Fuel cell integrated controller and heat dissipation control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell integrated controller and a heat dissipation control method thereof, a direct current boost converter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen pump controller and a high pressure water pump controller are all arranged in a box body of the integrated controller, and the main input of the direct current boost converter is directly connected with the output of a galvanic pile through a copper bar; the main output of the direct-current boost converter is connected with a high-voltage system of the whole vehicle through a high-voltage wire harness; the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller are all directly connected to the main output of the direct-current boost converter in parallel through copper bars. A cooling inlet is formed in the center of the top of a box body of the fuel cell integrated controller and used for allowing a cooling medium to enter; and a plurality of ventilation valves are arranged at the bottom of the box body, are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the box body and are used for discharging the cooling medium. The fuel cell integrated controller is safe, reliable and clear in structure, and energy waste of the air compressor is reduced while the heat dissipation efficiency is ensured through a heat dissipation control method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell integrated controller and a heat dissipation control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the fuel cell system controller, fuel cell high-pressure water pump controller, fuel cell high-pressure hydrogen circulation pump controller, fuel cell air compressor controller and fuel cell DC boost converter are all separate controllers, all with a main control chip. When they are arranged, they are mostly arranged in a decentralized manner. This arrangement requires a larger layout space and will cause high and low voltage wiring harnesses to go back and forth on the vehicle, making the layout messy. This not only increases the weight and cost of the fuel cell system, but also reduces the power volume density of the fuel cell system. Since multiple electrical components of the fuel cell system are independent and scattered from each other, the electrical architecture is relatively complex, which is not conducive to the integrated layout and commercial cost reduction of the fuel cell system; on the other hand, the functional safety of fuel cell vehicles is currently poor. Once a major traffic accident occurs during operation, the fuel cell system will be disconnected from the high-voltage wiring harness of the vehicle's power battery.

[0003] At the same time, multiple controllers all require heat dissipation, and the independent cooling pipelines of each controller are complex and difficult to arrange, and the reliability is low. For integrated controllers, the prior art uses a water cooling mode, which has high requirements on the waterproof and corrosion resistance of the controller housing, increasing the manufacturing cost.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a fuel cell integrated controller and a heat dissipation control method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a fuel cell integrated controller and a heat dissipation control method thereof, with the aim of providing a safe, reliable and clearly structured fuel cell integrated controller, and optimizing the heat dissipation method of the controller, so as to reduce the energy waste of the air compressor while ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency through the control method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fuel cell integrated controller, comprising: a box, a DC boost converter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen pump controller, and a high-pressure water pump controller, wherein the DC boost converter, the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller are all arranged in the box, and the main input interface and the main input interface of the DC boost converter are both arranged on the box;

[0008] The main input of the DC boost converter is directly connected to the output of the battery stack using a copper busbar, and the main output of the DC boost converter is connected to the high-voltage system of the vehicle through a high-voltage wiring harness; the air compressor controller, hydrogen pump controller and high-pressure water pump controller are all directly connected in parallel to the main output of the DC boost converter through a copper busbar;

[0009] The top center of the box of the fuel cell integrated controller is provided with a cooling inlet for the cooling medium to enter; the bottom of the box is provided with a plurality of ventilation valves, which are evenly distributed at the bottom of the box and are used for the cooling medium to discharge.

[0010] Furthermore, the fuel cell integrated controller also includes a data acquisition module, an internal communication module and a public storage unit. The data acquisition module is used to collect the voltage and current signals input and output by the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; the internal communication module is used for the communication of command reception and status feedback of the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; the public storage unit is used to run the control logic and / or algorithm of each controller in the fuel cell system; the public storage unit is also used for data storage.

[0011] Furthermore, the output of the air compressor controller is connected to the air compressor of the fuel cell to control the operation of the air compressor; the output of the hydrogen pump controller is connected to the hydrogen pump of the fuel cell to control the operation of the hydrogen pump; the output of the high-pressure water pump controller is connected to the high-pressure water pump of the fuel cell to control the operation of the high-pressure water pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the fuel cell integrated controller also includes a parallel bus, which is used to interact with the data acquisition module; interact with the DC boost converter, the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; and interact with the internal communication module.

[0013] Furthermore, the fuel cell integrated controller also includes a filtering network, a power drive circuit, and a sensor: the filtering network is used to filter out the ripple in the rectified output voltage, process signal suppression and prevent interference; the power drive circuit is used to control the operation of the air compressor, hydrogen pump, and water pump; the sensor is used to detect the current and voltage of the circuit.

[0014] Furthermore, the fuel cell integrated controller also includes a shared low-voltage power supply, a high-voltage copper busbar and a communication interface. The shared low-voltage power supply is used to provide working power to the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller; the high-voltage copper busbar is used to connect the output of the fuel cell stack, and is also used for connecting the high-voltage input power supply of the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller; the communication interface is arranged on the box body for interacting with an external communication module.

[0015] The present invention also provides a heat dissipation control method based on the above-mentioned fuel cell integrated controller, wherein the integrated controller uses the gas provided by the fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem to dissipate heat;

[0016] Part of the gas from the oxygen supply subsystem enters through the cooling inlet at the top center of the integrated controller box to dissipate heat from the controller. Continuous cooling gas input is used to dissipate heat inside the integrated controller box and is discharged from the air vent at the bottom of the box.

[0017] Control system heat dissipation by controlling the air mass flow entering the cooling inlet of the integrated controller.

[0018] Furthermore, the fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem includes: an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, and a cathode tail exhaust valve. The air filter is connected to the inlet of the air compressor, and the outlet of the air compressor is provided with a T-shaped pipe. One branch of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the intercooler, and the intercooler is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the cathode tail exhaust valve; the other branch of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the flow control valve, and the flow control valve is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube, the hot end outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the gas exhaust pipe, and the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the cooling inlet of the integrated controller.

[0019] Furthermore, part of the high-pressure air obtained after the air compressor enters the vortex tube under the control of the flow control valve and is separated into low-temperature air and high-temperature air. The separated low-temperature air is used to cool the integrated controller.

[0020] The flow control valve is used to control the air mass flow m at the vortex tube inlet. The air mass flow m at the vortex tube inlet is calculated according to the following formula:

[0021] m=m_co / μ (1);

[0022] Where m_co is the air mass flow rate at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, and μ is the cold flow rate of the vortex tube.

[0023] Furthermore, the calculation method of the air mass flow m_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is as follows:

[0024] Q_was=m_co*(h_co-h) (2);

[0025] In the formula, Q_was is the heat that the controller cooling system needs to take away per unit time; h_co is the air enthalpy at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the temperature T_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube; h is the air enthalpy at the inlet of the vortex tube, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the temperature T at the inlet of the vortex tube, where T is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity;

[0026] The calculation method of the heat Q_was that the controller cooling system needs to take away per unit time is as follows:

[0027] Q_was = Q_ther (3);

[0028] Wherein, Q_ther is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity;

[0029] The calculation method of the temperature T_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is as follows:

[0030] T_co=T_out-Q_was / m_co*C (4);

[0031] Where, T_out is the temperature of the controller cooling outlet, and C is the specific heat capacity of air;

[0032] The calculation method of the controller cooling outlet temperature T_out is as follows:

[0033] T_out = T_cont (5);

[0034] Wherein, T_cont is the temperature of the controller, and T_cont is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity;

[0035] The air mass flow rate m_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is solved by combining equations (2), (3), (4) and (5).

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] (1) By designing an integrated controller, not only can the fuel cell system structure be made more compact, but the electrical architecture can also be simplified, reducing the use of high-voltage wiring harnesses. By setting a cooling inlet in the center of the top of the integrated controller box and evenly setting a number of air valves at the bottom of the box, gas heat dissipation is utilized without the need for a complex water-cooled cooling pipeline design. With air intake at the top and air outlet at the bottom, the gas can be fully retained inside the controller, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0038] (2) The high-pressure airflow of the air compressor is separated by a vortex tube and cooled by the vortex tube. The structure is simple and there is no need to add too many pipelines and other components. The low-temperature air separated by the vortex tube is used to dissipate heat for the integrated controller. The air mass flow at the inlet of the vortex tube is controlled in combination with a flow control valve, thereby controlling the air mass flow entering the integrated controller. By accurately calculating the air mass flow required for the heat dissipation of the controller, the heat dissipation efficiency is guaranteed while reducing the energy waste of the air compressor.

[0039] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the integrated fuel cell controller according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem and the integrated controller according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Air filter; 2. Air compressor; 3. Intercooler; 4. Fuel cell stack; 5. Cathode tail exhaust valve; 6. Flow control valve; 7. Vortex tube; 8. Integrated controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell integrated controller, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell integrated controller includes: a box, a DC boost converter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen pump controller, and a high-pressure water pump controller. The DC boost converter, the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller are all arranged in the box, and the main input interface and the main input interface of the DC boost converter are both arranged on the box;

[0046] The main input of the DC boost converter is directly connected to the output of the battery stack using a copper busbar, and the main output of the DC boost converter is connected to the high-voltage system of the vehicle through a high-voltage wiring harness; the air compressor controller, hydrogen pump controller and high-pressure water pump controller are all directly connected in parallel to the main output of the DC boost converter through a copper busbar;

[0047] The top center of the box of the fuel cell integrated controller is provided with a cooling inlet for the cooling medium to enter; the bottom of the box is provided with a plurality of ventilation valves, which are evenly distributed at the bottom of the box and are used for the cooling medium to discharge.

[0048] The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a data acquisition module, an internal communication module and a public storage unit. The data acquisition module is used to collect voltage and current signals input and output by the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; the internal communication module is used for communication of command reception and status feedback of the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; the public storage unit is used to run the control logic and / or algorithm of each controller in the fuel cell system; and the public storage unit is also used for data storage.

[0049] The output of the air compressor controller is connected to the air compressor of the fuel cell to control the operation of the air compressor; the output of the hydrogen pump controller is connected to the hydrogen pump of the fuel cell to control the operation of the hydrogen pump; the output of the high-pressure water pump controller is connected to the high-pressure water pump of the fuel cell to control the operation of the high-pressure water pump.

[0050] The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a parallel bus, which is used to interact with a data acquisition module; interact with a DC boost converter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen pump controller, and a high-pressure water pump controller; and interact with an internal communication module.

[0051] The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a filter network, a power drive circuit, and a sensor: the filter network is used to filter out the ripple in the rectified output voltage, process signal suppression and prevent interference; the power drive circuit is used to control the operation of the air compressor, hydrogen pump, and water pump; the sensor is used to detect the current and voltage of the circuit to achieve precise control.

[0052] The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a shared low-voltage power supply, a high-voltage copper busbar and a communication interface. The shared low-voltage power supply is used to provide working power to the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller; the high-voltage copper busbar is used to connect the output of the fuel cell stack, and is also used to connect the high-voltage input power supply of the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller; the communication interface is arranged on the box body for interacting with an external communication module.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention also proposes a heat dissipation control method based on the above-mentioned fuel cell integrated controller, wherein the integrated controller uses the gas provided by the fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem to dissipate heat;

[0054] Part of the gas from the oxygen supply subsystem enters through the cooling inlet at the top center of the integrated controller box to dissipate heat from the controller. Continuous cooling gas input is used to dissipate heat inside the integrated controller box and is discharged from the air vent at the bottom of the box.

[0055] Control system heat dissipation by controlling the air mass flow entering the cooling inlet of the integrated controller.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem includes: an air filter 1, an air compressor 2, an intercooler 3, and a cathode tail exhaust valve 5. The air filter 1 is connected to the inlet of the air compressor 2, and the outlet of the air compressor 2 is provided with a T-shaped pipe. One branch of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the intercooler 3, and the intercooler 3 is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack 4, and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack 4 is connected to the cathode tail exhaust valve 5; the other branch of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the flow control valve 6, and the flow control valve 6 is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube 7. The hot end outlet of the vortex tube 7 is connected to the gas exhaust pipe, and the cold end outlet of the vortex tube 7 is connected to the cooling inlet of the integrated controller 8.

[0057] The high-pressure air obtained after the air compressor 2, under the control of the flow control valve 6, partially enters the vortex tube 7 and is separated into low-temperature air and high-temperature air. The separated low-temperature air is used to cool the integrated controller 8;

[0058] The flow control valve is used to control the air mass flow m at the vortex tube inlet. The air mass flow m at the vortex tube inlet is calculated according to the following formula:

[0059] m=m_co / μ (1);

[0060] Where m_co is the air mass flow rate at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, and μ is the cold flow rate of the vortex tube.

[0061] The cold flow rate μ of the vortex tube is one of the performance indicators of the vortex tube, which is mainly determined by the structure of the vortex tube. Vortex tubes with different structures have different cold flow rates. The cold flow rate μ of the vortex tube can be obtained by referring to the instruction manual of the vortex tube, which is a known quantity.

[0062] The calculation method of the air mass flow m_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is as follows:

[0063] Q_was=m_co*(h_co-h) (2);

[0064] In the formula, Q_was is the heat that the controller cooling system needs to take away per unit time; h_co is the air enthalpy at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the temperature T_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube; h is the air enthalpy at the inlet of the vortex tube, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the temperature T at the inlet of the vortex tube, where T is a function related to the stack current I, and the functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity.

[0065] The calculation method of the heat Q_was that the controller cooling system needs to take away per unit time is as follows:

[0066] Q_was = Q_ther (3);

[0067] Wherein, Q_ther is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity.

[0068] The calculation method of the temperature T_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is as follows:

[0069] T_co=T_out-Q_was / m_co*C (4);

[0070] Where T_out is the temperature of the controller cooling outlet, and C is the specific heat capacity of air.

[0071] The calculation method of the controller cooling outlet temperature T_out is as follows:

[0072] T_out = T_cont (5);

[0073] Wherein, T_cont is the temperature of the controller, wherein T_cont is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity.

[0074] The air mass flow rate m_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is solved by combining equations (2), (3), (4) and (5).

[0075] By designing an integrated controller, not only can the fuel cell system structure be made more compact, but the electrical architecture can also be simplified, reducing the use of high-voltage wiring harnesses. By setting a cooling inlet in the top center of the integrated controller box and evenly setting a number of air valves at the bottom of the box, gas heat dissipation is utilized without the need for a complicated water-cooled cooling pipeline design. With air intake at the top and air outlet at the bottom, the gas can be fully retained inside the controller, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0076] The high-pressure airflow of the air compressor is separated by a vortex tube, and the vortex tube is used for cooling. The structure is simple, and there is no need to add too many pipelines and other components. The low-temperature air separated by the vortex tube is used to dissipate heat for the integrated controller, and the air mass flow at the inlet of the vortex tube is controlled in combination with the flow control valve, thereby controlling the air mass flow entering the integrated controller. By accurately calculating the air mass flow required for heat dissipation of the controller, the heat dissipation efficiency is guaranteed while reducing the energy waste of the air compressor.

[0077] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell integrated controller, characterized in that: The fuel cell integrated controller comprises: a box, a DC boost converter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen pump controller, and a high-pressure water pump controller, wherein the DC boost converter, the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller are all arranged in the box, and the main input interface and the main input interface of the DC boost converter are both arranged on the box; The main input of the DC boost converter is directly connected to the output of the battery stack using a copper busbar, and the main output of the DC boost converter is connected to the high-voltage system of the vehicle through a high-voltage wiring harness; the air compressor controller, hydrogen pump controller and high-pressure water pump controller are all directly connected in parallel to the main output of the DC boost converter through a copper busbar; The top center of the box of the fuel cell integrated controller is provided with a cooling inlet for the cooling medium to enter; the bottom of the box is provided with a plurality of ventilation valves, which are evenly distributed at the bottom of the box and are used for the cooling medium to discharge.

2. The fuel cell integrated controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a data acquisition module, an internal communication module and a public storage unit. The data acquisition module is used to collect voltage and current signals input and output by the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; the internal communication module is used for communication of command reception and status feedback of the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller, and the high-pressure water pump controller; the public storage unit is used to run the control logic and / or algorithm of each controller in the fuel cell system; and the public storage unit is also used for data storage.

3. The fuel cell integrated controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output of the air compressor controller is connected to the air compressor of the fuel cell to control the operation of the air compressor; the output of the hydrogen pump controller is connected to the hydrogen pump of the fuel cell to control the operation of the hydrogen pump; the output of the high-pressure water pump controller is connected to the high-pressure water pump of the fuel cell to control the operation of the high-pressure water pump.

4. The fuel cell integrated controller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a parallel bus, which is used to interact with a data acquisition module; interact with a DC boost converter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen pump controller, and a high-pressure water pump controller; and interact with an internal communication module.

5. The fuel cell integrated controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a filter network, a power drive circuit, and a sensor: the filter network is used to filter out the ripple in the rectified output voltage, process signal suppression and prevent interference; the power drive circuit is used to control the operation of the air compressor, hydrogen pump, and water pump; the sensor is used to detect the current and voltage of the circuit.

6. The fuel cell integrated controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuel cell integrated controller also includes a shared low-voltage power supply, a high-voltage copper busbar and a communication interface. The shared low-voltage power supply is used to provide working power to the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller; the high-voltage copper busbar is used to connect the output of the fuel cell stack, and is also used to connect the high-voltage input power supply of the air compressor controller, the hydrogen pump controller and the high-pressure water pump controller; the communication interface is arranged on the box body for interacting with an external communication module.

7. A heat dissipation control method based on the fuel cell integrated controller according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The integrated controller utilizes gas provided by the fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem to dissipate heat; Part of the gas from the oxygen supply subsystem enters through the cooling inlet at the top center of the integrated controller box to dissipate heat from the controller. Continuous cooling gas input is used to dissipate heat inside the integrated controller box and is discharged from the air vent at the bottom of the box. Control system heat dissipation by controlling the air mass flow entering the cooling inlet of the integrated controller.

8. The heat dissipation control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fuel cell oxygen supply subsystem includes: an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, and a cathode tail exhaust valve. The air filter is connected to the inlet of the air compressor, and the outlet of the air compressor is provided with a T-shaped pipe. One branch of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the intercooler, and the intercooler is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the cathode tail exhaust valve; the other branch of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the flow control valve, and the flow control valve is connected to the inlet of the vortex tube. The hot end outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the gas exhaust pipe, and the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is connected to the cooling inlet of the integrated controller.

9. The heat dissipation control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-pressure air obtained after the air compressor, under the control of the flow control valve, partially enters the vortex tube and is separated into low-temperature air and high-temperature air. The separated low-temperature air is used to cool the integrated controller; The flow control valve is used to control the air mass flow m at the vortex tube inlet. The air mass flow m at the vortex tube inlet is calculated according to the following formula: m=m_co / μ (1); Where m_co is the air mass flow rate at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, and μ is the cold flow rate of the vortex tube.

10. The heat dissipation control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The calculation method of the air mass flow m_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is as follows: Q_was=m_co*(h_co-h) (2); In the formula, Q_was is the heat that the controller cooling system needs to take away per unit time; h_co is the air enthalpy at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the temperature T_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube; h is the air enthalpy at the inlet of the vortex tube, which is obtained by looking up the table according to the temperature T at the inlet of the vortex tube, where T is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity; The calculation method of the heat Q_was that the controller cooling system needs to take away per unit time is as follows: Q_was = Q_ther (3); Wherein, Q_ther is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity; The calculation method of the temperature T_co at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is as follows: T_co=T_out-Q_was / m_co*C (4); Where, T_out is the temperature of the controller cooling outlet, and C is the specific heat capacity of air; The calculation method of the controller cooling outlet temperature T_out is as follows: T_out = T_cont (5); Wherein, T_cont is the temperature of the controller, and T_cont is a function related to the stack current I, and its functional relationship is obtained through testing and is regarded as a known quantity; The air mass flow rate mco at the cold end outlet of the vortex tube is solved by combining equations (2), (3), (4) and (5).

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