Layer stacking reactor and method for fast cultivation of granular sludge

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of sludge granulation, and relates to a layer stacking reactor and method for rapidly culturing granular sludge. The reactor comprises an outer frame body, a sealing top cover, a U-shaped sealing water outlet pipe and layered stacking plates. The outer frame body has a reaction zone at the lower part and a sludge-water separation zone at the upper part. A sewage inlet and a circulating water inlet are arranged at the bottom of the reaction zone, and an upper inclined plate is arranged between the reaction zone and the sludge-water separation zone to form a conical structure towards the bottom of the outer frame body. The layered stacking plates are frame bodies with a certain height, and the shape of the frame bodies matches the shape of the inner cavity of the reaction zone in the outer frame body. The frame bodies are hollow structures, and non-woven fabrics are arranged in the interiors of the frame bodies to isolate the upper and lower spaces. A plurality of layered stacking plates are stacked in the reaction zone to divide the reaction zone into multiple layers of space. The present application realizes rapid granulation of sludge by ingeniously designing the internal components of the layered stacking plates and utilizing an internal circulating water flow system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sludge granulation technology, and relates to a stacked reactor and method for rapidly cultivating granular sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional biological treatment technologies primarily utilize nitrification-denitrification flocculent activated sludge. While this method is mature, simple to operate, and offers good removal efficiency, it suffers from poor sludge-water separation, and the inability to simultaneously separate HRT and SRT, hindering the increase in treatment load. Furthermore, sludge recycling and recirculation result in large land areas, high energy consumption, and low space utilization for achieving the same treatment effect. In contrast, granular sludge is a promising new biological wastewater treatment technology with advantages such as high sludge concentration, dense structure, good settling performance, and strong resistance to shock loads. Sludge granulation effectively retains low-growth-rate microorganisms, such as anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria. Granular sludge can also contain multiple functional bacteria to achieve simultaneous removal of various pollutants, such as anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupled with partial denitrification granular sludge, or anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupled with nitrification and sulfur autotrophic denitrification granular sludge.

[0003] Currently, granular sludge cultivation reactors widely employ Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) and Upflow Granular Sludge Bed Reactors (UASBs). SBR reactors primarily operate in an intermittent mode, involving multiple sequential processes including influent, reaction, sedimentation, drainage, and idle periods, resulting in complex control, long granulation times, and low efficiency ratios. UASB reactors utilize upward-flowing influent, generating shear force that promotes sludge granulation. However, in practical applications, it has been found that early-inoculated flocculent sludge tends to float to the top of the three-phase separator, leading to granulation failure. Secondly, the upward flow easily forms short-circuit flows, causing localized dead zones within the reactor. Typically, to improve mass transfer, UASB reactors require a large aspect ratio to enhance sludge fluidization, which is difficult to scale up in practical applications. Furthermore, the generation of gas pulses causes the granular layer to be washed to the top, clogging the reactor. Some researchers have attempted to accelerate sludge granulation by adding signaling molecules to enhance quorum sensing, but this incurs high operating costs in practical applications.

[0004] It is evident that current granular sludge cultivation processes generally face technical challenges in terms of reactor type and start-up. Therefore, there is a need to research a reactor type with a simple structure, capable of rapidly starting up granular sludge containing a single functional bacterium or a mixed granular sludge containing multiple functional bacteria, and possessing engineering application potential. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a stacked reactor and method for rapidly cultivating granular sludge, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge includes an outer frame body, a sealed top cover, a U-shaped sealed outlet pipe, and a stacked plate. The outer frame body has a reaction zone at the bottom and a sludge-water separation zone at the top. The bottom of the reaction zone is provided with a wastewater inlet and a circulating water inlet. An upper inclined plate is provided between the reaction zone and the sludge-water separation zone to form a conical structure facing the bottom of the outer frame body.

[0008] The sealing top cover is arranged at the top of the outer frame body, and a surrounding plate is provided on the lower side of the sealing top cover. The surrounding plate divides the mud-water separation zone into an outer water outlet zone and an inner settling zone.

[0009] A water outlet weir is provided on the inner side of the outer frame body located in the peripheral water outlet area. The U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe is located at the bottom of the water outlet weir. The U-shaped structure of the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe faces downward so that water is sealed in the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe, thereby isolating the interior of the outer frame body from the external air.

[0010] The layered stacking plate is a frame with a certain height, the shape of which matches the inner cavity shape of the reaction zone in the outer frame body, and the frame is a hollow structure. Non-woven fabric is arranged inside the frame to isolate the upper and lower spaces, and multiple layered stacking plates are stacked in the reaction zone to divide the reaction zone into multiple spaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the outer frame body is a downward-facing sloping conical structure, and the bottom and top of the reaction zone are respectively provided with a lower water distribution plate and an upper water distribution plate, with evenly spaced holes on the lower and upper water distribution plates to distribute water evenly.

[0012] Furthermore, a water bath insulation layer is provided on the outer side of the outer frame body located in the reaction zone. The bottom of the water bath insulation layer is provided with a water bath inlet, and the top is provided with a water bath outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealed top cover is provided with a circulating water outlet, an air collection port, and a sampling observation port, and the lower end of the circulating water outlet is lower than the height of the water outlet weir.

[0014] Furthermore, the height of the outlet of the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe is lower than the height of the water outlet weir.

[0015] Furthermore, the layered stacked plate is also provided with a triangular internal component with a V-shaped wave structure. The bottom of the triangular internal component is flush with the bottom of the layered stacked plate, and the height of the triangular internal component is not greater than the height of the layered stacked plate. The surface of the triangular internal component is provided with uniformly distributed through holes with a diameter of 5-10mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the layered stacked plate is 5-15cm, the included angle of the V-shaped structure in the triangular internal component is 45-60°, and the non-woven fabric in the layered stacked plate is fixedly covered on one side of the triangular internal component, and the mesh number of the non-woven fabric is 50-100 mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, the layered stacking plate is also provided with a rectangular internal component arranged at the bottom of the frame. The rectangular internal component is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed main through holes with a diameter of 30 to 100 mm, and a plurality of secondary through holes with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm are provided around each main through hole. The non-woven fabric in the layered stacking plate is fixedly covered on one side of the rectangular internal component, and the non-woven fabric has a mesh count of 50 to 100 mesh.

[0018] Furthermore, the height of the layered stacked plate is 5-15cm, and a hemisphere is intermittently fixedly connected to the side of the main through hole facing upward. The diameter of the hemisphere is the same as the diameter of the main through hole, and the main through hole with the fixed hemisphere is not covered by the non-woven fabric. An air outlet hole is provided at the top of the hemisphere, and the diameter of the air outlet hole is 5-10mm.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for rapidly cultivating granular sludge, using the aforementioned stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge, the method specifically including the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Evenly spread the inoculation sludge on each layer of the stacked plate, and control the proportion of the inoculation sludge in each layer to be 40% to 60%.

[0021] Based on the target wastewater type of the functional bacteria granular sludge to be cultured, the corresponding configuration should be prepared:

[0022] If it is necessary to cultivate ammonia oxidation granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be prepared with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 50-80 mg / L and nitrite nitrogen concentration of 60-100 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen should be controlled below 0.1 mg / L;

[0023] If it is necessary to cultivate anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification mixed granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be ammonia nitrogen with a concentration of 50-80 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen with a concentration of 60-100 mg / L, and organic matter, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen should be 2.0-2.5.

[0024] If it is necessary to cultivate denitrifying granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be nitrate nitrogen and organic matter with a concentration of 50-100 mg / L, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen should be 2.5-4.0.

[0025] If it is necessary to cultivate sulfur autotrophic denitrifying granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be 50-100 mg / L of nitrate nitrogen and 120-240 mg / L of sulfur ions.

[0026] Step 2: Sewage is continuously pumped in from the sewage inlet and circulated through the circulating water inlet and outlet to form an internal circulating water flow. The generated gas is collected through the gas collection port on the sealed top cover. Sewage and sludge are separated in the mud-water separation zone. Sewage is continuously discharged through the outlet weir and the outlet of the U-shaped sealed outlet pipe in the outlet zone.

[0027] The hydraulic retention time of the wastewater is controlled at 0.35d to 0.25d, and the internal circulating water flow rate is controlled at 100-180ml / min.

[0028] A water bath insulation layer is provided on the outside of the outer frame body located in the reaction zone, so as to maintain the temperature of the outer layer of the outer frame body at 25-30℃.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] This invention provides a stacked reactor and method for rapidly cultivating granular sludge. The core of this invention lies in the design of a novel, simple, and efficient reactor, aiming to overcome many difficulties in traditional granular sludge cultivation technologies. The reactor includes key components such as an outer frame, stacked layers, a sealed top cover, and a U-shaped sealed outlet pipe. Through the ingenious design of the internal components of the stacked layers and the utilization of an internal circulating water system, rapid sludge granulation is achieved.

[0031] First, the unique structure within the layered stacked plates fully utilizes the shear force generated by the rising water flow, significantly improving the efficiency of sludge granulation. The layered stacked plates are detachable for easy maintenance, and the through-holes in the internal components allow for timely gas release, resolving the issue of particle floating caused by gas pulses. Second, the water bath insulation layer heats and insulates the outer frame of the reaction zone, ensuring temperature stability within the reaction zone and providing suitable environmental conditions for sludge granulation. Furthermore, this invention proposes a simple start-up method that eliminates the need for inoculating functional microorganisms. It only requires inoculating flocculent activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, selecting the appropriate substrate and water distribution based on the desired functional bacteria granular sludge to form wastewater, and setting the wastewater HRT and internal circulating water flow rate to rapidly cultivate granular sludge.

[0032] This reactor features a simple structure, convenient operation, and low operating costs, solving problems such as long granular sludge cultivation time, difficulty in engineering scale-up, and unsuitability for gas release in traditional reactors. Through the stacked reactor and rapid cultivation method of this invention, high-quality granular sludge can be cultivated efficiently and quickly, not only improving wastewater treatment efficiency but also reducing treatment costs, demonstrating broad engineering application potential and market prospects.

[0033] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular internal component structure within the layered stacked plate in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the internal components of the triangle in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a layered stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge in Example 2;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular internal components within the layered stacked plate in Example 2 (the left and right diagrams show the rectangular internal components of two adjacent layers, respectively);

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the internal components of the rectangle in Example 2;

[0041] Figure 7 The flocculent sludge inoculated in Example 3;

[0042] Figure 8 This refers to the mixed granular sludge cultivated in Example 3.

[0043] Attached reference numerals: 1-Outer frame body, 1-1-Sewage inlet, 1-2-Circulating water inlet, 1-3-Lower inclined plate, 1-4-Lower water distribution plate, 1-5-Upper water distribution plate, 1-6-Upper inclined plate, 1-7-Outlet weir, 2-Water bath insulation layer, 2-1-Water bath outlet, 2-2-Water bath inlet, 3-Sealing cover, 3-1-Enclosure, 3-2-Circulating water outlet, 3-3-Air collection port, 3-4-Sampling and observation port, 4-U-shaped sealed outlet pipe, 5-Frame body, 7-Mud-water separation zone, 6-1-Triangular internal component, 6-2-Rectangular internal component, 5-21-Round hole, 5-22-Ventilation hole, 5-23-Semisphere, 5-24-Air outlet round hole, 5-25-Non-woven fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0045] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0046] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Please see Figures 1-3A stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge includes an outer frame body 1, a water bath insulation layer 2, a sealed top cover 3, a U-shaped sealed outlet pipe 4, and a stacked plate containing internal components 5.

[0049] The outer frame body 1 has a reaction zone at the bottom and a mud-water separation zone 7 at the top. The bottom of the reaction zone is provided with a sewage inlet 1-1 and a circulating water inlet 1-2. The lower part is provided with a lower inclined plate 1-3 to form a sloping cone structure facing the bottom. The upper part is provided with an upper inclined plate 1-6 to form an upper cone structure facing the bottom. The inner side of the top is provided with an outlet weir 1-7.

[0050] The water bath insulation layer 2 is provided with a water bath inlet 2-2 at the bottom and a water bath outlet 2-1 at the top to form a water bath circuit;

[0051] The lower part of the sealed top cover 3 is fixed with a surrounding plate 3-1, and the mud-water separation zone 7 is divided into an outer water outlet zone and an inner sedimentation zone by the surrounding plate 3-1. The top is provided with a circulating water outlet 3-2, an air collection port 3-3 and a sampling observation port 3-4.

[0052] Specifically, the sealing top cover 3 is sealed to the top of the outer frame body 1 through a flange structure, and the lower end of the enclosure plate 3-1 is arranged above the upper inclined plate 1-6 to form a mud, water and gas separation function together with the upper inclined plate 1-6.

[0053] The circulating water inlet 1-2 and the circulating water outlet 3-2 are connected by a circulating water pipeline to form a circulating water loop, and a peristaltic pump is installed on the circulating water pipeline to control the internal circulating water flow rate.

[0054] Furthermore, a lower water distribution plate 1-4 and an upper water distribution plate 1-5 are respectively arranged between the lower inclined plate 1-3 and the upper inclined plate 1-6 (i.e., the bottom and top of the reaction zone). Both the lower water distribution plate 1-4 and the upper water distribution plate 1-5 have uniform openings with a diameter of 5-8 mm to distribute water evenly.

[0055] Furthermore, the lower water distribution plate 1-4 is in contact with the lower inclined plate 1-3, and the upper water distribution plate 1-5 is arranged below or in contact with the upper inclined plate 1-6.

[0056] The U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe 4 is connected to the water outlet weir 1-7 and is connected to the outer frame body 1 with a flexible opening; the installation center of the sampling observation port 3-4 is located at the center between the enclosure plate 3-1 and the water outlet weir 1-7.

[0057] Furthermore, the water outlet height of the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe 4 is not higher than the height of the water outlet weir 1-7, the lower part of the circulating water inlet 3-2 is submerged below the liquid surface in the outer frame body 1, and the lower end of the circulating water outlet is lower than the height of the water outlet weir.

[0058] In this embodiment, the layered stacking plate is a frame 5 with a certain height, the shape of which matches the inner cavity shape of the reaction zone in the outer frame body 1, and the frame 5 is a hollow structure. The inside of the frame 5 is provided with non-woven fabric to isolate the upper and lower spaces, and multiple layered stacking plates are stacked in the reaction zone to divide the reaction zone into multiple spaces.

[0059] Furthermore, the frame 5 also includes a triangular internal component 5-1 with a V-shaped wave structure. The triangular internal component 5-1 uses a plate-like support structure. The bottom of the triangular internal component is flush with the bottom of the frame 5, and the height of the triangular internal component is not greater than the height of the frame 5. The surface of the triangular internal component has evenly distributed through holes with a diameter of 5-10 mm.

[0060] The overall height of the layered stacked plate is 5cm, the included angle of the V-shaped structure in the triangular internal component 5-1 is 45-60°, and the non-woven fabric in the layered stacked plate is fixedly covered on one side, and the mesh number of the non-woven fabric is 50-100 mesh.

[0061] The layered stacking plates are installed between the lower water distribution plate 1-4 and the upper water distribution plate 1-5 in an alternating stacking manner. The installation gap between the frame 5 and the outer frame body 1 is less than 1mm, and the total stacking height of the layered stacking plates does not exceed the bottom of the upper inclined plate 1-6.

[0062] Specifically, the stacking method of the layered stacking plates is to place the triangular internal components 5-1 in a staggered manner to achieve the staggered stacking of the layered stacking plates.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Please see Figures 4-6 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the internal component in the layered stacked plate is a rectangular internal component 5-2. The rectangular internal component 5-2 is arranged at the bottom of the frame. A number of round holes 5-21 are evenly arranged on the plate surface as main through holes with a diameter of 3cm. Ventilation holes 5-22 are intermittently opened around the main through holes as secondary through holes with a diameter of 10mm.

[0065] The lower side of the rectangular internal component 5-2 is entirely covered by non-woven fabric 5-25 with a mesh count of 80-100. A hemisphere 5-23 is intermittently fixed to the circular hole. The diameter of the hemisphere is 3cm. An air outlet circular hole 5-24 is provided at the top of the hemisphere. The diameter of the air outlet circular hole 5-24 is 5-8mm.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, specifically in this embodiment, the stacking method of the layered stacking plates is the mutual stacking of the internal rectangular components 5, so as to achieve the staggered hemispherical coverage positions of each main through hole on adjacent layered stacking plates.

[0067] Furthermore, the main through hole of the hemispherical 5-23, which is fixedly connected to the rectangular internal component 5-2, is not covered by the non-woven fabric 5-25.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Such as 7 and Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for rapidly cultivating granular sludge, using a stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] Inoculation sludge (sludge to be cultured) is laid on each layer of stacked plates. The inoculation sludge is evenly spread on the internal components of each layer, with a coverage ratio of 50% to 60%. The coverage ratio refers to the ratio in the vertical direction, that is, the thickness of the inoculation sludge is 50% to 60% of the distance between two adjacent internal components.

[0071] Specifically, the inoculated sludge can be activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant or flocculent sludge containing corresponding functional bacteria.

[0072] Wastewater is continuously pumped into the inner cavity of the outer frame body 1 of the reactor by a peristaltic pump from the wastewater inlet 1-1, and forms an internal circulating water through the circulating water inlet 1-2 and the circulating water outlet 3-2. The overflow water flows out through the outlet weir 7 and the U-shaped sealed outlet pipe 4.

[0073] The outer frame body 1 is heated by water bath through water bath insulation layer 2, and the internal cavity temperature of the outer frame body 1 is maintained at 33±1℃. The sewage HRT (hydraulic retention time) is controlled at 0.35d~0.25d, and the internal circulating water flow rate is controlled at 160-180ml / min.

[0074] Specifically, the water bath inlet 2-2 and water bath outlet 2-1 are connected to an external hot water supply device to heat the water bath insulation layer 2.

[0075] Based on the granular sludge containing the required functional bacteria, the target wastewater substrate is prepared. For example, if it is necessary to cultivate ammonia oxidase granular sludge, the wastewater composition is prepared with ammonia nitrogen at a concentration of 50 mg / L and nitrite nitrogen at a concentration of 60 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be below 0.1 mg / L.

[0076] If it is necessary to cultivate anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification mixed granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be ammonia nitrogen at a concentration of 50 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen at a concentration of 60 mg / L, and organic matter, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen should be 2.2.

[0077] If it is necessary to cultivate denitrifying granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be nitrate nitrogen and organic matter at a concentration of 50 mg / L, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen should be 2.2.

[0078] If it is necessary to cultivate sulfur autotrophic denitrifying granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be 50 mg / L of nitrate nitrogen and 120 mg / L of sulfur ions.

[0079] With the cooperation of a high internal circulation velocity and [unclear], a suitable upward flow velocity and shear force are formed on each layer of stacked plates, which accelerates sludge aggregation and the formation of granular sludge. At the same time, the separation of water, air and sludge is completed in the sludge-water separation zone formed by the surrounding plate 3-1 and the upper inclined plate 1-6 at the top, realizing the goal of sludge-water separation and sludge granulation in continuous flow operation mode.

[0080] Specifically, taking the rapid cultivation of granular sludge coupled with anaerobic ammonia oxidation and partial denitrification as an example:

[0081] Activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant with a sludge concentration of 3500 mg / L is inoculated. The internal components of the layered stacking plate adopt triangular internal components 5-1, and the activated sludge is evenly spread on each layer. Ammonia nitrogen with a concentration of 50 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen with a concentration of 60 mg / L, and organic matter are added, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 2.2. The organic matter is provided by sodium acetate.

[0082] Wastewater and internal circulating water are continuously pumped into the reactor (outer frame body) by peristaltic pumps from wastewater inlet 1-1 and circulating water inlet 1-2 respectively, and the internal circulating water flows back to circulating water inlet 1-2 from circulating water outlet 3-2;

[0083] The water bath insulation layer 2 provides water bath heating, maintaining the internal cavity temperature of the outer frame body 1 at 33±1℃, controlling the sewage hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 8.4h, and controlling the internal circulating water flow rate at 160-180ml / min.

[0084] With the high internal circulating water velocity and the cooperation of the triangular internal components, each layer of triangular internal components 5-1 will form a suitable upward flow velocity and shear force, which will accelerate sludge aggregation and the formation of granular sludge. At the same time, the separation of water, air and sludge is completed in the sludge-water separation zone formed by the surrounding plate 3-1 and the upper inclined plate 1-6 at the top, realizing the goal of sludge-water separation and sludge granulation in continuous flow operation mode.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge, characterized in that: It includes an outer frame body, a sealed top cover, a U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe, and a layered stacked plate. The outer frame body has a reaction zone at the bottom and a mud-water separation zone at the top. The bottom of the reaction zone is provided with a sewage inlet and a circulating water inlet. An upper inclined plate is provided between the reaction zone and the mud-water separation zone to form a conical structure facing the bottom of the outer frame body. The sealing top cover is arranged at the top of the outer frame body, and a surrounding plate is provided on the lower side of the sealing top cover. The surrounding plate divides the mud-water separation zone into an outer water outlet zone and an inner settling zone. A water outlet weir is provided on the inner side of the outer frame body located in the peripheral water outlet area. The U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe is located at the bottom of the water outlet weir. The U-shaped structure of the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe faces downward so that water is sealed in the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe, thereby isolating the interior of the outer frame body from the external air. The layered stacking plate is a frame with a certain height, the shape of which matches the inner cavity shape of the reaction zone in the outer frame body, and the frame is a hollow structure. Non-woven fabric is arranged inside the frame to isolate the upper and lower spaces, and multiple layered stacking plates are stacked in the reaction zone to divide the reaction zone into multiple spaces. The layered stacked plate also includes a triangular internal component with a V-shaped wave structure. The bottom of the triangular internal component is flush with the bottom of the layered stacked plate, and the height of the triangular internal component is not greater than the height of the layered stacked plate. The surface of the triangular internal component has uniformly distributed through holes with a diameter of 5-10 mm. The height of the layered stacked plate is 5-15 cm. The included angle of the V-shaped structure in the triangular internal component is 45-60°. The non-woven fabric in the layered stacked plate is fixedly covered on one side of the triangular internal component. The mesh count of the non-woven fabric is 50-100 mesh.

2. The stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer frame body is a downward-facing sloping cone structure, and the bottom and top of the reaction zone are respectively provided with a lower water distribution plate and an upper water distribution plate, with evenly spaced holes on the lower and upper water distribution plates to distribute water evenly.

3. The stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water bath insulation layer is provided on the outer side of the main frame of the reaction zone. The bottom of the water bath insulation layer is provided with a water bath inlet and the top is provided with a water bath outlet.

4. The stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed top cover is provided with a circulating water outlet, an air collection port and a sampling observation port, and the lower end of the circulating water outlet is lower than the height of the water outlet weir.

5. The stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the outlet of the U-shaped sealed water outlet pipe is lower than the height of the water outlet weir.

6. The stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered stacking plate also has a rectangular internal component arranged at the bottom of the frame. The rectangular internal component has several evenly distributed main through holes with a diameter of 30-100 mm. Several secondary through holes with a diameter of 5-10 mm are arranged around each main through hole. The non-woven fabric in the layered stacking plate is fixedly covered on one side of the rectangular internal component. The non-woven fabric has a mesh count of 50-100 mesh.

7. The stacked reactor for rapidly cultivating granular sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the layered stacked plate is 5~15cm. A hemisphere is intermittently fixedly connected to the side of the main through hole facing upwards. The diameter of the hemisphere is the same as the diameter of the main through hole. The main through hole where the hemisphere is fixedly connected is not covered by the non-woven fabric. An air outlet hole with a diameter of 5~10mm is provided at the top of the hemisphere.

8. A method for rapidly cultivating granular sludge, characterized in that, The method using a stacked reactor for rapid cultivation of granular sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 7 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Evenly spread the inoculation sludge on each layer of the stacked plate, and control the proportion of the inoculation sludge in each layer to be 40%~60%; Based on the target wastewater type of the functional bacteria granular sludge to be cultured, the corresponding configuration should be prepared: If it is necessary to cultivate anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be prepared with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 50-80 mg / L and nitrite nitrogen concentration of 60-100 mg / L, and the dissolved oxygen should be controlled below 0.1 mg / L. If it is necessary to cultivate anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification mixed granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be ammonia nitrogen with a concentration of 50-80 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen with a concentration of 60-100 mg / L, and organic matter, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen should be 2.0-2.

5. If it is necessary to cultivate denitrifying granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be nitrate nitrogen and organic matter with a concentration of 50-100 mg / L, and the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand of the organic matter to the concentration of nitrate nitrogen should be 2.5-4.

0. If it is necessary to cultivate sulfur autotrophic denitrifying granular sludge, the wastewater composition should be 50-100 mg / L of nitrate nitrogen and 120-240 mg / L of sulfur ions. Step 2: Sewage is continuously pumped in from the sewage inlet and circulated through the circulating water inlet and outlet to form an internal circulating water flow. The generated gas is collected through the gas collection port on the sealed top cover. Sewage and sludge are separated in the mud-water separation zone. Sewage is continuously discharged through the outlet weir and the outlet of the U-shaped sealed outlet pipe in the outlet zone. The hydraulic retention time of the wastewater was controlled at 0.35 d to 0.25 d, and the internal circulating water flow rate was controlled at 100-180 ml / min. A water bath insulation layer is provided on the outside of the outer frame body located in the reaction zone, so as to maintain the temperature of the outer layer of the outer frame body at 25-30℃.

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