Electronic equipment, vehicle and audio playing method
By using acoustic dipole units in electronic devices, the sound pressure level is reduced by using the interference depletion plane, the sound leakage problem of electronic devices during sound production is solved, and the user's privacy and listening experience are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311527393.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
AI Technical Summary
When an electronic device with playback function makes a sound, some of the sound information will be transmitted to other people around you, resulting in serious sound leakage, affecting the user's privacy and listening experience.
Using acoustic dipole units, two sound sources that are very close to each other have the same vibration amplitude but opposite phases, forming an interference depletion plane to reduce the sound pressure level.
It effectively reduces the sound leakage of electronic devices, improves user privacy and listening experience, and ensures that sound information is mainly transmitted in the listening area.
Smart Images
Figure CN120018024A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to an electronic device, a vehicle and an audio playing method. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of the electronics industry, electronic devices with playback functions have also emerged rapidly. That is, sound-generating components and microphones are added to conventional electronic devices to enable the electronic devices to play music and make calls.
[0003] For users, the electronic device with playback function can be regarded as a near-field sound source, so its low sound pressure level can satisfy the user's listening. However, in order to obtain a higher subjective listening signal-to-noise ratio, the electronic device with playback function has a more serious sound leakage, and part of the sound information will be transmitted to other people around when it sounds.
[0004] Public Content
[0005] The present disclosure provides an electronic device, a vehicle and an audio playback method, the main purpose of which is to reduce sound leakage of the electronic device.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: at least one acoustic dipole unit, the acoustic dipole unit comprising a first sound-emitting element and a second sound-emitting element; wherein,
[0007] The interference cancellation plane corresponding to the acoustic dipole unit is the sound leakage prevention area corresponding to the electronic device, and the sound pressure level corresponding to the interference cancellation plane is less than the sound pressure level threshold.
[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the frequency response corresponding to the first sound emitting element is the same as the frequency response corresponding to the second sound emitting element.
[0009] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first sound emitting element and the second sound emitting element are arranged along the target direction, a plane passing through any point on the line between the first sound emitting element and the second sound emitting element and having a normal direction in the target direction is an interference destructive plane.
[0010] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the input signal corresponding to the first sound emitting element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound emitting element are in anti-phase with each other.
[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device includes a listening area; wherein,
[0012] There is no overlap between the listening area and the sound prevention area.
[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one acoustic dipole unit includes a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit;
[0014] The first acoustic dipole unit is located at one side of the listening area, and the second acoustic dipole unit is located at the other side of the listening area.
[0015] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound-emitting element is a speaker.
[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device is a headrest.
[0017] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising any electronic device shown in the aforementioned aspect.
[0018] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an audio playback method, which is used in the electronic device shown above, wherein the electronic device comprises a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit;
[0019] The method comprises:
[0020] Signals are input respectively to the first sound element and the second sound element in the first acoustic dipole unit and the third sound element and the fourth sound element in the second acoustic dipole unit, the input signal corresponding to the first sound element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound element are inverted to each other, and the input signal corresponding to the third sound element and the input signal corresponding to the fourth sound element are inverted to each other.
[0021] In summary, the electronic device, vehicle and audio playback method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, by setting the sound-emitting elements in the form of acoustic dipoles, can effectively reduce the sound leakage of the electronic device based on the characteristic that the normal sound pressure of the acoustic dipole is much smaller than the sound pressure in the normal direction due to interference destructiveness.
[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description or learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Figure 2 A directivity diagram of two sound-emitting elements with the same polarity provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Figure 3 A directivity diagram of two sound-emitting elements with opposite polarities provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0027] Figure 4 A directivity diagram of two sound-emitting elements with opposite polarities at different sound-emitting frequencies provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0028] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a headrest provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present disclosure include all changes, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.
[0030] It should be noted that, for electronic devices with playback functions, in addition to sound quality, privacy requirements are also particularly important, that is, in addition to the user being able to hear the playback content clearly, it is also necessary to prevent others from being able to hear the playback content clearly.
[0031] For example, the headrest speakers are located close to the driver or the corresponding passenger, and have an independent listening area compared to other speaker audio equipment in the car, which can provide a more personalized experience for the passengers. For example, the driver can hear the navigation sound and the content of the voice call more clearly, with a certain degree of privacy; other passengers can watch movies independently in the audio and video entertainment without being affected by other people's voices or affecting others.
[0032] It is easy to understand that the headrest speakers can be regarded as near-field sound sources for the driver and passengers, so the sound pressure level can be low to meet the listening needs of the driver and passengers. However, in order to obtain a higher subjective listening signal-to-noise ratio, the car headrest speakers cannot avoid the problem of sound leakage, and some sound pressure will still be transmitted to other drivers and passengers in the car. For example, there will be privacy leakage when the driver is talking on the phone, and passengers will interfere with each other when using the audio and video function, affecting the listening experience of others.
[0033] The present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device comprises: at least one acoustic dipole unit, the acoustic dipole unit comprises a first sound-generating element and a second sound-generating element; wherein,
[0036] The interference cancellation plane corresponding to the acoustic dipole unit is the sound leakage prevention area corresponding to the electronic device, and the sound pressure level corresponding to the interference cancellation plane is less than the sound pressure level threshold.
[0037] According to some embodiments, the sound-generating element, including the first sound-generating element and the second sound-generating element, refers to an electronic component that can generate sound, including but not limited to a speaker, a horn, and the like.
[0038] According to some embodiments, an acoustic dipole unit refers to two point sound sources that are very close to each other, have the same vibration amplitude but opposite phases, and such two point sound sources constitute a unit of a synthetic sound source.
[0039] In some embodiments, the two closely spaced point sound sources are generated by a first sound element and a second sound element, respectively. That is, to achieve the dipole characteristics of the acoustic dipole unit, the frequency response corresponding to the first sound element and the frequency response corresponding to the second sound element need to be the same, and the input signal corresponding to the first sound element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound element need to be in opposite phases.
[0040] It should be noted that the input signal corresponding to the first sound element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound element can be mutually inverted by connecting the control unit to one sound element in positive phase when connected, and to the other sound element in reverse phase when connected, and inputting the same time domain digital signal. It can also be achieved by the control unit inverting the same time domain digital signal, and inputting the time domain digital signal and the inverted time domain digital signal to the first sound element and the second sound element in the same polarity.
[0041] According to some embodiments, Figure 2 A directivity diagram of two sound-emitting elements with the same polarity provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 As shown, the directivity of two sound-emitting elements with the same polarity arranged in the target direction is the same as that of a monopole, showing an "O"-shaped omnidirectional directivity. Figure 3 A directivity diagram of two sound-emitting elements with opposite polarities provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 As shown, two sound-emitting elements with opposite polarities arranged in the target direction form an acoustic dipole, and its sound radiation characteristics exhibit an "∞" type directivity in the far field.
[0042] dBSPL is the unit of sound pressure level, which is used to measure the intensity of sound. Sound pressure level (SPL) refers to the difference between ambient pressure and sound pressure.
[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3It can be seen that the normal sound pressure of the acoustic dipole is much smaller than the sound pressure in the direction perpendicular to the normal due to interference destructiveness. Based on this characteristic, electronic equipment can effectively prevent sound leakage. In other words, when the first sound-emitting element and the second sound-emitting element are arranged along the target direction, the plane passing through any point on the line connecting the first sound-emitting element and the second sound-emitting element and with the normal in the target direction is the interference destructive plane.
[0044] It should be noted that Figure 3 In the two corresponding sounding elements with opposite polarities, the distance between the two sounding elements is 0.05m, the distance between the detection point and the two sounding elements is 1.2m, and the sounding frequency of the two sounding elements is 2000Hz. When the sounding frequency of the sounding element continues to increase, the distance between the two sounding elements with opposite polarities will be greater than the wavelength, and the characteristics of the acoustic dipole will no longer be satisfied, but the interference destructive in the 0 degree direction (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the target direction) is still satisfied, and the anti-leakage characteristic still exists, such as Figure 4 shown.
[0045] According to some embodiments, the target direction does not specifically refer to a fixed direction, and the target direction can be determined according to actual conditions, for example.
[0046] In some embodiments, the sound pressure level threshold refers to a value of the sound pressure level at which sound leakage can be avoided.
[0047] Optionally, the electronic device includes but is not limited to smart vehicles, smart wearables, smart hardware, and other devices that can play music and make calls externally but are sensitive to privacy. The electronic device can be, for example, a headrest.
[0048] Optionally, the electronic device includes a listening area.
[0049] According to some embodiments, the listening area refers to the area where the user's ears are located when the user uses the electronic device.
[0050] In some embodiments, since the sound pressure level corresponding to the sound leakage prevention area is less than the sound pressure level threshold, if there is an overlap between the listening area and the sound leakage prevention area, the sound level of the sound information received by the user's ear in the overlapping area will be greatly reduced, resulting in poor use of the electronic device. Therefore, setting the listening area and the sound leakage prevention area not to overlap can prevent the human ear from eventually being located in the interference destructive plane, which can improve the use of the electronic device.
[0051] For example, based on the ground plane, the first sound element and the second sound element in the acoustic dipole unit can be both arranged above the listening area or below the listening area, but not one above the listening area and the other below the listening area.
[0052] According to some embodiments, the at least one acoustic dipole unit includes a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit;
[0053] The first acoustic dipole unit is located at one side of the listening area, and the second acoustic dipole unit is located at the other side of the listening area.
[0054] For example, the first acoustic dipole unit may be located at the left ear side, and the second acoustic dipole unit may be located at the right ear side.
[0055] Take a scenario as an example. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a headrest provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 As shown, the headrest includes two acoustic dipole units, namely a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit. The first acoustic dipole unit includes a speaker 1 and a speaker 2, and the second acoustic dipole unit includes a speaker 3 and a speaker 4. In the direction perpendicular to the ground plane, the speaker 1 and the speaker 2 are arranged in the headrest in an up-and-down manner and are located on one side of the human ear, and the speaker 3 and the speaker 4 are arranged in an up-and-down manner on the other side of the human ear. At the same time, the speaker 1, the speaker 2, the speaker 3 and the speaker 4 are all higher than the position of the human ear.
[0056] The left channel data can be input to speaker 1, and the left channel data with opposite polarity can be input to speaker 2. The right channel data can be input to speaker 3 and speaker 4 in the same way. Therefore, the input signals of speaker 1 and speaker 2 are mutually inverted left channel signals, and the input signals of speaker 3 and speaker 4 are mutually inverted right channel signals. Therefore, the first acoustic dipole unit and the second acoustic dipole unit can form a stereo pair.
[0057] It is easy to understand that when only one acoustic dipole unit is used, the two sound-emitting elements in the acoustic dipole unit can only receive and play a single-channel digital signal. Although it can reduce the sound leakage of the electronic device, it cannot obtain a stereo effect. For a headrest using two acoustic dipole units, while having a stereo effect, the near-field sensitivity of the electronic device can be further increased, and the sound leakage of the electronic device can be reduced. In addition, if the playback source has multi-channel data, the number of acoustic dipole units can be increased, and the multi-channel signals can be controlled to be transmitted to multiple acoustic dipole units respectively, so as to reduce the sound leakage of the electronic device and obtain a better spatial sound field characteristic.
[0058] In summary, the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the sound-emitting element in the form of an acoustic dipole, can effectively reduce the sound leakage of the electronic device based on the characteristic that the normal sound pressure of the acoustic dipole is much smaller than the sound pressure in the normal direction due to interference destructiveness.
[0059] The disclosed embodiment also provides a vehicle.
[0060] Specifically, the vehicle includes: any electronic device shown in the above embodiments.
[0061] In summary, the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the sound-emitting element in the form of an acoustic dipole, can effectively reduce the sound leakage of electronic equipment based on the characteristic that the normal sound pressure of the acoustic dipole is much smaller than the sound pressure in the normal direction due to interference destructiveness.
[0062] The disclosed embodiment also provides an audio playback method, which is used in any electronic device shown in the above embodiments.
[0063] Wherein, the electronic device may include a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit;
[0064] For example, the electronic device may be Figure 5 Headrest shown.
[0065] Specifically, the audio playback method includes:
[0066] Signals are input to the first sound emitting element and the second sound emitting element in the first acoustic dipole unit and the third sound emitting element and the fourth sound emitting element in the second acoustic dipole unit, respectively.
[0067] The input signal corresponding to the first sound element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound element are in opposite phases to each other, and the input signal corresponding to the third sound element and the input signal corresponding to the fourth sound element are in opposite phases to each other.
[0068] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the electronic device embodiment is also applicable to the audio playback method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
[0069] In summary, the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the sound-emitting element in the form of an acoustic dipole, can effectively reduce the sound leakage of the electronic device based on the characteristic that the normal sound pressure of the acoustic dipole is much smaller than the sound pressure in the normal direction due to interference destructiveness.
[0070] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms may be for different embodiments or examples. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.
[0071] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0072] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: At least one acoustic dipole unit, the acoustic dipole unit comprising a first sound-emitting element and a second sound-emitting element; wherein, The interference cancellation plane corresponding to the acoustic dipole unit is the sound leakage prevention area corresponding to the electronic device, and the sound pressure level corresponding to the interference cancellation plane is less than the sound pressure level threshold.
2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency response corresponding to the first sound emitting element is the same as the frequency response corresponding to the second sound emitting element.
3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first sound emitting element and the second sound emitting element are arranged along a target direction, a plane passing through any point of a line connecting the first sound emitting element and the second sound emitting element and having a normal direction in the target direction is the interference destructive plane.
4. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input signal corresponding to the first sound emitting element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound emitting element are in anti-phase with each other.
5. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a listening area; wherein, The listening area and the sound leakage prevention area do not overlap.
6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The at least one acoustic dipole unit comprises a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit; The first acoustic dipole unit is located at one side of the listening area, and the second acoustic dipole unit is located at the other side of the listening area.
7. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound-generating element is a speaker.
8. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic device is a headrest.
9. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: An electronic device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An audio playback method, used in the electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the electronic device comprising a first acoustic dipole unit and a second acoustic dipole unit; The method comprises: Signals are input respectively to the first sound element and the second sound element in the first acoustic dipole unit and the third sound element and the fourth sound element in the second acoustic dipole unit, the input signal corresponding to the first sound element and the input signal corresponding to the second sound element are inverted to each other, and the input signal corresponding to the third sound element and the input signal corresponding to the fourth sound element are inverted to each other.