Manufacturing method of tea tree bonsai

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of hydroponic plants, and particularly relates to a tea tree bonsai manufacturing method which comprises the following steps: (1) trimming and shaping; (2) dormancy; (3) waking up; (4) growing; and (5) transplanting or selling. According to the scheme, roots of most old tea trees are cut off, the occupied volume of the roots is reduced, and the cultivation burden is relieved; keeping the tea trees in a dormant state to preserve vitality; the root system is gradually awakened after adapting to the high-humidity and low-temperature environment, so that the water absorption capacity of the root system is gradually recovered; the environment adaptability of the tea trees is gradually enhanced in the new branch and leaf growth process, so that the service life of the bonsai is prolonged. According to the scheme, the size is small, the weight is light, carrying is easy, the cultivation period is short, and recycling of waste old tea trees is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydroponic plants, and in particular relates to a method for making tea tree bonsai by utilizing hydroponic technology. Background Art

[0002] Tea trees are native to China. China's tea planting area accounts for 62% of the world's total tea planting area, making it the country with the largest tea planting area. Tea trees can be harvested in small quantities about three years after planting, and reach their peak production period ten years later. After thirty years, they begin to age. At this time, they can be cut off from the base to allow the tea trees to grow again. After they age again, they must be dug up and replanted.

[0003] It is a pity to discard the aging tea trees after they are dug up, so some people use the old tea tree stumps to make tea tree bonsai. On the one hand, the waste can be reused; on the other hand, the old tea tree stumps have extremely high ornamental value after being transformed in appearance, meeting the needs of consumers who like the tea ceremony.

[0004] A Chinese patent entitled "A Cultivation Method for Multi-color Tea Tree Bonsai" (application number 201410285429.X) records a method of making bonsai using old tea tree stumps. Old tea trees over 15 years old are selected as rootstocks, branches and roots are pruned, and branches of tea trees with different bud and leaf colors and leaf shapes are grafted onto the stumps in layers and regions using the grafting methods of bark grafting and belly grafting, so that the tea trees can show different shapes for viewing.

[0005] A Chinese patent entitled "A Method for Cultivating Large Tea Tree Bonsai" (application number 201410502354.6) records a method for cultivating tea tree bonsai, including the steps of stump selection, stump trimming, transplanting, grafting, management, shaping and pruning, which improves the survival rate of bonsai and shortens the bonsai production cycle.

[0006] However, both of the above solutions directly remove the tiny roots of the tea tree's root system. Most of the roots need to be dug out together with the surrounding soil and directly transplanted into a large planting pot to make a large soil-cultivated tea tree bonsai. The size and weight are too large and difficult to move, so consumers are not willing to buy. In addition, the bonsai production cycle is long, so it is difficult to generate economic benefits.

[0007] In the prior art, the production of small and medium-sized tea bonsai that are easy to carry can only be carried out by tea seed planting and branch cutting cultivation. First, the cultivation cycle is long; second, the space for appearance modification is small, which cannot meet the needs of tea bonsai modeling diversity.

[0008] Therefore, the method of making bonsai using old tea tree stumps still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0009] The invention aims to provide a method for making tea tree bonsai, which utilizes old tea tree stumps to make hydroponic bonsai, so as to reduce the volume and weight of the bonsai.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for making a tea tree bonsai, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Trimming and shaping: Trim the branches of the excavated tea tree, cut the roots according to the size of the hydroponic planting basket to remove the root hairs, cut the bottom of the main root flat, and place the trimmed tea tree stump into the hydroponic planting basket;

[0012] (2) Dormancy: Place the shaped tea tree stump in an environment with a humidity of more than 90% and a temperature of 5-10°C for more than two months;

[0013] (3) awakening: controlling water, temperature and humidity of the tea tree stump until roots grow out of the tea tree stump; the conditions for controlling water, temperature and humidity are: controlling the liquid level in the hydroponic container to keep the distance between the bottom surface of the tea tree stump root and the liquid level less than 1 mm, slowly reducing the humidity to 60-70%, and slowly increasing the temperature to 15-18° C.;

[0014] (4) Growth: Continue to control temperature and humidity. Slowly increase the temperature to 20-25°C and slowly reduce the humidity to 30-40%. The roots continue to grow and buds begin to grow on the branches.

[0015] (5) Transplanting or selling: Wait until the young buds on the branches grow into branches and reach the target size before transplanting or selling.

[0016] The above scheme first removes the roots of most old tea trees to reduce the volume occupied by the roots and reduce the cultivation burden; then keeps the tea trees in a dormant state to preserve their vitality; after they adapt to the high humidity and low temperature environment, they gradually awaken the roots to gradually restore their water absorption capacity; and gradually strengthen the environmental adaptability of the tea trees during the growth of their new branches and leaves to increase the life of the bonsai. The above scheme is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry, and has a short cultivation cycle, which promotes the reuse of abandoned old tea trees. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below.

[0018] A method for making a tea tree bonsai comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) Trimming and shaping: Trim the branches of the excavated tea tree, cut the roots according to the size of the hydroponic planting basket to remove the root hairs, cut the bottom of the main root flat, and place the trimmed tea tree stump into the hydroponic planting basket.

[0020] According to the size of the tea tree, the planting basket here can be a planting basket used for medium-sized hydroponic plant cultivation, which is about 10-15cm in diameter and 5-8cm in height. When cutting the roots of the tea tree, only 2-3cm of the main root is left at the root of the tea tree, and the rest is directly cut off. After the trimmed tea tree stump is placed in the planting basket, the side and upper part of the root of the tea tree stump are filled with stones or other similar materials to make the tea tree stump and the planting basket relatively fixed, that is, to ensure that the tea tree stump can be stuck in the planting basket, and the planting basket will not fall when holding the branches of the tea tree stump. In this way, on the one hand, the tea tree stump can remain stable and will not shake around in the planting basket, causing damage to the growing tender roots; on the other hand, there are gaps in the middle of the stones, which will not affect the growth of roots in the subsequent cultivation process.

[0021] (2) Dormancy: Place the shaped tea tree stump in an environment with a humidity of more than 90% and a temperature of 5-10°C for more than two months.

[0022] More than two months is enough time for the tea tree stumps to adapt to the high humidity and low temperature environment. The high humidity can ensure that the tea tree will not die and dry up, and the low temperature environment can slow down the metabolism of the tea tree stumps to reduce the consumption of water and nutrients, so that it can maintain a "dormant" state and maintain vitality.

[0023] In order to prevent the loss of vitality of the tea tree stump, the branches of the tea tree stump after trimming and shaping are wrapped with soaked water-absorbing soft materials to keep the outside of the branches moist. During this period, the roots of the tea tree lose the ability to absorb and transport water upward. In order to better maintain the vitality of the tea tree stump, the branches of the tea tree stump can be wrapped with materials such as washing cotton to keep the branches moist.

[0024] (3) Awakening: Control the water, temperature and humidity of the tea tree stump until roots grow out of the tea tree stump; the conditions for controlling the water, temperature and humidity are: control the liquid level in the hydroponic container to keep the distance between the bottom surface of the tea tree stump root and the liquid surface less than 1 mm, slowly reduce the humidity to 60-70%, and slowly increase the temperature to 15-18°C.

[0025] After the tea tree stumps have adapted to the high humidity and low temperature environment and can ensure that their vitality is not lost, gradually change the temperature and humidity to wake up the dormant tea tree stumps. Control the liquid level in the hydroponic container to keep the distance between the bottom surface of the tea tree stump roots and the liquid surface less than 1mm, preferably 0.1-0.5mm, that is, reduce the gap as much as possible without contacting. This "close but not close" state between the two can guide the roots of the tea tree stumps to gradually grow delicate roots, and gradually restore the function of the roots to provide water and nutrition to the branches.

[0026] In fact, the roots that grow at this time are adventitious roots, that is, unstable roots. They are relatively tender, easily damaged, and have weak adaptability to the environment. To transform them into stable roots, it is necessary to exercise their ability to adapt to the environment so that they can grow stably and provide nutrients to branches and trunks stably in different temperature and humidity environments.

[0027] In order to promote root growth, auxiliary agents that promote root growth can be added to the hydroponic container (i.e., the hydroponic solution) during this process.

[0028] The hydroponic container is a container for placing a hydroponic planting basket, the inner cavity of which is used to contain hydroponic liquid, and the upper edge of the hydroponic planting basket is turned outward and placed on the edge of the hydroponic container.

[0029] Regarding the material of the hydroponic container, different materials of containers can be selected for cultivation according to consumer preferences. For example, light-proof materials such as ceramic pots can be selected, or light-transmitting materials such as glass containers can be selected. When choosing a glass container, after the tea tree stump has undergone the above series of root induction growth training, the roots grown have the characteristic of not fearing light. The hydroponic container made of transparent material can also see the state of the lower roots of the tea tree bonsai, so as to meet the consumer's demand for ornamental value.

[0030] (4) Growth: Continue to control temperature and humidity. The temperature slowly rises to 20-25°C and the humidity slowly drops to 30-40%. The roots continue to grow and new buds begin to grow on the branches.

[0031] Continue to increase the temperature and reduce the humidity to make the cultivation environment closer to the external ambient temperature and improve the environmental adaptability of the tea tree. After training from high humidity to low humidity and from low temperature to high temperature, the root system gradually stabilizes, the tea tree bonsai has a stronger ability to adapt to the environment, and the survival rate and lifespan are also improved.

[0032] In addition, it should be noted that the above-mentioned "slowly lower the humidity to 60-70%, slowly increase the temperature to 15-18°C", "slowly increase the temperature to 20-25°C, and slowly lower the humidity to 30-40%", "slowly" can be understood as adjusting the temperature and humidity in small steps. For example, adjust the cultivation environment every 5-7 days, each time raising the temperature by 1-2°C and reducing the humidity by 3-5%. As long as the changes in temperature and humidity do not have much impact on the growth of tea trees, or the tea trees can maintain normal growth in small changes in temperature and humidity, it will be fine.

[0033] (5) Transplanting or selling: Wait until the young buds on the branches grow into branches and reach the target size before transplanting or selling.

[0034] As the vitality of the tea tree stump is awakened, many tender buds will gradually grow on the branches. When the tender buds grow into branches, they become qualified bonsai. The branches can also be pruned to make different shapes. Since the tea tree bonsai is a hydroponic bonsai, the hydroponic container can be temporarily without hydroponic liquid during transportation. The bonsai is light in weight and easy to carry. Compared with the soil-grown bonsai, the difficulty of transportation is greatly reduced. In particular, the process of maintaining, awakening and inducing the vitality of the tea tree stump in the scheme of the present application can greatly shorten the cultivation period of the old tea tree bonsai. Compared with 2-3 years in the prior art, the cultivation period of the tea tree bonsai according to the scheme of the present invention only takes 6-8 months, and the survival rate is as high as more than 99%, which is suitable for batch production and has considerable economic benefits.

Claims

1. A method for making a tea tree bonsai, comprising the following steps: (1) Trimming and shaping: Trim the branches of the excavated tea tree, cut the roots according to the size of the hydroponic planting basket to remove the root hairs, cut the bottom of the main root flat, and place the trimmed tea tree stump into the hydroponic planting basket; (2) Dormancy: Place the shaped tea tree stump in an environment with a humidity of more than 90% and a temperature of 5-10°C for more than two months; (3) awakening: controlling water, temperature and humidity of the tea tree stump until roots grow out of the tea tree stump; the conditions for controlling water, temperature and humidity are: controlling the liquid level in the hydroponic container to keep the distance between the bottom surface of the tea tree stump root and the liquid level less than 1 mm, slowly reducing the humidity to 60-70%, and slowly increasing the temperature to 15-18° C.; (4) Growth: Continue to control temperature and humidity. Slowly increase the temperature to 20-25°C and slowly reduce the humidity to 30-40%. The roots continue to grow and buds begin to grow on the branches. (5) Transplanting or selling: Wait until the young buds on the branches grow into branches and reach the target size before transplanting or selling.

2. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the trimmed tea tree stump is placed in a hydroponic planting basket and the side and upper part of the root of the tea tree stump are filled with stones to ensure that the tea tree stump and the planting basket are relatively fixed.

3. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the tea tree stumps and branches that have been trimmed and shaped are wrapped with a soaked water-absorbing soft material.

4. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the height of the liquid level in the hydroponic container is controlled to maintain the distance between the bottom surface of the root of the tea tree stump and the liquid surface at 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

5. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the hydroponic container is a container for placing a hydroponic planting basket, the inner cavity of which is used to contain hydroponic liquid, and the upper edge of the hydroponic planting basket is turned outward and placed on the edge of the hydroponic container.

6. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), an auxiliary agent for promoting the growth of plant roots is added to the hydroponic container.

7. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the hydroponic container is made of a light-proof material.

8. The method for making a tea tree bonsai according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the hydroponic container is made of a light-transmitting material.