Method and system for calculating refueling amount of pressure lubrication speed reducer

Abstract

The invention provides a method and system for calculating the refueling amount of a pressure lubrication speed reducer. The method comprises the steps that design parameters of the speed reducer are obtained, and a speed reducer three-dimensional model is constructed; based on the design parameters of the speed reducer, the operation lubricating oil amount is obtained; measuring and calculating the flow channel lubricating oil quantity, the retention lubricating oil quantity and the air stagnation lubricating oil quantity in combination with the three-dimensional model; performing flight attitude simulation by utilizing the three-dimensional model of the speed reducer to obtain the oil quantity at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool; based on the lubricating oil pool bottom oil quantity, the flow channel lubricating oil quantity, the hang lubricating oil quantity, the operation lubricating oil quantity and the retention lubricating oil quantity, the speed reducer oil adding quantity is obtained. According to the design method provided by the invention, at the beginning of the design of the speed reducer, the lubricating oil amount of the speed reducer is divided into five types of lubricating oil amounts according to purposes and parts, and the required lubricating oil amount is designed according to the three-dimensional model of the speed reducer by combining various flight attitude tests, so that the design amount of the lubricating oil amount is directly associated with the design parameters of the internal structure of the accelerator; and the accuracy of the reducer refueling quantity design value at the beginning of reducer design is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure lubrication reducers, and in particular relates to a method and system for calculating the oiling amount of a pressure lubrication reducer. Background Art

[0002] Pressure lubrication reducers generally use a wet lubricating oil pool, that is, the reducer oil tank and the lubricating oil pool are integrated into one. The lubricating oil pool is arranged at the bottom of the reducer casing, and one of its functions is to serve as the lubricating oil tank of the reducer.

[0003] At present, in the process of designing the refueling amount of a pressure-lubricated reducer, it is generally practiced to take about 30% of the lubricating oil of the reducer and add it first according to experience. Due to differences in the internal structural design of the reducer, such as differences in oil grooves, ribs, grooves, casing oil circuits, external pipelines, etc., differences in gear and bearing structures and layout positions, etc., the structural design and capacity of the reducer lubricating oil pool vary greatly. At the same time, considering issues such as the position and layout of the lubricating oil pump suction port, when the pressure-lubricated reducer flies with the aircraft at a larger attitude, the lubricating oil pump suction port may be exposed or still immersed in a deeper state. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct multiple tests after the reducer is manufactured to further confirm the refueling amount. However, this method directly affects the accuracy of the refueling amount design and leads to a long development cycle. It is also impossible to accurately and effectively determine the refueling amount at the beginning of the reducer design. It can only be further confirmed through oil level tests, oil injection operation tests, etc., resulting in repeated design operations and waste of resources.

[0004] The weight index of the reducer will directly affect the loading capacity of the aircraft, and this capacity is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of the aircraft. In view of this, overcoming the defects of the above-mentioned prior art is a problem that needs to be urgently solved in this technical field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for calculating the oil filling amount of a pressure lubrication reducer, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the design parameters of the reducer and construct a three-dimensional model of the reducer;

[0007] Obtain the operating lubricating oil quantity based on the design parameters of the reducer;

[0008] Combined with the three-dimensional model, the flow channel oil volume, the retained oil volume and the airborne oil volume are calculated;

[0009] Use the three-dimensional model of the reducer to simulate the flight attitude and obtain the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool;

[0010] Obtain the refueling amount of the reducer based on the amount of oil in the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel, the amount of lubricating oil in the air, the amount of operating lubricating oil, and the amount of retained lubricating oil;

[0011] Among them, the reducer refueling amount includes the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount.

[0012] Furthermore, the initial refueling amount is the sum of the oil amount at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the lubricating oil amount in the flow channel, the lubricating oil amount in the air, the operating lubricating oil amount, and the retained lubricating oil amount.

[0013] Furthermore, the operating oil supply amount is the sum of the oil pool bottom oil amount, the flow channel lubricating oil amount, the airborne lubricating oil amount, and the operating lubricating oil amount.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool include:

[0015] The flight attitude simulation is performed using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to obtain the minimum lubricating oil volume required to cover the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pool and be higher than the predetermined height of the oil suction port;

[0016] The minimum lubricating oil volume with the largest value is selected as the bottom oil volume of the lubricating oil pool.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific steps of calculating the flow channel lubricating oil quantity in combination with the three-dimensional model include:

[0018] Obtain the inner cavity volume of the reducer flow channel based on the reducer three-dimensional model;

[0019] The inner volume of the reducer flow channel includes: the inner volume of the casing oil circuit, the inner volume of the external pipe, the inner volume of the lubricating accessories, and the inner volume of the nozzle flow channel;

[0020] If there is no one-way valve installed in the reducer flow channel cavity, calculate the total volume of the flow channel cavity as the flow channel lubricating oil volume;

[0021] If a one-way valve is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, obtain the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve and the inner cavity of the one-way valve;

[0022] The difference between the total volume of the inner cavity of the flow channel and the volume of the pipeline after the one-way valve and the inner cavity of the one-way valve is calculated as the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the operating lubricating oil quantity based on the design parameters of the reducer include:

[0024] Based on the design parameters of the reducer, the maximum lubricating oil leakage and evaporation required for the maximum operating endurance of the reducer are obtained, and the sum of the maximum lubricating oil leakage and evaporation is taken as the operating lubricating oil quantity.

[0025] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the amount of lubricating oil in the air by combining the three-dimensional model include:

[0026] The lubricating oil pressure of the reducer is obtained based on the design parameters of the reducer, and the dwell time of the lubricating oil from the nozzle to the lubricating oil surface of the lubricating oil pool is obtained based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer;

[0027] The product of the airborne time and the oil flow rate is calculated as the airborne oil quantity.

[0028] Furthermore, the specific steps of calculating the amount of retained lubricating oil in combination with the three-dimensional model include:

[0029] Based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, the gravity flow simulation of the lubricating oil is carried out to obtain the amount of lubricating oil blocked in the oil tank and the oil collecting structure;

[0030] Based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, the area of ​​the lubricating oil adhering to the inner wall of the casing, the bearings, and the gears is obtained, and then the amount of the adhering oil is obtained;

[0031] If there is no one-way valve installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, the sum of the blocked oil volume and the adhered oil volume is calculated as the retained lubricating oil volume;

[0032] If a one-way valve is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, obtain the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve and the inner cavity of the one-way valve;

[0033] The sum of the blocked oil volume, adhered oil volume, the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve and the volume of the inner cavity of the one-way valve is calculated as the retained lubricating oil volume.

[0034] A pressure lubrication reducer oil quantity calculation system, comprising:

[0035] A model building unit, used for acquiring design parameters of the reducer and building a three-dimensional model of the reducer;

[0036] A first calculation unit is used to obtain the operating lubricating oil amount based on the design parameters of the reducer;

[0037] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the flow channel lubricating oil amount, the retained lubricating oil amount and the air-retained lubricating oil amount in combination with the three-dimensional model;

[0038] The third measuring unit is used to simulate the flight attitude using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to obtain the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool;

[0039] A data sorting unit is used to obtain the refueling amount of the reducer based on the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel, the amount of lubricating oil in the air, the amount of operating lubricating oil, and the amount of retained lubricating oil;

[0040] Among them, the reducer refueling amount includes the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount.

[0041] Furthermore, the initial refueling amount is the sum of the amount of oil in the bottom of the oil pool, the amount of oil in the flow channel, the amount of oil in the air, the amount of oil in the working position, and the amount of oil in the retained position;

[0042] The operating refueling volume is the sum of the oil pool bottom oil volume, flow channel lubricating oil volume, airborne lubricating oil volume and operating lubricating oil volume.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0044] The design method proposed in the present invention divides the lubricating oil amount of the reducer into five types of lubricating oil amounts according to the purpose and location at the beginning of the design of the reducer, namely, the bottom oil amount of the lubricating oil pool, the flow channel lubricating oil amount, the air lubricating oil amount, the operating lubricating oil amount, and the retained lubricating oil amount, and then defines the initial refueling amount and the operating refueling amount, and determines the minimum values ​​of the initial refueling amount and the operating refueling amount; directly avoids the design method of obtaining the lubricating oil amount of the reducer by combining design experience and bench tests, fully considers the differences in the internal structural design of reducers of different specifications, divides the lubricating oil in the reducer according to the use of the lubricating oil, and designs the required lubricating oil amount according to the three-dimensional model of the reducer under tests combined with various flight attitudes, so that the design amount of the lubricating oil amount is directly related to the design parameters of the internal structure of the accelerator, greatly improves the accuracy of the design value of the reducer refueling amount at the beginning of the reducer design, is beneficial to improve the precise control of the reducer weight index, and facilitates the subsequent effective structural design of the reducer lubricating oil pool.

[0045] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for calculating the oil filling amount of a pressure lubrication reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a reducer in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0049] Figure 3 A block diagram of a pressure lubrication reducer refueling quantity calculation system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] In the figure, there are one-way valve 1, nozzle 2, oil tank 3, and lubricating oil pump 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that the weight index of the reducer affects the loading capacity of the aircraft, which is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of the aircraft. Currently, the weight index of the reducer has also changed from dry mass to wet mass. The dry mass refers to the weight of the reducer itself, excluding the weight of the lubricating oil; the wet mass refers to the weight of the reducer, including the weight of the lubricating oil.

[0053] Correspondingly, the amount of lubricating oil in the reducer is not the more the better, nor the less the better. It is necessary to balance the two indicators of reducer working performance and wet mass control. The more lubricating oil the reducer has, the heavier the wet mass of the reducer is. First, it is not conducive to the control of the reducer weight index, and second, it affects the ability of the aircraft to carry cargo or personnel; at the same time, when the amount of lubricating oil in the reducer is too much, the lubricating oil may flood the gears and bearings, causing a large oil stirring loss in the reducer, reducing the power transmission efficiency of the reducer, generating a lot of heat in the gear bearings, increasing the lubricating oil temperature, and increasing the casing surface temperature, which has an adverse effect on flight safety.

[0054] The less lubricating oil the reducer carries, the lighter the wet mass of the reducer. However, when the aircraft is performing large-attitude flight, if the amount of lubricating oil is too little, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is easily exposed, affecting the oil supply capacity of the lubricating oil pump 4, which may cause the reducer pressure to fluctuate or suddenly drop, affecting flight safety.

[0055] The present invention provides a method and system for calculating the oil filling amount of a pressure lubrication reducer, aiming to obtain a minimum value of the lubricating oil amount required by the reducer on the basis of meeting the use requirements.

[0056] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for calculating the amount of oil to be added to a pressure lubrication reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the method for calculating the oil quantity of the pressure lubrication reducer includes the following steps:

[0057] S101, obtaining design parameters of the reducer and constructing a three-dimensional model of the reducer;

[0058] S102, obtaining the operating lubricating oil quantity based on the design parameters of the reducer;

[0059] S103, calculating the flow channel lubricating oil amount, the retained lubricating oil amount and the air-retained lubricating oil amount by combining the three-dimensional model;

[0060] S104, using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to simulate the flight attitude and obtain the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool;

[0061] S105. Obtain the refueling amount of the reducer based on the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel, the amount of lubricating oil in the air, the amount of operating lubricating oil, and the amount of retained lubricating oil.

[0062] Among them, the refueling amount of the reducer includes the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount. It should be noted that the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount are the minimum values ​​to meet the normal operation of the reducer.

[0063] The design method proposed in the present invention divides the lubricating oil amount of the reducer into five types of lubricating oil amounts according to the purpose and location at the beginning of the design of the reducer, namely, the lubricating oil amount at the bottom of the oil pool Q1, the lubricating oil amount in the flow channel Q2, the lubricating oil amount in the air Q3, the operating lubricating oil amount Q4, and the retained lubricating oil amount Q5, and then defines the initial refueling amount Q6, which is the sum of the lubricating oil amount at the bottom of the oil pool, the lubricating oil amount at the flow channel, the lubricating oil amount in the air, the operating lubricating oil amount, and the retained lubricating oil amount, that is, Q6=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5, which is used for the calculation and evaluation of the wet weight of the reducer; and the operating refueling amount Q7, which is the sum of the lubricating oil amount at the bottom of the oil pool, the lubricating oil amount at the flow channel, the lubricating oil amount in the air, and the operating lubricating oil amount, that is, Q7=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4, which belongs to the refueling amount in the usual sense; when the lubricating oil amount Q1 at the bottom of the oil pool takes the maximum value of the minimum lubricating oil volume under each flight attitude, the initial refueling amount Q6 and the operating refueling amount Q7 can be obtained.

[0064] The design method of obtaining the reducer oil quantity through a combination of design experience and bench tests is directly avoided, and the differences in the internal structural designs of reducers of different specifications are fully considered. The lubricating oil in the reducer is divided according to the use of the lubricating oil, and the required lubricating oil quantity is designed based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer under tests combined with various flight attitudes. This makes the design parameters of the lubricating oil quantity directly related to the internal structural parameters of the accelerator, greatly improving the accuracy of the design value of the reducer refueling quantity at the beginning of the reducer design, which is beneficial to improving the precise control of the reducer weight index and facilitating the subsequent effective structural design of the reducer oil pool.

[0065] Correspondingly, the specific steps of obtaining the lubricating oil pool bottom oil volume Q1 include:

[0066] The flight attitude simulation is performed using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to obtain the minimum lubricating oil volume required to cover the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pool and be higher than the predetermined height of the oil suction port;

[0067] The minimum lubricating oil volume with the largest value is selected as the bottom oil volume Q1 of the lubricating oil pool.

[0068] When the aircraft equipped with the reducer performs different flight postures, the lubricating oil level in the reducer lubricating oil pool is constantly changing, but the oil suction port in the lubricating oil pool used to form a docking with the lubricating oil pump 4 is fixed. In order to ensure that the reducer lubrication system can maintain normal working ability under different flight postures and ensure that the reducer maintains a certain lubricating oil working pressure;

[0069] In each attitude, the oil level of the reducer oil pool covers the oil suction port of the oil pump 4 and is higher than the predetermined height of the oil suction port as the judgment standard, and the corresponding minimum oil volume under each attitude is selected, and the minimum oil volume with the largest value is selected as the oil volume Q1 at the bottom of the oil pool, so as to ensure that the reducer can guarantee the oil supply capacity of the oil pool in any flight attitude;

[0070] It should be noted that, based on actual on-site experience, the predetermined height is greater than or equal to 50 mm to cover the oil suction port.

[0071] In addition, if a single lubricating oil pump 4 is arranged at the bottom of the reducer lubricating oil pool, and the single lubricating oil pump 4 is provided with multiple oil suction ports, when the aircraft performs flight attitude changes, it should be ensured that the reducer lubricating oil level covers the multiple oil suction ports at the same time, and the minimum distance between the lubricating oil level and the multiple oil suction ports is a predetermined height; if multiple oil suction ports of multiple lubricating oil pumps 4 are arranged at the bottom of the reducer lubricating oil pool, similarly, when the aircraft is in motion, it should be ensured that the reducer lubricating oil level covers the multiple oil suction ports at the same time, and the minimum distance between the lubricating oil level and the multiple oil suction ports is a predetermined height.

[0072] The specific steps of calculating the flow channel lubricating oil quantity Q2 in combination with the three-dimensional model include:

[0073] Obtain the inner cavity volume of the reducer flow channel based on the reducer three-dimensional model;

[0074] The inner volume of the reducer flow channel includes: the inner volume of the casing oil circuit, the inner volume of the external pipe, the inner volume of the lubricating accessories, and the inner volume of the nozzle flow channel;

[0075] If the check valve 1 is not installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, considering that the inner cavity of the flow channel will be filled with lubricating oil during the normal operation of the aircraft, the total volume of the inner cavity of the flow channel is calculated as the flow channel lubricating oil amount Q2;

[0076] If a one-way valve 1 is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, obtain the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve 1 and the inner cavity of the one-way valve 1;

[0077] During normal operation of the aircraft, the inner cavity of the flow channel will be filled with lubricating oil, but the lubricating oil in the pipeline behind the one-way valve 1 and the inner cavity of the one-way valve 1 cannot return to the lubricating oil pool to re-participate in the lubrication operation. Therefore, the difference between the total volume of the inner cavity of the flow channel and the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve 1 and the inner cavity of the one-way valve 1 is calculated as the flow channel lubricating oil amount Q2.

[0078] Correspondingly, the specific steps of obtaining the airborne lubricating oil quantity Q3 by combining the three-dimensional model calculation include:

[0079] The lubricating oil pressure of the reducer is obtained based on the design parameters of the reducer, and the dwell time of the lubricating oil from the nozzle 2 to the lubricating oil surface of the lubricating oil pool is obtained based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer;

[0080] The product of the idle time and the oil flow rate is calculated as the idle oil quantity Q3.

[0081] In this embodiment, the lubricating oil sprayed from the nozzle 2 of the lubricating oil pool and in an airborne state without contacting the lubricating oil surface in the lubricating oil pool is the airborne lubricating oil amount Q3. The method for obtaining the airborne lubricating oil amount Q3 is as follows:

[0082] Obtain the reducer lubricating oil pressure, and obtain the nozzle diameter based on the reducer three-dimensional model. Since the lubricating oil flow rate sprayed from the nozzle 2 nozzle under a certain reducer lubricating oil pressure is a fixed value, the calculation formula of the lubricating oil flow rate is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, C d represents the flow coefficient, which is 0.6 to 0.65; ρ represents the density of the lubricating oil; d i Indicates the nozzle diameter; Q 3i-air Indicates the lubricating oil flow rate; △P indicates the reducer lubricating oil pressure.

[0085] At the same time, since the nozzle area is determined by the nozzle diameter, the initial speed of the oil injection from nozzle 2 is obtained when the nozzle area is obtained. The calculation formula for the initial speed of the oil injection from nozzle 2 is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, V 0i Represents the initial velocity of the oil injection from nozzle 2.

[0088] Then, the straight-line distance from nozzle 2 to the lubricating oil pool is obtained based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, and the dwell time of the lubricating oil from nozzle 2 to the lubricating oil pool lubricating oil surface is obtained. The calculation formula is:

[0089]

[0090] Where g represents the acceleration due to gravity, V 0i Indicates the initial velocity of the oil injection from nozzle 2, L i Indicates the straight-line distance from nozzle 2 to the lubricating oil pool; t i Indicates the idle time.

[0091] Finally, the air-locked lubricating oil quantity Q3 is calculated by integration, and the calculation formula is:

[0092] Q3=∑Q 3i-air t i (4);

[0093] Among them, d i Indicates the nozzle diameter, Q 3i-air represents the oil flow rate, t i Indicates the time when the lubricating oil falls.

[0094] Correspondingly, the specific steps of obtaining the operating lubricating oil quantity Q4 based on the design parameters of the reducer include:

[0095] Based on the design parameters of the reducer, the maximum lubricating oil leakage and evaporation required for the maximum operating endurance of the reducer are obtained, and the sum of the maximum lubricating oil leakage and evaporation is taken as the operating lubricating oil quantity Q4.

[0096] Correspondingly, the specific steps of calculating the retained lubricating oil quantity Q5 in combination with the three-dimensional model include:

[0097] Based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, a gravity flow simulation of the lubricating oil is performed to obtain the amount of the lubricating oil blocked in the oil tank 3 and the oil collecting structure;

[0098] Based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, the area of ​​the lubricating oil adhering to the inner wall of the casing, the bearings, and the gears is obtained, and then the amount of the adhering oil is obtained;

[0099] If the one-way valve 1 is not installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, the sum of the blocked oil volume and the adhered oil volume is calculated as the retained lubricating oil volume Q5, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0100] Q5=∑Vol i +∑S i ×δ(5);

[0101] Among them, Vol. i Indicates the amount of blocked oil; S i It indicates the area of ​​lubricating oil adhering to the inner wall of the casing and the gear; δ indicates the thickness of the oil film, with a value of 0.2 to 0.5 mm;

[0102] In addition, if a one-way valve 1 is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve 1 and the inner cavity of the one-way valve 1 is obtained;

[0103] The sum of the blocked oil volume, the adhered oil volume, the pipeline volume after the one-way valve 1, and the inner cavity volume of the one-way valve 1 is calculated as the retained lubricating oil volume Q5. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0104] Q5=∑V oli +∑S i ×δ+∑V one-way (6);

[0105] Among them, V oliIndicates the amount of blocked oil; S i Indicates the area of ​​the inner wall of the casing and the gears where the lubricating oil adheres; δ indicates the thickness of the oil film, with a value of 0.2 to 0.5 mm; V one-way Indicates the volume of the pipeline after the one-way valve 1 and the inner cavity of the one-way valve 1.

[0106] It should be added that, when the reducer has been processed into a physical object, the retained lubricating oil quantity Q5 can also be obtained in the following manner, specifically:

[0107] Adjust the reducer to the installation angle, inject 30% of the reducer lubricating oil into the reducer, and record the amount of oil added as q1;

[0108] After running the reducer without load, drain the lubricating oil in the reducer and record the amount of oil drained q2;

[0109] The difference between the refueling amount and the draining amount is calculated as the retained lubricating oil amount Q5. The calculation formula is:

[0110] Q5=q1-q2(7).

[0111] However, the retained oil amount Q5 obtained by injection and removal has a lower accuracy than the retained oil amount Q5 obtained by three-dimensional model simulation due to differences in the internal structural design of the reducer, such as differences in the oil tank, casing oil circuit, external pipelines, and different gear and bearing structures and layout positions.

[0112] In order to further illustrate the design method of the present application, a single pump and single oil suction port structure with a pressure lubrication reducer oil volume of 15.3L / min is taken as an example, and the oil suction port is located at the left front of the bottom of the reducer oil pool.

[0113] According to traditional experience, about 30% of the reducer lubricating oil is taken, that is, the designed refueling amount is 4.5L.

[0114] It should be noted that the aircraft reducer can be roughly identified as a rectangular box structure, and the flight attitude range of the aircraft reducer is: pitch angle -15°~15°, roll angle -15°~15°.

[0115] According to the design method of this application:

[0116] Step 1, obtaining the amount of oil Q1 at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool;

[0117] In the non-flying attitude state, when the reducer lubricating oil volume is 2.56L, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is completely immersed in the lubricating oil for about 50mm, and the reducer lubrication system can work normally;

[0118] In the flight attitude state with a pitch angle of 15°, when the reducer lubricating oil volume is 1.36L, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is completely immersed in the lubricating oil, and the reducer lubrication system can work normally;

[0119] In the flight attitude state of a single pitch angle of -15° or a single roll angle of -15°, since the reducer is arranged in a single pump single oil suction port structure, and the oil suction port is located at the left front of the bottom of the reducer oil pool, a single pitch angle attitude or a single left roll attitude is conducive to the oil suction port of the reducer being immersed in the oil, that is, the oil suction port is located at the bottom of the oil pool, and the oil quantity calculation does not need to be performed;

[0120] In the flight attitude state with a roll angle of 15°, when the reducer lubricating oil volume is 1.54L, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is completely immersed in the lubricating oil, and the reducer lubrication system can work normally;

[0121] In the flight attitude state of -15° pitch angle and -15° roll angle, because the reducer is arranged in a single pump and single oil suction port structure, and the oil suction port is located at the left front of the bottom of the reducer oil pool, a single pitch angle attitude or a single left roll attitude is conducive to the oil suction port of the reducer being immersed in the oil, that is, the oil suction port is located at the bottom of the oil pool, and the oil quantity calculation does not need to be performed;

[0122] In the flight attitude state with a pitch angle of 15° and a roll angle of -15°, when the reducer lubricating oil volume is 0.073L, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is completely immersed in the lubricating oil, and the reducer lubrication system can work normally;

[0123] In the flight attitude state with a pitch angle of -15° and a roll angle of 15°, when the reducer lubricating oil volume is 0.065L, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is completely immersed in the lubricating oil, and the reducer lubrication system can work normally;

[0124] In the flight attitude state with a pitch angle of 15° and a roll angle of 15°, when the reducer lubricating oil volume is 3.102L, the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pump 4 is completely immersed in the lubricating oil, and the reducer lubrication system can work normally;

[0125] In summary, after analysis, the corresponding lubricating oil pool bottom oil volume Q1 of the reducer is 3.1L.

[0126] Step 2, obtaining the amount of lubricating oil Q2 in the flow channel;

[0127] According to the three-dimensional model of the reducer, the difference between the total volume of the inner cavity of the flow channel and the volume of the pipeline after the one-way valve 1 and the inner cavity of the one-way valve 1 is calculated as the flow channel lubricating oil volume Q2, which is 0.91L.

[0128] Step 3, obtaining the amount of lubricating oil Q3 in air suspension;

[0129] The distance from the farthest nozzle 2 of the reducer to the lubricating oil level in the lubricating oil pool is 436.41mm. According to the initial velocity of the lubricating oil of 5m / s, the time it takes to fall to the bottom of the lubricating oil pool by relying on its own gravity is 0.081s (without considering obstructions such as gears and casings). The total amount of lubricating oil required by the reducer is about 15.3L / min, and the amount of lubricating oil in the air Q3 is about 0.021L.

[0130] Step 4, obtaining the amount of lubricating oil in operation Q4;

[0131] Taking into account the reducer oil leakage and oil evaporation, according to the design parameters required by the reducer manual, and based on the maximum cruising time of 4 hours, the sum of the reducer's maximum oil leakage and evaporation is approximately 0.035L, that is, the reducer's operating oil volume Q4 is approximately 0.035L.

[0132] Step 5, obtaining the amount of retained lubricating oil Q5;

[0133] The lubricating oil retained in the reducer is mainly the amount of lubricating oil adhered to the casing and gears. The lubricating oil adhesion area S is calculated based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer. i 3.65m 2 , according to the oil film thickness δ of 3 microns, the amount of adhered lubricating oil Q5 is calculated to be about 0.011L;

[0134] Therefore, the initial refueling volume Q6 is:

[0135] Q6=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5=3.1+0.91+0.024+0.035+0.011≈4.08L (8);

[0136] Operation refueling quantity Q7 is:

[0137] Q7=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4=3.1+0.91+0.024+0.035≈4.07L (9);

[0138] In summary, the refueling volume of this type of pressure lubrication reducer is designed to be 4.5L based on experience, and the estimated initial refueling volume Q6 of the reducer designed according to the design method of the present invention is 4.08L, and the difference between the two is 9.3%.

[0139] During the actual flight attitude test of the reducer, the actual refueling volume of the reducer was 4L, the lubricating oil pressure and lubricating oil temperature of the reducer lubrication system were normal, and the surface temperature of the casing was normal. The test showed that the refueling volume of the reducer was 4L (the refueling volume in the usual sense) which was sufficient for the normal operation of the reducer, and the difference with the refueling volume of the reducer designed by the present invention (4.07L) was 1.75%.

[0140] refer to Figure 3 The present invention also proposes a pressure lubrication reducer oil quantity calculation system, comprising:

[0141] A model building unit, used for acquiring design parameters of the reducer and building a three-dimensional model of the reducer;

[0142] A first calculation unit is used to obtain the operating lubricating oil quantity Q4 based on the design parameters of the reducer;

[0143] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the flow channel lubricating oil quantity Q2, the retained lubricating oil quantity Q5 and the air-retained lubricating oil quantity Q3 in combination with the three-dimensional model;

[0144] The third measuring unit is used to simulate the flight attitude using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to obtain the amount of oil Q1 at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool;

[0145] A data sorting unit is used to obtain the refueling amount of the reducer based on the lubricating oil pool bottom oil amount Q1, the flow channel lubricating oil amount Q2, the air lubricating oil amount Q3, the operating lubricating oil amount Q4, and the retained lubricating oil amount Q5;

[0146] Among them, the reducer refueling amount includes the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount.

[0147] The initial refueling volume is the sum of the oil volume at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the lubricating oil volume in the flow channel, the lubricating oil volume in the air, the operating lubricating oil volume, and the retained lubricating oil volume.

[0148] The operating refueling volume is the sum of the oil pool bottom oil volume, flow channel lubricating oil volume, airborne lubricating oil volume and operating lubricating oil volume.

[0149] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of multiple components or the interaction relationship of multiple components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0150] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the amount of oil to be added to a pressure lubrication reducer, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtain the design parameters of the reducer and construct a three-dimensional model of the reducer; Obtain the operating lubricating oil quantity based on the design parameters of the reducer; Combined with the three-dimensional model, the flow channel oil volume, the retained oil volume and the airborne oil volume are calculated; Use the three-dimensional model of the reducer to simulate the flight attitude and obtain the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool; Obtain the refueling amount of the reducer based on the amount of oil in the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel, the amount of lubricating oil in the air, the amount of operating lubricating oil, and the amount of retained lubricating oil; Among them, the reducer refueling amount includes the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount.

2. The method for calculating the amount of oil to be added to a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The initial refueling amount is the sum of the oil volume at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the lubricating oil volume in the flow channel, the lubricating oil volume in the air, the operating lubricating oil volume, and the retained lubricating oil volume.

3. The method for calculating the amount of oil to be added to a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The operating refueling amount is the sum of the oil pool bottom oil amount, flow channel lubricating oil amount, airborne lubricating oil amount, and operating lubricating oil amount.

4. The method for calculating the oil filling amount of a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool include: The flight attitude simulation is performed using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to obtain the minimum lubricating oil volume required to cover the oil suction port of the lubricating oil pool and be higher than the predetermined height of the oil suction port; The minimum lubricating oil volume with the largest value is selected as the bottom oil volume of the lubricating oil pool.

5. The method for calculating the amount of oil to be added to a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific steps of calculating the flow channel lubricating oil quantity in combination with the three-dimensional model include: Obtain the inner cavity volume of the reducer flow channel based on the reducer three-dimensional model; The inner volume of the reducer flow channel includes: the inner volume of the casing oil circuit, the inner volume of the external pipe, the inner volume of the lubricating accessories, and the inner volume of the nozzle flow channel; If there is no one-way valve installed in the reducer flow channel cavity, calculate the total volume of the flow channel cavity as the flow channel lubricating oil volume; If a one-way valve is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, obtain the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve and the inner cavity of the one-way valve; The difference between the total volume of the inner cavity of the flow channel and the volume of the pipeline after the one-way valve and the inner cavity of the one-way valve is calculated as the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel.

6. The method for calculating the oil filling amount of a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the operating lubricating oil quantity based on the design parameters of the reducer include: Based on the design parameters of the reducer, the maximum lubricating oil leakage and evaporation required for the maximum operating endurance of the reducer are obtained, and the sum of the maximum lubricating oil leakage and evaporation is taken as the operating lubricating oil quantity.

7. The method for calculating the oil quantity of a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific steps of calculating and obtaining the amount of lubricating oil in the air by combining the three-dimensional model include: The lubricating oil pressure of the reducer is obtained based on the design parameters of the reducer, and the dwell time of the lubricating oil from the nozzle to the lubricating oil surface of the lubricating oil pool is obtained based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer; The product of the airborne time and the oil flow rate is calculated as the airborne oil quantity.

8. The method for calculating the oil quantity of a pressure lubrication reducer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific steps of calculating the amount of retained lubricating oil in combination with the three-dimensional model include: Based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, the gravity flow simulation of the lubricating oil is carried out to obtain the amount of lubricating oil blocked in the oil tank and the oil collecting structure; Based on the three-dimensional model of the reducer, the area of ​​the lubricating oil adhering to the inner wall of the casing, the bearings, and the gears is obtained, and then the amount of the adhering oil is obtained; If there is no one-way valve installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, the sum of the blocked oil volume and the adhered oil volume is calculated as the retained lubricating oil volume; If a one-way valve is installed in the inner cavity of the reducer flow channel, obtain the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve and the inner cavity of the one-way valve; The sum of the blocked oil volume, adhered oil volume, the volume of the pipeline behind the one-way valve and the volume of the inner cavity of the one-way valve is calculated as the retained lubricating oil volume.

9. A pressure lubrication reducer oil filling amount calculation system, characterized in that: include: A model building unit, used for acquiring design parameters of the reducer and building a three-dimensional model of the reducer; A first calculation unit is used to obtain the operating lubricating oil amount based on the design parameters of the reducer; The second calculation unit is used to calculate the flow channel lubricating oil amount, the retained lubricating oil amount and the air-retained lubricating oil amount in combination with the three-dimensional model; The third measuring unit is used to simulate the flight attitude using the three-dimensional model of the reducer to obtain the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool; A data sorting unit is used to obtain the refueling amount of the reducer based on the amount of oil at the bottom of the lubricating oil pool, the amount of lubricating oil in the flow channel, the amount of lubricating oil in the air, the amount of operating lubricating oil, and the amount of retained lubricating oil; Among them, the reducer refueling amount includes the operating refueling amount and the initial refueling amount.

10. The pressure lubrication reducer oil filling amount calculation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The initial refueling amount is the sum of the lubricating oil pool bottom oil amount, flow channel lubricating oil amount, air lubricating oil amount, operating lubricating oil amount, and retained lubricating oil amount; The operating refueling amount is the sum of the oil pool bottom oil amount, flow channel lubricating oil amount, airborne lubricating oil amount, and operating lubricating oil amount.

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