Method for promoting cross orchid remote reconstruction

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for promoting cross orchid remote reconstruction, and relates to the field of plant protection, in particular to a cross orchid remote reconstruction method. The invention aims to solve the endangered problem of the cross orchid. The method comprises the steps of 1, habitat investigation; 2, selecting a reconstruction place; 3, collecting earth surface vegetation; 4, constructing a microhabitat; 5, transplanting the plants; 6, water management; and 7, investigating and observing. The method follows the basic principles of plant interaction, ecological niche theory and the like, and has scientificity; through native habitat migration, microtopography modification and appropriate moisture regulation and control, an appropriate environment is created for cross cymbidium remote reconstruction, and in cooperation with a dense planting measure, renewal and growth of cross cymbidium can be obviously promoted; the technology does not involve large-scale engineering measures, and the microtopography modification and moisture regulation measures are simple and convenient to operate, so that the method is suitable for popularization and application in protected areas of different levels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of plant protection, in particular to an off-site reconstruction method of Habenaria schindleri. Background Art

[0002] As the main component of wetland ecosystems, wetland plants play an important and irreplaceable role. Wetland plants are not only important primary producers, providing material and energy sources, but also play an important role in maintaining biodiversity, regulating floods, storing carbon and fixing carbon. Carrying out wetland vegetation restoration and reconstruction is of great significance to enhancing the important ecological functions of wetlands.

[0003] Endangered plants refer to plants that are facing the risk of extinction due to environmental changes. The reasons for plant endangerment are very complex. Improper human activities, climate change and the invasion of alien species may all lead to plant endangerment. Cross orchid is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Habenaria in the Orchidaceae family. It is listed in the "Red List of Endangered Species of the World Conservation Union" (IUCN) - Vulnerable (VU). In my country, cross orchids are mostly grown in valley grasses, swamps or other wet places. However, in recent decades, due to the loss of wetland area and functional degradation in my country, endangered plants such as cross orchids are facing more serious threats. For wetlands that are severely damaged or have great potential threats, their habitats are no longer suitable for the survival of endangered plants. At present, there are no reports on the technology for the ex situ reconstruction of cross orchids, which restricts the effective protection of this plant and similar species. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to solve the technical problem of the endangered cross orchid and provide a method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of the cross orchid.

[0005] The method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid is as follows:

[0006] 1. Habitat survey: In areas where the Cross Orchid is seriously threatened, survey its distribution during the flowering and fruiting period of the plants, and mark each Cross Orchid plant; at the same time, select nearby undisturbed or lightly disturbed Cross Orchid distribution areas to survey the composition of associated species, litter thickness, and soil moisture characteristics;

[0007] 2. Selection of reconstruction sites: Select a lakeside or waterside with flat terrain that will not be flooded for a long time during the flood season in a park, conservation area or other protected area as the reconstruction site for the Cross Orchid;

[0008] 3. Collecting surface vegetation: In the undisturbed or lightly disturbed areas of the Cross Orchid surveyed in step 1, avoid the Cross Orchid plants and collect a small amount of surface vegetation, and place it in a cool and moist place for later use;

[0009] 4. Microhabitat construction: In the reconstruction site determined in step 2, select an area of ​​1m 2Dig a pit in the area, cover the bottom of the pit with the surface vegetation collected in step 3, and immediately fill it with water;

[0010] 5. Plant transplantation: Carefully dig out the Cross Orchid plants marked in step 1 (in order not to damage the roots and stems of the Cross Orchid, some roots and soil of other plants can be allowed), put them in a plastic bag, spray a small amount of water to keep them moist, and transplant the Cross Orchid to the habitat described in step 4 as soon as possible (bury the roots and stems of the Cross Orchid in the soil at the bottom of the pit);

[0011] 6. Water management: After implementing step 5, water the plants immediately, and then water them every 2 days. After the plants sprout, add water according to the precipitation conditions.

[0012] 7. Investigation and observation: For the areas after the implementation of step 6, record the total cover of companion species and the growth and renewal of Cross Orchid, thus achieving the ex situ reconstruction of Cross Orchid.

[0013] The pit described in step 4 has a depth of 20-30 cm, all the topsoil is removed, and the bottom of the pit is flat.

[0014] After the pit is dug as described in step 4, it is separated by wooden boards 40-60 cm high. The wooden boards are inserted into the soil to stabilize them, and there are small holes with a diameter of 1 mm on the wooden boards, which only allow water to pass freely and can also block the reproductive bodies of other plants from entering.

[0015] When managing water in step six, keep the surface water depth at 0.1-10cm.

[0016] The method for promoting off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention is proposed based on field investigations in the distribution area of ​​Cross Orchid, and follows the basic principles of plant interaction and niche theory, and is scientific;

[0018] 2. The present invention creates a suitable environment for the off-site reconstruction of Cross orchid by migrating the original habitat, modifying the micro-topography and regulating the appropriate water content. Combined with the dense planting measures, it can significantly promote the renewal growth of Cross orchid.

[0019] 3. The present invention does not involve large-scale engineering measures. The measures adopted, such as migration of native habitats and plant transplantation, minimize the damage to wetlands. The micro-topography modification and water control measures are easy to operate and suitable for promotion and application in protected areas of different levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the effects of different experimental treatments on the growth and renewal of Cross orchid and the total cover of companion plants. In the figure, A represents the number of Cross orchid renewals, B represents the total height of Cross orchid, and C represents the cover of companion plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific implementation modes.

[0022] Specific implementation method 1: The method of promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid in this implementation method is as follows:

[0023] 1. Habitat survey: In areas where the Cross Orchid is seriously threatened, survey its distribution during the flowering and fruiting period of the plants, and mark each Cross Orchid plant; at the same time, select nearby undisturbed or lightly disturbed Cross Orchid distribution areas to survey the composition of associated species, litter thickness, and soil moisture characteristics;

[0024] 2. Selection of reconstruction sites: Select a lakeside or waterside with flat terrain that will not be flooded for a long time during the flood season in a park, conservation area or other protected area as the reconstruction site for the Cross Orchid;

[0025] 3. Collecting surface vegetation: In the undisturbed or lightly disturbed areas of the Cross Orchid surveyed in step 1, avoid the Cross Orchid plants and collect a small amount of surface vegetation, and place it in a cool and moist place for later use;

[0026] 4. Microhabitat construction: In the reconstruction site determined in step 2, select an area of ​​1m 2 Dig a pit in the area, cover the bottom of the pit with the surface vegetation collected in step 3, and immediately fill it with water;

[0027] 5. Plant transplantation: Carefully dig out the Cross Orchid plants marked in step 1 (in order not to damage the roots and stems of the Cross Orchid, some roots and soil of other plants can be allowed), put them in a plastic bag, spray a small amount of water to keep them moist, and transplant the Cross Orchid to the habitat described in step 4 as soon as possible (bury the roots and stems of the Cross Orchid in the soil at the bottom of the pit);

[0028] 6. Water management: After implementing step 5, water the plants immediately, and then water them every 2 days. After the plants sprout, add water according to the precipitation conditions.

[0029] 7. Investigation and observation: For the areas after the implementation of step 6, record the total cover of companion species and the growth and renewal of Cross Orchid, thus achieving the ex situ reconstruction of Cross Orchid.

[0030] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 in that the pit described in step 4 is 20-30 cm deep, all the topsoil is removed, and the bottom of the pit is flat. Other aspects are the same as specific implementation method 1.

[0031] Specific implementation method 3: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 or 2 in that after the pit is dug in step 4, a 40-60 cm high wooden board is used to separate the pit around the pit, the wooden board is inserted into the soil to stabilize it, and there are small holes with a diameter of 1 mm on the wooden board. The rest is the same as specific implementation method 1 or 2.

[0032] Specific implementation method 4: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 3 in that the surface water depth is maintained at 0.1-10 cm during water management in step 6. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 3.

[0033] Specific implementation mode 5: This implementation mode is different from specific implementation modes 1 to 4 in that the surface vegetation in step 3 contains a litter layer, a grass root layer and a small amount of soil. The rest is the same as specific implementation modes 1 to 4.

[0034] Specific implementation method 6: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 5 in that the surface vegetation in step 3 includes a litter layer and a grass root layer. The rest is the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 5.

[0035] The following examples are used to verify the effects of the present invention:

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] In 2024, the relocation and reconstruction of Cross Orchid will be promoted in Sanjiang National Wetland Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang Province, and the following steps will be taken:

[0038] 1. Habitat survey: In the area where the Cross Orchid was seriously disturbed by agricultural activities (E134.6179089, N47.6227972), its distribution was investigated during the flowering and fruiting period (June-August), and each plant was marked; at the same time, the Cross Orchid distribution area that was not disturbed or disturbed less was selected nearby (E134.6606951, N47.7370167), and the main associated species were found to be large-leaved seal, small white flowered burdock, small flowered burdock, ulula grass, donkey hoof grass, red flowered Hypericum, narrow-leaved sweet grass, hairy sedge, gray veined sedge and Lythrum salicaria, the thickness of litter was about 5cm, the thickness of litter + grass root layer was about 15cm, and the surface water depth was 0.1-10cm;

[0039] 2. Selection of reconstruction sites: Select a waterside habitat (E134.6147484, N48.1545195) with little human activities in the reserve, in an area with relatively flat terrain and which will not be flooded for a long time during the flood season, as the reconstruction site for the cross orchid;

[0040] 3. Collection of surface vegetation: In the undisturbed or lightly disturbed distribution area of ​​Cross Orchid investigated in step 1, avoid the Cross Orchid plants and collect a small amount of surface vegetation, and place them in a cool and moist place for later use; in order to avoid causing harm to the native vegetation, when cutting the surface vegetation, the length and width of each piece should be 20 cm and the depth should not exceed 30 cm. After collecting, fill the collection area with surrounding plants and litter.

[0041] 4. Microhabitat construction: In the reconstruction site determined in step 2, select an area of ​​1m 2Dig a pit in the area with a depth of 20-30cm, remove all the topsoil and make the bottom of the pit flat; cover the bottom of the pit with the surface vegetation collected in step 3 and immediately fill it with water; separate the pit with 40-60cm high wooden boards, insert the wooden boards into the soil to stabilize it, and have small holes with a diameter of 1mm on the wooden boards, which only allow water to pass freely and can also block the propagules of other plants from entering;

[0042] 5. Plant transplantation: Carefully dig out the Cross Orchid plants marked in step 1 (in order not to damage the roots and stems of the Cross Orchid, some roots and soil of other plants can be allowed), put them in a plastic bag, spray a small amount of water to keep them moist, and transplant the Cross Orchid to the habitat described in step 4 as soon as possible (bury the roots and stems of the Cross Orchid in the soil at the bottom of the pit);

[0043] 6. Water management: After implementing step 5, water immediately, and then water every 2 days. After the plants sprout, add water according to the precipitation conditions, and keep the surface water depth at 0.1-10cm;

[0044] 7. Investigation and observation: For the areas after the implementation of step 6, record the total coverage of companion species and the number and total plant height of Cross Orchid at the end of the growing season (end of August), thus realizing the ex situ reconstruction of Cross Orchid.

[0045] The effect of the method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid in this embodiment is verified by the following experiments:

[0046] The experimental group and the control group were set up. The experimental group: the depth of cutting the surface vegetation when collecting the surface vegetation in step 3 of this embodiment, and the number of cross orchids transplanted per square meter when transplanting the plants in step 5 were changed. The control group: the difference from the experimental group was that the surface vegetation collected in step 3 was not laid when constructing the microhabitat in step 4, and the other treatments were the same as the experimental group. The experimental results are shown in Tables 1 and Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 In order to capture the effects of surface vegetation thickness and the number of initial replanting on the total cover of the companion species community, A, B, and C in the figure represent the number of Cross orchid renewal, the total height of Cross orchid, and the cover of the companion species, respectively. Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0047] Table 1 Effects of different experimental treatments on the growth and renewal of Cross orchid and the total coverage of associated plants

[0048]

[0049] Note: The thickness of the cut surface vegetation: 0cm - no paving at the bottom of the pit, 5cm - the surface vegetation only contains litter, 15cm - the surface vegetation contains litter layer and grass root layer, 25cm - the surface vegetation contains litter layer, grass root layer and a small amount of soil; different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05)

[0050] Statistical analysis showed that the migration and coverage of surface vegetation had a significant effect on the number of Cross orchid regeneration (F = 87, P < 0.001), plant height (F = 115.117, P < 0.001) and the total coverage of companion species (F = 220.551, P < 0.001). Compared with the control (no native vegetation coverage), litter cover (thickness 5cm) and litter + grass root layer cover (thickness 15cm) increased the number of Cross orchid plants after regeneration by 430% and 870%, respectively (Table 1, Figure 1 A), the total plant height of Cross orchid after regeneration increased by 433% and 1190% respectively (Table 1, Figure 1 B), indicating that native vegetation cover is crucial to promoting the ex situ reconstruction of Cross orchid. Figure 1 C It can be seen that compared with no coverage, covering the litter layer increased the total coverage of the companion species by 200%-220%, and covering the litter layer + grass root layer greatly increased the total coverage of the companion species by 738%-1140%. The surface vegetation layer (especially the treatment with grass root layer) contains rich plant propagules, which successfully germinate under suitable water conditions, and create conditions for the survival and growth of Cross orchid as it continues to grow. In addition, the acid-base, nutrient environment and microbial community created by the grass root layer and litter also provide a suitable environment for the establishment of Cross orchid and other plants in ex situ populations. It can be seen that by appropriately increasing the planting density of Cross orchid, the success rate of its ex situ reconstruction can be improved. Under the same initial planting density, the three indicators of total coverage of companion species, number of Cross orchid renewal and total plant height were not significantly different between 15 cm coverage and 25 cm coverage, which shows that even if the native vegetation does not contain soil, it can also play a role in promoting the ex situ establishment of Cross orchid populations, and the litter and grass root layer play a key role.

[0051] The initial number of Cross orchids planted had a significant effect on the number of Cross orchids regeneration (F = 187.267, P < 0.001) and total plant height (F = 181.021, P < 0.001). Compared with the initial number of 1 plant, the initial number of 4 plants increased the number of Cross orchids regeneration by 178%-212% at the end of the growing season (Table 1, Figure 1 A), the total plant height increased by 182%-220% (Table 1, Figure 1B). This means that there are intraspecific interactions between individuals or populations of Cross Orchid, which plays an important role in the ecosystem and is conducive to the survival, reproduction and adaptation of species to changing environments. Based on the above test results, by covering the native vegetation including the litter layer and the grass root layer, appropriately increasing the initial density of Cross Orchid, and supplemented by appropriate water management, the goal of re-establishing Cross Orchid in situ can be achieved. This not only avoids the destruction of undisturbed natural wetlands, but also implements rescue protection for endangered plants; with the continuous growth and reproduction of companion plants, the new environment gradually changes, which is more suitable for the survival and growth of endangered plants such as Cross Orchid, and successfully achieves re-establishment in situ.

Claims

1. A method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid, characterized in that The method for promoting the off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid is as follows:

1. Habitat survey: In areas where the Cross Orchid is seriously threatened, survey its distribution during the flowering and fruiting period of the plants, and mark each Cross Orchid plant; at the same time, select nearby undisturbed or lightly disturbed Cross Orchid distribution areas to survey the composition of associated species, litter thickness, and soil moisture characteristics; 2. Selection of reconstruction sites: Select a lakeside or waterside with flat terrain that will not be flooded for a long time during the flood season in a park, conservation area or other protected area as the reconstruction site for the Cross Orchid; 3. Collecting surface vegetation: In the undisturbed or lightly disturbed areas of the Cross Orchid surveyed in step 1, avoid the Cross Orchid plants and collect a small amount of surface vegetation, and place it in a cool and moist place for later use; 4. Microhabitat construction: In the reconstruction site determined in step 2, select an area of ​​1m 2 Dig a pit in the area, cover the bottom of the pit with the surface vegetation collected in step 3, and immediately fill it with water; 5. Plant transplantation: Carefully dig out the Cross Orchid plants marked in step 1, put them in a plastic bag, spray a small amount of water to keep them moist, and transplant the Cross Orchid to the habitat described in step 4 as soon as possible; 6. Water management: After implementing step 5, water the plants immediately, and then water them every 2 days. After the plants sprout, add water according to the precipitation conditions.

7. Investigation and observation: For the areas after the implementation of step 6, record the total coverage of companion species and the growth and renewal of Cross Orchid, thus achieving the ex situ reconstruction of Cross Orchid.

2. The method for promoting off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid according to claim 1, characterized in that The pit described in step 4 has a depth of 20-30 cm, all the topsoil is removed, and the bottom of the pit is flat.

3. The method for promoting off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid according to claim 1, characterized in that After the pit is dug in step 4, it is separated by wooden boards 40-60 cm high. The wooden boards are inserted into the soil to stabilize it, and there are small holes with a diameter of 1 mm on the wooden boards.

4. The method for promoting off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid according to claim 1, characterized in that When managing water in step six, keep the surface water depth at 0.1-10cm.

5. The method for promoting off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface vegetation described in step 3 includes a litter layer, a grass root layer and a small amount of soil.

6. The method for promoting off-site reconstruction of Cross Orchid according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface vegetation described in step three includes a litter layer and a grass root layer.

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