Channel information feedback method based on finite element

Abstract

The invention discloses a finite element-based channel information feedback method, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and comprises the following steps of: setting a quantized codebook sequence for channel information of a receiving end, and starting iteration of an algorithm by combining a distortion function according to an optimization mechanism of a communication system capacity maximum rule until the distortion function meets a condition, and if not, stopping iteration, determining that the codebook when stopping iteration is the channel information needing to be fed back in the sequence, and feeding back the channel information. According to the invention, effective information can be fed back to the transmitting end only by a small number of bits in the process of channel information feedback based on the codebook, so that normal communication bandwidth resources are occupied to the minimum extent, and the communication efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a channel information feedback method based on finite elements. Background Art

[0002] In modern communication systems such as 5G, the transmission power and rate of communication signals change dynamically according to the channel quality information. The optimization mechanism of transmission power and rate allocation is based on the fact that the transmitter can effectively receive the real-time channel information fed back by the receiver in real time. Based on the above analysis, how to effectively feed back the channel information from the receiver to the transmitter without occupying too much existing communication resources is a key step to achieve efficient resource allocation and communication. Therefore, how to realize channel information feedback by rationally utilizing existing communication resources to improve communication efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved in the production process of enterprises. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a channel information feedback method based on finite elements to solve the problem of how to feed back channel information from a receiving end to a transmitting end without occupying too much existing communication resources.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the method of the present invention allocates the transmission power between different channels based on the communication capacity maximization mechanism to select the required sequence. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0005] 1) setting a codebook for channel information quantization, where the codebook size is determined according to the number of bits of feedback used, generating a number of training sequence vectors, where the number of the training sequence vectors is greater than the codebook size for channel information quantization, selecting training sequence vectors with the same number as the codebook size from the several training sequence vectors to form a starting codebook, and starting iteration;

[0006] 2) Divide the iterative training sequence vectors into groups with the same number as the codebook size according to the set rules;

[0007] 3) Select a new training sequence vector in each group according to the communication system capacity maximization rule to form a new codebook;

[0008] 4) Determine the change in the value of the distortion function according to the distortion function. If the change satisfies the set distortion improvement threshold, the iteration is stopped, and the starting codebook is used as the required feedback codebook information to perform channel information feedback. Otherwise, the new codebook is used as the starting codebook to restart the iteration under the condition of continuing the iteration.

[0009] The beneficial effect is as follows: the method of the present invention first sets a quantized codebook sequence for the channel information of the receiving end, and then starts the iteration of the algorithm in combination with the distortion function according to the optimization mechanism of maximizing the capacity of the communication system, until the value of the distortion function no longer decreases (the minimum value of the distortion function is found), and determines that the codebook is the channel information that needs to be fed back in the sequence. Therefore, the process of performing channel information feedback based on this codebook only requires a small number of bits to feed back effective information to the transmitting end, which minimizes the occupation of normal communication bandwidth resources and improves communication efficiency.

[0010] Based on the above, in step 1), the calculation formula of the codebook size H is: H = 2 K , where K is the number of feedback bits used.

[0011] Based on the above, in step 1), a random selection method is used to select the training sequence vectors (T i |i=0,1,2…M) selects the same number of training sequence vectors as the codebook size to form the starting codebook

[0012] The method of the present invention obtains the starting codebook by randomly selecting from the training sequence vector. This random selection method is simple and does not require initial calculation.

[0013] Based on the above, in step 2), the setting rules are: q=1,2,...,H.

[0014] Based on the above, in step 3), the formula for selecting a new training sequence vector in each group according to the communication system capacity maximization rule is:

[0015]

[0016] Where N is the number of communication channels, SNR n is the signal-to-noise ratio of the nth channel, P tot is the total transmit power of the transmitter.

[0017] Based on the above, in step 4), the distortion function is:

[0018]

[0019] Based on the above, in step 4), if It is determined that the change amount meets the set distortion improvement threshold.

[0020] In the present invention, a distortion improvement threshold ε is set, and this positive number close to but not equal to zero is used to determine whether the value of the distortion function is no longer reduced (to find the minimum value of the distortion function).

[0021] Based on the above, in step 4), the number of bits required to be fed back is determined according to the required feedback codebook information.

[0022] Based on the above, in step 4), the number of bits required to be fed back is determined according to B=log2H, where H is the codebook size corresponding to the required feedback codebook information.

[0023] The method based on the present invention can also determine the required number of feedback bits of the sequence.

[0024] Based on the above, a maximum number of iterations is also set in step 1), and the condition for continuing iteration in step 4) is that the number of iterations does not reach the maximum number of iterations.

[0025] The limitation of the maximum number of iterations in the present invention can prevent the calculation program from falling into an infinite loop, and can also control the calculation accuracy and calculation time.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are specifically cited and described in detail as follows. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment of channel information feedback method based on finite element

[0029] This embodiment proposes a method based on finite element feedback. Specifically, the channel information received by the receiving end is quantized and then fed back to the transmitting end using a small number of bits. The innovation lies in that the method of this embodiment quantizes the channel information and then starts the iteration of the algorithm in combination with the defined distortion function according to the optimization mechanism such as maximizing the capacity of the communication system until the value of the distortion function no longer decreases (the minimum value of the distortion function is found), and it is determined that the codebook is the channel information that needs to be fed back in the sequence, and the corresponding number of feedback bits is determined accordingly. Only a small number of bits are needed to feed back the effective information to the transmitting end, which minimizes the occupation of normal communication bandwidth resources and improves communication efficiency.

[0030] First, a codebook is designed to quantize the channel information. The codebook size is H = 2 K, K is the number of feedback bits used, and then a training sequence vector (T i |i=0,1,2…m),M>>H. On this basis, our algorithm can be described as follows:

[0031] Step 1: Select training sequence vectors whose number is the same as the codebook size from the plurality of training sequence vectors to form a starting codebook, and start iteration.

[0032] In this embodiment, the initial value of the number of iterations j=1, and then from the training sequence vector (T i |i=0,1,2…M) randomly selects the starting codebook Then start iterating.

[0033] When training a vector quantization codebook, the initial codebook may be generated by a random selection method, a splitting method, a chain mapping method, etc. This embodiment adopts random selection and generation, which has the advantage of being simple and does not require initial calculation.

[0034] In addition, this embodiment takes into account the possibility that the computer program may fall into an infinite loop during the iteration process. Therefore, this embodiment also sets a maximum number of iterations. The maximum number of iterations can be set to a specific number to ensure that the algorithm is completed within a given time. The maximum number of iterations can also be regarded as a means of quality control to ensure the correctness and stability of the calculation results.

[0035] Step 2: Divide the iterative training sequence vectors into groups with the same number as the codebook size according to the set rules.

[0036] The iterative training vectors are divided into H groups, which are described as follows:

[0037] q=1,2,…,H

[0038] Step 3: Select a new training sequence vector in each group according to the communication system capacity maximization rule to form a new codebook.

[0039] In order to select the required feedback codebook content and determine the specific number of bits required for feedback, it is necessary to clarify and utilize the transmitter resource optimization mechanism to allocate the transmission power between different channels based on the communication capacity maximization mechanism. This uses the optimization principle as an example to illustrate how to select the sequence we need and how to determine the number of feedback bits required for the sequence. Power allocation vector Defined as:

[0040]

[0041] Where N is the number of communication channels, SNR n is the signal-to-noise ratio of the nth channel, P totis the total transmit power of the transmitter.

[0042] Step 4: Determine the change in the value of the distortion function according to the distortion function. If the change satisfies the set distortion improvement threshold, stop the iteration, and use the starting codebook as the required feedback codebook information to perform channel information feedback. Otherwise, if the conditions for continuing the iteration are met, use the new codebook as the starting codebook to restart the iteration.

[0043] This embodiment defines a distortion function: as follows:

[0044]

[0045] According to this function, the principle of algorithm iteration is: if Stop the iteration process and set Otherwise, j=j+1 is set, and the iteration is continued back to the second step. After the iteration is completed and the selected codebook information to be fed back is determined, the system only needs to feed back B=log2H bits of information to the transmitter.

[0046] This embodiment uses a very small positive number ε to set the distortion improvement threshold, where ε is used in limits and calculus to represent numbers close to but different from zero. The algorithm iteration starts according to the distortion function defined in combination with this embodiment until the value of the distortion function no longer decreases (the minimum value of the distortion function is found), and it is determined that the codebook is the channel information that needs to be fed back in the sequence, and the corresponding number of feedback bits is determined accordingly.

[0047] In order to prevent the computer program from falling into an infinite loop and ensure that the algorithm is completed within a given time, and to ensure the correctness and stability of the calculation results, this embodiment stops the iteration process when the maximum number of iterations is reached.

[0048] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A channel information feedback method based on finite element, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) setting a codebook for channel information quantization, where the codebook size is determined according to the number of bits of feedback used, generating a number of training sequence vectors, where the number of the training sequence vectors is greater than the codebook size for channel information quantization, selecting training sequence vectors with the same number as the codebook size from the several training sequence vectors to form a starting codebook, and starting iteration; 2) Divide the iterative training sequence vectors into groups with the same number as the codebook size according to the set rules; 3) Select a new training sequence vector in each group according to the communication system capacity maximization rule to form a new codebook; 4) Determine the change in the value of the distortion function according to the distortion function. If the change satisfies the set distortion improvement threshold, the iteration is stopped, and the starting codebook is used as the required feedback codebook information to perform channel information feedback. Otherwise, the new codebook is used as the starting codebook to restart the iteration under the condition of continuing the iteration.

2. The finite element-based channel information feedback method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the calculation formula of the codebook size H is: H = 2 K , where K is the number of feedback bits used.

3. The finite element-based channel information feedback method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1), a random selection method is used to select the training sequence vectors (T i |i=0,1,2…M) selects the same number of training sequence vectors as the codebook size to form a starting codebook 4. The finite element-based channel information feedback method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2), the setting rule is: q=1,2,...,H.

5. The finite element-based channel information feedback method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 3), the formula for selecting a new training sequence vector in each group according to the communication system capacity maximization rule is: Where N is the number of communication channels, SNR n is the signal-to-noise ratio of the nth channel, P tot is the total transmit power of the transmitter.

6. The finite element-based channel information feedback method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 4), the distortion function is:

7. The finite element based channel information feedback method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4), if It is determined that the change amount meets the set distortion improvement threshold.

8. The finite element based channel information feedback method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the number of bits required to be fed back is determined according to the required feedback codebook information.

9. The finite element-based channel information feedback method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4), the number of bits required for feedback is determined according to B=log2H, where H is the codebook size corresponding to the required feedback codebook information.

10. The finite element based channel information feedback method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), a maximum number of iterations is also set. In step 4), the condition for continuing iteration is that the number of iterations does not reach the maximum number of iterations.

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