Permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas engineering, in particular to a permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, which comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring a first image which comprises permeability information, and converting the first image into a grayscale image; s2, determining a segmentation threshold value, performing image segmentation on the grayscale image by using an iteration method, and constructing a mapping relation between grayscale image information and color components; and S3, acquiring a second image according to the mapping relation, and acquiring permeability information according to the color component of the second image. According to the method, permeability data exchange among different simulation software can be realized, and the compatibility and availability of data are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas engineering, and in particular relates to a permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation. Background Art

[0002] In the oil and gas industry, accurate processing of permeability data is essential for reservoir evaluation and management. However, due to the existence of different software systems developed by multiple companies in the industry, the data formats between these systems are often inconsistent, resulting in data that cannot be directly used. Especially when it comes to different numerical calculation methods, such as the finite volume method, which usually uses a hexahedral grid, and the finite element method, which uses an irregular grid, the permeability data obtained by these methods have differences in format and structure and cannot be directly converted and used between different software.

[0003] In order to solve this problem, the present invention proposes a permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation. This method realizes data transmission between different software systems by converting the permeability image into a numerical format. In this way, even when the grid mapping is inconsistent, effective data conversion and transmission can be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of permeability data exchange between different simulation software in the oil and gas industry, so that users can seamlessly import permeability data between different simulation software and simplify the workflow.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Acquire a first image, where the first image contains permeability information, and convert the first image into a grayscale image;

[0008] S2. Determine the segmentation threshold, use an iterative method to segment the grayscale image, and construct a mapping relationship between the grayscale image information and the color component;

[0009] S3. Acquire a second image according to the mapping relationship, and acquire permeability information according to a color component of the second image.

[0010] Furthermore, the step S1 also includes:

[0011] The RGB information of the first image is converted into the brightness and chromaticity of the grayscale image.

[0012] Furthermore, the transformation relationship is:

[0013] Y=0.299R+0.587G+0.114B

[0014] U=-0.147R-0.289G+0.436B+128

[0015] V=0.615R-0.515G-0.100B+128

[0016] Among them, R, G, B are the red, green, and blue components in the RGB color space, and Y, U, and V are the brightness and chrominance components in the YUV color space.

[0017] Furthermore, the iterative method step in step S2 includes:

[0018] S2.1, select the initial segmentation threshold T;

[0019] S2.2, segment the image according to the threshold value, divide the image pixels into background and foreground, and calculate the average grayscale T0 and T1 of the two respectively;

[0020] S2.3. Calculate the new threshold value T' using the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] S2.4. Determine whether the iteration has converged. If the absolute value of |T'-T| is less than a preset threshold, the iteration is considered to have converged, and T' is the final threshold. Otherwise, T' is used as the new threshold T, and S2.2 and S2.3 are repeated.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2.1, the average value of the image grayscale is selected as the initial segmentation threshold T.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S2, a piecewise linear function is used to construct a mapping relationship.

[0025] Furthermore, the method further comprises the steps of:

[0026] Select one or more areas at corresponding positions in the first image and the second image, compare the permeability value of the first image with the permeability value of the second image, and when the difference between the two is greater than a preset threshold, continue to adjust the mapping relationship or segmentation threshold until the difference is less than the preset threshold.

[0027] The present invention provides a permeability image data transmission system based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, which is characterized by comprising the following modules:

[0028] A first image processing module, used for acquiring a first image, the first image including permeability information, and converting the first image into a grayscale image;

[0029] A digitization module, which is used to determine a segmentation threshold, perform image segmentation on the grayscale image using an iterative method, and construct a mapping relationship between grayscale image information and color components;

[0030] A second image processing module is used to obtain a second image according to the mapping relationship and to obtain permeability information according to a color component of the second image.

[0031] The present invention provides a hardware of a permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, characterized in that it includes:

[0032] Memory for storing computer programs;

[0033] A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement any one of the steps of the above-mentioned method for transmitting permeability image data.

[0034] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method for transmitting permeability image data between different software as described in any one of the above.

[0035] The method provided by the present invention can improve data compatibility, can process permeability data between different software systems, and improve data compatibility and availability; the method provided by the present invention can seamlessly import permeability data between different simulation software, significantly simplifying the workflow, and in addition, through automated image processing and numerical processing, manual operations are also reduced, thereby improving data processing efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a first image in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a grayscale image of permeability converted in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a piecewise linear function in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a second image in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of image division areas in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] In order to realize the sharing and transmission of permeability data between different software, such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1. Acquire a first image, where the first image contains permeability information, and convert the first image into a grayscale image;

[0046] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, firstly, a first image containing permeability information is obtained. Since the first image is mostly in the form of a color picture, the RGB image is converted into a YUV color space, and the brightness (Y) channel is extracted as a grayscale image, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0047] Specifically, the YUV color space contains brightness (Y) and chrominance (U and V) information (where Y represents brightness information, and U and V represent color information). For standard RGB to YUV conversion, in one embodiment, the following method can be used for conversion:

[0048] Y=0.299R+0.587G+0.114B

[0049] U=-0.147R-0.289G+0.436B+128

[0050] V=0.615R-0.515G-0.100B+128

[0051] Among them, R, G, B are the red, green, and blue components in the RGB color space, and Y, U, and V are the brightness and chrominance components in the YUV color space.

[0052] S2. Determine the segmentation threshold, use an iterative method to segment the grayscale image, and construct a mapping relationship between the grayscale image information and the color component.

[0053] The key to iterative threshold segmentation is to dynamically adjust the threshold until a suitable segmentation point is found so that the foreground and background of the image are effectively separated. The segmentation steps of this method include:

[0054] S2.1, select the initial segmentation threshold and select the average value of the image grayscale as the initial threshold T;

[0055] S2.2, segment the image according to the threshold value, divide the image pixels into background and foreground, and calculate the average grayscale T0 and T1 of the two respectively;

[0056] S2.3. Calculate the new threshold value T' using the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] S2.4, determine whether the iteration has converged. If the absolute value of |T'-T| is less than a preset threshold, the iteration is considered to have converged, and T' is the final threshold. Otherwise, T' is used as the new threshold T, and S2.2 and S2.3 are repeated.

[0059] S3. Acquire a second image according to the mapping relationship, and acquire permeability information according to a color component of the second image.

[0060] In step S3, the extracted grayscale values ​​are mapped to the final permeability value distribution map through a piecewise linear function. The grayscale value of each pixel in the grayscale map is mapped to the three dimensions of R, G, and B according to three piecewise linear functions, and then a color map is generated by superposition. In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the three piecewise linear functions are as follows:

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] By the above method, a second image containing permeability information can be obtained, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0064] In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to verify the accuracy and precision of the present invention, after acquiring the second image, one or more regions of corresponding positions in the first image and the second image can be selected, where the region can be a corresponding point with the same coordinates, or a corresponding segmented regional image, to obtain the permeability information in the corresponding region, and by comparing the permeability value of the first image with the permeability value of the second image, for example, the absolute value of the difference between the two can be obtained. When the absolute value of the difference between the two is less than a preset threshold, it means that the method of the present invention is reliable and can realize the permeability data transmission between different software. When the absolute value of the difference between the two is greater than a preset threshold, the mapping relationship or the segmentation threshold can be adjusted until the absolute value of the difference is less than the preset threshold.

[0065] In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to quickly verify the accuracy and precision, the first image can be obtained to set feature points, which can clearly describe the plane geometric information of the first image, so that the exact position of a certain pixel point on the first image can be obtained through the feature points. Correspondingly, the corresponding feature points can also be obtained on the second image. Figure 6 As shown, for example, when the first image is a plane rectangle, by setting the four endpoints of the plane rectangle as the feature points of the first image (i.e., the ABCD points in the figure), the four endpoints of the second image are the feature points of the second image accordingly. After obtaining the feature points, a corresponding plane two-dimensional geometric coordinate system can be established according to the feature points, thereby dividing the regional image between the feature points along the first direction and the second direction, thereby obtaining the accurate coordinate information of any position in the first image and the corresponding position in the second image. Figure 6 As shown in , the horizontal direction is set as the first direction, the vertical direction is set as the second direction, and the regions are divided along the first direction and the second direction. The above method can be used to divide the image into several regional images. For each regional image, by comparing the permeability value of the first image with the permeability value of the second image (the comparison area is the same position), for example, the absolute value of the difference between the two can be obtained. When the absolute value of the difference in the permeability of each area is less than a preset threshold, it means that each divided area meets the preset threshold, and the optimization of the segmentation threshold can be stopped at this time; otherwise, the segmentation threshold is further optimized. It should be noted that if there are more divided areas, the more permeability information is carried by the corresponding positions of the first image and the second image. When other conditions are determined, it also means that the more areas in the first image and the second image that meet the accuracy requirements, the higher the accuracy at this time.

[0066] It can be seen that through the method provided in this application, the permeability information represented by images between different software can be transmitted, and the technicians can also accurately obtain the accurate permeability numerical information in the permeability image by applying the method provided in this application. It has the characteristics of high data compatibility and availability, simplified workflow, and high processing efficiency.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquire a first image, where the first image contains permeability information, and convert the first image into a grayscale image; S2. Determine the segmentation threshold, use an iterative method to segment the grayscale image, and construct a mapping relationship between the grayscale image information and the color component; S3. Acquire a second image according to the mapping relationship, and acquire permeability information according to a color component of the second image.

2. The permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 further comprises: The RGB information of the first image is converted into the brightness and chromaticity of the grayscale image.

3. The permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conversion relationship is: Y=0.299R+0.587G+0.114B U=-0.147R-0.289G+0.436B+128 V=0.615R-0.515G-0.100B+128 in, R, G, B are the red, green, and blue components in the RGB color space, and Y, U, and V are the brightness and chrominance components in the YUV color space.

4. The permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation according to claim 1, wherein the iterative method step in step S2 comprises: S2.1, select the initial segmentation threshold T; S2.2, segment the image according to the threshold value, divide the image pixels into background and foreground, and calculate the average grayscale T0 and T1 of the two respectively; S2.

3. Calculate the new threshold value T' using the following formula: S2.

4. Determine whether the iteration has converged. If the absolute value of |T'-T| is less than a preset threshold, the iteration is considered to have converged, and T' is the final threshold. Otherwise, T' is used as the new threshold T, and S2.2 and S2.3 are repeated.

5. The permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation as described in claim 4, wherein the average value of the image grayscale is selected as the initial segmentation threshold T in step S2.

1.

6. The permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation as described in claim 1, wherein a piecewise linear function is used to construct a mapping relationship in step S2.

7. The permeability image data transmission method based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: Select one or more areas at corresponding positions in the first image and the second image, compare the permeability value of the first image with the permeability value of the second image, and when the difference between the two is greater than a preset threshold, continue to adjust the mapping relationship or segmentation threshold until the difference is less than the preset threshold.

8. A permeability image data transmission system based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: A first image processing module, used for acquiring a first image, the first image including permeability information, and converting the first image into a grayscale image; A digitization module, which is used to determine a segmentation threshold, perform image segmentation on the grayscale image using an iterative method, and construct a mapping relationship between grayscale image information and color components; A second image processing module is used to obtain a second image according to the mapping relationship and to obtain permeability information according to a color component of the second image.

9. A hardware method for transmitting permeability image data based on YUV conversion and iterative threshold segmentation, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor is used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the permeability image data transmission method described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the permeability image data transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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