Fresh corn and fresh soybean composite planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite planting method for fresh corn and fresh soybean, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, by means of an alternate intercropping mode of corn and soybean, light energy complementation and root system synergy are carried out, different root system distribution and secretions of different crops are fully utilized, the soil structure and microbial community are improved, the soil fertility is improved, and the yield is increased. The corn root system deeply pricks to absorb deep nutrients, the soybean nitrogen fixation function supplements soil nitrogen, the corn root system and the soybean nitrogen fixation function synergistically reduce chemical fertilizer dependence, a matched intelligent sprinkling irrigation system monitors and dynamically adjusts irrigation based on the soil moisture content in real time, four times of precise fertilization and dilution control are combined, the chemical fertilizer utilization rate is increased, in addition, a Venturi fertilizer absorber is adopted for fertilization, the fertilizer is evenly distributed, and the fertilizer utilization rate is increased. And in the aspect of disease and pest control, physical monitoring and biological control means are combined, so that the use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, and pesticide residues are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a method for composite planting of fresh edible corn and fresh edible soybean. Background Art

[0002] Fresh corn and soybeans are important economic crops. Traditionally, they are planted in a single crop continuous cropping model. Long-term continuous cropping leads to soil nutrient imbalance, accumulation of pests and diseases, and self-toxic effects caused by root secretions, which seriously restrict yield and quality. In addition, traditional irrigation and fertilization rely on manual experience, with low water and fertilizer utilization rates, which can easily lead to resource waste or insufficient supply. Although existing intercropping technologies can partially alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping, they lack a systematic water, fertilizer and pesticide coordinated management plan, making it difficult to achieve precise regulation, resulting in limited improvement in planting benefits.

[0003] At present, in the existing technology, water and fertilizer management of intercropping mode mostly relies on fixed sprinkler irrigation system, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the water and fertilizer demand of crops. For example, there are differences in the fertilizer demand characteristics of corn and soybean, but the traditional sprinkler irrigation system cannot provide differentiated supply. In addition, the existing integrated water, fertilizer and pesticide equipment generally has the following problems:

[0004] Lack of intelligence: There is a lack of real-time soil moisture monitoring and feedback mechanism, and the timing of irrigation and fertilization depends on manual judgment, which is prone to delays or excessive operations;

[0005] Poor synergy: The water, fertilizer and pesticide systems operate independently, which makes switching cumbersome, and the incomplete flushing after pesticide application can easily cause pesticide residues;

[0006] Uneven coverage: The sprinkler irrigation radius is fixed and cannot adapt to the difference in row spacing between corn and soybean intercropping, resulting in irrigation blind spots or overlapping waste.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a composite planting method of fresh corn and fresh soybean and an intelligent integrated water, fertilizer and pesticide system, which realizes precise coordinated management of water, fertilizer and pesticide by optimizing intercropping structure, integrating dynamic monitoring and intelligent control. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a composite planting method of fresh corn and fresh soybean, which can improve the quality and safety of agricultural products. During the planting process, the planting layout enables the two crops to make full use of light, space and soil nutrients, reduce mutual competition, and create a good environment for crop growth. At the same time, precise water and fertilizer management and pest and disease control measures avoid the problems of over-fertilization and abuse of pesticides. Soil moisture is monitored in real time through a soil moisture detection station to achieve on-demand irrigation and ensure the water supply required for crop growth. A Venturi fertilizer suction device is used for fertilization to evenly distribute fertilizers and improve fertilizer utilization. In terms of pest and disease control, physical monitoring and biological control methods are combined to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and reduce pesticide residues.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybeans, wherein the specific steps of the method are:

[0010] S100, arranging rows of fresh corn and rows of fresh soybean alternately, with a row spacing of 30 cm, with every 2 rows of corn and 3 rows of soybean forming a planting unit, with a unit spacing of 60 cm, a corn plant spacing of 20 cm, and a soybean plant spacing of 10 cm;

[0011] S200, set up soil moisture detection stations, Venturi fertilizer suction devices, Venturi fertilizer applicators, fertilizer barrels, sprinkler belts and intelligent electric control switches in the field;

[0012] S300, using a sprinkler irrigation method through a soil moisture detection station set up in the field to perform three control modes on the fertilizer barrel, the control modes including pure water irrigation, fertilizer water supplementation, and drug spraying;

[0013] S400, controls the sprinkler irrigation system through an intelligent electric control switch, and automatically switches to the next planting unit after completing the water, fertilizer and pesticide operation of each planting unit.

[0014] Furthermore, in S200, the sprinkler belt is arranged between the corn belt and the soybean belt, the inner diameter of the sprinkler belt is 2.5 cm, the working pressure is 0.2 MPa, the spray coverage range is 2.5 m, and the horizontal distance between the sprinkler belt and the crop row is 15 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the working principle of the pure water irrigation mode in the S300 control mode is: data is collected in real time through three layers of soil moisture sensors buried at depths of 15cm, 30cm, and 45cm, and transmitted to the water meter. When the soil moisture content is lower than 60% of the field water holding capacity for 6 consecutive hours, the sprinkler system is started to replenish the moisture to 80%, and at the same time, the fertilizer and water replenishment mode is started to apply fertilizer in four times.

[0016] Furthermore, the fertilizer and water supplementation mode in S300 uses soluble compound fertilizer and corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and uses a venturi fertilizer suction device to introduce the fertilizer into the sprinkler irrigation system, and fertilizes in four stages:

[0017] Corn 6-leaf stage: Apply compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 15:15:15, dilute 100 times, put it in the fertilizer bucket for application, the amount is 20% of the total fertilizer amount;

[0018] Corn 9-leaf stage: Apply corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the amount is 20% of the total fertilizer;

[0019] Corn 12-leaf stage: Apply corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the amount is 30% of the total fertilizer;

[0020] After corn pollination is completed: apply corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the amount used is 30% of the total fertilizer.

[0021] Furthermore, during the crop growth period, the drug spraying mode in S300 uses a drug and fertilizer barrel to prepare pesticides according to the occurrence of pests and diseases, and uses a venturi fertilizer suction device to inject the pesticides into the sprinkler system and apply them to the field. The dilution multiple and flow rate of fertilizers and pesticides are controlled by the venturi fertilizer suction device, and the sprinkler system is cleaned after application.

[0022] Furthermore, the fertilizer is diluted by 100 times, and the pesticide is diluted by 800-1000 times;

[0023] The flow control is 1:100 for the fertilizer suction branch pipe and the main pipe flow, and the fertilizer suction time is ≤15 minutes / 300m 2 ;

[0024] After fertilization is completed, the system automatically switches to pure water irrigation mode to flush the residual fertilizer on the leaves, and the flushing time is 5-10 minutes; no cleaning is required after application.

[0025] Furthermore, the pesticides are chlorantraniliprole and fungicides for controlling fall armyworm.

[0026] Furthermore, in the S500, the intelligent electric control switch adopts a zoned rotation irrigation logic, with each 300 m2 being an independent irrigation unit, and the switching interval between each unit being 15 seconds.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the composite planting method of fresh corn and fresh soybean has the following advantages:

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention uses an alternating intercropping mode of corn and soybean to carry out light energy complementation and root coordination, fully utilizes the different root distributions and secretions of different crops, improves soil structure and microbial communities, and improves soil fertility. The corn roots deeply absorb deep nutrients, and the nitrogen fixation of soybeans supplements soil nitrogen. The two work together to reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers. The supporting intelligent sprinkler irrigation system dynamically adjusts irrigation based on real-time monitoring of soil moisture conditions, combines four-time precision fertilization and dilution control, and improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers. In addition, a Venturi fertilizer suction device is used for fertilization to evenly distribute the fertilizer, thereby improving the utilization rate of fertilizer. In terms of disease and pest control, physical monitoring and biological control methods are combined to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and reduce pesticide residues.

[0030] 2. The intelligent water-fertilizer-pesticide integrated system of the present invention realizes full-process automated control through the collaboration of the soil moisture detection station, the Venturi dilution module and the intelligent electric control switch. The system can automatically switch the water, fertilizer and pesticide modes according to the crop growth stage, thereby reducing labor costs. At the same time, it reduces pesticide residues through precise application of pesticides and improves food safety. In addition, it supports zoned rotation irrigation and recycling to reduce water resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0031] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 The present invention is a sprinkler irrigation flow chart of a composite planting method of fresh corn and fresh soybean.

[0034] Figure 2 The present invention is a diagram showing the overall steps of a method for composite planting of fresh edible corn and fresh edible soybean. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment describes in detail the specific implementation process of a method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybeans. This method achieves the coordinated growth of the two crops through a unique planting layout and an intelligent integrated water, fertilizer and pesticide system, improves land utilization and fertilizer utilization, reduces pesticide residues and environmental pollution, and reduces labor costs. This embodiment conducts an in-depth analysis of the working principle and operation process, aiming to fully demonstrate the feasibility of the composite planting method.

[0038] In the selected farmland area, fresh corn and fresh soybeans are planted in an alternating layout. The rows of fresh corn and fresh soybeans are arranged alternately. This spacing design is based on the needs of the two crops for light, space and nutrients during their growth. It can not only ensure that they receive sufficient light, but also avoid mutual shading and affecting photosynthesis. Every 2 rows of corn and 3 rows of soybeans form a planting unit with a unit spacing of 60 cm. This layout facilitates subsequent field management, irrigation, fertilization and harvesting operations. The corn plant spacing is determined to be 20 cm and the soybean plant spacing is 10 cm. While ensuring the individual growth space of crops, the number of crops planted per unit area of ​​land is maximized, thereby improving land utilization.

[0039] A variety of key equipment is set up in the field, including soil moisture detection station, Venturi fertilizer suction device, Venturi fertilizer applicator, fertilizer barrel, sprinkler belt and intelligent electric control switch. The sprinkler belt is set between the corn belt and the soybean belt, with an inner diameter of 2.5cm, a working pressure of 0.2MPa, a spray coverage range of 2.5m, and a horizontal distance of 15cm between the sprinkler belt and the crop row. The soil moisture detection station is equipped with three layers of soil moisture sensors with a burial depth of 15cm, 30cm and 45cm. The function of these sensors is to collect moisture content data of soil at different depths in real time. Its working principle is based on the dielectric properties of the soil. The dielectric constant will change with different moisture content in the soil. The sensor The soil moisture content is calculated by detecting the change of the dielectric constant. The sensor transmits the collected data to the water meter. The water meter, as a data transfer device, further transmits the data to the control system of the intelligent electric control switch. The reason for setting three layers of sensors at different depths is that the changes in soil moisture content at different depths have different effects on crop growth. The shallow soil moisture content reflects the crop's recent water demand, while the deep soil moisture content can reflect the soil's water storage capacity and long-term water supply. By comprehensively analyzing the soil moisture content data at different depths, the soil moisture condition can be judged more accurately, providing a scientific basis for irrigation decisions. The Venturi fertilizer suction device and the Venturi fertilizer applicator are used in the whole The working principle of the Venturi fertilizer absorber is based on the Venturi effect. When the water flows through the contraction section of the Venturi tube, the flow rate increases, the pressure decreases, and a negative pressure area is formed. The fertilizer solution or pesticide solution is sucked into the main water flow under the action of negative pressure, mixed with the water flow and sprayed into the field through the sprinkler belt. The Venturi fertilizer applicator has the same principle as the Venturi fertilizer absorber, and is mainly used to accurately introduce fertilizer into the sprinkler irrigation system. In actual applications, the amount of fertilizer sucked or applied by the Venturi fertilizer absorber and the Venturi fertilizer applicator can be controlled by adjusting the water flow rate and the diameter of the fertilizer suction pipe. For example, in the fertilizer and water replenishment mode, the water flow rate is controlled by adjusting the intelligent electric control switch, thereby controlling the Venturi. The fertilizer suction capacity of the fertilizer suction device ensures that the fertilizer is accurately applied to the field according to the predetermined ratio at different fertilization stages; the fertilizer bucket is used to store and mix fertilizer and pesticide solution, and its capacity is selected according to the actual planting area and the demand for fertilizer and pesticide. In this embodiment, the size of the fertilizer bucket can meet the fertilizer and pesticide requirements of a planting unit in a growth stage. Before use, according to the fertilization and pesticide application plan, the required fertilizer and pesticide are diluted and added to the fertilizer bucket, stirred evenly and waited for use; the sprinkler belt is the terminal equipment for water, fertilizer and pesticide spraying. The inner diameter of 2.5cm can ensure that the water flow has a suitable flow rate and flow rate under the working pressure of 0.2MPa, thereby achieving 2.The spray coverage range is 5m. Such parameter settings can ensure that the sprinkler belt can evenly spray water, fertilizer and medicine into the planting area to avoid blind areas or uneven spraying. The horizontal distance between the sprinkler belt and the crop row is 15cm. This distance can not only ensure that the sprayed water, fertilizer and medicine can effectively cover the crop root system, but also avoid mechanical damage to the crop growth caused by the sprinkler belt. The intelligent electric control switch is the control core of the entire irrigation system. It receives data from the soil moisture detection station and controls the sprinkler system. The intelligent electric control switch adopts the logic of zone rotation irrigation. Every 300㎡ is an independent irrigation unit, and the switching interval between units is 15 seconds. This zone rotation irrigation method can accurately control the irrigation time and irrigation amount of each irrigation unit according to the soil moisture and crop needs of different regions, avoiding the waste of water resources and improving irrigation efficiency. For example, when the soil moisture content of the irrigation unit is too low, the intelligent electric control switch will automatically start the sprinkler system of the unit for irrigation. When the irrigation is completed, after an interval of 15 seconds, it will automatically switch to the next irrigation unit for irrigation, realizing the automatic irrigation management of the entire planting area. .

[0040] The sprinkler irrigation method is adopted through the soil moisture detection station set up in the field to control the fertilizer barrel in three modes, including pure water irrigation, fertilizer water supplementation, and drug spraying. Among them, the pure water irrigation mode collects data in real time through three layers of soil moisture sensors buried at depths of 15cm, 30cm, and 45cm, and transmits it to the water meter. When the soil moisture content is lower than 60% of the field water holding capacity for 6 consecutive hours, the system determines that the soil is short of water and starts the sprinkler irrigation system to replenish the water to 80%. The field water holding capacity refers to the maximum water content that the soil can maintain under natural conditions. It is an indicator to measure the water retention capacity of the soil. By setting the soil moisture content range of 60%-80%, it can ensure that the crops have sufficient water supply during the growth process. It can also avoid problems such as root hypoxia caused by excessive soil moisture. When the sprinkler system is started, the fertilizer and water supplement mode is started, and fertilizer is applied in four times. This is because the demand for water and nutrients is interrelated during crop growth. When the soil is short of water, the crop's ability to absorb nutrients will also be affected. Fertilization at this time can make the fertilizer dissolve better in the soil solution and be absorbed and utilized by the crop root system; the fertilizer and water supplement mode uses soluble compound fertilizer and corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and introduces the fertilizer into the sprinkler system through a Venturi fertilizer suction device. The fertilization process is divided into four stages, which are carried out at the 6-leaf stage, 9-leaf stage, 12-leaf stage, and after pollination. At the 6-leaf stage of corn, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content is applied in a ratio of (15 :15:15) compound fertilizer, after diluting 100 times, put it in the fertilizer barrel for application, the dosage is 20% of the total fertilizer. Fertilization is chosen at the 6-leaf stage because the corn seedlings begin to enter the rapid growth stage at this time, and the demand for nutrients gradually increases. The diluted fertilizer solution is sucked into the sprinkler irrigation system through the Venturi fertilizer suction device, and sprayed into the field evenly with the water flow. In this process, the fertilizer suction amount of the Venturi fertilizer suction device is adjusted by controlling the water flow rate to ensure the accuracy of the fertilizer application amount; at the 9-leaf stage of corn, the corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied again, and the dosage is also 20% of the total fertilizer. The 9-leaf stage is the time when the growth rate of corn is accelerated, and the demand for nutrients is further increased. Continuing to fertilize according to the proportion can meet the nutrient needs of corn growth. , promote the healthy growth of the plant; at the 12-leaf stage of corn, the amount of fertilizer increased to 30% of the total amount of fertilizer. At this stage, the reproductive growth of corn gradually begins, and the demand for nutrients is more vigorous. Increasing the amount of fertilizer can provide sufficient nutrients for corn ear differentiation and grain formation, ensuring the yield and quality of corn; after the pollination of corn is completed, the remaining 30% of the total fertilizer is applied. After pollination, the corn enters the grain filling stage and requires a large amount of nutrients to enrich the grains. Fertilization at this time can increase the grain weight of corn and increase yield. During the entire fertilizer and water supplementation process, ensure that the fertilizer is fully dissolved in the soil solution after each fertilization to avoid fertilizer precipitation or excessive local concentration, so as not to affect the absorption of fertilizer by the crop roots or cause seedling burn;During the crop growth period, according to the occurrence of pests and diseases, pesticides are prepared in fertilizer barrels. By observing the occurrence of pests and diseases in the field, the Venturi fertilizer suction device is used to inject the pesticides into the sprinkler system and apply them to the field. The dilution multiple and flow rate of fertilizers and pesticides are controlled by the Venturi fertilizer suction device. The fertilizer dilution multiple is set to 100 times, and the pesticide dilution multiple is 800-1000 times. For example, for some high-efficiency and low-toxic pesticides, in order to ensure that they do not cause damage to crops while preventing and controlling pests and diseases, high-multiple dilution is performed. The ratio of the fertilizer suction branch pipe to the main pipe flow rate is 1:100, ensuring that when the fertilizers and pesticides are injected into the sprinkler system, they can be evenly mixed in the water flow, realizing precise pesticide and fertilization, and the fertilizer suction time is ≤15 minutes / 300m; 2 , by controlling the fertilizer absorption time, the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied to each planting unit can be accurately controlled.

[0041] After fertilization is completed, the system automatically switches to pure water irrigation mode to flush the residual fertilizer on the leaves. The flushing time is 5-10 minutes. Fertilizer residue on the leaves will cause burns to the leaves and affect the photosynthesis of the crops. Pure water irrigation and flushing can effectively flush away the residual substances on the leaves, ensure the healthy growth of crops, and improve food safety quality.

[0042] It can be seen from the detailed planting process of this embodiment that this method of composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybeans makes full use of land resources in terms of planting layout, realizes light energy complementation and root system coordination, and the soil moisture detection station monitors soil moisture content in real time, providing accurate data basis for irrigation and fertilization. The application of Venturi fertilizer suction device and Venturi fertilizer applicator realizes the precise introduction of fertilizer and pesticide, and the setting of sprinkler belt ensures the uniform spraying of water, fertilizer and medicine. The zone rotation irrigation logic of the intelligent electric control switch improves irrigation efficiency and reduces water resource waste; in terms of water, fertilizer and medicine control mode, the pure water irrigation mode replenishes water in time according to soil moisture, and at the same time combines the fertilizer and water replenishment mode to accurately fertilize according to the needs of different growth stages of corn, thereby improving fertilizer utilization rate, reducing fertilizer waste and environmental pollution, and the drug spraying mode accurately applies drugs according to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. By strictly controlling the dilution multiple, flow rate and fertilizer absorption time, while effectively preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests, pesticide residues are reduced, and the quality and safety of agricultural products are guaranteed.

[0043] To sum up, the composite planting method of fresh corn and fresh soybeans demonstrated in this embodiment realizes intelligent and precise management of the planting process through collaborative work, improves the yield and quality of agricultural products, reduces negative impacts on the environment, and reduces labor costs.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] In this embodiment, according to the area of ​​the planting area, the planting rows are marked in the order of C1-C2-S1-S2-S3-C3-C4-S4-S5-S6 to ensure that corn (C row) and soybean (S row) are arranged alternately, the corn row spacing is set to 30 cm, the soybean row spacing is set to 30 cm, furrows are dug along the marked lines, the corn sowing depth is 5-6 cm, the soybean sowing depth is 3-4 cm, 2 seeds are sown in each hole, the corn plant spacing is 20 cm, and the soybean plant spacing is 10 cm. Figure 1 As shown, the specific process of sprinkler irrigation through a composite planting method of fresh corn and fresh soybean is as follows:

[0046] The three-layer soil moisture sensor at the soil moisture monitoring station collects data in real time and transmits it to the water meter;

[0047] The intelligent electric control switch continuously receives data from the water meter. When it detects that the soil moisture content is lower than 60% of the field water holding capacity for 6 consecutive hours, the sprinkler irrigation system is activated.

[0048] The sprinkler irrigation system starts working, replenishing water to the field through the sprinkler belt until the soil moisture content reaches 80%, so that the field soil water holding capacity is maintained between 60-80%, otherwise water is replenished again;

[0049] When the sprinkler system is started to replenish water, the fertilizer and water replenishment mode is triggered;

[0050] Fertilize corn four times according to its growth stage. At the 6-leaf stage, prepare compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 15:15:15, dilute it 100 times and pour it into the fertilizer bucket;

[0051] The fertilizer solution in the fertilizer tank is introduced into the sprinkler irrigation system through the Venturi fertilizer suction device, and the application amount is 20% of the total fertilizer amount;

[0052] When the corn is at the 9-leaf stage, repeat the above steps of preparing fertilizer, diluting it, and introducing it into the sprinkler irrigation system, and the application rate is still 20% of the total fertilizer rate;

[0053] When corn leaves reach 12, prepare the corresponding compound fertilizer, dilute it and introduce it into the sprinkler irrigation system, and adjust the application amount to 30% of the total fertilizer amount.

[0054] After corn pollination is completed, the last fertilizer application is carried out, and the application amount is 30% of the total fertilizer amount. After each fertilization, ensure that the fertilizer is evenly distributed in the soil;

[0055] During the crop growth period, regularly inspect the fields for pests and diseases;

[0056] According to the occurrence of pests and diseases, spray drugs, such as chlorantraniliprole and fungicides for the control of fall armyworm;

[0057] Dilute the pesticide 800-1000 times and put it into the fertilizer bucket;

[0058] The solution in the fertilizer tank is injected into the sprinkler irrigation system through the Venturi fertilizer suction device. The flow ratio of the fertilizer suction branch pipe to the main pipe is controlled to be 1:100. The fertilizer suction time is ≤15 minutes / 300m 2 ;

[0059] After the application of pesticides is completed, the intelligent electric control switch controls the sprinkler irrigation system and waits for 15 seconds after completing the water, fertilizer and pesticide operation of one planting unit (300 square meters);

[0060] After the 15-second interval, it automatically switches to the next planting unit and repeats the above operations such as pure water irrigation, fertilizer and water supplementation, and drug spraying until the operation of the entire planting area is completed.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean, characterized in that: The specific steps of this method are: S100, arranging rows of fresh corn and rows of fresh soybean alternately, with a row spacing of 30 cm, with every 2 rows of corn and 3 rows of soybean forming a planting unit, with a unit spacing of 60 cm, a corn plant spacing of 20 cm, and a soybean plant spacing of 10 cm; S200, set up soil moisture detection stations, Venturi fertilizer suction devices, Venturi fertilizer applicators, fertilizer barrels, sprinkler belts and intelligent electric control switches in the field; S300, using a sprinkler irrigation method through a soil moisture detection station set up in the field to perform three control modes on the fertilizer barrel, the control modes including pure water irrigation, fertilizer water supplementation, and drug spraying; S400, controls the sprinkler irrigation system through an intelligent electric control switch, and automatically switches to the next planting unit after completing the water, fertilizer and pesticide operation of each planting unit.

2. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sprinkler belt in S200 is arranged between the corn belt and the soybean belt, has an inner diameter of 2.5 cm, a working pressure of 0.2 MPa, a spray coverage range of 2.5 m, and a horizontal distance of 15 cm between the sprinkler belt and the crop row.

3. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working principle of the pure water irrigation mode in the S300 control mode is as follows: data is collected in real time through three layers of soil moisture sensors buried at depths of 20 cm, 40 cm and 60 cm, and transmitted to the water meter. When the soil moisture content is lower than 60% of the field water holding capacity for 6 consecutive hours, the sprinkler irrigation system is started to replenish the moisture to 80%, and at the same time, the fertilizer and water replenishment mode is started to apply fertilizer in four times.

4. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fertilizer and water supplementation mode in S300 uses soluble compound fertilizer and corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and uses a venturi fertilizer suction device to introduce the fertilizer into the sprinkler irrigation system, and fertilizes in four stages: Corn 6-leaf stage: Apply compound fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 15:15:15, dilute 100 times, put it in the fertilizer bucket for application, the amount is 20% of the total fertilizer amount; Corn 9-leaf stage: Apply corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the amount is 20% of the total fertilizer; Corn 12-leaf stage: Apply corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the amount is 30% of the total fertilizer; After corn pollination is completed: apply corresponding nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, the amount used is 30% of the total fertilizer.

5. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drug spraying mode in S300 uses a drug and fertilizer barrel to prepare pesticides according to the occurrence of pests and diseases during the crop growth period, and uses a venturi fertilizer suction device to inject the pesticides into the sprinkler irrigation system and apply them to the field. The dilution multiple and flow rate of fertilizers and pesticides are controlled by the venturi fertilizer suction device, and the sprinkler irrigation system is cleaned after application.

6. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fertilizer is diluted 100 times, and the pesticide is diluted 800-1000 times; The flow control is 1:100 for the fertilizer suction branch pipe and the main pipe flow, and the fertilizer suction time is ≤15 minutes / 300m 2 ; After fertilizing and applying pesticides, the system automatically switches to pure water irrigation mode to flush residual fertilizers and pesticides from the leaves, and the flushing time is 5-10 minutes.

7. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pesticides are chlorantraniliprole and fungicides for controlling fall armyworm.

8. The method for composite planting of fresh corn and fresh soybean according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S500, the intelligent electric control switch adopts a zoned rotation irrigation logic, with each 300 m2 being an independent irrigation unit, and the switching interval between each unit being 15 seconds.

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