication network module is used to build a stable and efficient network environment to ensure fast uploading and remote access of large amounts of data.

5. The system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The data acquisition processing module includes a sensor network unit and a data acquisition terminal unit. The sensor network unit includes a strain gauge, a pressure sensor, an accelerometer, a displacement sensor, a microseismic monitor, and a temperature and humidity sensor; the data acquisition terminal unit includes a data collector.

6. The system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The stress field simulation and analysis module includes a three-dimensional geological model construction unit, an initial stress field determination unit, a dynamic stress evolution simulation unit, a stress concentration area identification unit and a sensitivity analysis unit.

7. The system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The risk assessment and early warning module includes a data integration processing unit, a feature extraction and recognition unit, a risk assessment unit, a threshold setting unit and an automatic alarm notification unit.

8. The system for predicting the impact hazard of uneven cutting holes in cross-goaf mining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The prevention and control planning module includes an optimization design unit, a pressure relief measures planning unit, a support and reinforcement measures unit, and an emergency response unit.

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