Soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated method and device. The rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integration is realized by adopting a dielectric wave-absorbing blade. According to the method, rotary tillage mechanical force, the microwave absorption characteristic of a dielectric material, the selective heating characteristic of microwaves and the microwave sterilization efficiency are ingeniously fused, and the double tasks of soil rotary tillage and high-temperature sterilization can be completed through one-time operation. The core is a dielectric wave-absorbing blade which not only can efficiently perform rotary tillage on soil, but also can be used as an efficient conversion and conduction medium of microwave energy to penetrate into the soil to transfer heat energy so as to realize in-situ high-temperature sterilization. The device integrates functional modules of physical rotary tillage, microwave radiation, anti-microwave leakage protection and the like, and ensures safe and efficient operation. According to the integrated scheme, the soil cultivation efficiency is remarkably improved, meanwhile, the disease and pest prevention and control capacity is enhanced, and a novel land management technology integrating high efficiency and environmental protection is provided for modern agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular relates to an integrated soil rotary tillage-microwave mixed in-situ sterilization device and method based on a dielectric wave-absorbing blade. Background Art

[0002] In traditional agricultural production, rotary tillage and soil sterilization are usually carried out separately. Rotary tillage is mainly used to improve soil structure, increase soil permeability and water retention, while soil sterilization is used to kill pathogens in the soil and reduce the occurrence of crop diseases. However, this step-by-step operation method not only increases the complexity and cost of farmland management, but may also cause the spread of diseases due to untimely or inadequate sterilization, affecting crop yield and quality.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of precision agriculture and smart agriculture, the market demand for agricultural machinery that can complete rotary tillage and sterilization operations at one time has increased. Therefore, how to effectively combine disinfection and sterilization with soil rotary tillage to achieve in-situ, efficient and uniform soil sterilization has become a key issue that needs to be urgently solved in the current agricultural technology field.

[0004] Traditional soil sterilization methods, such as chemical treatment, can effectively kill pests and diseases, but there are problems such as environmental pollution, soil structure damage and agricultural product residues. Microwave sterilization, as an efficient and pollution-free soil treatment method, has become a hot topic of research in recent years due to its unique penetrability and thermal effect. However, most of the microwave sterilization equipment currently uses fixed or mobile types. When treating large areas of soil, there are problems such as low efficiency and high energy consumption, and it is difficult to combine with soil tillage equipment, which limits its wide application in agricultural production. In addition, as a commonly used farmland tillage equipment, the simple physical tillage function of the traditional rotary tiller has not been effectively combined with soil sterilization. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an integrated device and method that can realize soil rotary tillage and efficient microwave sterilization. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an integrated soil rotary tillage-microwave mixed in-situ sterilization device and method based on dielectric wave absorbing blades.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved in this way. A soil rotary tillage-microwave hybrid in-situ sterilization integrated device based on dielectric wave absorbing blades includes a rotary tillage system, a microwave radiation system, a microwave leakage prevention system, a gearbox transmission system and a bracket. The microwave radiation system is internally installed with a rotary tillage system, and the microwave leakage prevention system is installed in front, back, left and right. The rotary tillage system, the microwave leakage prevention system and the microwave radiation system are connected to the gearbox transmission system through a bracket. The rotary tillage system includes a dielectric wave absorbing blade and a rotating shaft, and the dielectric wave absorbing blade is spirally distributed on the rotating shaft of the rotary tillage system. The microwave leakage prevention system includes a microwave leakage prevention suppressor and a chain saw type microwave protection plate. The microwave leakage prevention suppressor is distributed at the front and rear ends of the microwave leakage prevention system, and the chain saw type microwave protection plate is distributed on the left and right sides of the microwave leakage prevention system. The microwave radiation system includes a magnetron, a transmission waveguide, and a microwave radiation cavity. The magnetron is connected to the microwave radiation cavity through a transmission waveguide, and the microwave radiation cavity is surrounded by the microwave leakage prevention suppressor and the chain saw type microwave protection plate. The gearbox transmission system comprises a gearbox, a power output shaft and a transmission gear. The two ends of the power output shaft and the two ends of the rotating shaft are connected through the transmission gear, and the middle part of the power output shaft is connected to the gearbox.

[0007] A sterilization method of a soil rotary tillage-microwave hybrid in-situ sterilization integrated device based on a dielectric wave absorbing blade comprises the following steps: S1: Pre-tillage of rotary tillage system: Start the rotary tillage system and the chain saw type microwave protection plate chain saw by a tractor to till the land in situ, so that the microwave leakage suppressors at the front and rear ends fit with the ground, and the chain saw type microwave protection plates on both sides penetrate into the soil, and then form a closed structure with the top surface of the microwave radiation cavity to prevent microwave leakage.

[0008] S2: Microwave radiation cavity heating: Start the microwave radiation system, the magnetron emits microwaves and feeds the microwaves into the microwave radiation cavity through the transmission waveguide, and starts heating the dielectric absorbing blades and soil to achieve mixed sterilization.

[0009] S3: Mobile rotary tillage and sterilization: The soil rotary tillage and microwave mixed in-situ sterilization integrated device based on dielectric wave-absorbing blades is driven by a tractor to move, thereby realizing the soil rotary tillage and microwave mixed in-situ sterilization integrated mobile operation.

[0010] S4: After the operation is completed, turn off the microwave radiation system, lift the entire device, turn off the rotary tillage system, and leave the site.

[0011] 1. High-efficiency rotary tillage and sterilization integration: The dielectric absorbing blades can absorb microwave energy and convert it into heat energy to achieve high-temperature sterilization, and combine it with microwave direct radiation soil sterilization to form an efficient microwave mixed sterilization mode; at the same time, through the effective combination of physical tillage and soil sterilization, the operating efficiency is greatly improved.

[0012] 2. Energy saving and environmental protection: Microwave disinfection technology does not require chemical agents and will not pollute the environment. At the same time, the dielectric wave-absorbing blade has high thermal energy conversion efficiency and can reduce energy consumption.

[0013] 3. Easy to operate: The present invention can adopt a control system to achieve automatic control, which is simple to operate and easy to master.

[0014] 4. Wide scope of application: The present invention is applicable to various soil types and soil disinfection before crop planting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is one of the three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the third three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; In the figure: 1-rotary tillage system, 101-dielectric absorbing blade, 102-rotating shaft, 2-microwave radiation system, 201-microwave leakage suppressor, 202-chain saw type microwave protection plate, 3-microwave leakage system, 301-magnetron, 302-transmission waveguide, 303-microwave radiation cavity, 4-gearbox transmission system, 401-gearbox, 402-power output shaft, 403-transmission gear, 5-bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or substitutions made based on the teachings of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] As shown in FIG1 , the soil rotary tillage-microwave hybrid in-situ sterilization integrated device based on dielectric wave absorbing blades includes: a soil rotary tillage-microwave hybrid in-situ sterilization integrated device based on dielectric wave absorbing blades, including a rotary tillage system 1, a microwave radiation system 2, a microwave leakage prevention system 3, a gearbox transmission system 4 and a bracket 5, wherein the microwave radiation system 2 is internally installed with the rotary tillage system 1, and the microwave leakage prevention system 3 is installed in the front, back, left and right sides, and the rotary tillage system 1, the microwave leakage prevention system 2, and the microwave radiation system 3 are connected to the gearbox transmission system 4 through the bracket 5. The rotary tillage system 1 includes a dielectric wave absorbing blade 101 and a rotating shaft 102, and the dielectric wave absorbing blade 101 is spirally distributed on the rotating shaft 102 of the rotary tillage system 1. The microwave leakage prevention system 2 includes a microwave leakage prevention suppressor 201 and a chain saw type microwave protection plate 202, wherein the microwave leakage prevention suppressor 201 is distributed at the front and rear ends of the microwave leakage prevention system 2, and the chain saw type microwave protection plate 202 is distributed at the left and right sides of the microwave leakage prevention system 2. The microwave radiation system 3 includes a magnetron 301, a transmission waveguide 302, and a microwave radiation cavity 303. The magnetron 301 is connected to the microwave radiation cavity 303 through the transmission waveguide 302. The microwave radiation cavity is surrounded by a microwave leakage suppressor 201 and a chain saw type microwave protection plate 202. The gearbox transmission system 4 includes a gearbox 401, a power output shaft 402, and a transmission gear 403. The two ends of the power output shaft 402 and the two ends of the rotating shaft 102 are connected through the transmission gear 403, and the middle of the power output shaft 402 is connected to the gearbox 401.

[0018] A soil rotary tillage-microwave hybrid in-situ sterilization integrated method based on dielectric wave absorbing blades comprises the following steps: S1: Pre-tillage of rotary tillage system: Start the rotary tillage system 1 and the chain saw type microwave protection plate 202 by a tractor to chain saw and till the land, so that the microwave leakage suppressors 201 at the front and rear ends are in contact with the ground, and the chain saw type microwave protection plates 202 on both sides are deeply embedded in the soil, and then form a closed structure with the top surface of the microwave radiation cavity 303 to prevent microwave leakage.

[0019] S2: Microwave radiation cavity heating: The microwave radiation system 3 is started, and the magnetron 301 emits microwaves and feeds the microwaves into the microwave radiation cavity 303 through the transmission waveguide 302, and starts heating the dielectric absorbing blade 101 and the soil to achieve mixed sterilization.

[0020] S3: Mobile rotary tillage and sterilization: The soil rotary tillage and microwave mixed in-situ sterilization integrated device based on dielectric wave-absorbing blades is driven by a tractor to move, thereby realizing the soil rotary tillage and microwave mixed in-situ sterilization integrated mobile operation.

[0021] S4: After the operation is completed, turn off the microwave radiation system, lift the entire device, turn off the rotary tillage system, and leave the site.

[0022] Working principle of the present invention: The present invention uses the special properties of the dielectric absorbing blade while the soil is being physically tilled in the soil rotary tillage-microwave hybrid in-situ sterilization integrated device: it can absorb the electromagnetic energy precisely emitted by the microwave radiation device and efficiently convert this energy into heat energy. This process not only realizes the effective utilization of energy, but also causes the temperature of the blade to rise rapidly, thereby simultaneously performing local heating and deep sterilization of the contacted soil. The thermal effect generated by the high-temperature blade and the sterilization effect generated by direct microwave radiation of the soil complement each other, and together constitute an innovative microwave hybrid sterilization mode. This mode not only enhances the efficiency and range of sterilization, but also ensures the thoroughness and uniformity of soil sterilization through the dual effects of microwaves and thermal energy, demonstrating the unique advantages and application potential of the device and method in the field of agricultural soil treatment.

Claims

1. A soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated device, characterized in that The invention comprises a rotary tillage system (1), a microwave radiation system (2), a microwave leakage prevention system (3), a gearbox transmission system (4) and a bracket (5); the rotary tillage system (1) is installed inside the microwave radiation system (2); the microwave leakage prevention system (3) is installed at the front, back, left and right sides; the rotary tillage system (1), the microwave leakage prevention system (2) and the microwave radiation system (3) are connected to the gearbox transmission system (4) via the bracket (5); The rotary tillage system (1) comprises a dielectric wave absorbing blade (101) and a rotating shaft (102), wherein the dielectric wave absorbing blade (101) is spirally distributed on the rotating shaft (102) of the rotary tillage system (1); The microwave leakage prevention system (2) comprises a microwave leakage prevention suppressor (201) and a chain saw type microwave protection plate (202), wherein the microwave leakage prevention suppressor (201) is distributed at the front and rear ends of the microwave leakage prevention system (2), and the chain saw type microwave protection plate (202) is distributed at the left and right sides of the microwave leakage prevention system (2); The microwave radiation system (3) comprises a magnetron (301), a transmission waveguide (302), and a microwave radiation cavity (303); the magnetron (301) is connected to the microwave radiation cavity (303) via the transmission waveguide (302); the microwave radiation cavity (303) is surrounded by a microwave leakage suppressor (201) and a chain saw type microwave protection plate (202); The gearbox transmission system (4) comprises a gearbox (401), a power output shaft (402) and a transmission gear (403); two ends of the power output shaft (402) and two ends of the rotating shaft (102) are connected via the transmission gear (403); and the middle of the power output shaft (402) is connected to the gearbox (401).

2. The soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The microwave radiation system (3) comprises a plurality of magnetrons (301) and transmission waveguides (302); the magnetrons (301) are evenly distributed on the top surface of the microwave radiation cavity (303) via the transmission waveguides (302).

3. The soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The chain saw type microwave protection plate (202) is made of a rounded rectangular stainless steel plate with a chain saw provided on the edge, and is installed on both sides of the microwave radiation cavity (303).

4. The soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave leakage suppressor (201) is made of a comb-shaped sheet structure and is connected to a chain saw-type microwave protection plate (202), and can move up and down by gravity, spring support force and ground support force.

5. The soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dielectric wave-absorbing blade (101) is made of one or more of oxide ceramics, carbide ceramics, nitride ceramics or composite ceramic materials.

6. A method for realizing soil rotary tillage-microwave mixing in-situ sterilization integration using the device described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The steps include: S1: Pre-cultivation of the rotary tillage system: The rotary tillage system (1) and the chain saw type microwave protection plate (202) are started by a tractor to chain saw the situ tillage, so that the microwave leakage suppressors (201) at the front and rear ends are in contact with the ground, and the chain saw type microwave protection plates (202) on both sides are deeply embedded in the soil, thereby forming a closed structure with the top surface of the microwave radiation cavity (303) to prevent microwave leakage; S2: Microwave radiation cavity heating: The microwave radiation system (3) is started, and the magnetron (301) emits microwaves and feeds the microwaves into the microwave radiation cavity (303) through the transmission waveguide (302), thereby starting to heat the dielectric absorbing blade (101) and the soil, thereby achieving mixed sterilization; S3: Mobile rotary tillage sterilization: The whole device is moved by a tractor to realize the integrated mobile operation of soil rotary tillage and microwave mixing in-situ sterilization; S4: After the operation is completed, turn off the microwave radiation system, lift the entire device, turn off the rotary tillage system, and leave the site.

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