Air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management, and belongs to the technical field of air-sea cross-medium communication and energy collection. The system comprises a communication subsystem, a power management subsystem, an energy acquisition subsystem, an antenna assembly, an electronic cabin section and a floating body, the communication subsystem and the energy collection subsystem, the communication subsystem and the power management subsystem, the communication subsystem and the antenna assembly, and the energy collection subsystem and the power management subsystem are in line connection. The communication subsystem comprises a communication equipment module and a main control unit module; and the floating body is fixedly sleeved outside the electronic cabin section. Through hierarchical conversion, wave energy and wind energy are converted into electric energy to be supplied to the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for use, energy use of the gateway is managed through the power management subsystem, the energy use efficiency of the whole system is improved, and the working time of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of air-sea cross-medium communication and energy collection technology, and in particular to an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management. Background Art

[0002] In the process of modern ocean development and utilization, we have gradually entered a new era of unmanned, clustered and intelligent. Reliable air-sea cross-media communication has gradually become one of the key issues in the field of marine communications. At present, the most widely used air-sea cross-media communication method is relay communication. Since radio waves decay rapidly underwater and sound waves cannot break through the sea surface for transmission, communication under the traditional signal frequency band requires the help of relay nodes. The water communication link uses electromagnetic waves or lasers as information carriers to complete information transmission. The underwater communication link uses sound or blue-green lasers as information carriers to transmit signals. The communication between the water node and the underwater node relies on the sea surface buoy, ship and other relay nodes to establish a link connection. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway effectively solves this problem. As a relay node, it supports multiple modes of communication such as underwater acoustics, electromagnetics or light. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway can form a marine communication cluster with satellites, drones, surface ships, shore stations and underwater communication nodes. Since the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway is usually powered by batteries, it is difficult to maintain or replace the battery once it is deployed, resulting in its energy being very limited. In order to solve the problem of limited device energy, some devices will supplement their own energy consumption by converting various energy sources in the environment (such as wind power, sunlight, etc.) into electrical energy. However, the efficiency of traditional equipment in converting solar energy or wind energy into electrical energy is too low, and it is impossible to convert enough energy to supply the cross-domain communication gateway for long-term operation.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy harvesting and management. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management, so as to solve the problems of limited working time and low energy conversion and utilization efficiency of existing air-sea cross-domain communication gateways.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management, comprising: a communication subsystem, a power management subsystem, an energy collection subsystem, an antenna assembly, an electronic compartment and a floating body; the communication subsystem and the energy collection subsystem, the communication subsystem and the power management subsystem, the communication subsystem and the antenna assembly, and the energy collection subsystem and the power management subsystem are all connected by wires; The communication subsystem includes: a communication device module and a main control unit module; the communication device module includes: a Beidou communication terminal, a mobile communication terminal, an Iridium communication terminal, an underwater acoustic communication terminal dry end and an underwater acoustic communication terminal wet end; The main control unit module, the power management subsystem, the Beidou communication terminal, the mobile communication terminal, the Iridium communication terminal and the hydroacoustic communication terminal dry end are all fixedly connected in the electronic compartment; The energy harvesting subsystem and the antenna assembly are fixedly connected above the electronic compartment; The wet end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal is connected below the electronic compartment and is connected to the dry end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal through a watertight cable.

[0006] The floating body is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the electronic compartment section.

[0007] Further, the energy collection subsystem includes: a wave energy power generation module and a wind energy generator set; The wave energy power generation module comprises: a linear reciprocating generator, a motor rod and a motor float; the motor rod is fixedly connected to the top of the electronic compartment, the linear reciprocating generator is slidably connected to the motor rod, and the motor float is fixedly connected to the linear reciprocating generator to provide buoyancy for the linear reciprocating generator; The wind power generator set comprises: three groups of vertical axis wind turbines; the three groups of vertical axis wind turbines are distributed in an equilateral triangle; the vertical axis wind turbines are fixedly connected to the top of the electronic compartment through a fixing frame.

[0008] Furthermore, a flange is formed by radially extending outwardly by a predetermined distance along one end of the floating body close to the antenna assembly, and a plurality of slots arranged at intervals are circumferentially opened on the floating body.

[0009] Furthermore, the power management subsystem includes: a battery pack, a power conversion device, an STM32L051 single-chip microcomputer, a relay, a capacitor and a rectifier; the power conversion device includes: a 5V voltage conversion board, a 12V voltage conversion board and a 24V voltage conversion board.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention converts wave energy and wind energy into electrical energy for use by the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway through hierarchical conversion. The special design of the floating body and the power generation module enables the gateway to efficiently obtain stable energy during use in the ocean. The main control unit module obtains energy management control instructions by analyzing and processing the acquired energy collection subsystem and battery pack status information, and manages the energy use of the gateway through the power management subsystem, thereby improving the energy use efficiency of the entire system and extending the working time of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. At the same time, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway reports the current gateway status and power usage information collected, enhancing the user's ability to control the status of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 The flowchart of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural design diagram of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of power transmission of an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the application scenario of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0013] The present invention proposes an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway with efficient energy collection and management. The gateway has two power generation methods: wind energy collection and wave energy collection. The energy collection and management measures can be automatically adjusted according to the power generation situation of the gateway, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway, solving the technical difficulties of stable energy collection and utilization of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway, providing an efficient, stable and reliable energy supply solution, and greatly improving the working time of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway.

[0014] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 In this embodiment, an air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management includes: a communication subsystem, a power management subsystem, an energy collection subsystem, an antenna assembly, an electronic compartment and a floating body. The communication subsystem and the energy collection subsystem, the communication subsystem and the power management subsystem, the communication subsystem and the antenna assembly, and the energy collection subsystem and the power management subsystem are all connected by wires.

[0015] The communication subsystem includes: communication equipment module and main control unit module; the communication equipment module includes: Beidou communication terminal, mobile communication terminal, Iridium communication terminal, underwater acoustic communication terminal dry end and underwater acoustic communication terminal wet end; the main control unit module is responsible for automatically controlling the working status of the equipment power management subsystem and realizing information interaction with the outside world through the communication equipment module.

[0016] The main control unit module, power management subsystem, Beidou communication terminal, mobile communication terminal, Iridium communication terminal and the dry end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal are all fixedly connected in the electronic compartment. The energy collection subsystem and antenna assembly are fixedly connected above the electronic compartment, and waterproof measures are taken through a sealed glass cover. The wet end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal is connected below the electronic compartment and is connected to the dry end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal through a watertight cable. The float is set on the outside of the electronic compartment to provide buoyancy support for the gateway as a whole. Among them, a flange is formed by extending radially outward for a predetermined distance along one end of the float close to the antenna assembly, and a plurality of spaced slots are opened on the circumference of the float. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway adopts a vertical layered topology as a whole, and the mechanical layout is based on the energy collection efficiency and functional coupling characteristics.

[0017] In this embodiment, the energy collection subsystem includes: a wave energy generation module and a wind energy generator set.

[0018] The wave energy power generation module includes: a linear reciprocating generator, a motor rod and a motor float; the motor rod is fixedly connected to the top of the electronic compartment, the linear reciprocating generator is slidably connected to the motor rod, and the motor float is fixedly connected to the linear reciprocating generator to provide buoyancy for the linear reciprocating generator.

[0019] The wave energy power generation module is fixed above the electronic compartment and is located in the empty slot inside the floating body. The floating body of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway absorbs wave energy and floats up and down, causing the water level in the tank to change, so that the motor floating body also absorbs wave energy and floats up and down, allowing the linear reciprocating generator and the motor rod to produce relative movement, thereby converting wave energy into electrical energy.

[0020] The process of converting wave energy into electrical energy includes three main stages: the first stage of conversion is energy capture, which uses the outer shell of a specially designed motor float as a wave-receiving device to efficiently capture ocean wave energy; the second stage of conversion is energy conversion, which converts wave energy into mechanical energy through the relative movement of the linear reciprocating generator and the motor rod; the third stage of conversion is the linear reciprocating generator converting stable mechanical energy into electrical energy to meet various electricity needs.

[0021] A wind turbine generator set includes a wind turbine, windmill blades and a tower. The conversion of wind energy into electrical energy includes two main stages: the first stage is the conversion of wind energy into mechanical energy through the special design of the asymmetric cross-section of the windmill blades; the second stage is the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy by the wind turbine.

[0022] The wind turbines are preferably vertical axis wind turbines, and there are three groups of vertical axis wind turbines, which are distributed in an equilateral triangle and are located above the floating body. The vertical axis wind turbines are fixedly connected to the top of the electronic compartment through a fixing frame.

[0023] Among them, the power management subsystem includes: battery pack, power conversion device, STM32L051 microcontroller, relay, capacitor and rectifier; the power conversion device includes: 5V voltage conversion board, 12V voltage conversion board and 24V voltage conversion board.

[0024] The wave power generation module and wind power generator set convert wave energy and wind energy into electrical energy, which is then processed by capacitors and rectifiers and stored in the battery pack, which is used for energy storage and power supply. The battery pack outputs electrical energy to provide power support for the normal operation of other functional modules, and controls the charging status of the energy collection subsystem to the battery pack through relays.

[0025] The power conversion device includes a 5V voltage conversion board, a 12V voltage conversion board, and a 24V voltage conversion board. The battery pack can stably output 5V, 12V, and 24V voltages through the power conversion device, which is used to convert the power of the battery pack into suitable specifications to drive the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. After writing and burning the program code, the energy management control of the gateway can be carried out through the STM32L051 microcontroller, and the charging and output status of the power supply can be controlled through the relay. At the same time, the battery pack power information can be obtained and various types of information can be transmitted to the main control unit module. The STM32L051 microcontroller is used to receive the collected battery pack and energy collection subsystem information, and control the charging switching of the battery pack. The main control unit module uses the obtained battery pack and energy collection subsystem status information for automatic management, and sends the information to the user through the communication subsystem for real-time monitoring and decision-making. The relay is used to realize the circuit switching and protection functions in the power management subsystem.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown: The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management is first deployed in the designated sea area and automatically starts up after power-on, entering the working mode. The main control unit module controls the communication subsystem, energy collection subsystem, and power management subsystem to enter the working mode and complete the initialization configuration.

[0027] After the communication subsystem enters the working mode, the gateway first checks the working condition of the communication equipment. If the communication equipment is working normally, it proceeds to the next step. Otherwise, it repairs the equipment. It determines the cause of the abnormal working condition of the equipment according to the working temperature of the equipment, the power supply of the equipment, and the program running status, and obtains the equipment repair instructions according to the preset communication equipment working condition maintenance table. After the communication equipment works normally, the gateway and the shore-based computer establish communication connections in sequence through the Beidou communication terminal, mobile communication terminal, Iridium communication terminal, and underwater acoustic communication terminal. The shore-based computer sends control instructions to the gateway. After receiving the control instructions, the gateway executes related tasks and transmits back the current battery power status of the gateway, the power generation status of the energy collection subsystem, and other information.

[0028] After a stable communication link exists between the shore-based computer and the gateway, the energy harvesting subsystem enters the working mode under the influence of the external environment, converting wind energy and wave energy into electrical energy. The main control unit module sends an energy harvesting start instruction to the STM32L051 microcontroller, and the STM32L051 microcontroller turns on the relay, allowing the energy harvesting subsystem to replenish power to the currently unused battery.

[0029] When the energy collection subsystem enters the working mode, the power management subsystem is turned on. The STM32L051 microcontroller automatically controls the relay group according to the control instructions of the main control unit module or the running status of the gateway, and manages the power supply and power output of the gateway to maximize the energy collection and utilization efficiency of the gateway and protect the battery pack.

[0030] It is worth noting that Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the antenna assembly integrates Beidou, Iridium, and mobile communication antenna arrays, and is waterproofed through embedded installation in a sealed cabin. The energy harvesting subsystem is equipped with three sets of vertical axis wind turbines, which adopt a triangular symmetrical layout (120° intervals). The blade curvature is optimized through aerodynamics to ensure startup at low wind speeds (≥3m / s). The lower wave energy generation module is equipped with a motor linkage unit to maximize energy capture through the phase difference between the raised structure of the float and the wave. The float adopts a honeycomb hollow structure, and the notches of 6 arc-shaped guide structures are designed through topological optimization. The depth of the notches is gradiently distributed, the top of the notch is flush with the flange of the float, and the bottom of the notch extends to 1 / 2 the height of the float. Combined with the internal cavity, a two-way water flow channel is formed to reduce fluid resistance while ensuring buoyancy. The gateway's main float adopts a hyperbolic shell shape that combines a dome bulge at the upper end with a skirt-style extension structure at the lower end. The shape parameters are optimized through CFD simulation to achieve a buoyancy gain of 23% during the wave lifting stage. The innovatively designed edge thread sealing system: a 15mm annular flange extends from the float shell, which is combined with an O-ring and a 304 stainless steel threaded clamping device to achieve IP68 waterproof standards.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water communication module includes Beidou communication terminal, mobile communication terminal, Iridium communication terminal and other communication equipment, and the water communication module realizes information exchange with the main control unit module through wired connection.

[0032] The dry end of the underwater acoustic communication terminal is located inside the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway, and the wet end of the underwater acoustic communication terminal is located in the seawater area at a fixed depth. The two communicate through watertight cables. The wet end of the underwater acoustic communication terminal realizes the conversion between electrical signals and acoustic signals.

[0033] The dry end of the underwater communication module includes two communication modulation methods: spread spectrum and OFDM, which use ARM and DSP to realize the modulation and demodulation of the corresponding signals respectively.

[0034] It should be explained in detail that the energy collection subsystem includes a wave energy power generation module and a wind energy generator set. The wave energy power generation module includes a linear reciprocating generator, a motor rod, and a motor float. The motor float provides buoyancy for the linear reciprocating generator, which can effectively increase the relative motion stroke of the motor and improve the power generation efficiency. At the same time, the motor float also adopts a special fixed structure, extending the edge of the motor float shell and punching threaded holes on its edge, which can improve the waterproofness of the float shell. The float is dug with six water inlet slots, and the middle is hollowed out to make it connected, so that seawater can enter the interior, thereby providing buoyancy for the motor float. The highest point of the uppermost slot is flush with the maximum protrusion at the upper end of the float, which can ensure that the buoyancy of the float is the largest when the water inflow is the largest. The protrusion at the lower end of the float can provide greater buoyancy, so that the equipment has a larger stroke when it rises and falls through the waves, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. The wind turbine generator set consists of three groups of vertical axis wind turbines with a triangular symmetrical layout (120° intervals) fixed on the top cover of the equipment. The blade curvature is optimized through aerodynamics to ensure starting at low wind speeds (≥3m / s).

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown: Wave energy is converted into electrical energy through the wave energy power generation module, and wind energy is converted into electrical energy through the wind energy generator set. Since the electrical energy generated by the two is not stable, and wave energy generation and wind power generation generate alternating current, they need to be processed by capacitors and rectifiers before they can be stored in the first battery and the second battery. Since the energy collection and consumption of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway changes according to the work tasks, in order to protect the service life of the battery, the first relay and the second relay are added between the output of the rectifier and the input of the first battery and the second battery, and the STM32L051 single-chip microcomputer controls the on and off of the relay to realize the charging control of the first battery and the second battery. During the working process of the gateway, the on and off of the third relay and the fourth relay are controlled by the STM32L051 single-chip microcomputer according to the state of the battery to realize the switching of the gateway power supply. The electrical energy of the first battery and the second battery is converted into suitable specifications by the power conversion device to supply the working use of the gateway power device.

[0036] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown: Among them, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway serves as the first communication terminal, the shore-based computer platform and the underwater equipment serve as the second communication terminal. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway is deployed in the ocean, and the floating body rises and falls with the waves. Seawater continuously enters and exits through the six slots of the floating body, causing the water level height of the water tank inside the floating body to change, so that the linear reciprocating generator and the motor rod produce relative movement to generate electricity. The wind power generation module converts wind energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery pack after processing to ensure that the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway can operate stably for a long time in the ocean.

[0037] The present invention converts wave energy and wind energy into electrical energy for use by the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway through hierarchical conversion. The special design of the floating body and the power generation module enables the gateway to efficiently obtain stable energy during use in the ocean. The main control unit module obtains energy management control instructions by analyzing and processing the acquired energy collection subsystem and battery pack status information, and manages the energy use of the gateway through the power management subsystem, thereby improving the energy use efficiency of the entire system and extending the working time of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway. At the same time, the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway reports the current gateway status and power usage information collected, enhancing the user's ability to control the status of the air-sea cross-domain communication gateway.

[0038] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management, characterized in that: include: Communications subsystems, power management subsystems, energy harvesting subsystems, antenna assemblies, electronic compartments and floats; The communication subsystem and the energy harvesting subsystem, the communication subsystem and the power management subsystem, the communication subsystem and the antenna assembly, and the energy harvesting subsystem and the power management subsystem are all connected by wires; The communication subsystem includes: a communication device module and a main control unit module; the communication device module includes: a Beidou communication terminal, a mobile communication terminal, an Iridium communication terminal, an underwater acoustic communication terminal dry end and an underwater acoustic communication terminal wet end; The main control unit module, the power management subsystem, the Beidou communication terminal, the mobile communication terminal, the Iridium communication terminal and the hydroacoustic communication terminal dry end are all fixedly connected in the electronic compartment; The energy harvesting subsystem and the antenna assembly are fixedly connected above the electronic compartment; The wet end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal is connected below the electronic compartment and is connected to the dry end of the hydroacoustic communication terminal through a watertight cable; The floating body is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the electronic compartment section.

2. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy collection subsystem includes: a wave energy power generation module and a wind energy generator set; The wave energy power generation module comprises: a linear reciprocating generator, a motor rod and a motor float; the motor rod is fixedly connected to the top of the electronic compartment, the linear reciprocating generator is slidably connected to the motor rod, and the motor float is fixedly connected to the linear reciprocating generator to provide buoyancy for the linear reciprocating generator; The wind power generator set comprises: three groups of vertical axis wind turbines; the three groups of vertical axis wind turbines are distributed in an equilateral triangle; the vertical axis wind turbines are fixedly connected to the top of the electronic compartment through a fixing frame.

3. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A flange is formed by radially extending outwardly for a predetermined distance along one end of the floating body close to the antenna assembly, and a plurality of slots arranged at intervals are circumferentially opened on the floating body.

4. The air-sea cross-domain communication gateway for efficient energy collection and management according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power management subsystem includes: a battery pack, a power conversion device, an STM32L051 single-chip microcomputer, a relay, a capacitor and a rectifier; the power conversion device includes: a 5V voltage conversion board, a 12V voltage conversion board and a 24V voltage conversion board.

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