Microbial fuel cell, pond sludge treatment system and method
By designing a microbial fuel cell pond sludge treatment system, using knobs and cam structures to improve the filtration effect, and maintaining sludge flow through a stirring mechanism, the problem of poor filtration of sludge treatment systems in the prior art is solved, and efficient sludge treatment and resource utilization are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510071805.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing pond silt treatment system is prone to blockage of the filter holes by particulate matter during filtration, resulting in poor filtration effect and rate. At the same time, the silt cannot be distributed evenly, resulting in some filter holes being unable to participate in the filtration process.
A microbial fuel cell pond sludge treatment system is designed, including sludge collection module, filtration module, organic matter degradation module and solid-liquid separation module. By setting structures such as knobs and cams, the filtration effect is improved, and the sludge flowability is maintained through the agitator to avoid particulate matter accumulation and blockage.
It effectively avoids the accumulation of particulate matter in the sludge on the surface of the filter plate, ensures that each filter hole can fully participate in the filtration process, improves the filtration rate and efficiency, and facilitates the subsequent reduction, harmless and resource-based treatment of the sludge through microbial fuel cells.
Smart Images
Figure CN119994130A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and in particular relates to a microbial fuel cell, a pond sludge treatment system and a method. Background Art
[0002] In many areas of my country, especially in rural areas and areas around lakes, ponds are common freshwater ecosystems that perform functions such as water storage, irrigation, and aquaculture. However, over time, the silt at the bottom of the pond gradually accumulates, which not only affects the function of the water area, but also becomes a potential source of environmental and health risks. The silt contains a large amount of organic matter, heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients. If it is discharged directly without treatment or randomly piled up, it will not only cause water quality deterioration, but also release harmful substances, posing a threat to the surrounding ecological environment. Microbial fuel cells are components that convert chemical energy into electrical energy through the catalytic reaction of microorganisms. A typical microbial fuel cell consists of an anode, a cathode, and a proton exchange membrane. Microorganisms decompose oxidized fuels at the anode and produce electrons and protons at the same time. Electrons can reach the cathode through an external circuit, while protons reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane. Electrons and protons are consumed at the cathode to combine with oxygen to produce water. Therefore, microbial fuel cells are an important means to achieve the reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization of sludge and sludge.
[0003] In the existing pond sludge treatment system, only a single filter plate is usually used to filter the sludge. Not only is it easy for the filter holes to be blocked by particulate matter, resulting in poor filtering effect and rate, but the sludge cannot be evenly distributed on the filter plate, resulting in some filter holes being unable to participate in the filtration process. Therefore, a pond sludge treatment device is proposed. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that when filtering sludge, usually only a single filter plate is used, which is not only easy to be blocked by particulate matter, resulting in poor filtering effect and rate, but also the sludge cannot be evenly distributed on the filter plate, resulting in some filter holes unable to participate in the filtration process. The present invention provides a microbial fuel cell, a pond sludge treatment system and method.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A microbial fuel cell, applied to a pond sludge treatment system; comprising an anode chamber, an anode, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode chamber, a cathode, an external circuit, a microbial community, and a substrate; The anode chamber contains a culture medium rich in organic matter and a microbial flora, where the microorganisms decompose organic matter and release electrons; the anode is usually made of carbon material to capture these electrons; the cathode material is an air cathode, which accepts electrons and protons from oxygen in the air to generate water; the diaphragm is located between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, allowing ions to pass but blocking electrons to maintain charge balance; the external circuit connects the anode and the cathode to form a closed circuit, allowing electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode to generate current; the microbial community decomposes organic matter in the anode chamber, releasing electrons and protons, and the electrons flow to the cathode through the wire (external circuit), and the protons enter the cathode chamber through the proton exchange membrane, and at the cathode, the electrons react with the protons and oxygen to generate water, completing the electrochemical reaction and generating usable current.
[0006] In a further embodiment the pond sludge treatment system comprises: Silt collection module: collects silt from the bottom of the pond through a suction dredger or a special sludge pump; Filtration module: Use the filtration structure to initially remove large solids to prepare for entering the microbial fuel cell; Organic matter degradation module: Organic matter is metabolized by microorganisms in the microbial fuel cell. Microorganisms metabolize organic matter in an anaerobic environment, releasing electrons and hydrogen ions. Electrons pass through the external circuit to form current, and hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane to reach the anode area; Solid-liquid separation module: The treated sludge is separated into solid and liquid parts. The solid part can be used as biofertilizer or for making biomass fuel, and the clean water is injected back into the pond.
[0007] This process degrades organic matter while producing electricity and clean water. The electricity generated can keep the microbial fuel cell running.
[0008] A pond sludge treatment device 1 comprises a filtering mechanism, wherein the filtering mechanism is arranged inside a main body mechanism, and a stirring mechanism is arranged above the main body mechanism; The filter mechanism comprises a filter housing, the interior of the filter housing is fixedly connected with a threaded hole, the interior of the threaded hole is rotatably connected with a screw rod, the screw rod is fixedly connected with a knob, the interior of the filter housing is provided with a first slide groove, the interior of the first slide groove is slidably connected with a first filter plate, a second filter plate is provided inside the filter housing, a baffle is fixedly connected with the top of the second filter plate, a plurality of filter holes are evenly provided on the first filter plate and the second filter plate, both sides of the first filter plate and the second filter plate are fixedly connected with limiting blocks, a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected with the side of the first filter plate, both sides of the inner wall of the first slide groove are provided with first limiting grooves, the inner wall of the first slide groove is provided with a plurality of sliding holes, the bottom of the filter housing is fixedly connected with a plurality of first sliding rods, and the bottom of the filter housing is fixedly connected with an inclined plate.
[0009] Preferably, the end of the screw rod away from the knob is rotatably connected to the first filter plate, the inclined plate is located between several first sliding rods, the second filter plate is clamped between the inner wall of the filter housing through a limit block, the second filter plate is located above the first filter plate, and the support rod is slidably connected to the sliding hole.
[0010] Preferably, the main mechanism includes a main shell, the main shell is provided with a groove, the top of the main shell is fixedly connected to a support frame, the interior of the main shell is provided with a second slide groove, the inner wall of the second slide groove is fixedly connected to two anti-collision pads, the bottom of the main shell is provided with a discharge hole, the interior of the main shell is fixedly connected to a first motor, and the first motor is rotatably connected to a cam.
[0011] Preferably, the discharge hole is communicated with the second slide groove, the filter housing is slidably connected with the second slide groove, the knob is located inside the groove, the two anti-collision pads are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the filter housing, the first slide rod passes through the anti-collision pad and is slidably connected with the inner wall of the main housing, the first filter plate is located above the discharge hole, the top of the cam is against the bottom of the filter housing, the inclined plate is located inside the discharge hole, and the second filter plate is located below the support frame.
[0012] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a second motor, the bottom of the second motor is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a slide groove, the inner wall of the slide groove is fixedly connected to a spring, second limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the slide groove, the inside of the slide groove is slidably connected to a second slide rod, the bottom of the second slide rod is fixedly connected to a connecting block, the side of the connecting block is fixedly connected to four scrapers, and the side of the connecting block is rotatably connected to four stirring rods.
[0013] Preferably, the four connecting blocks and the four stirring rods are staggered, the top of the second sliding rod is fixedly connected to the limiting block, the second sliding rod is slidably connected to the second limiting groove through the limiting block, and the scraper is provided with an inclined surface.
[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, the rotating shaft passes through the top of the support frame and extends to the bottom of the support frame, and the bottom of the scraper is in contact with the top of the second filter plate.
[0015] A method for treating pond sludge, the method comprising: S1. First, according to the specific composition and characteristics of the sludge, turn the knob to rotate the screw. The screw will move inside the threaded hole through the thread, driving the first filter plate to slide inside the first chute, so that the filter holes on the first filter plate are misaligned with the filter holes on the second filter plate, and the size of the space that can pass through is adjusted; S2. Then, the collected sludge is poured from top to bottom onto the top of the second filter plate, and at the same time, the first motor is started to rotate the cam. When the protruding part of the cam abuts against the bottom of the filter housing, the filter housing is pressed upward, so that the filter housing moves upward inside the second chute, so that the top of the filter housing abuts against the anti-collision pad located above the filter housing. When the protruding part of the cam is no longer abutted against the bottom of the filter housing, the filter housing is reset under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the anti-collision pad, so that the first filter plate and the second filter plate inside the filter housing vibrate, and the particles in the sludge can be effectively prevented from accumulating on the filter plate surface through vibration; S3. Simultaneously, the second motor is started to rotate the rotating shaft. Since the second sliding rod is slidably connected to the second limiting groove through the limiting block, the rotation of the rotating shaft will drive the second sliding rod to rotate, thereby driving the scraper and the stirring rod to rotate on the top of the second filter plate through the connecting block. When the second filter plate moves upward, the top of the second filter plate will squeeze the connecting block, so that the second sliding rod moves upward inside the sliding groove and squeezes the spring. When the second filter plate moves downward, the connecting block will move downward under the action of the elastic force of the sliding groove, so that the connecting block always contacts the top of the second filter plate, and the sludge on the top of the second filter plate is stirred to keep the sludge in good fluidity and avoid poor filtration due to local condensation. The filtered sludge is poured into the microbial fuel cell, and the organic matter in the liquid is metabolized by the microorganisms therein.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention improves the filtering effect of the device by arranging the cooperation of structures such as a knob and a cam. The size of the filter hole is adjusted by rotating the knob, and the first motor is started to vibrate the first filter plate and the second filter plate inside the filter housing. The vibration can effectively prevent the accumulation of particles in the sludge on the surface of the filter plate, and the particles entering the filter hole will be moved out of the filter hole under the action of the vibration to prevent the blockage phenomenon. At the same time, the sludge can be evenly distributed, ensuring that each filter hole can fully participate in the filtering process, and the filtering rate is improved, so that it is convenient to reduce the amount of filtered sludge, make it harmless and recycle it through the microbial fuel cell in the future. The present invention solves the problem of clogging caused by accumulation of sludge below the pouring port by arranging the cooperation of structures such as a scraper and a stirring rod. The second motor is started to make the connecting block always abut against the top of the second filter plate. The sludge on the top of the second filter plate is stirred by the scraper and the stirring rod to keep the sludge in good fluidity, avoid poor filtration due to local condensation, and further improve the filtration efficiency. At the same time, particles moved out of the filter hole due to vibration can be scraped away to avoid them re-entering the filter hole and causing clogging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the stirring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the stirring rod and the connecting block of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the limiting block and the first limiting groove of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the filtering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the scraper and the second filter plate of the present invention.
[0018] In the figure: 1. Filter mechanism; 101. Filter housing; 102. Threaded hole; 103. Screw rod; 104. Knob; 105. First slide groove; 106. First filter plate; 107. Second filter plate; 108. Baffle plate; 109. Filter hole; 110. Limit block; 111. Support rod; 112. First limit groove; 113. Slide hole; 114. First slide rod; 115. Inclined plate; 2. Main mechanism; 201 , main body shell; 202, groove; 203, support frame; 204, second slide groove; 205, anti-collision pad; 206, discharge hole; 207, first motor; 208, cam; 3, stirring mechanism; 301, second motor; 302, rotating shaft; 303, slide groove; 304, spring; 305, second limiting groove; 306, second slide rod; 307, connecting block; 308, scraper; 309, stirring rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a microbial fuel cell comprises an anode chamber, an anode, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode chamber, a cathode, an external circuit, a microbial community, and a substrate; The anode chamber contains a culture medium rich in organic matter and a microbial flora, where the microorganisms decompose organic matter and release electrons; the anode is usually made of carbon material to capture these electrons; the cathode material is an air cathode, which accepts electrons and protons from oxygen in the air to generate water; the diaphragm is located between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, allowing ions to pass but blocking electrons to maintain charge balance; the external circuit connects the anode and the cathode to form a closed circuit, allowing electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode to generate current; the microbial community decomposes organic matter in the anode chamber, releasing electrons and protons, and the electrons flow to the cathode through the wire (external circuit), and the protons enter the cathode chamber through the proton exchange membrane, and at the cathode, the electrons react with the protons and oxygen to generate water, completing the electrochemical reaction and generating usable current.
[0021] A pond sludge treatment system, comprising the following: Silt collection module: collects silt from the bottom of the pond through a suction dredger or a special sludge pump; Filtration module: Use the filtration structure to initially remove large solids to prepare for entering the microbial fuel cell; Organic matter degradation module: Organic matter is metabolized by microorganisms in the microbial fuel cell. Microorganisms metabolize organic matter in an anaerobic environment, releasing electrons and hydrogen ions. Electrons pass through the external circuit to form current, and hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane to reach the anode area; Solid-liquid separation module: The treated sludge is separated into solid and liquid parts. The solid part can be used as biofertilizer or for making biomass fuel, and the clean water is injected back into the pond.
[0022] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a pond sludge treatment device, comprising a filtering mechanism 1, the filtering mechanism 1 is arranged inside a main body mechanism 2, and a stirring mechanism 3 is arranged above the main body mechanism 2; The filter mechanism 1 includes a filter housing 101, a threaded hole 102 is fixedly connected inside the filter housing 101, a screw rod 103 is rotatably connected inside the threaded hole 102, a knob 104 is fixedly connected to the screw rod 103, a first slide groove 105 is provided inside the filter housing 101, a first filter plate 106 is slidably connected inside the first slide groove 105, a second filter plate 107 is provided inside the filter housing 101, a baffle 108 is fixedly connected to the top of the second filter plate 107, and the first filter plate 106 and the second filter plate 107 are fixedly connected. A plurality of filter holes 109 are evenly arranged on the filter plate 107, limiting blocks 110 are fixedly connected to both sides of the first filter plate 106 and the second filter plate 107, a plurality of support rods 111 are fixedly connected to the side of the first filter plate 106, first limiting grooves 112 are arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the first slide groove 105, a plurality of sliding holes 113 are arranged on the inner wall of the first slide groove 105, a plurality of first sliding rods 114 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter housing 101, and an inclined plate 115 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter housing 101.
[0023] One end of the screw rod 103 away from the knob 104 is rotationally connected to the first filter plate 106, the inclined plate 115 is located between several first sliding rods 114, the second filter plate 107 is clamped between the inner wall of the filter housing 101 through the limit block 110, the second filter plate 107 is located above the first filter plate 106, and the support rod 111 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 113.
[0024] The main body mechanism 2 includes a main body shell 201, the main body shell 201 is provided with a groove 202, the top of the main body shell 201 is fixedly connected to a support frame 203, the inside of the main body shell 201 is provided with a second slide groove 204, the inner wall of the second slide groove 204 is fixedly connected to two anti-collision pads 205, the bottom of the main body shell 201 is provided with a discharge hole 206, the inside of the main body shell 201 is fixedly connected to a first motor 207, the first motor 207 is rotatably connected to a cam 208, and the discharge hole 206 and the second slide groove 204 are connected. The filter housing 101 is connected with the second slide groove 204 by sliding connection, the knob 104 is located inside the groove 202, the two anti-collision pads 205 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the filter housing 101, the first slide bar 114 passes through the anti-collision pad 205 and is slidably connected with the inner wall of the main housing 201, the first filter plate 106 is located above the discharge hole 206, the top of the cam 208 is against the bottom of the filter housing 101, the inclined plate 115 is located inside the discharge hole 206, and the second filter plate 107 is located below the support frame 203.
[0025] The above scheme is adopted: by setting the cooperation of the structures such as the knob 104 and the cam 208, the filtering effect of the device is improved. According to the specific composition and characteristics of the sludge, the knob 104 is turned to rotate the screw rod 103. The rotation of the screw rod 103 will move inside the threaded hole 102 through the thread, driving the first filter plate 106 to slide inside the first slide groove 105, so that the filter hole 109 on the first filter plate 106 is misaligned with the filter hole 109 on the second filter plate 107, and the size of the space that can pass is adjusted to achieve more effective particle interception, improve the filtering quality and efficiency, and then start the first motor 207 to rotate the cam 208. When the protruding part of the cam 208 abuts against the bottom of the filter housing 101, it will squeeze the filter housing 101 upwards, so that the filter housing 101 is inside the second slide groove 204 Move upward so that the top of the filter housing 101 is against the anti-collision pad 205 located above the filter housing 101. When the protruding part of the cam 208 is no longer against the bottom of the filter housing 101, the filter housing 101 will be reset under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the anti-collision pad 205, so that the first filter plate 106 and the second filter plate 107 inside the filter housing 101 will vibrate. The vibration can effectively prevent the particles in the sludge from accumulating on the surface of the filter plate, and the particles entering the filter hole 109 will be moved out of the filter hole 109 under the action of vibration to prevent clogging. At the same time, the sludge can be evenly distributed, ensuring that each filter hole can fully participate in the filtration process and improve the filtration rate, so as to facilitate the subsequent reduction, harmlessness and resource recovery of the filtered sludge through the microbial fuel cell.
[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the stirring mechanism 3 includes a second motor 301, the bottom of the second motor 301 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 302, the bottom of the rotating shaft 302 is provided with a slide groove 303, the inner wall of the slide groove 303 is fixedly connected to a spring 304, the inner wall of the slide groove 303 is provided with a second limiting groove 305 on both sides, the inside of the slide groove 303 is slidably connected to a second slide rod 306, the bottom of the second slide rod 306 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 307, the side of the connecting block 307 is fixedly connected to four scrapers 308, and the side of the connecting block 307 is rotatably connected to There are four stirring rods 309, four connecting blocks 307 and the four stirring rods 309 are staggered, the top of the second slide bar 306 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 110, the second slide bar 306 is slidably connected to the second limiting groove 305 through the limiting block 110, an inclined surface is provided on the scraper 308, the bottom of the second motor 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 203, the rotating shaft 302 passes through the top of the support frame 203 and extends to the bottom of the support frame 203, and the bottom of the scraper 308 contacts the top of the second filter plate 107.
[0027] The above solution is adopted: by setting the cooperation of the scraper 308 and the stirring rod 309 and other structures, the problem of sludge accumulation below the pouring port causing blockage is solved, the second motor 301 is started to rotate the shaft 302, because the second slide bar 306 is slidably connected with the second limit groove 305 through the limit block 110, the rotation of the shaft 302 will drive the second slide bar 306 to rotate, thereby driving the scraper 308 and the stirring rod 309 to rotate on the top of the second filter plate 107 through the connecting block 307, when the second filter plate 107 goes up, the top of the second filter plate 107 will squeeze the connecting block 307, so that the second slide bar 30 6 moves upward inside the chute 303 and squeezes the spring 304. When the second filter plate 107 moves downward, the connecting block 307 moves downward under the action of the elastic force of the chute 303, so that the connecting block 307 always contacts the top of the second filter plate 107. The sludge on the top of the second filter plate 107 is stirred by the scraper 308 and the stirring rod 309 to keep the sludge in good fluidity, avoid poor filtration due to local condensation, and further improve the filtration efficiency. At the same time, the particles removed from the filter hole 109 due to vibration can be scraped away to avoid them from entering the filter hole 109 again and clogging the filter hole 109.
[0028] A method for treating pond sludge, the method is as follows: S1. First, according to the specific composition and characteristics of the sludge, the knob 104 is turned to rotate the screw rod 103. The screw rod 103 rotates and moves inside the threaded hole 102 through the thread, driving the first filter plate 106 to slide inside the first slide groove 105, so that the filter hole 109 on the first filter plate 106 is misaligned with the filter hole 109 on the second filter plate 107, and the size of the space that can pass through is adjusted; S2. Then, the collected sludge is poured from top to bottom onto the top of the second filter plate 107, and at the same time, the first motor 207 is started to rotate the cam 208. When the protruding portion of the cam 208 abuts against the bottom of the filter housing 101, the filter housing 101 is pressed upward, so that the filter housing 101 moves upward inside the second chute 204, so that the top of the filter housing 101 abuts against the anti-collision pad 205 located above the filter housing 101. When the protruding portion of the cam 208 is no longer abutted against the bottom of the filter housing 101, the filter housing 101 is reset under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the anti-collision pad 205, so that the first filter plate 106 and the second filter plate 107 inside the filter housing 101 vibrate, and the particles in the sludge can be effectively prevented from accumulating on the filter plate surface through vibration; S3, at the same time, the second motor 301 is started to rotate the shaft 302. Because the second slide bar 306 is slidably connected with the second limit groove 305 through the limit block 110, the rotation of the shaft 302 will drive the second slide bar 306 to rotate, thereby driving the scraper 308 and the stirring rod 309 to rotate on the top of the second filter plate 107 through the connecting block 307. When the second filter plate 107 goes up, the top of the second filter plate 107 will squeeze the connecting block 307, so that the second slide bar 306 goes up inside the slide groove 303 and squeezes the spring 304. When the second filter plate 107 goes down, the connecting block 307 will go down under the action of the elastic force of the slide groove 303, so that the connecting block 307 is always against the top of the second filter plate 107, and the sludge on the top of the second filter plate 107 is stirred to keep the sludge in good fluidity and avoid poor filtration due to local condensation. The filtered sludge is poured into the microbial fuel cell, and the organic matter in the liquid is metabolized by the microorganisms therein.
[0029] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.
[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A microbial fuel cell, applied to a pond sludge treatment system; characterized in that: It includes an anode chamber, an anode, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode chamber, a cathode, an external circuit, a microbial community, and a substrate; The anode chamber contains a culture medium rich in organic matter and a microbial flora, where the microorganisms decompose organic matter and release electrons; the anode is usually made of carbon material to capture these electrons; the cathode material is an air cathode, which accepts electrons and protons from oxygen in the air to generate water; the diaphragm is located between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, allowing ions to pass but blocking electrons to maintain charge balance; the external circuit connects the anode and the cathode to form a closed circuit, allowing electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode to generate current; the microbial community decomposes organic matter in the anode chamber, releasing electrons and protons, and the electrons flow to the cathode through the wire (external circuit), and the protons enter the cathode chamber through the proton exchange membrane, and at the cathode, the electrons react with the protons and oxygen to generate water, completing the electrochemical reaction and generating usable current.
2. A microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pond sludge treatment system comprises: Silt collection module: collects silt from the bottom of the pond through a suction dredger or a special sludge pump; Filtration module: Use the filtration structure to initially remove large solids to prepare for entering the microbial fuel cell; Organic matter degradation module: Organic matter is metabolized by microorganisms in the microbial fuel cell. Microorganisms metabolize organic matter in an anaerobic environment, releasing electrons and hydrogen ions. Electrons pass through the external circuit to form current, and hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane to reach the anode area; Solid-liquid separation module: The treated sludge is separated into solid and liquid parts. The solid part can be used as biofertilizer or for making biomass fuel, and the clean water is injected back into the pond.
3. A pond sludge treatment device, using a pond sludge treatment system as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: It comprises a filtering mechanism (1), wherein the filtering mechanism (1) is arranged inside a main body mechanism (2), and a stirring mechanism (3) is arranged above the main body mechanism (2); The filtering mechanism (1) comprises a filtering housing (101), a threaded hole (102) is fixedly connected inside the filtering housing (101), a screw rod (103) is rotatably connected inside the threaded hole (102), a knob (104) is fixedly connected to the screw rod (103), a first sliding groove (105) is provided inside the filtering housing (101), a first filter plate (106) is slidably connected inside the first sliding groove (105), a second filter plate (107) is arranged inside the filtering housing (101), a baffle (108) is fixedly connected to the top of the second filter plate (107), and the first filter plate (107) is fixedly connected to the top of the second filter plate (107). 6) and the second filter plate (107) are evenly provided with a plurality of filter holes (109), both sides of the first filter plate (106) and the second filter plate (107) are fixedly connected to limiting blocks (110), the side of the first filter plate (106) is fixedly connected to a plurality of support rods (111), both sides of the inner wall of the first slide groove (105) are provided with first limiting grooves (112), the inner wall of the first slide groove (105) is provided with a plurality of sliding holes (113), the bottom of the filter housing (101) is fixedly connected to a plurality of first sliding rods (114), and the bottom of the filter housing (101) is fixedly connected to an inclined plate (115).
4. The pond sludge treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the screw rod (103) away from the knob (104) is rotatably connected to the first filter plate (106); the inclined plate (115) is located between a plurality of first sliding rods (114); the second filter plate (107) is clamped to the inner wall of the filter housing (101) via a limit block (110); the second filter plate (107) is located above the first filter plate (106); and the support rod (111) is slidably connected to the sliding hole (113).
5. The pond sludge treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main body mechanism (2) comprises a main body shell (201), the main body shell (201) is provided with a groove (202), the top of the main body shell (201) is fixedly connected to a support frame (203), the interior of the main body shell (201) is provided with a second slide groove (204), the inner wall of the second slide groove (204) is fixedly connected to two anti-collision pads (205), the bottom of the main body shell (201) is provided with a discharge hole (206), the interior of the main body shell (201) is fixedly connected to a first motor (207), and the first motor (207) is rotatably connected to a cam (208).
6. The pond sludge treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge hole (206) is communicated with the second slide groove (204), the filter housing (101) is slidably connected to the second slide groove (204), the knob (104) is located inside the groove (202), the two anti-collision pads (205) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the filter housing (101), the first slide bar (114) penetrates through the anti-collision pad (205) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main housing (201), the first filter plate (106) is located above the discharge hole (206), the top of the cam (208) is against the bottom of the filter housing (101), the inclined plate (115) is located inside the discharge hole (206), and the second filter plate (107) is located below the support frame (203).
7. The pond sludge treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (3) comprises a second motor (301), the bottom of the second motor (301) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (302), the bottom of the rotating shaft (302) is provided with a slide groove (303), the inner wall of the slide groove (303) is fixedly connected to a spring (304), the inner wall of the slide groove (303) is provided with second limiting grooves (305) on both sides, the inside of the slide groove (303) is slidably connected to a second slide rod (306), the bottom of the second slide rod (306) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (307), the side of the connecting block (307) is fixedly connected to four scrapers (308), and the side of the connecting block (307) is rotatably connected to four stirring rods (309).
8. The pond sludge treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The four connecting blocks (307) and the four stirring rods (309) are staggered and distributed, the top of the second sliding rod (306) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (110), the second sliding rod (306) is slidably connected to the second limiting groove (305) via the limiting block (110), and the scraper (308) is provided with an inclined surface.
9. The pond sludge treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the second motor (301) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (203), the rotating shaft (302) passes through the top of the support frame (203) and extends to the bottom of the support frame (203), and the bottom of the scraper (308) is in contact with the top of the second filter plate (107).
10. A pond sludge treatment method, applied to a pond sludge treatment device as claimed in claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: The processing method is as follows: S1. First, according to the specific composition and characteristics of the sludge, the knob (104) is turned to rotate the screw rod (103). The screw rod (103) rotates and moves inside the threaded hole (102) through the thread, driving the first filter plate (106) to slide inside the first slide groove (105), so that the filter hole (109) on the first filter plate (106) and the filter hole (109) on the second filter plate (107) are misaligned, thereby adjusting the size of the passing space; S2, the collected sludge is then poured from top to bottom onto the top of the second filter plate (107), and at the same time, the first motor (207) is started to rotate the cam (208). When the protruding portion of the cam (208) abuts against the bottom of the filter housing (101), the filter housing (101) is pressed upward, so that the filter housing (101) moves upward inside the second chute (204), so that the top of the filter housing (101) abuts against the anti-collision pad (205) located above the filter housing (101). When the protruding portion of the cam (208) is no longer abutted against the bottom of the filter housing (101), the filter housing (101) is reset under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the anti-collision pad (205), so that the first filter plate (106) and the second filter plate (107) inside the filter housing (101) vibrate, and the particles in the sludge are effectively prevented from accumulating on the filter plate surfaces through vibration; S3. Simultaneously, the second motor (301) is started to rotate the rotating shaft (302). Since the second sliding rod (306) is slidably connected to the second limiting groove (305) via the limiting block (110), the rotation of the rotating shaft (302) drives the second sliding rod (306) to rotate, thereby driving the scraper (308) and the stirring rod (309) to rotate on the top of the second filter plate (107) via the connecting block (307). When the second filter plate (107) moves upward, the top of the second filter plate (107) presses the connecting block (307), causing the second sliding rod (306) to rotate. The rod (306) moves upward inside the chute (303) and compresses the spring (304), and when the second filter plate (107) moves downward, the connecting block (307) moves downward under the action of the elastic force of the chute (303), so that the connecting block (307) always contacts the top of the second filter plate (107), and the sludge on the top of the second filter plate (107) is stirred to keep the sludge in good fluidity and avoid poor filtration due to local condensation. The filtered sludge is poured into the microbial fuel cell, and the organic matter in the liquid is metabolized by the microorganisms therein.