Scheme optimization method and system based on automatic blasting

Abstract

The invention discloses a scheme optimization method and system based on automatic blasting, and belongs to the technical field of data strategy optimization, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an automatic blasting scheme uploaded by a lower computer and a three-dimensional geological structure of a blasting object; performing energy analysis on blasting parameters in the automatic blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure; the blasting target is predicted through the energy analysis, and the predicted completion condition of the blasting target under the current scheme is obtained; by means of the blasting target, parameter optimization is conducted on the blasting parameters, and an optimal scheme of automatic blasting is obtained; and respectively issuing the predicted completion condition and the optimal scheme to a lower computer for scheme guidance of automatic blasting. Closed-loop control from blasting design, optimization to execution is achieved, the automation degree, construction safety and resource utilization efficiency of blasting operation are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for refined and intelligent blasting scenes under complex geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data strategy optimization, and in particular to a solution optimization method and system based on automated blasting. Background Art

[0002] As an important means of rock and soil crushing and structural demolition, blasting technology is widely used in mining, tunneling, building demolition, water conservancy projects and other engineering scenarios. Traditional blasting design usually relies on empirical formulas, test data and the engineering experience of on-site personnel to determine the charge structure, hole network parameters and detonation sequence. Although there are certain standardized design processes, there are still problems such as inaccurate parameter selection, unstable blasting effects, and unpredictable interference with the surrounding environment in complex geological environments.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of sensor technology, geological survey technology and numerical simulation methods, blasting design has gradually evolved towards digitalization and intelligence. Three-dimensional geological modeling, energy analysis simulation and detonation process simulation have become key supporting means to improve the scientificity and controllability of blasting design. At the same time, the blasting system has gradually realized automated operation, and the lower-level equipment can achieve precise control of multiple detonation points, providing an implementation basis for blasting parameter optimization and feedback control.

[0004] However, most optimization methods are still limited to single-objective or simple rule-driven, making it difficult to achieve multi-objective collaborative optimization and intelligent decision-making in complex environments. In addition, the lack of quantitative evaluation and dynamic analysis methods for the blasting energy process limits the adaptability of automated blasting systems under higher precision and higher safety standards. Therefore, how to integrate multi-source geological information, finely model the blasting process, and achieve higher-level optimization control has become an important direction for the development of the industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a scheme optimization method based on automated blasting is proposed, including obtaining the automated blasting scheme uploaded by the lower computer and the three-dimensional geological structure of the blasting object;

[0006] Performing energy analysis on blasting parameters in the automated blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure;

[0007] The blasting target is predicted through the energy analysis to obtain the expected completion status of the blasting target under the current plan;

[0008] Utilizing the blasting target, optimizing the blasting parameters to obtain an optimal solution for automated blasting;

[0009] The estimated completion status and the optimal solution are obtained and sent to the lower computer for guidance of the automated blasting solution;

[0010] The energy analysis includes analyzing whether the blasting target can be achieved by constructing the concept of blasting entropy and analyzing the propagation and accumulation of the blasting entropy.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting described in the present invention, wherein: the automated blasting scheme includes blasting targets, blasting locations, the position of each blasting hole in the three-dimensional geological structure and blasting parameters of each blasting hole;

[0012] The blasting target includes the area that needs to be destroyed or removed in the blasting task;

[0013] The three-dimensional geological structure includes a spatial data model formed by digitally modeling the spatial distribution, physical properties and structural characteristics of underground rock and soil bodies through geological structure survey technology.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting described in the present invention, the blasting parameters include the type of explosive, detonation time, and charge amount.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting described in the present invention, wherein: the blasting entropy includes, by fitting the charge amount and the energy released when the explosive explodes under each type of explosive, obtaining the functional relationship between the energy released when the explosive explodes and the charge amount, as a type A functional relationship;

[0016] For each of the blasting parameters, in the A-type functional relationship, after matching the explosive type to the functional relationship a, the charge amount is input into the functional relationship a, and the energy released when the explosive explodes is output as the blasting entropy of the blasting parameter;

[0017] Analyzing the propagation and accumulation of the blasting entropy includes, through the detonation time, detonating the explosives in each blasting hole on the time axis; assuming that when the explosives in each blasting hole explode, the blasting entropy propagates radially starting from the bottom of the blasting hole;

[0018] By fitting the functional relationship between the attenuation of the explosion entropy at the same coordinate position and the size of the explosion entropy in different media, a type B functional relationship is obtained;

[0019] By fitting the functional relationship between the attenuation of the blow-up entropy and the size of the blow-up entropy at the current coordinate position during the propagation process from the current coordinate position to the next coordinate position, a C-type functional relationship is obtained;

[0020] By using the C-type function relationship, the explosion entropy is propagated at each coordinate position of the three-dimensional geological structure on the time axis according to the energy propagation speed; during the propagation process, the explosion entropy at each coordinate position is accumulated, and by using the B-type function relationship, the accumulated explosion entropy at each coordinate position is attenuated; and the explosion entropy of each coordinate on the time axis is obtained.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting described in the present invention, the estimated completion status includes: comprehensively analyzing the blasting entropy of each coordinate, presetting a stability threshold for each medium, and in the coordinate position (x, y, z), if the blasting entropy is greater than the corresponding stability threshold, then the position (x, y, z) is judged to be unstable; otherwise, it is judged to be stable;

[0022] All unstable coordinate positions are counted. If the density of unstable coordinates in region T is greater than the preset value 1, the region T is predicted to be destroyed. If the density of unstable coordinates in any plane R is greater than the preset value 2, the part outside the predicted plane R is removed.

[0023] On the time axis, when any area or plane achieves destruction or removal of the blasting target, synchronization is performed in the three-dimensional geological structure, and analysis is continued based on the synchronized three-dimensional geological structure until the blasting is completed, thereby achieving accumulation of the destroyed or removed parts in the three-dimensional geological structure;

[0024] After the blasting is completed, if the blasting target does not exist in the synchronized three-dimensional geological structure, it is judged that the blasting target is completed; otherwise, it is judged that the blasting has failed;

[0025] The stability threshold includes, for the metering part represented by each coordinate in different media, a threshold for determining whether the explosion entropy can affect the structural stability.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting described in the present invention, the parameter optimization includes: respectively presetting the step size of adjustment for each blasting parameter; calculating the feasible value of each blasting parameter; the feasible value of the explosive type in each blasting hole: ;

[0027] In each blast hole, the feasible value of the detonation time is: ;

[0028] The feasible value of charge in each blast hole is: ;

[0029] in, represents the kth explosive type, where k represents the number of optional explosive types; It indicates the qth optional moment of the detonation time on the time axis; q indicates the number of optional moments of the detonation time in the blast hole; Indicates the eth optional charge in the blasting hole; e indicates the optional value of the charge in the blasting hole;

[0030] Select any one parameter from KL, KQ, and KZ to combine, and obtain a set of blasting parameters as the parameter combination to be evaluated; for the parameter combination to be evaluated, estimate the completion of the blasting target, and obtain all the parameter combinations to be evaluated that meet the constraint conditions and are expected to complete the blasting target, as the parameter combination to be optimized;

[0031] For each parameter combination to be optimized, the charge amount of each explosive type is summed to obtain all explosive types used and the total charge amount of each explosive type under each parameter combination to be optimized;

[0032] The constraint condition is: the cumulative volume of the destroyed or removed parts minus the volume of the blasting target ≤ the preset value θ.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting described in the present invention, the optimal solution includes selecting the scheme based on the total charge amount of each type of explosive under each combination of parameters to be optimized according to a preset selection principle, and outputting the final solution.

[0034] Another object of the present invention is to provide a scheme optimization system based on automated blasting. The present invention solves the problem that the existing automated blasting optimization system is difficult to accurately evaluate the blasting effect under complex geological conditions and the parameter configuration optimization efficiency is low. By quantitatively analyzing the energy action process and combining the three-dimensional geological structure to predict the dynamic stability of the target area, the accuracy of blasting effect judgment is improved. At the same time, efficient combination optimization of multi-dimensional blasting parameters is achieved, which significantly improves the reliability and intelligence level of automated blasting schemes while meeting complex blasting goals.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the scheme optimization system based on automated blasting described in the present invention, it is characterized by comprising: a collection unit for acquiring the automated blasting scheme uploaded by the lower computer and the three-dimensional geological structure of the blasting object;

[0036] An analysis unit, performing energy analysis on blasting parameters in the automated blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure;

[0037] A prediction unit predicts the blasting target through the energy analysis to obtain the estimated completion status of the blasting target under the current plan;

[0038] An optimization unit, using the blasting target, performs parameter optimization on the blasting parameters to obtain an optimal solution for automated blasting;

[0039] The output unit obtains the estimated completion status and the optimal solution and sends them to the lower computer respectively.

[0040] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the scheme optimization method based on automated blasting are implemented.

[0041] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the solution optimization method based on automated blasting are implemented.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by constructing a propagation and accumulation model of blasting entropy, a quantitative analysis of energy release and transfer during the blasting process and its impact on the geological structure is achieved, breaking through the problem of difficulty in predicting blasting effects in traditional blasting designs. Based on three-dimensional geological structure modeling and medium strength marking, the system can accurately identify the blasting target area and its stability changes, and realize dynamic prediction of the completion of the blasting target. Through the parameter optimization mechanism, the system quickly screens out the optimal blasting scheme that meets the constraints from a variety of explosive types, detonation times and charge combinations, effectively improving the optimization efficiency and accuracy. The final scheme can be simultaneously sent to the automated blasting equipment to achieve closed-loop control from blasting design, optimization to execution, significantly improving the automation level of blasting operations, construction safety and resource utilization efficiency, and is suitable for refined and intelligent blasting scenarios under complex geological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 An overall flow chart of a solution optimization method based on automated blasting provided for one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a blasting target according to a method for optimizing a scheme based on automated blasting is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, and provides a solution optimization method based on automated blasting, comprising:

[0048] S1: Obtain the automated blasting plan and the three-dimensional geological structure of the blasting object uploaded by the lower computer.

[0049] Furthermore, the automated blasting scheme includes the blasting target, the blasting location (used for information recording, for engineering log), the location of each blasting hole in the three-dimensional geological structure, and the blasting parameters of each blasting hole. The blasting target includes the area that needs to be destroyed or removed in the blasting task. The "blasting object" refers to the mountain to be blasted or other objects to be blasted. Blasting object>blasting target.

[0050] The three-dimensional geological structure is a spatial data model formed by digitally modeling the spatial distribution, physical properties and structural characteristics of underground rock and soil through the collection of basic data by existing means and through the geological structure survey technology. The three-dimensional geological structure refers to a spatial data model formed by digitally modeling and visually modeling the spatial distribution, physical properties, structural characteristics and other information of underground rock and soil in the geographic coordinate system. This structure expresses geological information such as rock layer boundaries, joints and fissures, holes, weak zones, groundwater levels, etc. in the form of three-dimensional grids, voxels, point clouds, isosurfaces, etc., and is the basic data environment for automatic calculation and intelligent optimization of blasting parameters.

[0051] The acquisition methods include but are not limited to seismic wave reflection method, resistivity tomography, core test of borehole and geological radar scanning; the three-dimensional geological structure is composed of multiple spatial units, and the system assigns a geological strength value to each spatial unit based on the measured or derived data corresponding to each unit. The geological strength value is used to reflect the compressive capacity of the rock mass, the degree of joint fragmentation or the energy consumption requirement for blasting; the geological strength marking result is used as one of the input variables for blasting parameter optimization to control the adaptive generation of charging structure, hole network density and delay strategy.

[0052] It should be noted that at that time, the automated blasting plan included information such as the blasting target, blasting location, spatial position of each blasting hole, and blasting parameters, especially the mapping of each blasting hole position in the three-dimensional geological structure, which provided a coordinate reference for the subsequent energy propagation path calculation and effect judgment. The blasting target clearly specifies the area to be destroyed or removed in the blasting task, and is the core input of the objective function in the entire optimization process. A geological strength value is assigned to each spatial unit to characterize the mechanical properties and blasting response characteristics of the rock mass in the area, thereby providing a high-precision structural response basis for energy simulation and parameter optimization.

[0053] By deeply integrating blasting tasks, spatial structures and parameter data, data support and structural model foundation are provided for subsequent blasting entropy analysis, target completion prediction and automatic optimization, ensuring that the system has geological perception and precise control capabilities, and promoting the intelligent upgrade of blasting design from "empirical decision-making" to "data-driven + model support".

[0054] S2: Performing energy analysis on blasting parameters in the automated blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure.

[0055] Among them, energy analysis includes, by constructing the concept of blasting entropy, analyzing the propagation and accumulation of the blasting entropy, and analyzing whether the blasting target can be completed. The blasting entropy includes, by fitting the charge amount and the energy released when the explosive explodes under each type of explosive, obtaining the functional relationship between the energy released when the explosive explodes and the charge amount, as a Class A functional relationship. The fitting data of the Class A functional relationship mainly comes from the following three categories: explosion performance test data reports from explosive manufacturers, military industry, and civil explosive research institutions; monitoring systems in actual engineering blasting (such as microseismic monitoring, particle size distribution analysis, flying stone distance, etc.); using blasting mechanics simulation tools (such as ANSYS-AUTODYN, LS-DYNA) to simulate the explosion process of different explosives in different environments and extract the corresponding energy value. The type of explosive and charge amount in the actual blasting parameters are used as input; calling the fitted function model is the blasting energy of the hole.

[0056] For each of the blasting parameters (there is a parameter for each hole, that is, the matching and calculation process is performed for each hole), in the type A functional relationship, after matching the explosive type to the functional relationship a, the charge amount is input into the functional relationship a, and the energy released when the explosive explodes is output as the blasting entropy of the blasting parameter.

[0057] Analyzing the propagation and accumulation of the blasting entropy includes detonating the explosives in each blasting hole on the time axis through the detonation time; assuming that when the explosives in each blasting hole explode, the blasting entropy propagates radially starting from the bottom of the blasting hole.

[0058] It should be noted that in engineering blasting, explosives are usually loaded from the bottom up, that is, the explosives are loaded from the bottom of the hole upwards, and the detonation point is mostly set at the bottom of the hole or the bottom of the explosive. Once detonated, the explosives release energy instantly, forming a high-speed shock wave, and its wave source is located in the central area at the bottom of the blast hole. At this time, the energy propagates in the geological medium in the form of a spherical wave, but due to the limitation of the hole wall, the waveform will be reflected, diffracted or reduced in different directions, but its propagation direction is initially outward (i.e. radial). Therefore, setting "blasting entropy starts from the bottom of the hole and propagates radially" is a physical modeling method that conforms to the actual initial release process of explosive energy. The three-dimensional geological structure is usually divided into spatial grid units. If the propagation path of the blasting entropy is established from the bottom of the hole, the "spherical diffusion" or "anisotropic energy propagation" can be more efficiently simulated in the coordinate space; the radial propagation model can be combined with the C-type function relationship to model the layer-by-layer attenuation of the blasting entropy from the current coordinate to the adjacent coordinate direction, forming a "time + space" propagation sequence.

[0059] If the bottom of the blasting hole is taken as the initial point and propagates radially in all directions, it can be ensured that the blasting entropy expands along the actual physical path, thereby forming multiple superpositions of entropy energy in the target area, which is convenient for subsequent statistics on "whether a certain area has reached the conditions for destruction."

[0060] By fitting the functional relationship between the attenuation of the explosion entropy at the same coordinate position in different media and the size of the explosion entropy, we get the B-type functional relationship. It should be noted that the degree of energy attenuation in different media is different. By fitting the functional relationship between the attenuation of the explosion entropy and the size of the explosion entropy at the current coordinate position when the explosion entropy propagates from the current coordinate position to the next coordinate position during the propagation process, we get the C-type functional relationship.

[0061] It should be said that the purpose of the Class B function relationship is to find out the attenuation behavior model of the unit blasting entropy value in different media (such as hard rock, soft rock, sand layer, aquifer) in the original stable state. Data is acquired through engineering measured data (through microseismic, wave velocity, pressure inversion), numerical simulation (such as LS-DYNA blasting energy attenuation module), experimental measurement (simulated blasting filled with different media in the experimental cabin), etc., and is fitted based on the acquired data. The purpose of the Class C function relationship is to find out the attenuation rule when the blasting entropy propagates from one spatial unit to another, reflecting the "spatial transfer" characteristics of entropy. Construct a mapping relationship between the current coordinate entropy value and the next coordinate entropy value, combine the medium parameters and the propagation distance, and perform curve fitting through simulation data or measured data to form a blasting entropy attenuation function on the spatial propagation path.

[0062] By using the C-type function relationship, the explosion entropy is propagated at each coordinate position of the three-dimensional geological structure on the time axis according to the energy propagation speed; during the propagation process, the explosion entropy at each coordinate position is accumulated, and by using the B-type function relationship, the accumulated explosion entropy at each coordinate position is attenuated; and the explosion entropy of each coordinate on the time axis is obtained.

[0063] It should be known that by constructing a space-time propagation model of blasting entropy driven by energy propagation speed and combining the characteristics of geological media, dynamic modeling of the propagation path and attenuation behavior of blasting energy in three-dimensional space can be achieved. On this basis, the system can simulate the change process of blasting entropy of each coordinate unit on the time axis, and then judge whether each area has reached the destruction condition. In this way, the "energy impact range" and "effect achievement degree" that are difficult to predict in traditional blasting can be quantified into a coordinate-level entropy response model, improving the accuracy of blasting prediction and the scientific nature of parameter optimization.

[0064] The calculation of the explosion entropy propagation and decay of each coordinate is:

[0065] Initialization: Calculate the initial blast entropy of each blast hole .

[0066] Propagation simulation: Calculate the arrival time of each coordinate point according to the propagation speed.

[0067] Energy transfer: Use C-type functions to calculate the entropy value after propagation attenuation.

[0068] Energy accumulation: The entropy values ​​of multiple blasting holes are accumulated at each coordinate point.

[0069] Medium attenuation: Use the B-type function to decay and obtain the final explosion entropy.

[0070] Time series update: Perform step-by-step iterations on the timeline to form a global communication map.

[0071] Energy from blast holes Spread to point The propagation time:

[0072] ;

[0073] The propagation arrival time is:

[0074] ;

[0075] The blast entropy propagating from blast hole j to coordinate point i is:

[0076] ;

[0077] Assuming coordinate points Affected by multiple blast holes, the cumulative entropy is:

[0078] ;

[0079] ;

[0080] in, Indicates The initial blasting entropy value released by a blasting hole at the moment of detonation is calculated by the explosive type and charge through a fitting function (i.e., type A function relationship). represents the location coordinates of the blast hole, is the detonation time of the hole. The blasting entropy starts from the blasting hole and diffuses outward at a certain energy propagation speed, which is determined by the type of geological medium in which the entropy propagates. Decide, record . The propagation distance is determined by the blast hole To any coordinate point in the three-dimensional geological structure Distance The propagation process of the explosion entropy in space will decay, and the entropy value will gradually decrease with the propagation distance and medium characteristics. This process is represented by the C-type function relationship, recorded as When a coordinate point When multiple blast hole entropy waves are generated, the cumulative entropy value is the sum of the blast entropies under all paths, which is recorded as On this basis, in order to consider the absorption and dissipation of energy by the medium itself, it is also necessary to introduce a type B function relationship to attenuate the accumulated entropy value, and obtain the final coordinate point at time The blow-up entropy value is expressed as , such as using an exponential decay model: ,in The current media type The entire propagation calculation process can be performed in discrete time steps. The next iteration is completed, thus obtaining the evolution process of the explosion entropy of each point in the three-dimensional space on the time axis.

[0081] Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the blowup entropy of each coordinate, and a stability threshold is preset for each medium. At the coordinate position (x, y, z), if the blowup entropy is greater than the corresponding stability threshold, the position (x, y, z) is judged to be unstable; otherwise, it is judged to be stable.

[0082] All unstable coordinate positions are counted. If the density of unstable coordinates in region T is greater than the preset value 1, the region T is predicted to be destroyed. If the density of unstable coordinates in any plane R (equivalent to the removal of a part) is greater than the preset value 2, the part outside the predicted plane R is removed. Figure 2As shown, the shadow represents the blasting target. If the unstable coordinate density in the plane where the dotted line is located is greater than the preset value 2, the blasting target will be directly cut off (the energy required is the least and the cost is definitely the lowest, but the feasibility is low, so it is necessary to optimize the parameters. If the removal is achieved, it will become the best solution).

[0083] On the time axis, when any area or plane achieves destruction or removal of the blasting target, synchronization is performed in the three-dimensional geological structure, and analysis is continued based on the synchronized three-dimensional geological structure until the blasting is completed, thereby achieving accumulation of the destroyed or removed parts in the three-dimensional geological structure.

[0084] After the blasting is completed, if the blasting target does not exist in the synchronized three-dimensional geological structure, the blasting target is judged to be completed; otherwise, it is judged to be a blasting failure. In fact, this is a comparison between the cumulative damage part and the target damage part; when the actual cumulative part contains the target part, it will be considered successful. In this embodiment, the "extra damaged part" will be measured at the same time, that is, the difference between the cumulative part and the target part (measured part-target part) is measured. When the blasting target is completed, this value is a positive number, indicating that there is an extra broken part; a threshold is usually set for this part. If it is greater than this threshold, it means excessive blasting. The extra broken part is controlled to be less than this threshold as a constraint condition in the blasting process. If the initial plan exceeds this threshold, it is necessary to remind and issue an early warning. At the same time, in the process of parameter optimization, it is directly used as a constraint condition, and the constraint blasting plan cannot make the "extra damaged part" greater than this threshold (it can be a preset value according to each plan; it can also be a preset percentage: the ratio between the volume of the "extra damaged part" and the volume of the blasting target).

[0085] If the "extra damaged part" is a negative value, it means the explosion failed.

[0086] The stability threshold includes, for the metering part represented by each coordinate in different media, a threshold for determining whether the explosion entropy can affect the structural stability.

[0087] In this embodiment, based on the dynamic response analysis of the blasting entropy of each coordinate point in the three-dimensional geological structure, a real-time, spatial judgment mechanism for the destruction state of the blasting target is realized, and a digital model reflecting the dynamic evolution of the blasting process is constructed by gradually accumulating it synchronously, which is used to guide the evaluation and optimization of automated blasting plans.

[0088] In the actual blasting process, the destruction of the target area is a continuous and non-instantaneous process, and its effect often depends on the combined effect of multi-point energy superposition and geological structure response. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately control whether the engineering goal is achieved in the intermediate process of blasting by relying solely on final state assessment.

[0089] By presetting the structural stability threshold for different geological media, the explosion entropy at each coordinate point is compared with the threshold to determine whether the point is unstable, and a stability evaluation model at the micro coordinate level is constructed. Furthermore, by statistically analyzing the density of unstable points in a macro region or plane, it is determined whether the target area meets the destruction conditions or whether it has been effectively removed, thereby aggregating the point response into the target achievement criteria for the surface and volume.

[0090] In addition, in order to support multi-time and multi-stage continuous blasting control, the system will synchronously update the damage area determined each time to the three-dimensional geological structure model, and continue to perform subsequent blasting simulation and entropy propagation analysis based on the new structural state, realizing closed-loop iteration and cumulative modeling of structural changes and energy field responses. This design enables the entire system to dynamically track the progress of target destruction, and to determine in real time whether the blasting is completed during the blasting process, providing decision-making basis and optimization direction, and improving the system's response speed, judgment accuracy and automation level.

[0091] S3: Predicting the blasting target through the energy analysis to obtain the estimated completion status of the blasting target under the current plan.

[0092] S4: Utilizing the blasting target, optimizing the blasting parameters to obtain an optimal solution for automated blasting.

[0093] For each blasting parameter, preset the adjustment step size; calculate the feasible value of each blasting parameter; the feasible value of the explosive type in each blasting hole: .

[0094] In each blast hole, the feasible value of the detonation time is: .

[0095] The feasible value of charge in each blast hole is: .

[0096] in, represents the kth explosive type, where k represents the number of optional explosive types; It indicates the qth optional moment of the detonation time on the time axis; q indicates the number of optional moments of the detonation time in the blast hole; represents the eth optional charge in the blast hole; e represents the optional value of the charge in the blast hole; before performing the optimization of the blasting scheme parameters, each blasting parameter (such as explosive type, detonation time, charge) is preset with a step size and a feasible value set according to the actual engineering conditions and system constraints to generate a candidate set of parameter combinations for each blast hole in the parameter space. This candidate set serves as the search basis for the optimization algorithm to ensure that the parameter optimization process is only carried out within the engineering allowable range, improve the solution efficiency and ensure feasibility. In the automated blasting system, the parameter configuration of each blast hole must meet multiple constraints such as safety, geological response, and explosive characteristics. For example, the type of explosive must match the medium conditions and water resistance requirements in the hole; the detonation time must be distributed within a controllable range; and the charge must be controlled within the limits of the explosive allowable density and hole volume. Therefore, the present invention sets an "optional range" and a "step size" for each blasting parameter, and generates a "parameter optional value set" for each hole accordingly.

[0097] Select any one parameter from KL, KQ, and KZ respectively to combine and obtain a set of blasting parameters as the parameter combination to be evaluated; for the parameter combination to be evaluated, estimate the completion of the blasting target, and obtain all the parameter combinations to be evaluated that meet the constraints and are expected to complete the blasting target as the parameter combination to be optimized.

[0098] For each parameter combination to be optimized, the charge amount of each explosive type is summed up to obtain all the explosive types used and the total charge amount of each explosive type under each parameter combination to be optimized.

[0099] The constraint condition is: the cumulative volume of the destroyed or removed parts minus the volume of the blasting target ≤ the preset value θ.

[0100] By combining the preset feasible value sets of blasting parameters (explosive type KL, detonation time KQ, and charge amount KZ), multiple groups of blasting parameter combinations to be evaluated are constructed, and the blasting target completion status of each combination is predicted and analyzed. High-quality schemes that meet the engineering constraints are further screened out as the solution set to be optimized for subsequent scheme selection and output.

[0101] In traditional blasting design, parameters are often set unidirectionally through manual experience, and it is difficult to systematically evaluate the synergistic effects between combinations. The present invention constructs a discrete feasible value set for each blasting hole, and uses a combinatorial algorithm to combine any set of parameters in KL, KQ, and KZ to generate a candidate set of solutions, thereby improving the coverage and intelligence of parameter exploration.

[0102] Based on the generated parameter combinations, the system simulates the blasting completion of each combination through the blasting entropy propagation mechanism to identify whether it can meet the destruction judgment conditions of the target area. At the same time, the engineering constraint condition is introduced, that is, the difference between the cumulative volume of the destroyed area and the blasting target volume shall not exceed the preset threshold value θ, so as to control the degree of "extra damage" and prevent the solution from causing excessive energy release while completing the task.

[0103] This design not only realizes the automatic judgment of whether the blasting target has been achieved, but also introduces the "safety margin" judgment logic through quantitative control of excessive destruction, providing hard constraint boundaries for scheme screening and subsequent optimization, and improving the rationality of the scheme, on-site feasibility and stability of system optimization.

[0104] S5: The estimated completion status and the optimal solution are obtained and sent to the lower computer respectively for guidance of the automated blasting solution.

[0105] According to the total charge of each type of explosive under each combination of parameters to be optimized, the scheme is selected according to the preset selection principle (which can be the minimum amount of explosives or the minimum cost. It can also be the lowest cost under the existing inventory constraints) and the final scheme is output.

[0106] In this embodiment, the objective function is:

[0107] .

[0108] That is: total cost = amount of various explosives used Unit price, find the minimum value among all solutions that meet the conditions.

[0109] Inventory constraints (hard constraints): .

[0110] That is, the amount of any explosive used in any plan shall not exceed the inventory amount.

[0111] Blasting target completion constraint: the blasting target does not exist in the three-dimensional geological structure after synchronization.

[0112] Additional destruction volume limit: .

[0113] in, Indicates taking the minimum value, represents the total cost, represents the unit purchase cost of the i-th type of explosive (in yuan / kg), Represents the available quantity (in kilograms) of the i-th type of explosive in the current inventory. represents the amount of explosives used, and k represents the type of explosives; represents the proportion of additional damage, Indicates the volume of the blasting target area, Represents the predicted cumulative damage volume.

[0114] Example 2 is the second embodiment of the present invention, which provides a solution optimization method based on automated blasting. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through experiments.

[0115] Three different geological sections of the tunnel construction project were selected to represent three typical blasting environments: hard rock area (granite), medium weathered rock area (gneiss), and interlayer area (shale interlayer). In each section, the same crushing target (volume of about 250m³) was set, and two schemes were used for comparative testing: one group was blasting parameters designed by traditional manual experience method, and the other group was optimized scheme generated by this method.

[0116] Hard rock area (granite) test:

[0117] The test section is located in the second section of the main tunnel. The rock mass is intact and the average uniaxial compressive strength reaches 145MPa. 72 blasting holes were arranged on site with a hole depth of 3.2 meters and a hole spacing of 1.2 meters, using a step-by-step hole arrangement method.

[0118] In the traditional scheme, the artificial design charge is 216kg, of which high-explosive explosives are used in a higher proportion, and the detonation delay is set to 50ms (two-stage sequence). After on-site measurement, the actual crushing volume is about 278m³, exceeding the target by 28m³, and the cost is 10,860 yuan. Some side walls have cracks that extend beyond the design line.

[0119] After optimization using this method, the system calculated the blasting entropy propagation model through the on-site geological parameters (wave speed 2700m / s), automatically generated a detonation delay of 75ms, and adjusted the explosive structure to mainly emulsified + ANFO, with the total amount controlled at 180kg. After on-site detonation, the measured destruction volume was 266m³, the additional destruction volume was 16m³, and the cost was reduced to 9020 yuan.

[0120] Medium weathering zone (gneiss) test:

[0121] The compressive strength of this section of rock is about 70MPa, and there are certain weathering cracks. The construction unit adopted a cross-hole layout method, with each group of blasting holes 2.8 meters deep and 1.1 meters apart.

[0122] In the traditional scheme, a mixed explosive scheme (190kg total) was designed, and the detonation delay was uniformly set to 25ms. The results showed that the crushing volume reached 272m³, exceeding the target by 22m³, and the cost was 9540 yuan. Due to insufficient entropy overlap in some areas, the crushing was not complete and the secondary rock drilling operation increased.

[0123] In the scheme of this method, according to the rock velocity of about 2000m / s and the development characteristics of local fissures in the geological area, the system automatically recommends adjusting the detonation delay to 50ms and reducing the charge to 168kg. The actual blasting effect meets the standard, the crushing volume is 265m³, the additional damage is 15m³, the cost is 8440 yuan, and there is no need for secondary rock drilling. The dust particle ratio after blasting is about 23% lower than that of the manual scheme, indicating that the energy use is more concentrated.

[0124] Interlayer area (soft and hard alternating zone) test:

[0125] This section has the most complex geology, with frequent shale-sandstone interlayers, inconsistent joint directions, and significant changes in wave velocity. The construction section is about 16 meters long, with 85 blasting holes, 0.9 meters apart, and a hole depth of 2.5 meters.

[0126] The traditional solution uses high-explosive velocity explosives + high charge density configuration, with a single-hole charge of up to 2.4kg and a detonation delay of 30ms. The measured crushing volume after blasting reached 289m³, exceeding the target by 39m³. Some areas experienced roof collapse, increasing safety risks and costs of 14,260 yuan. In addition, additional debris cleaning was required on site, delaying construction progress.

[0127] The present invention identifies the interlayer distribution and interface reflection characteristics in the geological model, uses the blasting entropy propagation model to calculate the energy offset trajectory in all directions, automatically adjusts the delay to 65ms, adjusts the charge structure to 202kg, and reduces the overall cost to 10,190 yuan. The measured destruction volume after blasting is 267m³, the additional destruction is 17m³, the boundary control is significantly improved, and no structural damage occurs in the subsequent construction area.

[0128] The above three sets of real-site test results show that this method significantly improves blasting accuracy and energy utilization under various geological conditions. As a key optimization parameter, the detonation delay is no longer manually set or evenly spaced in this method. Instead, it is dynamically solved based on the entropy energy transmission efficiency, structural superposition conditions, and medium reflection characteristics to form a "blasting energy directional focusing" mechanism, avoiding energy redundancy or attenuation caused by the incoordination of blasting wave interference in traditional methods.

[0129] In addition, in each test scenario, this method successfully reduced the total amount of explosives by more than 15%, reduced costs by more than 12%, and achieved effective compression of the additional destruction volume (controlled within <20m³), while no blasting blind area or secondary operation occurred, indicating that the proposed method is not only computationally advanced, but also feasible and economically valuable for on-site execution. Compared with traditional empirical methods, its adaptive ability in complex geological environments, systematic modeling of parameter structures, and precise control of detonation delay all show clear novelty and creativity.

[0130] Embodiment 3 is the third embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the first two embodiments in that:

[0131] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0132] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0133] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0134] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0135] Embodiment 4 is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a scheme optimization system based on automated blasting, including: an acquisition unit, which obtains the automated blasting scheme uploaded by a lower computer and the three-dimensional geological structure of the blasting object; an analysis unit, which performs energy analysis on the blasting parameters in the automated blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure; a prediction unit, which predicts the blasting target through the energy analysis to obtain the estimated completion status of the blasting target under the current scheme; an optimization unit, which uses the blasting target to perform parameter optimization on the blasting parameters to obtain the optimal scheme for automated blasting; and an output unit, which sends the estimated completion status and the optimal scheme to the lower computer respectively.

[0136] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scheme optimization method based on automated blasting, characterized in that: Including, obtaining the automated blasting plan uploaded by the lower computer and the three-dimensional geological structure of the blasting object; Performing energy analysis on blasting parameters in the automated blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure; The blasting target is predicted through the energy analysis to obtain the expected completion status of the blasting target under the current plan; Utilizing the blasting target, optimizing the blasting parameters to obtain an optimal solution for automated blasting; The estimated completion status and the optimal solution are obtained and sent to the lower computer for guidance of the automated blasting solution; The energy analysis includes: analyzing whether the blasting target can be achieved by constructing the concept of blasting entropy and analyzing the propagation and accumulation of the blasting entropy; The parameter optimization includes respectively presetting the adjustment step length for each blasting parameter; calculating the feasible value of each blasting parameter; In each blasting parameter, a feasible value of any parameter is selected and combined to obtain a set of blasting parameters as a parameter combination to be evaluated; for the parameter combination to be evaluated, the completion of the blasting target is estimated, and all parameter combinations to be evaluated that meet the constraint conditions and are expected to complete the blasting target are obtained as the parameter combination to be optimized; for each parameter combination to be optimized, the charge amount of each type of explosive is summed to obtain all types of explosives used under each parameter combination to be optimized and the total charge amount of each type of explosive; the constraint condition is: the cumulative volume of the destroyed or removed part-the volume of the blasting target ≤ the preset value θ.

2. The method for optimizing a solution based on automated blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automated blasting scheme includes a blasting target, a blasting location, a position of each blasting hole in the three-dimensional geological structure, and blasting parameters of each blasting hole; The blasting target includes the area that needs to be destroyed or removed in the blasting task; The three-dimensional geological structure includes a spatial data model formed by digitally modeling the spatial distribution, physical properties and structural characteristics of underground rock and soil bodies through geological structure survey technology.

3. A method for optimizing a solution based on automated blasting as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The blasting parameters include the type of explosive, detonation time, and charge amount.

4. A method for optimizing a solution based on automated blasting as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The explosion entropy includes fitting the charge amount and the energy released when the explosive explodes under each type of explosive, and obtaining a functional relationship between the energy released when the explosive explodes and the charge amount as a type A functional relationship; For each of the blasting parameters, in the A-type functional relationship, after matching the explosive type to the functional relationship a, the charge amount is input into the functional relationship a, and the energy released when the explosive explodes is output as the blasting entropy of the blasting parameter; Analyzing the propagation and accumulation of the blasting entropy includes, through the detonation time, detonating the explosives in each blasting hole on the time axis; assuming that when the explosives in each blasting hole explode, the blasting entropy propagates radially starting from the bottom of the blasting hole; By fitting the functional relationship between the attenuation of the explosion entropy at the same coordinate position and the size of the explosion entropy in different media, a type B functional relationship is obtained; By fitting the functional relationship between the attenuation of the blow-up entropy and the size of the blow-up entropy at the current coordinate position during the propagation process from the current coordinate position to the next coordinate position, a C-type functional relationship is obtained; Using the C-type functional relationship, on the time axis, according to the energy propagation speed, the explosion entropy is propagated at each coordinate position of the three-dimensional geological structure; During the propagation process, the blowup entropy at each coordinate position is accumulated, and the accumulated blowup entropy at each coordinate position is attenuated by using the Class B function relationship; Get the explosive entropy of each coordinate on the time axis.

5. A method for optimizing a solution based on automated blasting as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The expected completion includes a comprehensive analysis of the explosion entropy of each coordinate, a preset stability threshold for each medium, and in the coordinate position (x, y, z), if the explosion entropy is greater than the corresponding stability threshold, then the position (x, y, z) is judged to be unstable; otherwise, it is judged to be stable; All unstable coordinate positions are counted. If the density of unstable coordinates in region T is greater than the preset value 1, the region T is predicted to be destroyed. If the density of unstable coordinates in any plane R is greater than the preset value 2, the part outside the predicted plane R is removed. On the time axis, when any area or plane achieves destruction or removal of the blasting target, synchronization is performed in the three-dimensional geological structure, and analysis is continued based on the synchronized three-dimensional geological structure until the blasting is completed, thereby achieving accumulation of the destroyed or removed parts in the three-dimensional geological structure; After the blasting is completed, if the blasting target does not exist in the synchronized three-dimensional geological structure, it is determined that the blasting target is completed; Otherwise, it is judged as blasting failure; The stability threshold includes, for the metering part represented by each coordinate in different media, a threshold for determining whether the explosion entropy can affect the structural stability.

6. The method for optimizing a solution based on automated blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Possible values ​​for the explosive type in each blast hole: ; In each blast hole, the feasible value of the detonation time is: ; The feasible value of charge amount in each blast hole is: ; in, represents the kth explosive type, where k represents the number of optional explosive types; It indicates the qth optional moment of the detonation time on the time axis; q indicates the number of optional moments of the detonation time in the blast hole; It represents the e-th optional charge in the blasting hole; e represents the optional value of the charge in the blasting hole.

7. The method for optimizing a solution based on automated blasting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The optimal solution includes selecting the optimal solution according to the total charge amount of each type of explosive under each combination of parameters to be optimized based on a preset selection principle, and outputting a final solution.

8. A scheme optimization system based on automated blasting, using a scheme optimization method based on automated blasting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The acquisition unit obtains the automated blasting plan and the three-dimensional geological structure of the blasting object uploaded by the lower computer; An analysis unit, performing energy analysis on blasting parameters in the automated blasting scheme according to the three-dimensional geological structure; A prediction unit predicts the blasting target through the energy analysis to obtain the estimated completion status of the blasting target under the current plan; An optimization unit, using the blasting target, performs parameter optimization on the blasting parameters to obtain an optimal solution for automated blasting; The output unit obtains the estimated completion status and the optimal solution and sends them to the lower computer respectively.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements the steps of a solution optimization method based on automated blasting as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a solution optimization method based on automated blasting according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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