Monitoring system and positioning method for personnel in closed space based on smart bracelet

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring system and a positioning method for personnel in a closed space based on a smart bracelet, and relates to the technical field of physiological data monitoring, the monitoring system comprises the smart bracelet, a background management system and a transmission gateway, and the smart bracelet, the background management system and the transmission gateway form a Mesh network together; the smart bracelet serves as a sensor for data acquisition in the Mesh network, and the transmission network serves as data transfer in the Mesh network and transmits related data, acquired by the smart bracelet, of a bracelet wearer to the server in a many-to-many data transmission mode; the technical key points are as follows: the physical condition of a wearer is monitored in real time by means of an intelligent bracelet, the position information of the wearer is confirmed by a positioning system formed by positioning anchor points and labels based on a Mesh network jointly formed by the intelligent bracelet, a background management system and a transmission gateway, and due to the fact that the Mesh network adopts a many-to-many Bluetooth data transmission mode, the position information of the wearer can be transmitted to the background management system. And the position of the wearer can be immediately obtained at any position, and is not easily interfered by external factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of physiological data monitoring, and in particular to a personnel monitoring system and a positioning method in a confined space based on a smart bracelet. Background Art

[0003] The patent document with announcement number CN108888237A discloses a construction monitoring method for construction workers, which monitors the physiological parameter information of the construction workers through a smart bracelet, and then analyzes abnormal parameters through a background processing center to promptly detect physical discomfort of the construction workers, thereby enabling the construction workers to work in a healthy and stable manner and ensuring the construction progress of the construction site.

[0004] However, research has found that the existing construction monitoring methods for construction personnel have certain drawbacks when used:

[0005] This construction monitoring method is based on monitoring the physiological parameter information of construction workers through smart bracelets, and then analyzing abnormal parameters through the background processing center to monitor the physical discomfort of construction workers. However, in actual application, due to the one-way data transmission between the smart bracelet and the background processing center, it is easy to be inaccurately positioned and interfered with data transmission. It is difficult to accurately obtain the wearer's position for rapid rescue when the wearer is unwell. Moreover, when a concentrated safety incident occurs among the personnel, the impact is even greater. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide a personnel monitoring system and positioning method in a confined space based on a smart bracelet. The wearer's physical condition is monitored in real time by means of a contact temperature measurement module, a heart rate and blood oxygen collection module and an IMU module on the smart bracelet. The wearer's location information is confirmed by a positioning system composed of positioning anchor points and tags based on the Mesh network formed by the smart bracelet, the background management system and the transmission gateway. Because the Mesh network adopts a many-to-many Bluetooth data transmission mode, the wearer's location can be obtained immediately even indoors, which can improve the convenience of managing the public in response to emergencies. At the same time, due to proper management, people with abnormal physical conditions can be treated in time.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present application to solve the technical problem is:

[0008] A personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet, comprising a smart bracelet, a background management system and a transmission gateway, wherein the transmission gateway is communicatively connected between the smart bracelet and the background management system;

[0009] The smart bracelet, background management system and transmission gateway together form a Mesh network. The background management system includes device management, test objects, monitoring management, evaluation and early warning management, and system settings.

[0010] Among them, the smart bracelet is used as a sensor for data collection in the Mesh network, and the transmission network is used as a data transfer in the Mesh network. In a many-to-many data transmission mode, the relevant data of the bracelet wearer (i.e., the monitored person) collected by the smart bracelet is transmitted to the server. Finally, the constructed background management system realizes real-time monitoring of the physiological parameters of the smart bracelet wearer and safety warning through the human-computer interaction interface of the smart terminal.

[0011] Preferably, the smart bracelet includes a contact body temperature measurement module, a heart rate and blood oxygen collection module, an IMU module, a battery, a power management unit, a storage chip, a color display module, a microphone, a 2.4G antenna, Bluetooth BLE and a core processor; the smart bracelet obtains the wearer's body temperature, blood oxygen, cough and heart rate data through the contact body temperature measurement module, the heart rate and blood oxygen collection module and the IMU module, and uses the storage chip to store the data, and uses the Bluetooth BLE and the 2.4G antenna to send and upload the data.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission gateway includes a positioning engine, a Bluetooth gateway and relay transmission. The positioning engine uses triangulation, received signal strength index (RSSI), time difference measurement (TDOA) and fusion algorithm to process and calculate the data information, and calculates the real-time position of the smart bracelet to determine the position of the wearer. The relay transmission uses a Bluetooth micro base station as an intermediate bridge between the smart bracelet physiological data acquisition terminal and the background management system, and is responsible for data relay and positioning.

[0013] Preferably, the Mesh network uses a Bluetooth gateway with a multi-antenna system as a positioning anchor point and a smart bracelet with Bluetooth BLE as a tag to locate the smart bracelet and determine the position of the wearer.

[0014] Preferably, the test object management logs in through a username and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking to enter the test object management function module, the wearer can enter the test object list with information display. The monitoring management logs in through a username and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking to enter the monitoring management module, the wearer can enter the monitoring management page to view relevant monitoring information. For people in closed areas, the evaluation and early warning management collects the body temperature, heart rate and blood oxygen physiological indicator data of the people through the smart bracelets worn by the people, transmits and stores them to the server through the Bluetooth micro base station, and realizes the evaluation and early warning of the health status and cough of the people in the background management system.

[0015] Preferably, the device management in the background management system includes wristband management and Bluetooth gateway management. The wristband management is to log in to the physiological data monitoring system homepage with the user name and password, click to enter the wristband management function module, and then enter the wristband device list with information display to perform operations. The Bluetooth gateway management is to log in to the physiological data monitoring system homepage with the user name and password, click to enter the Bluetooth gateway management function module, and then enter the Bluetooth gateway device list with information display.

[0016] Preferably, when the position of the Bluetooth micro base station used for the relay transmission is known, the signal sent reaches two located nodes, the angle between the line between one Bluetooth micro base station and the smart bracelet and the reference direction is α1, and a ray L1 is drawn based on this direction; similarly, the angle between the line between another Bluetooth micro base station and the smart bracelet and the reference direction is α2, and a ray L2 is drawn based on this direction. In this state, the intersection of ray L1 and ray L2 is the arrival angle position of the device.

[0017] Preferably, based on the positioning state of the smart bracelet using rays L1 and L2 and angles α1 and α2 of the two Bluetooth micro base stations, the coordinates of one Bluetooth micro base station BS1 are marked as (x1, y1), the coordinates of the other Bluetooth micro base station BS2 are marked as (x2, y2), and the coordinates of the measured node are (x, y);

[0018] Among them, assuming that α1 and α2 are not 90°, the straight line equations of the two rays are: k1=tanα1, k2=tanα2.

[0019] A method for monitoring and positioning personnel in a confined space based on a smart bracelet, comprising: S1, a Mesh network using a Bluetooth gateway with a multi-antenna system as a hub, multiple Bluetooth micro base stations distributed in horizontal and vertical planes as positioning anchor points, and a smart bracelet with Bluetooth BLE as a tag;

[0020] S2. Select two Bluetooth micro base stations that are closest to the smart bracelet and located in the same horizontal plane and two Bluetooth micro base stations in the same vertical plane, name the two Bluetooth micro base stations located in the horizontal plane and the two Bluetooth micro base stations located in the vertical plane, and transmit signals to the smart bracelet respectively to form rays;

[0021] S3, connect four Bluetooth micro base stations and the smart bracelet, obtain the angles between the connection line and the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, and obtain the plane coordinates of the smart bracelet;

[0022] S4. Obtain the spatial coordinates of the smart bracelet according to the intersection of the horizontal plane coordinates and the vertical plane coordinates where the smart bracelet is located.

[0023] Preferably, the transmission network acts as a data relay in the Mesh network, and transmits the location information collected by the smart bracelet to the server in a many-to-many data transmission mode to obtain the location of the smart bracelet, and at the same time spatially locates the smart bracelet through the method in S1.

[0024] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] The personnel monitoring system and positioning method in a confined space based on a smart bracelet of the present invention monitors the wearer's physical condition in real time by means of a contact temperature measurement module, a heart rate and blood oxygen collection module and an IMU module on the smart bracelet, and confirms the wearer's location information by a positioning system composed of positioning anchor points and tags based on a Mesh network formed by the smart bracelet, the background management system and the transmission gateway. Since the Mesh network adopts a many-to-many Bluetooth data transmission mode, the wearer's location can be immediately obtained even indoors, which greatly facilitates the management of the public in emergency situations. At the same time, due to proper management, people with abnormal physical conditions can be treated in time.

[0026] The personnel monitoring system and positioning method in a closed space based on a smart bracelet of the present invention uses a Mesh network formed by the smart bracelet, a background management system and a transmission gateway to confirm the wearer's location information with a positioning system composed of positioning anchor points and tags, and cooperates with four Bluetooth micro base stations with determined positions to transmit signals in the form of two-by-two combinations in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane. The spatial position of the smart bracelet is obtained by connecting the smart bracelet and the four Bluetooth micro base stations and the corresponding generated angles. Even indoors, the wearer's position can be immediately obtained, which greatly facilitates the management of the public in emergency situations. At the same time, due to proper management, people with abnormal physical conditions can be treated in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a circuit block diagram of the smart bracelet of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is the overall solution architecture diagram of indoor positioning of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is the Mesh networking architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning state of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a heart rate sensor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 One of the battery circuit diagrams of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is the second battery circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 A storage circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 is a circuit diagram of an LCD of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 A circuit diagram of a microphone of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 is the main control circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 This is an overall architecture diagram of the indoor positioning solution of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Embodiment 1: A personnel monitoring system and positioning method in a confined space based on a smart bracelet, such as Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, it includes a smart bracelet, a background management system and a transmission gateway connected to the smart bracelet and the background management system. The smart bracelet, the background management system and the transmission gateway together form a Mesh network. The background management system includes device management, test objects, monitoring management, evaluation and early warning management, and system settings; the device management in the background management system includes bracelet management and Bluetooth gateway management;

[0041] Among them, the test object management logs in through the user name and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking into the test object management function module, the wearer can enter the test object list with information display to support the functions of adding, deleting, modifying and viewing the test objects. The corresponding modified information is stored in the database in time to complete the data update;

[0042] Secondly, the monitoring management logs in with a user name and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking into the monitoring management module, the wearer can enter the monitoring management page to view relevant monitoring information.

[0043] Secondly, for people in closed areas, the evaluation and early warning management collects the body temperature, heart rate and blood oxygen physiological index data of the people through the smart bracelets they wear, transmits and stores them to the server through the Bluetooth micro base station, and realizes the evaluation and early warning of the health status and cough of the people in the background management system;

[0044] Furthermore, the wristband management is to log in to the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system with a user name and password, click to enter the wristband management function module, and then enter the wristband device list with information display to perform operations to support functions such as adding, deleting, modifying and viewing wristband devices. The corresponding modified information is stored in the database in a timely manner to complete the data update;

[0045] At the same time, the Bluetooth gateway management is to log in to the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system with a user name and password, click to enter the Bluetooth gateway management function module, and then enter the Bluetooth gateway device list with information display to support the configuration functions of adding, deleting, modifying and viewing Bluetooth gateway devices. The corresponding modified information is stored in the database in time to complete the data update;

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the smart bracelet includes a contact body temperature measurement module (using LM117), a heart rate and blood oxygen acquisition module (using MAX86177, and its internal circuit diagram is shown in Figure 6 As shown), IMU module (using LSM6DSOW), battery (using lithium-ion battery, its internal charging function circuit diagram is as shown Figure 7 As shown, the battery voltage to 3.3V circuit diagram is as follows Figure 8 As shown), power management unit, memory chip, color display module (i.e. display screen, internal circuit diagram as shown Fig.10 As shown), microphone (using SPH0641LM4H, its internal circuit diagram is as follows Fig.11 As shown), 2.4G antenna, Bluetooth BLE and core processor (using nRF52830, the circuit diagram is as shown Fig.12 shown);

[0047] Among them, the smart bracelet obtains the wearer's body temperature, blood oxygen, cough and heart rate data through the contact body temperature measurement module, heart rate and blood oxygen collection module and IMU module to ensure the acquisition of basic information for health status assessment;

[0048] At the same time, by using the memory chip (using GD25Q64C, its internal circuit diagram is as follows Fig. 9 As shown) store data, and use Bluetooth BLE and 2.4G antenna to send and upload data;

[0049] Secondly, the smart bracelet is used as a data collection sensor in the Mesh network (which realizes wireless connection between any two bracelet devices, thereby realizing data relay and ensuring that all smart bracelets can upload data). The transmission network is used as a data transfer in the Mesh network. In a many-to-many data transmission mode, the relevant data of the bracelet wearer (i.e. the monitored person) collected by the smart bracelet is transmitted to the server. Finally, the constructed background management system realizes real-time monitoring of the physiological parameters of the smart bracelet wearer and safety warning through the human-computer interaction interface of the smart terminal.

[0050] The transmission gateway includes a positioning engine, a Bluetooth gateway, and relay transmission. The positioning engine uses triangulation, received signal strength index (RSSI), time difference measurement (TDOA), and fusion algorithms to process and calculate data information, and calculates the real-time position of the smart bracelet to determine the location of the wearer.

[0051] Among them, the Bluetooth gateway, as an intermediate device, has signal transmission and data processing capabilities. It can receive and forward data sent by the acquisition device, so that the data can be transmitted to the monitoring terminal on the background management system;

[0052] Secondly, the relay transmission uses Bluetooth micro base station as the intermediate bridge between the smart bracelet physiological data collection terminal and the background management system, which is responsible for data relay and positioning;

[0053] In the positioning process, the Mesh network uses a Bluetooth gateway with a multi-antenna system as a positioning anchor point and a smart bracelet with Bluetooth BLE (Bluetooth low-power AOA positioning method) as a tag to locate the smart bracelet and determine the wearer's position. By using Bluetooth RSSI strength positioning, more accurate positioning can be ensured.

[0054] At the same time, the Bluetooth micro base station connects to the POE LAN and transmits data to the server to realize data storage. Combined with the positioning engine service, it realizes network transmission of data and real-time positioning of the monitored object wearing the smart bracelet;

[0055] In some examples, when the position of the Bluetooth micro base station used for relay transmission is known, the signal sent reaches two located nodes, the angle between the line between a Bluetooth micro base station and the smart bracelet and the reference direction is α1, and a ray L1 is drawn based on this direction;

[0056] Similarly, the angle between the line connecting another Bluetooth micro base station to the smart bracelet and the reference direction is α2. Based on this direction, a ray L2 is drawn. In this state, the intersection of ray L1 and ray L2 is the arrival angle position of the device.

[0057] Among them, based on the positioning state of the smart bracelet using rays L1 and L2 and angles α1 and α2 of two Bluetooth micro base stations, the coordinates of one Bluetooth micro base station BS1 are marked as (x1, y1), the coordinates of the other Bluetooth micro base station BS2 are marked as (x2, y2), and the coordinates of the measured node are (x, y);

[0058] In the above case, assuming that α1 and α2 are not 90°, the linear equations of the two rays are: k1 = tanα1, k2 = tanα2, calculated by the following formula: y-y1 = k1(x-x1), y-y2 = k2(x-x2);

[0059] The final solution is:

[0060]

[0061] Embodiment 2: A personnel monitoring system and positioning method in a confined space based on a smart bracelet, comprising a smart bracelet, a background management system and a transmission gateway connected to the smart bracelet and the background management system, wherein the smart bracelet, the background management system and the transmission gateway together form a Mesh network, wherein the background management system comprises a monitoring terminal, a LAN router, a server and a hierarchical screening module; the transmission gateway comprises a positioning engine, a Bluetooth gateway, relay transmission and a Bluetooth micro base station; the background management system performs equipment management, object testing, monitoring management, evaluation and early warning, and system setting through the monitoring terminal;

[0062] Among them, the test object management logs in through the user name and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking into the test object management function module, the wearer can enter the test object list with information display to support the functions of adding, deleting, modifying and viewing the test objects. The corresponding modified information is stored in the database in time to complete the data update;

[0063] Secondly, the monitoring management logs in with a user name and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking into the monitoring management module, the wearer can enter the monitoring management page to view relevant monitoring information.

[0064] Secondly, for people in closed areas, the evaluation and early warning management collects the body temperature, heart rate and blood oxygen physiological index data of the people through the smart bracelets they wear, transmits and stores them to the server through the Bluetooth micro base station, and realizes the evaluation and early warning of the health status and cough of the people in the background management system;

[0065] Furthermore, the wristband management is to log in to the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system with a user name and password, click to enter the wristband management function module, and then enter the wristband device list with information display to perform operations to support functions such as adding, deleting, modifying and viewing wristband devices. The corresponding modified information is stored in the database in a timely manner to complete the data update;

[0066] At the same time, the Bluetooth gateway management is to log in to the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system with a user name and password, click to enter the Bluetooth gateway management function module, and then enter the Bluetooth gateway device list with information display to support the configuration functions of adding, deleting, modifying and viewing Bluetooth gateway devices. The corresponding modified information is stored in the database in time to complete the data update;

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the smart bracelet includes a contact body temperature measurement module (using LM117), a heart rate and blood oxygen acquisition module (using MAX86177), an IMU module (using LSM6DSOW), a battery (using a lithium-ion battery), a power management unit, a storage chip, a color display module (i.e., a display screen), a microphone (using SPH0641 LM4H), a 2.4G antenna, Bluetooth BLE, and a core processor (using nRF5283);

[0068] Among them, the smart bracelet obtains the wearer's body temperature, blood oxygen, cough and heart rate data through the contact body temperature measurement module, heart rate and blood oxygen collection module and IMU module to ensure the acquisition of basic information for health status assessment;

[0069] At the same time, the data is stored by using a storage chip (using GD25Q64C), and the data is sent and uploaded using Bluetooth BLE and a 2.4G antenna;

[0070] Secondly, the smart bracelet is used as a data acquisition sensor in the Mesh network (which realizes wireless connection between any two bracelet devices, thereby realizing data relay and ensuring that all smart bracelets can upload data). The transmission network is used as a data transfer in the Mesh network. In a many-to-many data transmission mode, the relevant data of the bracelet wearer (i.e., the monitored person) collected by the smart bracelet is transmitted to the server. The constructed background management system realizes real-time monitoring and spatial positioning of the physiological parameters of the smart bracelet wearer through the human-computer interaction interface of the monitoring terminal.

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the Bluetooth micro base stations arranged on the transmission gateway include multiple ones, and are arranged in two states: in a horizontal plane and in a vertical plane. The multiple Bluetooth micro base stations arranged in the horizontal plane and the multiple Bluetooth micro base stations arranged in the vertical plane are in a square shape surrounding the target area;

[0072] Among them, based on the characteristics of data upload of the smart bracelet, the background management system processes and calculates the data information through the positioning engine to determine the location of the wearer;

[0073] At the same time, the Mesh network uses a Bluetooth gateway with a multi-antenna system as a hub, multiple Bluetooth micro base stations distributed in the horizontal and vertical planes as positioning anchor points, and a smart bracelet with Bluetooth BLE as a tag, and the location of the bracelet wearer is confirmed by the correspondence between the positioning anchor points and the tags;

[0074] Secondly, the hierarchical screening module is used to select the two Bluetooth micro base stations closest to the smart bracelet and located in the same horizontal plane and the two Bluetooth micro base stations in the same vertical plane. When the positions of these four Bluetooth micro base stations are known, the two Bluetooth micro base stations located in the horizontal plane are named Bluetooth micro base station BS1 and Bluetooth micro base station BS2, and the two Bluetooth micro base stations located in the vertical plane are named Bluetooth micro base station BS3 and Bluetooth micro base station BS4, and they transmit signals to the smart bracelet respectively;

[0075] In this process, the signal transmitted by the Bluetooth micro base station forms a ray in the direction of the smart bracelet. At this time, the line between the signal transmitted by the Bluetooth micro base station BS1 and the smart bracelet is L1 (the angle between the line and the vertical plane is α1), and the line between the signal transmitted by the Bluetooth micro base station BS2 and the smart bracelet is L2 (the angle between the line and the vertical plane is α2);

[0076] At the same time, the connection line between the signal sent by the Bluetooth micro base station BS3 and the smart bracelet is L3 (the angle between the connection line and the horizontal plane is α3), and the connection line between the signal sent by the Bluetooth micro base station BS2 and the smart bracelet is L4 (the angle between the connection line and the horizontal plane is α4);

[0077] Then, as shown above, based on the positioning state of the smart bracelet using the connection lines L1 and L2 and the angles α1 and α2 of the Bluetooth micro base station BS1 and the Bluetooth micro base station BS2, the coordinates of the Bluetooth micro base station BS1 are marked as (x1, y1), and the coordinates of the Bluetooth micro base station BS2 are marked as (x2, y2), then the coordinates of the measured smart bracelet are (x, y);

[0078] The position of the smart bracelet in the horizontal plane is reflected in the position projected from top to bottom (similar to a satellite bird's-eye view). The position of the smart bracelet is located based on the Bluetooth micro base station BS1 and the Bluetooth micro base station BS2. Assuming that α1 and α2 are not 90°, the calculation formula for (x, y) in the horizontal plane is: y-y1=k1(x-x1), y-y2=k2(x-x2);

[0079] Among them, k1 = tanα1, k2 = tanα2, so the solution is:

[0080]

[0081] Then in the horizontal plane, the coordinates of the smart bracelet are

[0083] At the same time, based on the positioning state of the smart bracelet using the connection lines L3 and L4 and the angles α3 and α4 of the Bluetooth micro base station BS3 and the Bluetooth micro base station BS4, the coordinates of the Bluetooth micro base station BS3 are marked as (y3, z1), and the coordinates of the Bluetooth micro base station BS4 are marked as (y4, z2), then the coordinates of the measured smart bracelet are (z, y);

[0084] The position of the smart bracelet in the vertical plane, that is, the position projected from one side to the other side, is located based on the Bluetooth micro base station BS3 and the Bluetooth micro base station BS4. Assuming that α3 and α4 are not 90°, the calculation formula of (z, y) in the vertical plane is: z-z1=k3(y-y3), z-z2=k4(y-y4);

[0085] Among them, k2 = tanα3, k2 = tanα4, so the solution is:

[0086]

[0087] Then in the vertical plane, the coordinates of the smart bracelet are

[0088] Combining the coordinates of the smart bracelet in the horizontal plane and the coordinates in the vertical plane, since y = The final spatial coordinates of the smart bracelet are: or

[0089] Therefore, when determining the position of the wearer of the smart bracelet, the height at which the wearer is located and the plane position at a fixed height can be determined.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet, characterized in that: include: Smart bracelet; Backend management system; The transmission gateway is connected between the smart bracelet and the background management system; The smart bracelet, background management system and transmission gateway together form a Mesh network. The background management system includes device management, test objects, monitoring management, evaluation and early warning management, and system settings. Among them, the smart bracelet is used as a sensor for data collection in the Mesh network, and the transmission network is used as a data transfer in the Mesh network. In a many-to-many data transmission mode, the relevant data of the bracelet wearer collected by the smart bracelet is transmitted to the server. Finally, the constructed background management system realizes real-time monitoring of the physiological parameters of the smart bracelet wearer and safety warning through the human-computer interaction interface of the smart terminal.

2. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The smart bracelet includes a contact body temperature measurement module, a heart rate and blood oxygen collection module, an IMU module, a battery, a power management unit, a storage chip, a color display module, a microphone, a 2.4G antenna, a Bluetooth BLE and a core processor; Among them, the smart bracelet obtains the wearer's body temperature, blood oxygen, cough and heart rate data through the contact body temperature measurement module, heart rate and blood oxygen collection module and IMU module, stores the data using a storage chip, and sends and uploads the data using Bluetooth BLE and a 2.4G antenna.

3. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission gateway includes a positioning engine, a Bluetooth gateway and relay transmission. The positioning engine uses triangulation, received signal strength index (RSSI), time difference measurement (TDOA) and fusion algorithm to process and calculate data information, and calculates the real-time position of the smart bracelet to determine the position of the wearer. The relay transmission uses a Bluetooth micro base station as an intermediate bridge between the smart bracelet physiological data collection terminal and the background management system, and is responsible for data relay and positioning.

4. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The Mesh network uses a Bluetooth gateway with a multi-antenna system as a positioning anchor point and a smart bracelet with Bluetooth BLE as a tag to locate the smart bracelet and determine the wearer's location.

5. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The test object management logs in through a username and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking to enter the test object management function module, the wearer can enter the test object list with information display. The monitoring management logs in through a username and password, allowing the wearer to enter the homepage of the physiological data monitoring system. After clicking to enter the monitoring management module, the wearer can enter the monitoring management page to view relevant monitoring information. For people in closed areas, the evaluation and early warning management collects the body temperature, heart rate and blood oxygen physiological indicator data of the people through the smart bracelets worn by the people, transmits and stores them to the server through the Bluetooth micro base station, and realizes the evaluation and early warning of the health status and cough of the people in the background management system.

6. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The device management in the background management system includes wristband management and Bluetooth gateway management. The wristband management is to log in to the physiological data monitoring system homepage with the user name and password, click to enter the wristband management function module, and then enter the wristband device list with information display to perform operations. The Bluetooth gateway management is to log in to the physiological data monitoring system homepage with the user name and password, click to enter the Bluetooth gateway management function module, and then enter the Bluetooth gateway device list with information display.

7. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When the position of the Bluetooth micro base station used for the relay transmission is known, the signal sent reaches two located nodes. The angle between the line connecting one Bluetooth micro base station to the smart bracelet and the reference direction is α1, and a ray L1 is drawn based on this direction; similarly, the angle between the line connecting another Bluetooth micro base station to the smart bracelet and the reference direction is α2, and a ray L2 is drawn based on this direction. In this state, the intersection of ray L1 and ray L2 is the arrival angle position of the device.

8. The personnel monitoring system in a confined space based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Based on the positioning state of the smart bracelet using rays L1 and L2 and angles α1 and α2 of the two Bluetooth micro base stations, the coordinates of one Bluetooth micro base station BS1 are marked as (x1, y1), the coordinates of the other Bluetooth micro base station BS2 are marked as (x2, y2), and the coordinates of the measured node are (x, y); Among them, if α1 and α2 are not 90°, the straight line equations of the two rays are: k1=tanα1, k2=tanα2.

9. A method for monitoring and locating personnel in a confined space based on a smart bracelet, which is implemented based on any one of the personnel monitoring systems in a confined space based on a smart bracelet in claim 1 to claim 8, characterized in that: include: S1, Mesh network uses a Bluetooth gateway with a multi-antenna system as the hub, multiple Bluetooth micro base stations distributed in the horizontal and vertical planes as positioning anchors, and smart bracelets with Bluetooth BLE as tags; S2. Select two Bluetooth micro base stations that are closest to the smart bracelet and located in the same horizontal plane and two Bluetooth micro base stations in the same vertical plane, name the two Bluetooth micro base stations located in the horizontal plane and the two Bluetooth micro base stations located in the vertical plane, and transmit signals to the smart bracelet respectively to form rays; S3, connect four Bluetooth micro base stations and the smart bracelet, obtain the angles between the connection line and the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, and obtain the plane coordinates of the smart bracelet; S4. Obtain the spatial coordinates of the smart bracelet according to the intersection of the horizontal plane coordinates and the vertical plane coordinates where the smart bracelet is located.

10. The method for indoor personnel positioning based on a smart bracelet as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The transmission network acts as a data transfer in the Mesh network, and transmits the location information collected by the smart bracelet to the server in a many-to-many data transmission mode to obtain the location of the smart bracelet, and at the same time spatially locates the smart bracelet through the method in S1.

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