Osteotomy and assembly integrated guide plate for thighbone mechanics experiment

Abstract

The invention discloses an osteotomy and assembly integrated guide plate for a thighbone mechanics experiment, and relates to the technical field of orthopedic mechanics experiments. The osteotomy and assembly integrated guide plate for the thighbone mechanics experiment comprises a first main clamping plate, a second main clamping plate, a first auxiliary clamping plate and a second auxiliary clamping plate, and the first main clamping plate, the second main clamping plate, the first auxiliary clamping plate and the second auxiliary clamping plate are fastened through bolts and form a fixing sleeve wrapping the end of a thighbone; the head of the femur is wrapped by the four clamping plates and then cut, compared with a current direct cutting mode, the cutting face is smoother, the position is controllable, two sections of femur can be assembled again through tightening after cutting, the femur alignment effect in nine states can be formed by adjusting the positions of the clamping plates, display and research are facilitated, and the application range is wide. Due to the integrated design of the osteotomy assembly guide plate, the difficulty required for making a fracture model can be integrated on one guide plate, and the operation is simple, convenient and rapid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic mechanics experiments, and in particular to an integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments. Background Art

[0002] During the osteotomy modeling of intertrochanteric fracture biomechanics experiments, errors often occur during manual operation and measurement, resulting in poor consistency of modeling specimens and unreliable experimental results. The osteotomy guide proposed by the General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army embeds a section of the femur and performs osteotomy on the bone block. This method only limits the osteotomy freedom of the proximal femur, but does not limit the freedom of the distal end, and does not limit the osteotomy angle.

[0003] In the existing femoral biomechanical experiments, the stability of internal fixation under different reduction conditions of the proximal femur is a research hotspot at this stage. However, during modeling and assembly, there is a lack of effective assembly guide devices, which leads to changes in the original positioning mode of the fracture model during the internal fixation implantation operation stage, affecting the experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments, which solves the problems existing in the existing osteotomy modeling for biomechanical experiments of intertrochanteric fractures of the femur.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments, comprising a first main splint, a second main splint, a first auxiliary splint and a second auxiliary main splint, wherein the first main splint, the second main splint, the first auxiliary splint and the second auxiliary main splint are fastened by bolts to form a fixing sleeve that wraps the end of the femur;

[0006] When the first main plate and the second main plate are connected, a cutting gap is separated by a limiting isolation structure, and the limiting isolation structure assists in limiting the mutual deflection of the first main plate and the second main plate;

[0007] Fine-adjustment structures are provided at positions corresponding to the bolt fixings on the first main plate and the second main plate. By staggering the fixing bolts with the fine-adjustment structures on the first main plate and the second main plate, the two femur sections fixed on the first main plate and the second main plate can be staggered by one cortical thickness in four directions.

[0008] Preferably, the first main splint, the second main splint, the first auxiliary splint and the second auxiliary main splint are all formed by 3D printing after scanning the shape of the femur, and nail holes for bone screw implantation are reserved on the top and one side of the bottom between the first main splint, the second main splint, the first auxiliary splint and the second auxiliary main splint.

[0009] Preferably, bolt seats for bolts to penetrate and fix are provided on the outer side of the connecting surface between the first main plate and the first auxiliary plate and on the outer side of the connecting surface between the second main plate and the second auxiliary main plate. The first main plate is connected to the first auxiliary plate, and the second main plate is connected to the second auxiliary main plate.

[0010] Preferably, the first main plate includes a first jacket and a first fixing strip, the second main plate includes a second jacket and a second fixing strip, and the first fixing strip is fixed to the second fixing strip by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the fine-tuning structure includes a first positioning hole group opened on the first fixing bar and a second positioning hole group opened on the second fixing bar, the first positioning hole group is distributed in the form of three mahjong stripes, and has three groups, and the second positioning hole group is distributed in the form of two mahjong cakes, and has two positioning holes.

[0012] Preferably, the three groups of first positioning hole groups are each composed of three partially overlapping through holes, the center distance between two adjacent through holes is equal to the thickness of one cortex, and the center distance between two parallel rows of through holes is the thickness of two cortexes.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting isolation structure includes a U-shaped extension sleeve mounted outside the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar, the U-shaped extension sleeve is integrally fixed to the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar by bolts, and the inner side wall of the U-shaped extension sleeve fits the side surfaces of the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting isolation structure also includes a separator sandwiched between the first fixing strip and the second fixing strip, a hand-held structure is extended from one corner of the separator, and a notch adapted to the hand-held structure is also provided on one side of the U-shaped extension sleeve for positioning the separator.

[0015] Preferably, both sides of the separator are provided with limiting strips, and the opposite sides of the first fixing strip and the second fixing strip are provided with positioning grooves adapted to the limiting strips, and the positioning grooves extend along the length direction of the first fixing strip and the second fixing strip and have a length greater than the length of the limiting strip. The first fixing strip is provided with one row of positioning grooves, and the second fixing strip is provided with three rows of positioning grooves in parallel, and the center distance between two adjacent rows of positioning grooves is the thickness of a cortex.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a display stand for standing the femur for display, and the display stand includes a supporting vertical bar and a stable base arranged at the bottom end thereof.

[0017] The present invention provides an integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide for femoral mechanics experiments can 3D print a matching splint set based on the scanned femoral physical size. The head of the femur is wrapped with four splints before cutting. The cutting position is accurate, and compared with the current direct cutting method, the cutting surface is smoother and the position is controllable. After cutting, the two femurs can be tightened and assembled again. By adjusting the position of the splints, the two femurs can be installed facing each other and dislocated at eight angles, forming 9 states of femoral alignment effects, which is convenient for display and research. The integrated design of the osteotomy assembly guide can solve the difficulties required for fracture modeling on one guide, which is simple and quick.

[0019] 2. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments has positioning hole groups and through holes in a special staggered form arranged on the fixing strips of the first main splint and the first auxiliary splint, so that the installation of one bolt can achieve staggered effects in different directions, and the structure is simple and practical.

[0020] 3. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments has a U-shaped extension sleeve in the limiting isolation structure that can cover the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar, and hold the two from the side, thereby avoiding the problem of easy deflection and dislocation of the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar caused by using one bolt to fix them. A separator is provided between the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar, which can separate the first main splint and the second main splint by a cutting distance, and can also further limit the angle of the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar by utilizing the cooperation of the limiting strip and the positioning groove, thereby improving stability.

[0021] 4. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide for femoral mechanics experiments can be installed in conjunction with a splint by providing a display bracket, so that the cut and fixed femur can be erected for display. The display bracket has a simple structure and is easy to install, which is convenient for experimenters to view and compare. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting state assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first main plate and the second main plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 An exploded view of the position limiting isolation structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the limiting isolation structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the limiting isolation structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-first main plate, 11-first jacket, 12-first fixing strip, 13-first positioning hole group; 2-second main plate, 21-second jacket, 22-second fixing strip, 23-second positioning hole group;

[0029] 3-First pair of splints;

[0030] 4- Second main plate;

[0031] 5-limiting isolation structure, 51-U-shaped extension sleeve, 511-notch, 52-separator, 521-handheld structure, 522-limiting strip, 53-positioning groove;

[0032] 6-bolt seat;

[0033] 7-display stand, 71-supporting upright, 72-stabilizing base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 , the present invention provides the following four technical solutions:

[0036] The first embodiment: an integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments, comprising a first main splint 1, a second main splint 2, a first auxiliary splint 3, and a second auxiliary main splint 4, wherein the first main splint 1, the second main splint 2, the first auxiliary splint 3, and the second auxiliary main splint 4 are fastened by bolts to form a fixing sleeve that wraps the end of the femur;

[0037] When the first main plate 1 and the second main plate 2 are connected, a cutting gap is separated by a limiting isolation structure 5. The gap between the first main plate 1 and the second main plate 2 can accommodate cutting tools such as a wire saw, a saw blade and an angle grinder, and plays a good guiding role. The limiting isolation structure 5 assists in limiting the mutual deflection of the first main plate 1 and the second main plate 2.

[0038] Fine-adjustment structures are provided at positions corresponding to the bolt fixings on the first main plate 1 and the second main plate 2. By staggering the fixing bolts of the fine-adjustment structures on the first main plate 1 and the second main plate 2, the two femur sections fixed on the first main plate 1 and the second main plate 2 can be staggered by one cortical thickness in four directions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first main splint 1, the second main splint 2, the first auxiliary splint 3 and the second auxiliary main splint 4 are all formed by 3D printing after scanning the shape of the femur, and nail holes for bone screw implantation are reserved on the top and one side of the bottom between the first main splint 1, the second main splint 2, the first auxiliary splint 3 and the second auxiliary main splint 4.

[0040] According to the scanned femur entity size, a matching splint set can be 3D printed in a targeted manner. The head of the femur is wrapped with four splints before cutting. The cutting position is accurate, and compared with the current direct cutting method, the cutting surface is smoother and the position is controllable. After cutting, the two femurs can be tightened and assembled again. By adjusting the position of the splints, the two femurs can be installed facing each other and misaligned at eight angles. The eight angles are four directions of up, down, left, right and four angles, forming nine states of femoral alignment effects, which are convenient for display and research. A set of guide plate structures has multiple functions and is easy to use.

[0041] The second embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that bolt seats 6 for bolts to penetrate and fix are provided on the outer sides of the connecting surfaces of the first main plate 1 and the first auxiliary plate 3 and on the outer sides of the connecting surfaces of the second main plate 2 and the second auxiliary main plate 4, the first main plate 1 is connected to the first auxiliary plate 3, and the second main plate 2 is connected to the second auxiliary main plate 4.

[0042] The first main plate 1 includes a first jacket 11 and a first fixing strip 12, and the second main plate 2 includes a second jacket 21 and a second fixing strip 22. The first fixing strip 12 and the second fixing strip 22 are fixed by bolts.

[0043] The fine-tuning structure includes a first positioning hole group 13 opened on the first fixing bar 12 and a second positioning hole group 23 opened on the second fixing bar 22. The first positioning hole group 13 is distributed in three groups in the form of three mahjong stripes, and the second positioning hole group 23 is distributed in the form of two mahjong cakes. The three groups of first positioning hole groups 13 are all composed of three partially overlapping through holes. The center distance between two adjacent through holes is equal to the thickness of one cortex, and the center distance between two parallel rows of through holes is the thickness of two cortexes.

[0044] By arranging a special staggered positioning hole group and through holes on the fixing strips of the first main plate 1 and the first auxiliary plate 3, staggered effects in different directions can be achieved by installing one bolt, and the structure is simple and practical.

[0045] The third embodiment mainly differs from the second embodiment in that: the limiting isolation structure 5 includes a U-shaped extension sleeve 51 sleeved outside the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22, the U-shaped extension sleeve 51 is integrally fixed to the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22 by bolts, and the inner side wall of the U-shaped extension sleeve 51 is in contact with the side surfaces of the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22;

[0046] The limiting isolation structure 5 also includes a separator 52 sandwiched between the first fixing strip 12 and the second fixing strip 22. A hand-held structure 521 is extended from one corner of the separator 52. A notch 511 adapted to the hand-held structure 521 is also provided on one side of the U-shaped extension sleeve 51 for positioning the separator 52.

[0047] Both sides of the separator 52 are provided with limiting strips 522, and the opposite sides of the first fixing strip 12 and the second fixing strip 22 are provided with positioning grooves 53 adapted to the limiting strips 522. The positioning grooves 53 extend along the length direction of the first fixing strip 12 and the second fixing strip 22 and the length is greater than the length of the limiting strip 522. The first fixing strip 12 is provided with one row of positioning grooves 53, and the second fixing strip 22 is provided with three rows of positioning grooves 53 in parallel, and the center distance between two adjacent rows of positioning grooves 53 is the thickness of a cortex. The three rows of positioning grooves 53 are consistent with the three groups of first positioning hole groups 13, and are used to match and adjust the offset width of the first main splint 1 and the second main splint 2.

[0048] The U-shaped extension sleeve 51 in the limiting isolation structure 5 can cover the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22, and support the two from the side, thereby avoiding the problem of easy deflection and dislocation of the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22 caused by using one bolt to fix them. A separator 52 is set between the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22. While separating the first main splint 1 and the second main splint 2 by a cutting distance, the limiting strip 522 and the positioning groove 53 can be used to further limit the angle of the first fixing bar 12 and the second fixing bar 22 to improve stability.

[0049] The fourth embodiment is mainly different from the third embodiment in that the guide plate also includes a display bracket 7 for standing up the femur for display. The display bracket 7 includes a supporting vertical bar 71 and a stable base 72 arranged at the bottom end thereof. The stable base 72 is supported in the form of a round plate or a square plate. In order to achieve a better stabilizing effect, a suction cup, a magnet or other structures can be added to the bottom surface of the stable base 72 to increase stability. The suction cup can be sucked on a smooth table top, and the magnet can be sucked on a steel table top.

[0050] By setting up a display bracket 7, it can be installed in conjunction with the splint to stand up the cut and fixed femur for display. The display bracket 7 has a simple structure and is easy to install, which is convenient for experimenters to check and compare.

[0051] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0052] The principle of use is:

[0053] First, scan the femoral head, model the femoral head based on the scanned structure, and then further model the guide plate model, and then print out the various structures of the guide plate through 3D printing;

[0054] When in use, first use four splints to wrap the femoral head, and sandwich a separator 52 between the first main splint 1 and the fixing strips of the first jacket 11, so that the limiting strip 522 is stuck in the positioning groove 53, and then the U-shaped extension sleeve 51 is put on the outside, and the U-shaped extension sleeve 51, the limiting strip 522, the first fixing strip 12 and the second fixing strip 22 are fastened with bolts, and then the bolt seats 6 of the first main splint 1, the second main splint 2, the first auxiliary splint 3 and the second auxiliary main splint 4 are fixed to each other with bolts to achieve overall fixed assembly. At this time, the gap between the first main splint 1 and the second main splint 2 can be cut to cut the femoral head, and then the limiting isolation structure 5 can be disassembled and the bolts can be tightened, so that the femur and the cut part can be combined and displayed, and then bone screws can be driven in from the bottom and the lower side for fixation;

[0055] If it is necessary to stand it upright for display, the supporting vertical bar 71 can be fixed to the outside of the fixing bar by bolts, and the femur can be supported by the stable base 72 to stand it upright for display.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments, characterized in that: It comprises a first main plate, a second main plate, a first auxiliary plate and a second auxiliary main plate, wherein the first main plate, the second main plate, the first auxiliary plate and the second auxiliary main plate are fastened by bolts to form a fixing sleeve wrapping the end of the femur; When the first main plate and the second main plate are connected, a cutting gap is separated by a limiting isolation structure, and the limiting isolation structure assists in limiting the mutual deflection of the first main plate and the second main plate; Fine-adjustment structures are provided at positions corresponding to the bolt fixings on the first main plate and the second main plate. By staggering the fixing bolts with the fine-adjustment structures on the first main plate and the second main plate, the two femur sections fixed on the first main plate and the second main plate can be staggered by one cortical thickness in four directions.

2. The osteotomy assembly integrated guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first main splint, the second main splint, the first auxiliary splint and the second auxiliary main splint are all formed by 3D printing after scanning the shape of the femur, and nail holes for bone screw implantation are reserved on the top and one side of the bottom between the first main splint, the second main splint, the first auxiliary splint and the second auxiliary main splint.

3. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolt seats for bolts to penetrate and fix are arranged on the outer side of the connection surface between the first main plate and the first auxiliary plate and on the outer side of the connection surface between the second main plate and the second auxiliary main plate. The first main plate is connected to the first auxiliary plate, and the second main plate is connected to the second auxiliary main plate.

4. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first main plate includes a first jacket and a first fixing strip, the second main plate includes a second jacket and a second fixing strip, and the first fixing strip is fixed to the second fixing strip by bolts.

5. The osteotomy assembly integrated guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fine-tuning structure includes a first positioning hole group opened on the first fixing bar and a second positioning hole group opened on the second fixing bar. The first positioning hole group is distributed in three groups in the form of three mahjong stripes, and the second positioning hole group is distributed in two groups in the form of two mahjong cakes.

6. The osteotomy assembly integrated guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three first positioning hole groups are all composed of three partially overlapping through holes, the center distance between two adjacent through holes is equal to the thickness of one cortex, and the center distance between two parallel rows of through holes is the thickness of two cortexes.

7. The integrated osteotomy assembly guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting isolation structure includes a U-shaped extension sleeve sleeved outside the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar, the U-shaped extension sleeve is integrally fixed to the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar by bolts, and the inner side wall of the U-shaped extension sleeve is in contact with the side surfaces of the first fixing bar and the second fixing bar.

8. The osteotomy assembly integrated guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting isolation structure also includes a separator sandwiched between the first fixing strip and the second fixing strip, a hand-held structure is extended from one corner of the separator, and a notch adapted to the hand-held structure is provided on one side of the U-shaped extension sleeve for positioning the separator.

9. The osteotomy assembly integrated guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both sides of the separator are provided with limiting strips, and the opposite sides of the first fixing strip and the second fixing strip are provided with positioning grooves adapted to the limiting strips, and the positioning grooves extend along the length direction of the first fixing strip and the second fixing strip and are longer than the length of the limiting strips. The first fixing strip is provided with one row of positioning grooves, and the second fixing strip is provided with three rows of positioning grooves in parallel, and the center distance between two adjacent rows of positioning grooves is the thickness of a cortex.

10. The osteotomy assembly integrated guide plate for femoral mechanics experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display stand for standing up the femur for display, and the display stand includes a supporting vertical bar and a stable base arranged at the bottom end thereof.

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