Numerical controller and machine tool

Abstract

A numerical controller according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, which is capable of forming a two-dimensional code in a relatively short time, controls a machining mechanism for machining a workpiece using a plurality of cutters, and is provided with: a configuration information storage unit that stores mechanical configuration information; the mechanical structure information comprises information of the cutter of the machining mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data for specifying the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; a parallel process generation unit that generates, on the basis of the code data and the mechanical configuration information, a plurality of parallel processes that are assigned one by one to all of the valid tools, and that are executed in parallel to cause all of the valid tools to operate in a coordinated manner to form all of the two-dimensional codes; and a parallel process execution unit that executes the plurality of parallel processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a numerical control device and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] There is known a machine tool that forms a two-dimensional code on a processing object (workpiece) by milling.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-201075 Summary of the invention

[0006] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0007] Two-dimensional codes, including complex two-dimensional codes, are difficult to read if they are not accurately formed. Therefore, it takes a relatively long time to form a two-dimensional code through processing.

[0008] Solutions for solving problems

[0009] A numerical control device according to one embodiment of the present invention is provided for a processing mechanism that processes a workpiece using a plurality of tools, the numerical control device comprising: a structure information storage unit that stores mechanical structure information, the mechanical structure information including information about the tools of the processing mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data, the code data being used to determine the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; a parallel process generation unit that generates a plurality of parallel processes based on the code data and the mechanical structure information, the plurality of parallel processes being assigned one by one to all the effective tools, and the plurality of parallel processes being executed in parallel to enable all the effective tools to coordinate actions to form all the two-dimensional codes; and a parallel process execution unit that executes the parallel processes.

[0010] Another embodiment of the present invention involves a numerical control device that controls a processing mechanism that processes a workpiece using a tool, and the numerical control device comprises: a structure information storage unit that stores mechanical structure information, which includes information about the tool of the processing mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data, which is used to determine the shapes of multiple two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; a parallel process generation unit that generates a parallel process based on the code data and the mechanical structure information, and the parallel process is used to move the tool to form all the two-dimensional codes in parallel; and a parallel process execution unit that executes the parallel process.

[0011] Another embodiment of the present invention involves a numerical control device that controls a processing mechanism that processes a workpiece using one or more tools, and the numerical control device comprises: a structure information storage unit that stores mechanical structure information, which includes information about the tools of the processing mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data, which is used to determine the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; an integrated data generation unit that generates integrated data, which is used to determine the shape of a single integrated pattern containing all the two-dimensional codes; a parallel process generation unit that generates a plurality of parallel processes based on the integrated data and the mechanical structure information, the plurality of parallel processes are assigned one by one to all the effective tools, and the plurality of parallel processes are executed in parallel to enable all the effective tools to coordinate actions to form all the two-dimensional codes; and a parallel process execution unit that executes the parallel processes.

[0012] Effects of the Invention

[0013] According to the present disclosure, a two-dimensional code can be formed in a relatively short time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a machine tool according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 2 is exemplified by Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the workpiece processed by the machine tool.

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An expanded view of the workpiece.

[0017] Figure 4 It is explained in Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the shape of a two-dimensional code formed on a workpiece in a machine tool.

[0018] Figure 5 It is shown Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an example of a tool path in a machine tool.

[0019] Figure 6 It is shown Figure 1 The tool path in the machine tool is different from Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the example.

[0020] Figure 7 It is shown in Figure 1 Flowchart of the process of forming a QR code on a workpiece in a machine tool.

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a tool path in a modified example of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a machine tool 1 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] The machine tool 1 processes a workpiece W by using one or more tools (a first tool T1 and a second tool T2 in the figure), and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, one or more two-dimensional codes (a first two-dimensional code C1 and a second two-dimensional code C2 in the figure) are formed on the surface of the workpiece W by cutting. That is, the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are formed into a concave-convex pattern according to the presence or absence of cutting. The machine tool 1 includes: a processing mechanism 10 that moves the tools T1 and T2 relative to the workpiece W; and a numerical control device 20 that controls the processing mechanism 10.

[0024] The structure of the processing mechanism 10 is not particularly limited, but in the illustrated embodiment, the processing mechanism 10 is considered to be a lathe. The processing mechanism 10 of this embodiment has a plurality of drive shafts that move the tools T1, T2 and the workpiece W relative to each other. Specifically, the drive shafts include: a spindle Ac that rotates the workpiece W; a first feed shaft Az1 and a first cutting shaft Ax1 that move the first tool T1; and a second feed shaft Az2 and a second cutting shaft Ax2 that move the second tool T2. The processing mechanism 10 of this embodiment is considered to use two tools T1, T2 to process the workpiece W, but there is no particular limitation on the number of tools used.

[0025] The numerical control device 20 includes a memory, a processor, a storage device, an input / output interface, etc., and can be realized by one or more computer devices executing an appropriate control program. The numerical control device 20 includes a process control unit 21, a structure information storage unit 22, a code data acquisition unit 23, an integrated data generation unit 24, a parallel process generation unit 25, and a parallel process execution unit 26. In addition, these components are obtained by classifying the functions of the numerical control device 20, and may be components that cannot be clearly distinguished in the physical structure and program structure.

[0026] The machining control unit 21 controls the machining operation of the machining mechanism 10 on the workpiece W according to a machining program described by, for example, a G code or the like. The machining control unit 21 can be configured similarly to a machining control unit in a known numerical controller.

[0027] The structure information storage unit 22 stores mechanical structure information, which includes information about the tools T1 and T2 of the processing mechanism 10. The mechanical structure information preferably includes the number of valid tools T1 and T2. The number of valid tools T1 and T2 can be the maximum number (constant number) that can be used on the mechanical structure of the processing mechanism 10, based on the premise that the user installs tools T1 and T2 that can be used for processing the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2, or it can be a variable number that is the number of tools T1 and T2 actually installed by the user. In addition, the mechanical structure information preferably also includes the movable range of each drive axis, the origin position of each drive axis, the maximum speed, the maximum acceleration, the maximum jerk, etc.

[0028] The code data acquisition unit 23 acquires code data for determining the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 to be formed on the surface of the workpiece W. The code data acquisition unit 23 may be configured to acquire code data from a storage device or an external server (not shown) or the like, or may be configured to generate code data based on text data.

[0029] The integration data generating unit 24 generates integration data for determining the shape of a single integration pattern P including all the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 to be formed on the surface of the workpiece W. Figure 4 is an expanded view of the circumference of the workpiece W illustrating the integrated pattern P. In addition, the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 included in the integrated pattern P may not have the same shape. In addition, the integrated data is preferably set as three-dimensional data of a state in which all the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are arranged on the surface of the workpiece W. In addition, in the integrated data, the shapes of the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are preferably set in a manner that is not distorted when the workpiece W is observed. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are respectively projected onto the surface of the workpiece W in the radial direction of the workpiece W. In addition, it is preferable to set the depth of the cut portion of the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 to be constant.

[0030] The parallel process generation unit 25 generates a plurality of parallel processes based on the integrated data and the mechanical structure information. These plurality of parallel processes are assigned to all effective tools T1 and T2 one by one, and these plurality of parallel processes are executed in parallel to make all effective tools T1 and T2 coordinate their actions to form all two-dimensional codes C1 and C2. Here, "parallel process" refers to a series of actions, which not only includes the action of making tools T1 and T2 act on the workpiece W, but also includes the movement of tools T1 and T2 for this purpose. At least a part of these parallel processes is executed simultaneously with other parallel processes. In addition, the plurality of parallel processes do not need to be represented as separate information, for example, they can also be represented as a single data file containing a plurality of words for determining the action of each tool T1 and T2.

[0031] The parallel process generation unit 25 can also be as follows Figure 5 As shown, the integrated pattern P is divided into a plurality of divided areas R1 and R2 having equal widths along the feeding direction of the tools T1 and T2, and a parallel process is generated by sequentially allocating the divided areas R1 and R2 to the plurality of tools T1 and T2. In addition, a thin dashed line is used in the figure to represent the outline of the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2, and a thick dashed line is used to represent the relative movement path (tool path) L1 and L2 of the tools T1 and T2 relative to the workpiece W. In addition, in the figure, the divided areas R1 and R2 are respectively surrounded by an envelope (two-dash line) to represent the divided areas R1 and R2, but the divided areas R1 and R2 may also include a plurality of isolated areas in which part or all of the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 exist.

[0032] The parallel process generator 25 is preferably configured to divide the integrated pattern P into a plurality of divided regions R1 and R2 by a dividing line D which is a straight line parallel to one side of the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2. By dividing the integrated pattern P in this way, the integrated pattern P can be divided evenly relatively easily.

[0033] The parallel process generation unit 25 can generate parallel processes including tool paths of multiple passes (two or more passes) for the divided areas R1 and R2, respectively. The tool path of a single pass can be set to process the same column inside the divided areas R1 and R2 and move one column outside the divided areas R1 and R2. The main moving direction of the tools T1 and T2 relative to the workpiece W is preferably set to a direction parallel to the dividing line D that divides the integrated pattern P. As a result, the distance that can be processed in the tool path of a single pass becomes longer, so the acceleration and deceleration of the tools T1 and T2 can be reduced, and the processing time can be shortened.

[0034] The divided areas R1 and R2 may be set by dividing the integration pattern P with a predetermined width, but in order to improve the utilization efficiency of all the tools T1 and T2, it is preferably set each time according to the shape of the integration pattern P, the specifications of the tools T1 and T2, etc. The number of divided areas R1 and R2 is preferably an integral multiple of the number of tools T1 and T2 so that an equal number of divided areas R1 and R2 can be allocated to each tool T1 and T2, and more preferably equal to the number of tools T1 and T2 so as to suppress the moving distance of the tools T1 and T2.

[0035] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment, two two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are arranged along the rotation direction of the main axis Ac, so each two-dimensional code C1 and C2 is divided into a plurality of divided areas R1 and R2, and the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are formed by a plurality of tools T1 and T2. Figure 6As shown, when the two two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are arranged offset in the feeding direction of the tools T1 and T2 , each of the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 can be formed by a single tool T1 and T2 .

[0036] The parallel process execution unit 26 executes in parallel a number of parallel processes equal to the number of tools T1 and T2 generated by the parallel process generation unit 25. As a result, a plurality of two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 are formed on the surface of the workpiece W. In addition, when the number of valid tools is one, such as when only the first tool T1 is valid, the number of parallel processes generated by the parallel process execution unit 26 is only one.

[0037] exist Figure 7 2 shows a process of forming the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 on the workpiece W in the machine tool 1 , that is, a process of a forming method of forming the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 executed by the machine tool 1 .

[0038] The two-dimensional code forming method executed by the machine tool 1 includes a process of acquiring code data (step S1), a process of acquiring mechanical structure information (step S2), a process of generating integrated data (step S3), a process of dividing the integrated data into divided areas (step S4), a process of generating a tool path for a single pass for each divided area (step S5), a process of confirming whether the tool path reaches the end point of each divided area (step S6), and a process of executing a parallel process (step S7). In this process, the process of repeating steps S5 and S6 is a process of generating a parallel process executed by the parallel process generating unit 25.

[0039] After generating the integrated pattern P including all the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2, the machine tool 1 generates a parallel process in which all the effective tools T1 and T2 share the formation of the integrated pattern P. Therefore, in the machine tool 1, the moving distance and waiting time of the tools T1 and T2 can be suppressed, and the two-dimensional codes C1 and C2 can be efficiently formed in a relatively short time.

[0040] The following supplementary notes are further disclosed regarding the above-mentioned embodiment and modified examples.

[0041] (Note 1)

[0042] A numerical control device (20) controls a processing mechanism (10) that processes a workpiece (W) using a plurality of tools (T1, T2). The numerical control device (20) comprises: a structure information storage unit (22) that stores mechanical structure information, the mechanical structure information including information about the tools (T1, T2) of the processing mechanism (10); a code data acquisition unit (23) that acquires code data, the code data being used to determine the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes (C1, C2) to be formed on the surface of the workpiece (W); a parallel process generation unit (25) that generates a plurality of parallel processes based on the code data and the mechanical structure information, the plurality of parallel processes being assigned one by one to all effective tools (T1, T2), and the plurality of parallel processes being executed in parallel to enable all effective tools (T1, T2) to coordinate actions to form all two-dimensional codes (C1, C2); and a parallel process execution unit (26) that executes the parallel processes.

[0043] (Note 2)

[0044] A numerical control device (20) controls a processing mechanism (10) that processes a workpiece (W) using a tool (T1), and the numerical control device (20) comprises: a structure information storage unit (22) that stores mechanical structure information, the mechanical structure information including information about a tool (T1) of the processing mechanism (10); a code data acquisition unit (23) that acquires code data, the code data being used to determine the shapes of a plurality of two-dimensional codes (C1, C2) to be formed on the surface of the workpiece (W); a parallel process generation unit (25) that generates a parallel process based on the code data and the mechanical structure information, the parallel process being used to cause the tool (T1) to move so as to form all the two-dimensional codes (C1, C2) in parallel; and a parallel process execution unit (26) that executes the parallel process.

[0045] (Note 3)

[0046] A numerical control device (20) controls a machining mechanism (10) for machining a workpiece (W) using one or more cutting tools (T1, T2), the numerical control device (20) comprising: a structure information storage unit (22) for storing mechanical structure information, the mechanical structure information including information of the cutting tools (T1, T2) of the machining mechanism; a code data acquisition unit (23) for acquiring code data for determining the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes (C1, C2) to be formed on the surface of the workpiece (W); and an integrated data generation unit (24). It generates integrated data, which is used to determine the shape of a single integrated pattern (P) containing all two-dimensional codes (C1, C2); a parallel process generating unit (25), which generates multiple parallel processes based on the integrated data and mechanical structure information, and these multiple parallel processes are assigned to all effective tools (T1, T2) one by one, and the multiple parallel processes are executed in parallel to enable all effective tools (T1, T2) to coordinate actions to form all two-dimensional codes (C1, C2); and a parallel process executing unit (26), which executes the parallel processes.

[0047] (Note 4)

[0048] Alternatively, the parallel process generating unit (25) may divide the integrated pattern (P) into a plurality of divided regions (R1, R2) having equal widths, and generate parallel processes by sequentially allocating the divided regions (R1, R2) to the plurality of tools (T1, T2).

[0049] (Note 5)

[0050] The parallel process generation unit (25) may divide the integrated pattern (P) into a plurality of divided regions (R1, R2) by a straight line (D) parallel to one side of the two-dimensional code (C1, C2).

[0051] (Note 6)

[0052] The parallel process generating unit (25) may generate a parallel process in which a direction parallel to the straight line (D) for dividing the integrated pattern (P) is set as a main moving direction of the tool (T1, T2) relative to the workpiece (W).

[0053] (Note 7)

[0054] The mechanical configuration information may include the number of valid tools ( T1 , T2 ).

[0055] (Note 8)

[0056] A machine tool (1) comprises: a numerical control device (20) according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 7; and a machining mechanism (10) which is controlled by the numerical control device (20).

[0057] The present disclosure is described in detail above, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. These embodiments can be variously added, replaced, changed, partially deleted, etc. without departing from the scope of the present disclosure or without departing from the scope of the present disclosure derived from the contents recorded in the claims and their equivalents. In addition, these embodiments can also be implemented in combination. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiments, the order of each action and the order of each processing are shown as an example and are not limited to this. In addition, the same is true for the case where numerical values ​​or formulas are used in the description of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0058] In the machine tool involved in the present disclosure, the processing mechanism may also be a mechanism that performs processing types other than lathe processing, such as milling processing, laser processing, etc. In the machine tool involved in the present disclosure, the division direction of the integrated pattern can be appropriately selected according to the processing type, the axis structure of the processing mechanism, etc. As an example, Figure 8 As illustrated, when the tool is reciprocated while scanning the surface of the workpiece, it is preferred to divide the integrated pattern into a plurality of divided areas along the sub-scanning direction. In addition, in the case of a compound lathe capable of milling and grinding the surface of a workpiece whose rotation position can be determined by the main axis, the main scanning direction is set as the feed direction of the tool, and the tool can be moved in the sub-scanning direction relative to the workpiece by rotating the workpiece forward and backward.

[0059] Description of Reference Numerals

[0060] 1: machine tool; 10: machining mechanism; 20: numerical control device; 21: machining control unit; 22: structure information storage unit; 23: code data acquisition unit; 24: integrated data generation unit; 25: parallel process generation unit; 26: parallel process execution unit; Ac, Ax1, Ax2, Az1, Az2: drive shaft spindle; C1, C2: QR code; D: dividing line; L1, L2: tool path; P: integrated pattern; R1, R2: divided area; T1, T2: tool; W: workpiece.

Claims

1. A numerical control device for controlling a machining mechanism for machining a workpiece using a plurality of tools, the numerical control device comprising: a structure information storage unit storing mechanical structure information, wherein the mechanical structure information includes information of the tool of the processing mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data for determining the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; a parallel process generating unit, which generates a plurality of parallel processes based on the code data and the mechanical structure information, wherein the plurality of parallel processes are assigned to all the effective tools one by one, and the plurality of parallel processes are executed in parallel to make all the effective tools coordinate actions to form all the two-dimensional codes; and A parallel process execution unit executes the parallel processes.

2. A numerical control device for controlling a machining mechanism for machining a workpiece by a tool, the numerical control device comprising: a structure information storage unit storing mechanical structure information, wherein the mechanical structure information includes information of the tool of the processing mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data for determining shapes of a plurality of two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; a parallel process generating unit for generating a parallel process based on the code data and the mechanical structure information, the parallel process being used to operate the tool to form all the two-dimensional codes in parallel; as well as A parallel process execution unit executes the parallel processes.

3. A numerical control device for controlling a machining mechanism for machining a workpiece by one or more cutting tools, the numerical control device comprising: a structure information storage unit storing mechanical structure information, wherein the mechanical structure information includes information of the tool of the processing mechanism; a code data acquisition unit that acquires code data for determining the shape of one or more two-dimensional codes to be formed on the surface of the workpiece; An integrated data generating unit, which generates integrated data for determining a shape of a single integrated pattern including all of the two-dimensional codes; a parallel process generating unit, which generates a plurality of parallel processes based on the integrated data and the mechanical structure information, wherein the plurality of parallel processes are assigned to all the effective tools one by one, and the plurality of parallel processes are executed in parallel to make all the effective tools act in coordination to form all the two-dimensional codes; and A parallel process execution unit executes the parallel processes.

4. The numerical control device according to claim 3, wherein: The parallel process generating unit divides the integrated pattern into a plurality of divided regions having equal widths, and generates the parallel processes in such a manner that the divided regions are sequentially allocated to the plurality of tools.

5. The numerical control device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The parallel process generation unit divides the integrated pattern into a plurality of divided areas by straight lines parallel to one side of the two-dimensional code.

6. The numerical control device according to claim 5, wherein: The parallel process generating unit generates the parallel process in which a direction parallel to the straight line for dividing the integrated pattern is set as a main moving direction of the tool with respect to the workpiece.

7. The numerical control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The mechanical structure information includes the number of valid tools.

8. A machine tool comprising: The numerical control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and The processing mechanism is controlled by the numerical control device.

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