Phased array antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a phased-array antenna, and relates to the technical field of antennae, and the phased-array antenna comprises a plurality of antenna array planes which are arranged in a coplanar manner, a combining network and a controller. Wherein each antenna array surface comprises a plurality of antenna units; any antenna unit in any antenna array plane is used for forming a plurality of wave beams in different directions; the combining network is electrically connected with each antenna array surface and is used for combining the wave beams of the plurality of antenna array surfaces in the same direction; and the controller is electrically connected with each antenna array surface and is used for carrying out beam forming on any antenna unit in any antenna array surface. In the embodiment of the invention, the antenna array surface, the combining network and the controller are arranged in a coplanar manner, the low-frequency-band and multi-beam network design is realized only by a single-layer circuit board, and the low-frequency-band and miniaturized phased-array antenna has the advantage of high integration level through the combining network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a phased array antenna. Background Art

[0002] Phased array antennas are composed of multiple antenna units. The phase of the transmitted signal of each antenna unit is adjusted electronically to achieve fast beam scanning and directivity control. The main components of phased array antennas include: antenna units, controllers, phase shifters, combiners, etc. Phased array antennas are divided into high-frequency phased array antennas and low-frequency phased array antennas.

[0003] At present, the antenna array of low-frequency phased array antennas is relatively large in size, large in weight, and high in power consumption, which limits the multi-beamforming of low-frequency phased array antennas and prevents them from being flexibly used in the market. Summary of the invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a phased array antenna for improving the beamforming efficiency of a low-frequency phased array antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a phased array antenna, comprising: a plurality of antenna array faces arranged in a coplanar manner, a combining network, and a controller; wherein each antenna array face comprises a plurality of antenna units;

[0006] Any antenna unit in any antenna array plane is used to form multiple beams in different directions;

[0007] The combining network is electrically connected to each antenna array face and is used to combine beams of multiple antenna array faces in the same direction;

[0008] The controller is electrically connected to each antenna array surface and is used to perform beamforming on any antenna unit in any antenna array surface.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the antenna array, combining network and controller in the same plane, a low-frequency band, multi-beam network design is achieved using only a single-layer circuit board. The combining network enables the low-frequency band, miniaturized phased array antenna to have the advantage of high integration.

[0010] Optionally, the combining network and the controller are arranged in a central area; and the plurality of antenna array surfaces are arranged in a surrounding manner around the combining network and the controller.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the combining network and the controller in the central area, it is convenient for the controller to control each antenna array surface and facilitate panel wiring, thereby improving the simplicity of the entire panel design.

[0012] Optionally, any antenna array includes n antenna units, k first combiners and m second combiners; m is the number of beam directions;

[0013] Any first combiner is electrically connected to n / k antenna units, and is used to combine beams in the same direction of the n / k antenna units;

[0014] Any second combiner is electrically connected to the k first combiners, and is used to combine the beams of the k first combiners in the same direction.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, beams in the same direction are combined by a combiner to integrate the beams in the same direction, providing a basis for the subsequent integration of the entire phased array antenna; partial beams are combined by a first combiner, and the combined beams are combined again by a second combiner, thereby improving the integration of the beams.

[0016] Optionally, the first combiner is electrically connected to n / k antenna units respectively through feeder lines of the same length; and the second combiner is electrically connected to k first combiners respectively through feeder lines of the same length.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna unit and the first combiner, as well as the first combiner and the second combiner are connected by using feeder lines of the same length so that the phase of the antenna unit remains unchanged during combining, thereby avoiding the situation where waves in the same direction have different phases after combining due to inconsistent feeder line lengths.

[0018] Optionally, any antenna unit includes a multi-band duplexer, an amplifier, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, and an attenuator electrically connected in sequence;

[0019] The multi-band duplexer is used for transmitting and receiving antenna signals of multiple frequency bands;

[0020] The amplifier is used to amplify the antenna signal of the corresponding frequency band;

[0021] The filter is used to filter the antenna signal output by the amplifier;

[0022] The power divider is used to perform power division on the filtered antenna signal according to the number of beams, thereby forming multiple beam channels;

[0023] The phase shifters correspond to the beam channels one by one and are used to adjust the phase of any beam to a preset phase;

[0024] The attenuator is used to compensate for the gain of the beam of a preset phase.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, a multi-band duplexer is provided to realize the reception and transmission of antenna signals, and the antenna signals are amplified by an amplifier to make the subsequent phase adjustment of the antenna signals more convenient and accurate; unnecessary signals are filtered by a filter to eliminate noise; the antenna signal can be divided into multiple beams according to a preset number by a power divider to facilitate the control and use of the antenna signal; the beam of the antenna unit is adjusted according to a preset phase by a phase shifter; and the stability and reliability of the antenna unit are ensured by an attenuator.

[0026] Optionally, any antenna unit also includes a shared clock module.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, a stable clock signal is provided to the phase shifter and the attenuator through a common clock module.

[0028] Optionally, the phased array antenna is used to transmit and receive satellite signals in a low frequency band.

[0029] Optionally, the controller is electrically connected to each antenna array surface via a synchronous serial communication interface, and controls each antenna unit in parallel.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, a synchronous serial communication interface is used to enable the controller to control the phase shifter and attenuator of each antenna unit in each antenna array plane, thereby achieving control of multiple antenna array planes by the controller and improving the performance of the phased array antenna.

[0031] Optionally, the controller is implemented by a programmable logic chip.

[0032] Optionally, the phased array antenna is used to implement dual-band four-beam, wherein each frequency band corresponds to two independent beams.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the antenna array, combining network and controller in the same plane, a low-frequency band, multi-beam network design is achieved using only a single-layer circuit board. The combining network enables the low-frequency band, miniaturized phased array antenna to have the advantage of high integration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a phased array antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application (I);

[0036] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a phased array antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application (II);

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application (I);

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application (II);

[0039] Figure 5 A computer device is provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0041] To facilitate understanding of this solution, the application scenario of this solution is introduced below.

[0042] Phased array antenna is an advanced antenna technology. Due to its advantages of fast scanning and precise pointing, it is widely used in radar, communication, meteorology, astronomy and other fields. Phased array antenna includes: antenna unit, controller, phase shifter, feed network and combiner. Among them, antenna unit is the basic component of phased array antenna, responsible for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves; controller is used to control the operation of the entire phased array antenna system, including the adjustment of beam direction, etc.; phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the signal transmitted by each antenna unit to realize the electronic scanning of the beam; feed network is responsible for distributing signals to each antenna unit and controlling the phase of each antenna unit; combiner is used to combine multiple signals into one signal, or distribute one signal to multiple channels.

[0043] Phased array antennas are divided into low-frequency phased array antennas and high-frequency phased array antennas. High-frequency phased array antennas have a small array surface and high integration, so they can achieve low-power consumption and multi-beam designs; but low-frequency phased array antennas have a large array surface and low integration, so they have high power consumption and high cost, which limits the development of low-frequency phased array antennas in the direction of multi-beam. This application proposes a phased array antenna to solve the problem of multi-beam of low-frequency phased array antennas. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0044] First, the present application deploys multiple antenna arrays, a combining network, and a controller on the same panel. Among them, the antenna array is used to form beams in multiple different directions, the combining network is used to combine the beams in the same direction of multiple antenna arrays, and the controller is used to control each antenna unit in the antenna array to perform beam shaping. For example, on an antenna array with 48 antenna units, the 48 antenna units are divided into 4 parts, each corresponding to an antenna array, so 4 antenna arrays are obtained, each with 12 antenna units. Then, the beams in the same direction in the 12 antenna units are combined, and then the beams in the same direction in each antenna array are combined, and finally the combined beams are controlled by the controller.

[0045] See also Figure 1 , is a structural schematic diagram of a phased array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a plurality of coplanarly arranged antenna surfaces 101, a combining network 102 and a controller 103; wherein each antenna surface 101 comprises a plurality of antenna units 1011; any antenna unit 1011 in any antenna surface 101 is used to form a plurality of beams in different directions; the combining network 102 is electrically connected to each antenna surface 101, and is used to combine the beams of the plurality of antenna surfaces 101 in the same direction; the controller 103 is electrically connected to each antenna surface 101, and is used to perform beamforming on any antenna unit 1011 in any antenna surface 101.

[0046] Specifically, the antenna face 101, the combining network 102, and the controller 103 are on the same panel, wherein the antenna face 101 includes a plurality of antenna units 1011, so that the antenna face 101 can form a plurality of beams in different directions. The combining network 102 is used to combine beams in the same direction. For the same antenna face, the beams in the same direction on the antenna face are combined; for different antenna faces, the beams in the same direction on different antenna faces are combined. The controller 103 is connected to each antenna face 101, and the antenna unit 1011 on each antenna face 101 can be controlled by the controller 103.

[0047] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, an antenna array surface is divided into four antenna array surfaces 101, and each antenna array surface 101 has 12 antenna units 1011, so the entire antenna array surface includes 48 antenna units 1011, and each antenna unit 1011 includes beams in four directions, namely beam 1, beam 2, beam 3, and beam 4. The combining network 102 combines the beams in the same direction in the four antenna array surfaces 101, so each antenna array surface 101 has beams in four directions. The combining network combines beam 1, beam 2, beam 3, and beam 4 in the four antenna array surfaces 101 to obtain beams in four directions. The controller 103 controls the directions of the four beams to form beamforming.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the antenna array, combining network and controller in the same plane, a low-frequency band, multi-beam network design is achieved using only a single-layer circuit board. The combining network enables the low-frequency band, miniaturized phased array antenna to have the advantage of high integration.

[0049] In some embodiments, the combining network 102 and the controller 103 are disposed in a central area; and a plurality of antenna array planes 101 are arranged around the combining network 102 and the controller 103 in a surrounding manner.

[0050] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the central area is the combining network 102 and the controller 103, and the antenna array surface 101 is distributed around the combining network 102 and the controller 103. The antenna array surface 101 surrounds the combining network 102 and the controller 103 in the center.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the combining network and the controller in the central area, it is convenient for the controller to control each antenna array surface and facilitate panel wiring, thereby improving the simplicity of the entire panel design.

[0052] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, any antenna array 101 includes n antenna units 1011, k first combiners 1021 and m second combiners 1022; m is the number of beam directions;

[0053] Any first combiner is electrically connected to n / k antenna units, and is used to combine beams in the same direction of the n / k antenna units;

[0054] Any second combiner is electrically connected to the k first combiners, and is used to combine the beams of the k first combiners in the same direction.

[0055] Specifically, each antenna array surface 101 includes a plurality of antenna units 1011, m*k first combiners 1021, and m second combiners 1022, wherein m is the number of beam directions.

[0056] For example, each antenna array face 101 includes 12 antenna units 1011 (n=12), and the first combiner 1021 is a four-way combiner, that is, 4 beams are combined; the second combiner 1022 is a three-way combiner, that is, 3 beams are combined. Each antenna unit 1011 has 4 beams, namely beam 1, beam 2, beam 3, and beam 4, m=4. Taking beam 1 in each antenna array face as an example, beam 1 is divided into 3 groups, each group has 4 antenna units 101, k=4, and the beams 1 of every 4 antenna units 101 are combined, so 3 (n / k=12 / 4) four-way combiners are required, and then the 3 combined antenna units are passed through a three-way combiner to obtain beam 1 of one of the antenna array faces 101. Beam 2, Beam 3, and Beam 4 are also combined in this way. Therefore, for one antenna array, each beam requires 3 four-way combiners and 1 three-way combiner, and a total of 3*4=12 four-way combiners and 1*4=4 three-way combiners are required. The number of three-way combiners is consistent with the number of beams, and the number of four-way combiners is determined according to the actual division situation. This application does not specifically limit the number and type of combiners. The first combiner type can also be a three-way combiner or a two-way combiner, and the second combiner type can also be a four-way combiner or a two-way combiner. The number of combiners is determined according to the type of the first combiner and the second combiner.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, beams in the same direction are combined by a combiner to integrate the beams in the same direction, providing a basis for the subsequent integration of the entire phased array antenna; partial beams are combined by a first combiner, and the combined beams are combined again by a second combiner, thereby improving the integration of the beams.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first combiner 1021 is electrically connected to n / k antenna units 1011 through feeder lines of the same length; the second combiner 1022 is electrically connected to k first combiners 1012 through feeder lines of the same length.

[0059] Specifically, in order to ensure that the phases of the antenna units 1011 after the combination are consistent, the lengths of the feeder lines from the four antenna units 1011 to the first combiner 1021 need to be consistent. Figure 2 It can be seen that different antenna units 1011 are at different distances from the first combiner 1021. Therefore, in order to ensure that the length of the feeder is consistent, the length of the feeder with a shorter distance is bent, thereby ensuring that the length of the feeder is consistent. Similarly, the length of the feeder from the first combiner 1021 to the second combiner 1022 also needs to be consistent.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna unit and the first combiner, as well as the first combiner and the second combiner are connected by using feeder lines of the same length so that the phase of the antenna unit remains unchanged during combining, thereby avoiding the situation where waves in the same direction have different phases after combining due to inconsistent feeder line lengths.

[0061] In some embodiments, any antenna unit includes a multi-band duplexer, an amplifier, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, and an attenuator electrically connected in sequence;

[0062] The multi-band duplexer is used to transmit and receive antenna signals in multiple frequency bands;

[0063] The amplifier is used to amplify the antenna signal of the corresponding frequency band;

[0064] The filter is used to filter the antenna signal output by the amplifier;

[0065] The power divider is used to divide the filtered antenna signal according to the number of beams, thereby forming multiple beam channels;

[0066] The phase shifter corresponds to the beam channel one by one and is used to adjust the phase of any beam to a preset phase;

[0067] The attenuator is used to compensate the gain of the beam at a preset phase.

[0068] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, each antenna unit 1011 further includes a multi-band duplexer, an amplifier, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, and an attenuator.

[0069] Multi-band duplexer: used to isolate the transmit and receive signals to ensure that both the receive and transmit signals can work normally at the same time. It is composed of two sets of bandpass filters with different frequencies to prevent the local transmit signal from being transmitted to the receiver.

[0070] Amplifier: Used to amplify the voltage or power of the input signal, composed of electron tubes or transistors, power transformers and other electrical components.

[0071] Filter: The filter can effectively filter out a specific frequency point in the power line or frequencies other than the frequency point to obtain a power signal of a specific frequency, or eliminate a power signal after a specific frequency.

[0072] Power divider: A device that divides one input signal energy into two or more outputs of equal or unequal energy, thereby forming multiple beam channels.

[0073] Phase shifter: A device that can adjust the phase of a beam. It corresponds to a beam channel one by one and is used to adjust the phase of any beam to a preset phase.

[0074] The attenuator is used to compensate the gain of the beam at a preset phase.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, power division is performed on two frequency bands, and each frequency band is divided into two paths, that is, two beam channels are obtained, so each antenna unit has four beam channels.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, a multi-band duplexer is provided to realize the reception and transmission of antenna signals, and the antenna signals are amplified by an amplifier to make the subsequent phase adjustment of the antenna signals more convenient and accurate; unnecessary signals are filtered by a filter to eliminate noise; the antenna signal can be divided into multiple beams according to a preset number by a power divider to facilitate the control and use of the antenna signal; the beam of the antenna unit is adjusted according to a preset phase by a phase shifter; and the stability and reliability of the antenna unit are ensured by an attenuator.

[0077] In some embodiments, any antenna unit 1011 further includes a shared clock module 1012 .

[0078] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, each antenna unit includes two clock modules 1012, and the phase shifter and attenuator in the antenna unit 1011 share two clock modules 1012. The clock module 1012 provides a stable and accurate time signal for the phase shifter and attenuator, ensuring that each component can work in a predetermined time sequence, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the entire system.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, a stable clock signal is provided to the phase shifter and the attenuator through a common clock module.

[0080] In some embodiments, the phased array antenna is used to transmit and receive satellite signals in the low frequency band.

[0081] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, low-frequency satellite signals are processed, and the phased array antenna mainly splits the two low-frequency beams. Low-frequency signals usually have a low frequency, a flat waveform and strong penetration, and are suitable for long-distance stable transmission.

[0082] In some embodiments, the controller 103 is electrically connected to each antenna array surface 101 through the synchronous serial communication interface 105 and controls each antenna unit 1011 in parallel.

[0083] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, each antenna face 101 has a synchronous serial communication interface 105, which is connected to the controller 103 through the synchronous serial communication interface 105, so that the controller 103 controls each antenna unit 1011. The synchronous serial communication interface 105 can be an SPI. For example, four antenna faces 101 are connected to the controller 103 through the SPI, thereby forming a layout in which the antenna faces 101 surround the controller 103. Each antenna face 101 is deployed with two SPIs, and the controller 103 controls the phase shifter and attenuator of each antenna unit through the SPI.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, a synchronous serial communication interface is used to enable the controller to control the phase shifter and attenuator of each antenna unit in each antenna array plane, thereby achieving control of multiple antenna array planes by the controller and improving the performance of the phased array antenna.

[0085] In some embodiments, the controller 103 is implemented by a programmable logic chip.

[0086] Specifically, the controller 103 may be an FPGA, which is a programmable logic chip that can perform general functions, that is, it can be programmed to implement certain logic processing functions. FPGA has higher integration, stronger logic functions and greater flexibility, and has become one of the preferred devices for designing digital circuits or systems.

[0087] In some embodiments, the phased array antenna is used to implement dual-band quad-beam, where each frequency band corresponds to two independent beams.

[0088] Specifically, the phased array antenna in the embodiment of the present application is used to implement dual-band four-beams, and each band corresponds to two independent beams, such as band 1 and band 2, where band 1 corresponds to beam 1 and beam 2, and band 2 corresponds to beam 3 and beam 4.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the antenna array, combining network and controller in the same plane, a low-frequency band, multi-beam network design is achieved using only a single-layer circuit board. The combining network enables the low-frequency band, miniaturized phased array antenna to have the advantage of high integration.

[0090] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, which may be a controller in a phased array antenna, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes at least one processor 501 and a memory 502 connected to the at least one processor. The specific connection medium between the processor 501 and the memory 502 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 For example, the processor 501 and the memory 502 are connected via a bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 502 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 501. The at least one processor 501 can perform the operations included in the controller in the above-mentioned phased array antenna by executing the instructions stored in the memory 502.

[0092] The processor 501 is the control center of the computer device, and can use various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the computer device, by running or executing instructions stored in the memory 502 and calling data stored in the memory 502. Optionally, the processor 501 may include one or more processing units, and the processor 501 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communications. It is understandable that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 501. In some embodiments, the processor 501 and the memory 502 may be implemented on the same chip, and in some embodiments, they may also be implemented separately on independent chips.

[0093] The processor 501 may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0094] The memory 502 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules. The memory 502 may include at least one type of storage medium, such as a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory, a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable Read Only Memory, PROM), a read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc. The memory 502 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store a desired program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 502 in the embodiment of the present application can also be a circuit or any other device that can realize a storage function, for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0095] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program executable by a computer device. When the program runs on the computer device, the computer device executes the operations of the controller in the above-mentioned phased array antenna.

[0096] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer device, the computer device performs the operations of the controller in the above-mentioned phased array antenna.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0098] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0099] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0100] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0101] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A phased array antenna, characterized in that: include: Multiple antenna arrays arranged in a coplanar manner, a combining network and a controller; wherein each antenna array comprises multiple antenna units; Any antenna unit in any antenna array plane is used to form multiple beams in different directions; The combining network is electrically connected to each antenna array face and is used to combine beams of multiple antenna array faces in the same direction; The controller is electrically connected to each antenna array surface and is used to perform beamforming on any antenna unit in any antenna array surface.

2. The phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combining network and the controller are arranged in the central area; the plurality of antenna array surfaces are arranged around the combining network and the controller in a surrounding manner.

3. The phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Any antenna array includes n antenna units, m*k first combiners and m second combiners; m is the number of beam directions; Any first combiner is electrically connected to n / k antenna units, and is used to combine beams in the same direction of the n / k antenna units; Any second combiner is electrically connected to the k first combiners, and is used to combine the beams of the k first combiners in the same direction.

4. The phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first combiner is electrically connected to the n / k antenna units respectively through feeder lines of the same length; the second combiner is electrically connected to the k first combiners respectively through feeder lines of the same length.

5. The phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Any antenna unit includes a multi-band duplexer, an amplifier, a filter, a power divider, a phase shifter, and an attenuator electrically connected in sequence; The multi-band duplexer is used for transmitting and receiving antenna signals of multiple frequency bands; The amplifier is used to amplify the antenna signal of the corresponding frequency band; The filter is used to filter the antenna signal output by the amplifier; The power divider is used to perform power division on the filtered antenna signal according to the number of beams, thereby forming multiple beam channels; The phase shifters correspond to the beam channels one by one and are used to adjust the phase of any beam to a preset phase; The attenuator is used to compensate for the gain of the beam of a preset phase.

6. The phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each antenna unit also includes a shared clock module.

7. The phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The phased array antenna is used for transmitting and receiving satellite signals in the low frequency band.

8. The phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The controller is electrically connected to each antenna array surface through a synchronous serial communication interface and controls each antenna unit in parallel.

9. The phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The controller is implemented by a programmable logic chip.

10. The phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The phased array antenna is used to realize dual-band four-beam, wherein each frequency band corresponds to two independent beams.

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