Aggregated physical layer protocol data unit transmission

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a method for communicating aggregated physical layer protocol data units in a wireless local area network. An aggregated physical layer protocol data unit including a plurality of physical layer protocol data units may be transmitted, the aggregated physical layer protocol data unit may occupy a frequency channel including a primary sub-channel and a secondary sub-channel. A physical layer protocol data unit may be transmitted on the primary sub-channel to a wireless device having a bandwidth capability smaller than the bandwidth occupied by the aggregated physical layer protocol data unit, wIRELESS DEVICE WITH ENHANCED MULTI-LINK SINGLE RADIO SUBCHANNEL OR DYNAMIC SUBBAND OPERATION CAPABILITY WITH A SINGLE RADIO SUBCHANNEL OR DYNAMIC SUBBAND OPERATION CAPABILITY WITH A BANDWIDTH CAPABLE BANDWIDTH CAPABLE BANDWIDTH BANDWIDTH THAT .

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to wireless communications, including techniques and devices for sending and receiving polymer physical layer protocol data units in a wireless local area network architecture.

[0002] Related technical description

[0003] Wireless communication systems are ubiquitous. In addition, wireless communication technology has evolved from voice-only communications to also include the transmission of data such as the Internet and multimedia content.

[0004] A mobile electronic device or station (STA) or user equipment device (UE) may take the form of a smart phone or tablet device that a user usually carries. One aspect of wireless communication that can be performed by a mobile device may include, for example, wireless networking through a wireless local area network (WLAN), which may include devices that operate according to one or more communication standards in the IEEE 802.11 standard series. In a wireless local area network, there may be multiple generations of wireless devices. Adapting to this series of devices that may have different capabilities in terms of supported packet formats, communication bandwidths, and other features may require trade-offs in terms of medium usage efficiency, throughput, latency, and / or scheduling flexibility, as well as various considerations. Therefore, it is expected that improvements will be made in this area. Summary of the invention

[0005] Embodiments of systems, apparatus, and methods are presented herein for use, inter alia, in devices for transmitting and receiving aggregate physical layer protocol data units in a wireless local area network architecture.

[0006] A wireless device may include: one or more antennas; one or more radio components, the one or more radio components can be operatively coupled to the one or more antennas; and a processor, the processor can be operatively coupled to the one or more radio components. The wireless device (STA) can be configured to establish a connection with an access point (AP) through a wireless local area network (WLAN) over one or more wireless links, or can be an access point configured to establish a connection with one or more other wireless devices through a WLAN over one or more wireless links. The wireless device can operate in each of the multiple wireless links using a corresponding radio component of the one or more radio components.

[0007] According to the techniques described herein, multiple physical layer protocol data units that may have different formats may be sent together as an aggregate physical layer protocol data unit. For different physical layer protocol data units, different subchannels of the operating bandwidth of the access point wireless device may be used to send the aggregate physical layer protocol data unit.

[0008] By aggregating multiple physical layer protocol data units (possibly having different formats) in this manner, it is possible for an access point to schedule wireless devices of different generations to perform uplink or downlink communications simultaneously, such that the operating bandwidth limitations of certain (e.g., earlier generation) devices need not limit the total operating bandwidth of the aggregated physical layer protocol data units, and such that the format limitations of certain (e.g., earlier generation) devices need not limit the physical layer protocol data unit format used by devices that have the ability to use a later generation physical layer protocol data unit format (e.g., a later generation physical layer protocol data unit format may potentially be more efficient and / or provide other benefits relative to an earlier generation physical layer protocol data unit format).

[0009] According to various embodiments, such aggregated physical layer protocol data units may be used for either or both downlink and uplink communications. In at least some embodiments, support for such aggregation may improve scheduling flexibility for wireless devices operating in multi-generation wireless communication systems, as well as potentially increase medium usage efficiency and throughput, and reduce latency.

[0010] The techniques described herein may be implemented in and / or used with a number of different types of devices, including, but not limited to, any of cellular telephones, tablet computers, accessory and / or wearable computing devices, portable media players, access points, base stations and other network infrastructure equipment, servers, unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicle controllers, automobiles and / or motor vehicles, and a variety of other computing devices.

[0011] This disclosure is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the topics described in this document. Therefore, it should be understood that the above features are only examples and should not be construed as narrowing the scope or essence of the topics described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the topics described herein will become apparent through the following detailed description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] A better understanding of the present subject matter may be obtained when the following detailed description of the embodiments is considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 An example wireless communication system including a wireless device according to some embodiments is illustrated;

[0014] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless device according to some embodiments;

[0015] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example network element or access point according to some embodiments;

[0016] Figures 4 to 5 is a flow chart illustrating an example method for performing aggregate physical layer protocol data unit transmission and reception in a wireless local area network according to some embodiments;

[0017] Figure 6 illustrates example aspects of possible communications between an access point device and a wireless station capable of transmitting and receiving on a secondary channel via enhanced multi-link single radio secondary channel operation or dynamic sub-band operation according to some embodiments;

[0018] Figure 7 illustrates an example format of a possible "Common Information" field of an enhanced multi-user transmission request frame including an "Aggregate PPDU" subfield according to some embodiments;

[0019] Figure 8 illustrates an example format of a possible "Common Information" field of an enhanced multi-user transmission request frame or an enhanced buffer status report poll frame including an "Aggregate PPDU" subfield according to some embodiments;

[0020] Figures 9 to 11 illustrates example details of possible downlink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDUs and EHT format PPDUs according to some embodiments;

[0021] Figure 12 to Figure 14 illustrates example details of possible downlink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDUs and HE format PPDUs according to some embodiments;

[0022] Figures 15 to 17 illustrates example details of possible uplink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDUs and EHT format PPDUs according to some embodiments;

[0023] Figures 18 to 20 illustrates example details of possible uplink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDUs and HE format PPDUs according to some embodiments;

[0024] Figure 21 to Figure 24 illustrates example details of possible downlink A-PPDU transmissions including HE format PPDUs and HE format PPDUs according to some embodiments; and

[0025] Figure 25 to Figure 27 Example details of possible uplink A-PPDU transmissions including HE format PPDUs and HE format PPDUs according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0026] Although the features described herein are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the drawings and detailed description thereof are not intended to be limited to the specific forms disclosed, but on the contrary, are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] the term

[0028] The following are definitions of terms used in this disclosure:

[0029] Memory Medium—Any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices. The term "memory medium" is intended to include any computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, e.g., a hard drive or optical storage device; registers or other similar types of memory elements, etc. The term "memory medium" may include two or more memory media that may reside in different locations (e.g., in different computer systems connected by a network). The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., embodied as a computer program) that may be executed by one or more processors.

[0030] Carrier Media—Memory media as described above, as well as physical transmission media such as a bus, network, and / or other physical transmission media that convey signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.

[0031] Computer System—Any of various types of computing or processing systems, including a personal computer system (PC), a server-based computer system, a wearable computer, a network appliance, an Internet appliance, a smart phone, a television system, a grid computing system, or other devices or combinations of devices. In general, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices) having at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0032] User Equipment (UE) (or "UE device") - any of various types of computer systems or devices that are mobile or portable and that perform wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include mobile phones or smartphones (e.g., iPhone-based TM 、Android TMphones), portable gaming devices, laptops, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), portable Internet devices, music players, data storage devices or other handheld devices, automobiles and / or motor vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones), UAV controllers (UACs), etc. In general, the term "UE" or "UE device" can be broadly defined to cover any electronic device, computing device, and / or telecommunication device (or combination of these devices) that is easily transportable by a user and capable of wireless communication.

[0033] Wireless device or station (STA) - Any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform wireless communications. A wireless device may be portable (or mobile), or may be stationary or fixed at a location. The terms "station" and "STA" are used similarly. A UE is an example of a wireless device.

[0034] Communication device - any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform communication, where the communication may be wired or wireless. A communication device may be portable (or mobile), or may be stationary or fixed at a location. A wireless device is an example of a communication device. A UE is another example of a communication device.

[0035] Base Station or Access Point (AP)—The term “base station” (also referred to as “eNB”) has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless communication system. The term “access point” (or “AP”) is often associated with Wi-Fi-based communications and is used similarly.

[0036] Processing element (or processor) - refers to various elements or combinations of elements that are capable of performing functions in a device (e.g., a communications device or network infrastructure device). Processors may include, for example: a processor and associated memory, circuits such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, processor arrays, programmable hardware devices such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and / or a larger portion of a system including multiple processors, as well as any of the various combinations of the above elements.

[0037] Automatically—refers to an action or operation being performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by a computer system) or a device (e.g., a circuit, a programmable hardware element, an ASIC, etc.) without the action or operation being directly specified or performed by a user input. Thus, the term "automatically" is in contrast to an operation being manually performed or specified by a user, where the user provides input to directly perform the operation. An automatic process may be initiated by input provided by a user, but subsequent actions performed "automatically" are not specified by the user, i.e., are not performed "manually," where the user specifies each action to be performed. For example, a user filling out an electronic form by selecting each field and providing input specifying information (e.g., by typing in information, selecting checkboxes, radio selections, etc.) is manually filling out the form, even though the computer system must update the form in response to the user action. The form may be automatically filled out by a computer system, where the computer system (e.g., software executed on the computer system) analyzes the fields of the form and fills out the form without any user input specifying the answers to the fields. As indicated above, a user may invoke automatic filling out of a form, but not participate in the actual filling out of the form (e.g., the user does not manually specify the answers to the fields but rather they are automatically completed). This specification provides various examples of operations that are automatically performed in response to actions that a user has taken.

[0038] IEEE 802.11—refers to technologies based on IEEE 802.11 wireless standards, such as 802.11a, 802.11.b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11-2012, 802.11ac, 802.11ad, 802.11ax, 802.11ay, 802.11be, and / or other IEEE 802.11 standards. IEEE 802.11 technologies may also be referred to as “Wi-Fi” or “wireless local area network (WLAN)” technologies.

[0039] Configured to—Various components may be described as being “configured to” perform one or more tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is a broad statement that generally means “having a structure” that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component may be configured to perform a task even when the component is not currently performing the task (e.g., a collection of electrical conductors may be configured to electrically connect a module to another module even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, “configured to” may be a broad statement that generally means “having a circuit” that performs one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component may be configured to perform a task even when the component is not currently turned on. Typically, circuits that form a structure corresponding to “configured to” may include hardware circuits.

[0040] For ease of description, various components may be described as performing one or more tasks. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase "configured to". Reciting a component configured to perform one or more tasks expressly does not intend to invoke 35 U.S.C. §112(f) on that component.

[0041] Figure 1 to Figure 2 —Wireless communication system

[0042] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system is illustrated. It should be noted that Figure 1 represents one possibility among many, and the features of the present disclosure may be implemented by any of a variety of systems as desired. For example, the embodiments described herein may be implemented in any type of wireless device. The wireless embodiment described below is an example embodiment.

[0043] As shown, the exemplary wireless communication system includes an access point (AP) 102 that communicates with one or more wireless devices 106A, 106B, etc. over a transmission medium. Wireless devices 106A and 106B may be user devices such as stations (STAs), non-AP STAs, or WLAN devices.

[0044] STA 106 may be a device with wireless network connectivity, such as a mobile phone, a handheld device, a wearable device, a computer or tablet computer, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an unmanned flight controller (UAC), a car, or almost any type of wireless device. STA 106 may include a processor (processing element) configured to execute program instructions stored in a memory. STA 106 may perform any method implementation in the method implementation scheme described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively or in addition, STA 106 may include a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), an integrated circuit, and / or any of a variety of other possible hardware components configured to perform (e.g., individually or in combination) any method implementation in the method implementation scheme described herein or any part of any method implementation in the method implementation scheme described herein.

[0045] AP 102 may be a standalone AP or an enterprise AP and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with STA devices 106A and 106B. AP 102 may also be equipped to communicate with network 100 (e.g., a WLAN, an enterprise network, and / or another communication network connected to the Internet, among various possible networks). Thus, AP 102 may facilitate communication between STA devices 106 and / or communication between STA devices 106 and network 100. In other embodiments, the AP 102 may be configured to provide communications via one or more wireless technologies, such as any, any combination, or all of 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ad, 802.11ax, 802.11ay, 802.11be, and / or other 802.11 versions, or cellular protocols such as 5G or LTE, including in unlicensed bands (e.g., LAA, NR-U).

[0046] The communication area (or coverage area) of the AP 102 may be referred to as a basic service area (BSA) or a cell. The AP 102 and the STA 106 may be configured to communicate over a transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs) or wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, LTE, Advanced LTE (LTE-A), 5G NR, Ultra Wideband (UWB), etc.

[0047] Thus, AP 102 and other similar access points (not shown) operating according to one or more wireless communication technologies can be arranged as a network that can provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping services to STA devices 106A-106B and similar devices in a geographic area, for example, via one or more communication technologies. A STA can roam directly from one AP to another, or can transition between APs and cellular network cells.

[0048] Note that, at least in some cases, the STA device 106 may be capable of communicating using any of a variety of wireless communication technologies. For example, the STA device 106 may be configured to communicate using one or more of Wi-Fi, LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, Bluetooth, UWB, one or more satellite systems, etc. Other combinations of wireless communication technologies (including more than two wireless communication technologies) are also possible. Likewise, in some cases, the STA device 106 may be configured to communicate using only a single wireless communication technology.

[0049] As shown, the exemplary wireless communication system may also include an access point (AP) 104 that communicates with a wireless device 106B via a transmission medium. AP 104 also provides a communication connection to network 100. Therefore, according to some embodiments, a wireless device may be able to connect to one or both of AP 102 (or a cellular base station) and access point 104 (or another access point) to access network 100. For example, a STA may roam from AP 102 to AP 104 based on one or more factors such as coverage, interference, and capabilities. Note that AP 104 may also allow access to a network different from the network that AP 102 allows access to (e.g., an enterprise Wi-Fi network, a home Wi-Fi network, etc.).

[0050] STA 106A and STA 106B may include handheld devices such as smart phones or tablet devices, wearable devices such as smart watches or smart glasses, and / or may include any of various types of devices with cellular communication capabilities. For example, one or more of STA 106A and / or STA 106B may be wireless devices intended for fixed or nomadic deployment, such as home appliances, measurement devices, control devices, etc.

[0051] STA 106B may also be configured to communicate with STA 106A. For example, STA 106A and STA 106B may be able to perform direct device-to-device (D2D) communication. In some embodiments, such direct communication between STAs may also be referred to as or alternatively referred to as peer-to-peer (P2P) communication. Direct communication may be supported by AP 102 (e.g., AP 102 may facilitate discovery, as well as various possible forms of assistance), or may be performed in a manner not supported by AP 102. According to various embodiments, such P2P communication may be performed using any of 3GPP-based D2D communication technology, Wi-Fi-based P2P communication technology, UWB, BT, and / or various other direct communication technologies.

[0052] STA 106 may include one or more devices or integrated circuits for facilitating wireless communication, which may potentially include a Wi-Fi modem, a cellular modem, and / or one or more other wireless modems. The wireless modem may include one or more processors (processor elements) and various hardware components as described herein. STA 106 may perform any method implementation (or any part thereof) in the method implementation described herein by executing instructions on one or more programmable processors. For example, such as according to various embodiments described herein, STA 106 may be configured to perform a technique for generating and communicating polymer physical layer protocol data units in a wireless communication system. Alternatively or in addition, one or more processors may be one or more programmable hardware elements, such as FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or other circuits configured to perform any method implementation in the method implementation described herein or any part of any method implementation in the method implementation described herein. The wireless modem described herein may be used for a STA device as defined herein, a wireless device as defined herein, or a communication device as defined herein. The wireless modem described herein may also be used for an AP, a base station, a micro cell, a femto cell, or other similar network side devices.

[0053] STA 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using two or more wireless communication protocols or radio access technologies. In some embodiments, STA 106 may be configured to communicate using a single shared radio component. The shared radio component may be coupled to a single antenna, or may be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. Alternatively, STA 106 may include two or more radio components, each of which may be configured to communicate via a corresponding wireless link. Other configurations are also possible.

[0054] Figure 2 – Example block diagram of a STA device

[0055] Figure 2 One possible block diagram of a STA device, such as STA device 106, is illustrated. In some cases, STA 106 may alternatively be referred to as UE 106. STA 106 may also be referred to as non-AP STA 106. As shown, STA 106 may include a system-on-chip (SOC) 300, which may include one or more parts configured for various purposes. Some or all of the various illustrated components (and / or other device components not illustrated, e.g., in variants and alternative arrangements) may be "communicatively coupled" or "operably coupled," which term may be employed herein to refer to components that may communicate directly or indirectly when a device is in operation.

[0056] As shown, the SOC 300 may include a processor 302 that may execute program instructions for the STA device 106 and a display circuit 304 that may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to a display 360. The SOC 300 may also include a motion sensing circuit 370 that may detect the motion of the STA 106, for example, using any of a gyroscope, an accelerometer, and / or various other motion sensing components. The one or more processors 302 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 340 that may be configured to receive addresses from the one or more processors 302 and translate these addresses into locations in a memory (e.g., a memory 306 and a read-only memory (ROM) 350, a flash memory 310). The MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or setup. In some embodiments, the MMU 340 may be included as part of the processor 302.

[0057] As shown, the SOC 300 may be coupled to various other circuits of the STA 106. For example, the STA 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash memory 310), a connector interface 320 (e.g., for coupling to a computer system, a docking station, a charging station, etc.), a display 360, and wireless communication circuitry 330 (e.g., for LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, GPS, UWB, etc.).

[0058] STA 106 may include at least one antenna and in some embodiments may include multiple antennas 335a and 335b for performing wireless communications with base stations and / or other devices. For example, STA 106 may use antennas 335a and 335b to perform wireless communications. As described above, STA 106 may be configured to perform wireless communications using multiple wireless communication standards or radio access technologies (RATs) in some embodiments.

[0059] The wireless communication circuit 330 may include a Wi-Fi modem 332, a cellular modem 334, and a Bluetooth modem 336. The Wi-Fi modem 332 is used to enable the STA 106 to perform Wi-Fi or other WLAN communications, for example, on an 802.11 network. The Bluetooth modem 336 is used to enable the UE device 106 to perform Bluetooth communications. The cellular modem 334 may be a cellular modem capable of performing cellular communications according to one or more cellular communication technologies, for example, according to one or more 3GPP specifications.

[0060] As described herein, the STA 106 may include hardware components and software components for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, one or more components of the wireless communication circuit 330 of the STA 106 (e.g., Wi-Fi modem 332, cellular modem 334, BT modem 336) may be configured as, for example, a processor executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium), a processor configured as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and / or using dedicated hardware components that may include an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) to implement part or all of the methods described herein for use of polymer physical layer protocol data units.

[0061] Figure 3 – Block diagram of an access point

[0062] Figure 3 An example block diagram of an access point (AP) 104 according to some embodiments is illustrated. In some cases (e.g., in the context of 802.11 communications), the AP 104 may also be referred to as a station (STA), and may be more specifically referred to as an AP STA. Note that Figure 3 The AP 104 is just one example of a possible access point. As shown, the AP 104 may include a processor 404 that may execute program instructions for the AP 104. The processor 404 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 440 or other circuit or device that may be configured to receive addresses from the processor 404 and convert these addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory 460 and read-only memory (ROM) 450).

[0063] AP 104 may include at least one network port 470. Network port 470 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and communicate with the network as described above. Figure 1 As described in the foregoing, access to a telephone network is provided to multiple devices such as STA device 106.

[0064] The network port 470 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, such as a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility-related services and / or other services to multiple devices, such as the UE device 106. In some cases, the network port 470 may be coupled to a telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., in other UE devices served by the cellular service provider).

[0065] AP 104 may include one or more radio components 430A to 430N and at least one antenna 434 (and may include multiple antennas), each radio component may be coupled to a corresponding communication chain. One or more antennas 434 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE devices 106 / 107 via radio component 430. Antennas 434A to 434N communicate with their corresponding radio components 430A to 430N via communication chains 432A to 432N. Communication chain 432 may be a receiving chain, a transmitting chain, or both. Radio components 430A to 430N may be configured to communicate according to various wireless communication standards (including but not limited to LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, UWB, Wi-Fi, BT, etc.). AP 104 may be configured to operate on multiple wireless links using one or more radio components 430A to 430N, wherein each radio component is used to operate on a corresponding wireless link.

[0066] AP 104 may be configured to perform wireless communications using multiple wireless communication standards. In some cases, AP 104 may include multiple radio components that enable network entities to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, AP 104 may include an LTE or 5G NR radio component for performing communications according to LTE, and a Wi-Fi radio component for performing communications according to Wi-Fi. In such cases, AP 104 may be able to operate as both an LTE base station and a Wi-Fi access point. As another possibility, AP 104 may include a multimode radio component capable of performing communications according to any of a plurality of wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, 5G NR and LTE, etc.). As another possibility, AP 104 may be configured to be used exclusively as a Wi-Fi access point, for example, without cellular communication capabilities.

[0067] As further described herein, the AP 104 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting the specific implementation of the features described herein (such as generating and communicating polymer physical layer protocol data units in a wireless communication system). The processor 404 of the AP 104 may be configured to implement or support implementing part or all of the methods described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium) to operate multiple wireless links using multiple corresponding radio components. Alternatively, the processor 404 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition), in combination with one or more of the other components 430, 432, 434, 440, 450, 460, 470, the processor 404 of the AP 104 may be configured to implement or support implementing part or all of the features described herein.

[0068] Figures 4 to 5 -Polymer physical layer protocol data unit usage flow chart

[0069] A Wi-Fi communication system may include multiple generations of wireless devices, such as potentially including devices associated with the 6th generation of Wi-Fi ("Wi-Fi 6", "Wi-Fi 6E", "High Efficiency" or "HE" devices, e.g., including devices operating based on IEEE 802.11ax), devices associated with the 7th generation of Wi-Fi ("Wi-Fi 7", "Extreme High Throughput" or "EHT" devices, e.g., including devices operating based on IEEE 802.11be), and / or devices associated with the 8th generation of Wi-Fi ("Wi-Fi 8", "Ultra High Reliability" or "UHR" devices, e.g., including devices operating based on specifications established by the UHR IEEE 802.11 Working Group), among other possibilities.

[0070] Potential differences in compatibility and capabilities in multi-generation systems may result in lower medium efficiency. For example, if the bandwidth capability of an earlier generation ("legacy") wireless device is less than the operating bandwidth of an associated access point wireless device, one possibility may be that some of the operating bandwidth (e.g., secondary channels) is not used when performing communications with the legacy device.

[0071] Thus, providing techniques that enable more efficient use of wireless media in multi-generation wireless communication systems can have significant benefits, at least in some cases. One opportunity to provide such techniques may include supporting the use of aggregate physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit transmissions, where multiple PHY protocol data units (PPDUs) that may potentially have different formats (e.g., associated with different wireless communication technology generations) may be included in the same transmission.

[0072] therefore, Figures 4 to 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method for supporting transmission and reception of downlink and uplink aggregated downlink physical layer protocol data units (A-PPDUs) in a WLAN according to some embodiments. In various embodiments, some of the elements of the method shown may be performed simultaneously in an order different from that shown, may be replaced by other method elements, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as needed.

[0073] Figures 4 to 5 Aspects of the method may be performed by a wireless device (such as, Figures 1 to 3 The AP 104 or UE 106 illustrated and described in relation to these figures may be implemented, or more generally, may be implemented in combination with any of the computer circuits, systems, devices, elements or components, etc. illustrated in the figures as desired. For example, the processor (and / or other hardware) of such a device may be configured to cause the device to perform any combination of the illustrated method elements and / or other method elements.

[0074] Note that although the present invention is described in a manner that relates to the use of communication techniques and / or features associated with IEEE 802.11 specification documents, Figures 4 to 5 but this description is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and Figures 4 to 5 The aspects of the method can be used in any suitable wireless communication system as desired. As shown in the figure, these methods can be operated as follows.

[0075] At least two wireless devices (which may also be referred to herein as "wireless stations," "stations," or "STAs") may establish a wireless association. According to various embodiments, the wireless association may be established using Wi-Fi, wireless communication technologies based at least in part on Wi-Fi, and / or any of a variety of other wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, an access point (AP) wireless device may provide a beacon transmission that includes information for associating with an AP wireless device, and one or more other wireless devices (e.g., non-AP wireless devices) may request to associate with the AP wireless device using the information provided in the beacon transmission. Variations and / or other techniques for establishing an association are also possible.

[0076] According to at least some embodiments, the AP wireless device may provide wireless LAN functionality to associated wireless devices. As part of the wireless LAN functionality, the wireless devices may contend for medium access and may perform wireless transmissions on one or more wireless communication channels (each of which may include multiple sub-channels) according to general provisions of the wireless communication technology used by the wireless LAN (e.g., as one possibility, Wi-Fi) and / or network-specific parameters configured by the AP wireless device.

[0077] The AP wireless device may perform downlink transmissions to multiple recipient wireless devices associated with it. According to at least some embodiments, the AP wireless device may contend for medium access (e.g., to avoid conflicts and potential interference) and, once medium access is obtained, send an initial control frame (ICF) to the destination wireless device (452). After sending the ICF and receiving an initial response frame (IR) (454) from two or more destination wireless devices, a downlink aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (A-PPDU) may be sent to the destination wireless device (456). The downlink A-PPDU may include physical layer signaling (e.g., including: a preamble for frame detection, timing and frequency synchronization, channel estimation, etc., and header information indicating packet configuration, format, data rate, channel occupancy time and / or other control information) and data (which may in turn include one or more higher layer packets, such as a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU)).

[0078] A downlink A-PPDU may be aggregated in the sense of having multiple frequency domain multiplexed PPDUs that may have different formats. For example, different PPDUs may be generated based on different generations of wireless communication technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi as one possibility) and may have at least some differences, for example, in the PHY signaling fields used for the different PPDUs. Alternatively, in some instances, different PPDUs may have the same format. In some instances, different PPDUs may be sent on different subchannels of a frequency channel on which the entire downlink A-PPDU is sent; in other words, the PPDUs of the A-PPDU may be multiplexed in the frequency domain. For example, a downlink A-PPDU may occupy a frequency channel including a primary subchannel and a secondary subchannel, and a first PPDU (e.g., having a first PPDU format) may be sent on the primary subchannel, while a second PPDU (e.g., having a second PPDU format that may be the same as or different from the first PPDU format) may be sent on the secondary subchannel. As one such possibility, the first PPDU format may include a HE format or an EHT format, while the second PPDU format may include a HE format or a UHR format. For example, the HE format may include a HE MU PPDU (e.g., a HE OFDMA transmission or a HE MU-MIMO transmission), the EHT format may include an EHT MU PPDU (e.g., an EHT SU transmission, an EHT OFDMA transmission, or an EHT MU-MIMO transmission), the UHR format may include an UHR MU PPDU (e.g., an UHR SU transmission, an UHR OFDMA transmission, or an UHR MU-MIMO transmission), etc. As another possibility, the first PPDU format may include an HE format, and the second PPDU format may also include an HE format, for example, to extend the bandwidth applicable to the HE PPDU, which may be limited to 160 MHz. For example, the HE format may include an HE SU PPDU and / or an HE MU PPDU (e.g., an HE SU transmission, an HE OFDMA transmission, or an HE MU-MIMO transmission).

[0079] Performing such downlink A-PPDU transmissions may allow the AP wireless device to transmit data to wireless devices with less bandwidth capabilities than the AP wireless device (e.g., earlier generation) and wireless devices with less bandwidth capabilities than the AP that may dynamically operate on a secondary subchannel of the AP operating bandwidth, or wireless devices with the same bandwidth as the AP wireless device (e.g., newer generation), and potentially transmit data in a manner that the newer generation devices may benefit from their newer generation features. For example, a first PPDU of a downlink A-PPDU transmission may be transmitted on a primary subchannel to one or more wireless devices with less bandwidth capabilities than the full bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the downlink A-PPDU, while a second PPDU of a downlink A-PPDU transmission may be transmitted to one or more devices with less bandwidth capabilities than the bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the downlink A-PPDU but capable of eMLSR-SC operation / DSO (e.g., one or more UHR STAs capable of EMLSR-SC operation / DSO), or the second PPDU of a downlink A-PPDU transmission may be transmitted by one or more wireless devices with bandwidth capabilities as much as the bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the downlink A-PPDU.

[0080] In some embodiments, a device capable of enhanced multi-link single radio secondary channel (EMLSR-SC) operation and / or dynamic subband operation (DSO) may use this capability to operate on a secondary subchannel provided by an AP wireless device and receive a second PPDU. For example, in some embodiments, the AP wireless device may send an initial control frame to a receiving wireless device for a downlink A-PPDU, which initial control frame may include resource assignment information for the receiving wireless device. For example, this resource assignment information may indicate resource assignments on the primary subchannel for one or more STAs (e.g., in some instances, potentially including STAs that can handle only the operating bandwidth of the primary subchannel) and resource assignments on the secondary subchannel for one or more other STAs (e.g., in some instances, potentially including STAs that can handle the full operating bandwidth of the AP wireless device and support EMLSR-SC operation (and / or DSO)).

[0081] In at least some embodiments, an initial control frame (ICF) may be communicated using non-high throughput (non-HT) duplication (DUP) across the operating bandwidth of an AP wireless device. Since this may include repeating the ICF in every 20 MHz of the AP operating bandwidth, this may help enable wireless devices of different generations, including wireless devices with less operating bandwidth capabilities than the operating bandwidth of the AP wireless device, to successfully receive and decode the ICF. In some embodiments, an enhanced multi-user transmission request (eMU-RTS) frame may be used as the ICF for a downlink A-PPDU. In some embodiments, an enhanced buffer status report poll (eBSRP) may be used as the ICF for a downlink A-PPDU.

[0082] In some embodiments, the ICF may include an indication that a downlink A-PPDU scheduled to follow the ICF includes multiple PPDUs, and may further include an indication that the multiple PPDUs have the same or different formats. As one such possibility, an "Aggregate PPDU" subfield may be included in the "Common Information" field of an eMU-RTS frame or an eBSRP frame, which may provide a one-bit indicator of whether the ICF is associated with an A-PPDU. Other ways of indicating that a downlink A-PPDU scheduled to follow the ICF includes multiple PPDUs are also possible.

[0083] In at least some embodiments, the receiving wireless devices may respond to the ICF, e.g., to acknowledge receipt of the ICF and availability to receive a subsequent downlink A-PPDU; for example, a clear-to-send (CTS) frame may be provided by each of the receiving wireless devices in response to the eMU-RTS frame, or a buffer status report (BSR) frame may be provided by each of the receiving wireless devices (e.g., on their corresponding assigned resource allocations) in response to the eBSRP frame. The AP wireless device may send a downlink A-PPDU after receiving this initial response (IR) frame (e.g., CTS or BSR).

[0084] It should be noted that, at least in some instances, the AP wireless device may modify one or more PHY signaling elements for one or more PPDUs included in a downlink A-PPDU to facilitate efficient reception of the A-PPDU by all receiving devices and / or to improve coexistence on the wireless medium. For example, in a scenario where the first PPDU is a HE MU PPDU and the second PPDU is a UHR MU PPDU, the L-SIG field of the UHR MU PPDU may be set to the same value as the value set in the L-SIG field of the HE MU PPDU. In at least some embodiments, this may facilitate correct decoding of the L-SIG and calculation of the correct transmission time of the A-PPDU by other wireless devices sharing the wireless medium with the AP wireless device and the receiving wireless device. At least as one possibility, a UHR STA receiving the A-PPDU may be able to determine, based on an indication in the ICF that multiple PPDU formats are included in the downlink A-PPDU, to bypass checking the PPDU format using the L-SIG length field, and may instead determine the PPDU format based on, for example, the "PHY version identifier" information in the U-SIG field.

[0085] Although PHY signaling may differ between different MU PPDUs, for example, based on their different PHY formats, there may be cases where, for a PPDU included in an A-PPDU, the number of OFDM symbols in each corresponding PHY preamble field and in the PHY data field may be the same, for example, to support orthogonal transmission between primary and secondary subchannels. To achieve this, the AP wireless device may set / select the same value for certain fields / subfields of the PPDU in the A-PPDU accordingly based on the PPDU included in the A-PPDU transmission.

[0086] As noted herein, it may also be potentially possible for multiple PPDUs of an A-PPDU to have the same format; for example, in some instances, both the first PPDU and the second PPDU may use the HE PPDU format. For example, in some embodiments, the approach may be used in a scenario where a receiver on a primary channel is capable of receiving HE PPDUs but not UHR PPDUs and a receiver on a secondary channel is capable of receiving both HE PPDUs and UHR PPDUs. For example, at least according to some embodiments, it may be possible that when the PPDUs in an A-PPDU have the same format, PHY signaling element modifications are not necessary to facilitate efficient reception of the A-PPDUs by all receiving devices, which may potentially reduce the complexity cost of implementing such an approach while still providing a significantly increased potential throughput compared to a non-aggregate PPDU transmission approach.

[0087] The receiving wireless devices of the A-PPDU may use their operating bandwidth to receive their corresponding PPDU portions of the A-PPDU. For wireless devices having an operating bandwidth that is smaller than the bandwidth occupied by the A-PPDU and having resource allocation on the primary subchannel, in some embodiments, this may include receiving only the first PPDU on the primary subchannel. In some embodiments, for wireless devices having an operating bandwidth that is smaller than the bandwidth occupied by the A-PPDU but capable of eMLSR-SC operation (and / or DSO), or having an operating bandwidth that is as much as the bandwidth occupied by the A-PPDU and having resource allocation on the secondary subchannel, this may include receiving the A-PPDU on the secondary subchannel and extracting the second PPDU (or the portion thereof directed to the wireless device).

[0088] In some embodiments, the AP wireless device may also or alternatively be able to request uplink A-PPDUs from multiple wireless devices and receive uplink A-PPDUs from the multiple wireless devices. At least according to some embodiments, the uplink A-PPDU may similarly occupy a frequency channel including a primary subchannel and an auxiliary subchannel, so that a first PPDU having a first PPDU format may be received on the primary subchannel, and a second PPDU having a second PPDU format may be received on the auxiliary subchannel. As one such possibility, the first PPDU format may include a HE format or an EHT format, and the second PPDU format may include a HE format or a UHR format.

[0089] Similar to the downlink A-PPDU scenario, such an AP wireless device may send an ICF, such as an eMU-RTS or eBSRP for an uplink A-PPDU (552), which may indicate resource assignments for the uplink A-PPDU and may indicate that the uplink A-PPDU includes multiple PPDUs, and may further indicate that the multiple PPDUs have the same or different formats (e.g., similarly using the "aggregate PPDU" subfield of the "common information" field of the eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame, at least as one possibility). The corresponding wireless device may respond to the ICF (e.g., with a CTS frame or a BSR frame) (554), after which the AP wireless device may send a trigger frame (556) having a common information field, possibly a special user information field (e.g., information indicating different variants of the user information field), and multiple user information fields, and each user information field may be a HE variant, EHT variant, or UHR variant user information field corresponding to a request for a HE, EHT, or UHR uplink PPDU.

[0090] Based on the aggregated trigger frame, the requested uplink PPDU may be sent by the corresponding wireless device. The sending of these uplink PPDUs may actually form an uplink A-PPDU, which may be received by the AP wireless device (558).

[0091] It should be noted that, at least in some instances, the UHR wireless device may modify one or more PHY signaling elements for a UHR PPDU included in an uplink A-PPDU to facilitate efficient reception of the A-PPDU by the AP wireless device and / or to improve coexistence on the wireless medium. For example, in a scenario where the first PPDU is a HE TB PPDU and the second PPDU is a UHR TB PPDU, the L-SIG field of the UHR TB PPDU may be set to the same value as the value set in the L-SIG field of the HE TB PPDU. In at least some embodiments, this may facilitate correct decoding of the L-SIG by other wireless devices that share the wireless medium with the transmitting wireless device and the AP wireless device and calculation of the correct transmission time of the A-PPDU. At least as one possibility, a UHR STA that transmits a UHR TB PPDU in an A-PPDU may be able to determine to modify the "LENGTH" subfield in the L-SIG field to the same value as the value set in the HE TB PPDU in the A-PPDU based on an indication in the ICF that multiple PPDU formats are included in the uplink A-PPDU.

[0092] Although PHY signaling may be different between different TB PPDUs, for example, based on their different PHY formats, there may be cases where, for a PPDU included in an A-PPDU, the number of OFDM symbols in each corresponding PHY preamble field and in the PHY data field may be the same, for example, to support orthogonal transmission between primary and secondary subchannels. To achieve this, the AP wireless device may set / select the same value for certain fields / subfields of the PPDU in the A-PPDU accordingly based on the PPDU included in the A-PPDU transmission.

[0093] As in the case of the downlink A-PPDU, it may also be potentially possible for multiple PPDUs of the uplink A-PPDU to have the same format; for example, in some instances, both the first PPDU and the second PPDU may use the HE PPDU format.

[0094] Thus, similar to the downlink A-PPDU scenario, it is possible that the uplink A-PPDU scenario may support simultaneous communication of PPDUs from both earlier generation STAs supporting less than the full operating bandwidth of the AP wireless device and later generation STAs supporting the full operating bandwidth of the AP wireless device, for example, using different PPDU formats that may potentially include the latest generation PPDU format supported by each of the corresponding wireless devices, or possibly using the same PPDU format (which may be a PPDU format supported by all wireless devices involved in the A-PPDU transmission). For example, a first PPDU may be sent on a primary subchannel by one or more wireless devices (e.g., one or more HE or EHT STAs) having a bandwidth capability smaller than the bandwidth of a frequency channel occupied by an uplink A-PPDU, and a second PPDU may be sent on a secondary subchannel by one or more wireless devices (e.g., one or more UHR STAs capable of EMLSR-SC operation / DSO) having a bandwidth capability smaller than the bandwidth of a frequency channel occupied by an uplink A-PPDU, or may be sent on a secondary subchannel by one or more wireless devices having a bandwidth capability as large as the bandwidth of a frequency channel occupied by an uplink A-PPDU.

[0095] Therefore, according to Figures 4 to 5 According to at least some embodiments of the method, it is possible to convey multiple frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs in an aggregate transmission, which can potentially improve scheduling flexibility, medium usage efficiency and throughput, and / or reduce latency in multi-generation wireless communication systems, among other possible benefits.

[0096] Figures 6 to 27 and additional information

[0097] Figure 6 to Figure 27 Illustrate that it is possible to combine Figures 4 to 5 However, it should be noted that Figure 6 to Figure 27 The exemplary details illustrated in and described with respect to these figures are not intended to limit the disclosure as a whole: many variations and alternatives to the details provided below are possible and should be considered within the scope of the disclosure.

[0098] In an IEEE 802.11 deployment, it may be the case that an AP is able to support a larger bandwidth than at least some STAs. For example, it may be the case that an 802.11ax AP supports 160MHz bandwidth usage, while non-AP STAs support up to 80MHz bandwidth usage. Utilizing the upper 80MHz (secondary channel) provided by the AP may improve the quality of service (QoS) of the STAs.

[0099] It is possible to utilize Enhanced Multi-Link Single Radio (EMLSR) to support STA operation on a secondary channel (SC). EMLSR technology can be supported in an Enhanced High Throughput (EHT) system and can enable channel / band switching based on an Initial Control Frame (ICF). Figure 6 As shown, ICF can be used to inform STAs with eMLSR-SC operation / DSO capabilities to switch channels to secondary channels. The initial response (IR) frame from the STA can indicate that the STA has switched channels and is ready for downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) operation. It is possible to use at least some existing EMLSR / DSO rules for such operations.

[0100] It is expected that multiple generations of Wi-Fi devices will coexist in many wireless communication systems. For example, as IEEE 802.11 standard development continues, "High Efficiency" (HE, sometimes referred to as Wi-Fi 6) and "Extreme High Throughput" (EHT, sometimes referred to as Wi-Fi 7) devices may coexist with "Ultra High Reliability" (UHR, sometimes referred to as Wi-Fi 8) devices. Such devices may include, for example, 320MHz Wi-Fi 8 AP / STA, 160MHz Wi-Fi 6 / 7 / 8 STA, and 80MHz Wi-Fi 6 / 7 / 8 STA. If the bandwidth of a HE or EHT STA is less than the AP bandwidth, it is possible that the secondary channel will not be used, which may result in lower medium efficiency. For example, transmissions between a Wi-Fi 8 AP and an old STA that only occupies a portion of the BSS bandwidth may not fully utilize the available frequency resources, resulting in lower efficiency, especially when an AP with a 320MHz operating bandwidth schedules an 80MHz-only HE STA, or an 80MHz / 160MHz HE STA, that does not support the transmission and reception of a 160MHz physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). On the other hand, using the old PPDU format to include full BSS bandwidth transmission of both Wi-Fi 6 STAs and Wi-Fi 8 STAs may not fully utilize the capabilities of Wi-Fi 8 STAs (e.g., 4K QAM, MRU, UEQM, longer length LDPC, UL BF), potentially resulting in lower efficiency and less scheduling flexibility.

[0101] However, it is possible to enhance EMLSR-SC operation / DSO to allow HE / EHT and UHR STAs to share the entire AP bandwidth, including, for example, by multiplexing the same or different generations of PPDUs in one transmission. This enhancement to EMLSR-SC operation / DSO by utilizing EMLSR-SC operation / DSO to implement an aggregated PPDU (A-PPDU) can therefore potentially improve medium efficiency, throughput and / or latency, as well as improve scheduling flexibility, and can allow UHR STAs with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capabilities to be scheduled for UHR PPDUs or HE PPDUs on secondary channels, while allowing HE / EHT STAs with bandwidths smaller than the AP bandwidth to use primary channels for HE / EHT PPDUs (e.g., potentially even including scheduling only 80MHz HE STAs in a 160MHz or 320MHz A-PPDU).

[0102] An initial control frame (ICF) such as an enhanced multi-user transmission request (eMU-RTS) frame or an enhanced buffer status report poll (eBSRP) frame can be used to signal to a STA with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capability whether it is participating in OFDMA PPDU or A-PPDU transmission on the assigned resource unit (RU) in the secondary channel. In the common information field of the MU-RTS frame, bit 22 (B22) is currently reserved. Therefore, as a possibility, B22 in the eMU-RTS common information field can be defined as an "aggregate PPDU" subfield, where one value (e.g., as a possibility, 0) indicates that the EMLSR-SC STA is participating in DL or UL OFDMA PPDU transmission, and another value (e.g., as a possibility, 1) indicates that the EMLSR-SC STA is participating in DL or UL A-PPDU transmission. Figure 7 Aspects of one such possible frame format including an "aggregate PPDU" subfield in B22 according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the common information field of the trigger frame, bit 63 (B63) is currently reserved. Therefore, as one possibility, B63 in the eMU-RTS or eBSRP common information field may be defined as an "aggregate PPDU" subfield, where one value (e.g., 0 as one possibility) indicates that the EMLSR-SC STA is participating in DL or UL L OFDMA PPDU transmission, and another value (e.g., 1 as one possibility) indicates that the EMLSR-SC STA is participating in DL or UL A-PPDU transmission. Figure 8 Aspects of one such possible frame format including an "Aggregate PPDU" subfield in B63 are illustrated in accordance with some embodiments.

[0103] In the 802.11be specification, it may be the case that requesting a HE TB PPDU in a P80 channel and an EHT / UHR TB PPDU in an S80 channel in one transmission is not allowed. In some embodiments, to be able to schedule 80MHz-only HE STAs on the P80 channel for HE PPDUs and schedule EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capable UHR STAs on the S80 channel for EHT / UHR PPPDUs, this rule may be applied if "aggregated PPDU" is indicated in the eMU-RTS or eBSRP frame. Instead, the PPDU format used in subsequent DL or UL transmissions for EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capable STAs may be signaled in the "PHY Version Identifier" subfield in the Special User Information field. It should be noted that, at least according to some embodiments, if HE STAs are not included in the A-PPDU transmission, then "aggregate PPDU" signaling may not be required, for example, because there may be the following situation: 80MHz / 160MHz EHT STAs must support 320MHz PPDU transmission and reception on P80 / P160 channels.

[0104] Figures 9 and 10 Example details of possible downlink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDU and EHT format PPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example scenario, a forward compatible preamble design starting from 802.11be can be used, which can provide symbol alignment for EHT PPDU and future generations of PPDU. By allowing different USIGs, the EHT-SIG content of each 80MHz channel can facilitate the possibility of multiplexing different generations of PPDUs in one transmission. An initial control frame such as MU-RTS (eMU-RTS) or eBSRP frame can inform STAs with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capabilities to switch to the auxiliary channel, and the transmission after the corresponding CTS or BSR frame can be scheduled for the A-PPDU. Signaling can be transparent to old devices. In an A-PPDU including only EHT STAs and future generations of STAs, A-PPDU signaling may not be required because the PPDU format can be determined by the "PHY version identifier" in the USIG (e.g., instead of the length field value in the LSIG). A STA capable of EMLSR-SC operation / DSO can determine the DL MU PPDU format after decoding the USIG.

[0105] According to at least some embodiments, a 320MHz Wi-Fi 8 AP may be able to generate a 320MHz A-PPDU by setting the U-SIG bandwidth subfield value to 320MHz, because the U-SIG, EHT-SIG, and UHR-SIG contents may vary per 80MHz channel, and only 80MHz / 160MHz EHT STAs must support reception and transmission of 320MHz PPDUs on the primary 80MHz / 160MHz channel. It may be the case that the number of OFDM symbols in the EHT-SIG and UHR-SIG fields should be the same, for example, to ensure orthogonal transmission between the P160 channel and the S160 channel. The same requirements may apply to the EHT-LTF field and the UHR-LTF field, as well as the EHT data and UHR data fields. At least according to some embodiments, those requirements can be met by setting the same values ​​for the following subfields, respectively: "Number of EHT-SIG / UHR-SIG symbols" in U-SIG, "GI+LTF size", "Number of EHT-LTFs", "Number of UHR-LTF symbols", "LDPC additional symbol segment", "Pre-FEC filling factor", and "PE disambiguation" in the EHT-SIG field and the UHR-SIG field. Fig.11 Further example format details of a DL aggregated MU PPDU in such an A-PPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example, a 160 MHz only EHT STA may be scheduled with an EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capable STA. The AP may send a 160 MHz EHT MU PPDU in a P160 channel as a SU, OFDMA, or MU-MIMO transmission and a 160 MHz UHR MU PPDU in an S160 channel as a SU, OFDMA, or MU-MIMO transmission.

[0106] Figure 12 to Figure 13Example details of possible downlink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR MU PPDUs and HE MU PPDUs according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example scenario, it may be the case that the DL A-PPDU will not schedule the HE SU PPDU and HE SU ERP PDU on the primary channel, for example, due to misalignment of the preamble symbol with the EHT / UHR PPDU format. If the Wi-Fi 8 AP schedules the HE STA on the primary channel in the A-PPDU, the AP may transmit the HE MU PPDU. If one or more 80MHz HE STAs do not support receiving a 160MHz HE MU PPDU on the P80 channel, the AP may need to generate two orthogonal PPDUs. Otherwise, the Wi-Fi 8 AP may be able to generate a 160MHz A-PPDU. The length field in the L-SIG for the UHR MU PPDU may be set to the same value as that set in the HE MU PPDU (e.g., mod(length, 3) = 2) so that other 160 MHz / 320 MHz wireless devices may correctly decode the L-SIG and calculate the correct TXTIME. According to at least some embodiments, if "Aggregate PPDU" is set to 1 in a previous eMU-RTS or eBSRP frame, an EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capable STA may use the length field value in the L-SIG to bypass the PPDU format check and may instead determine the PPDU format based on the "PHY Version Identifier" field in the USIG.

[0107] If all participating 80MHz HE STAs support receiving 160MHz HE MU PPDUs on the P80 channel, the Wi-Fi 8 AP may be able to generate a 160MHz DLA-PPDU by setting the HE-SIG-A and U-SIG bandwidth subfield values ​​to 160MHz. If one or more 80MHz HE STAs do not support receiving 160MHz HE MU PPDUs on the P80 channel, the AP may need to generate two orthogonal PPDUs. The AP may set the bandwidth subfield in each of the HE-SIG-A field and the U-SIG field to 80MHz. HE STAs may only decode HE-SIG-A and HE-SIG-B transmitted on the P80 channel, while STAs with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capabilities may only decode U-SIG and UHR-SIG transmitted on the S80 channel. The number of OFDM symbols in HE-SIG-B and UHR-SIG may be the same to ensure orthogonal transmission between the P80 channel and the S80 channel. The same requirements may apply to the HE-LTF field and the UHR-LTF field, as well as the HE data and UHR data fields. At least according to some embodiments, those requirements may be met by setting the same values ​​for the following subfields, respectively: "Number of HE-SIG-B symbols" in HE-SIG-A and "Number of UHR-SIG symbols" in U-SIG, "GI+LTF size", "Number of HE-LTFs", "Number of UHR-LTF symbols", "LDPC additional symbol segments", "Pre-FEC padding factor", and "PE disambiguation". Fig.14 Further example format details of a DL aggregated MU PPDU in such an A-PPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example, an 80 MHz HE STA may be scheduled with an EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capable STA. As previously discussed, the length field in the L-SIG for the UHR MU PPDU may be set to the same value as that set in the HE MU PPDU, e.g., so that if the LSIG is combined on a different 20 MHz channel, other 160 MHz / 320 MHz devices may correctly decode the length and calculate the correct TXTIME.

[0108] For UL A-PPDU, after receiving a CTS or BSR frame from a legacy STA and an EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capable STA in response to an eMU-RTS or eBSRP transmission, the AP may transmit a trigger frame including a HE / EHT / UHR variant user information field (e.g., depending on the STA involved) to the HE / EHT STA and the UHR STA with eMLSR-SC operation / DSO capability to request a UL A-PPDU. To request a 160MHz / 320MHz UL A-PPDU including a HE STA, if "Aggregate PPDU" is set to 1 in a previous eMU-RTS or eBSRP frame, the UHR AP may transmit a trigger frame including a HE variant user information field associated with a STA assigned on the primary channel and a UHR variant user information field associated with a STA assigned on the secondary channel with the UL bandwidth set to 80MHz / 160MHz. To request a 160MHz / 320MHz UL A-PPDU including only 80MHz / 160MHz EHT STAs, the UHR AP may transmit a trigger frame including an EHT variant user information field associated with the STA assigned on the P80 / P160 channel and a UHR variant user information field associated with the STA assigned on the secondary channel. To request a 160MHz / 320MHz UL A-PPDU including HE STAs, if both "Aggregated PPDU" and "Same PPDU Format" (Special User Information Field B37 or Common Information Field B56) are set to 1 in the previous eMU-RTS or eBSRP frame, the UHR AP may transmit a trigger frame including an HE variant user information field associated with the STA assigned on the primary channel and an HE variant user information field associated with the STA assigned on the secondary channel with the UL bandwidth set to 80MHz / 160MHz. The symbol-aligned UL TB PPDU format may allow a Wi-Fi 8 AP to trigger synchronized mixed-generation UL TB PPDUs from legacy STAs and eMLSR SC-capable STAs in one transmission. According to at least some embodiments, each individual UL TB PPDU may be in the form of a SU, OFDMA, or MU-MIMO transmission. If a HE STA is included in an A-PPDU, the UL length in the trigger frame common information field may be set based on the HE TB PPDU calculation, for example, as specified in the 802.11be specification.If "Aggregate PPDU" is set to 1 in the eMU-RTS or eBSRP frame, if one or more HE STAs are scheduled in the A-PPDU (for example, as indicated by signaling in the UHR basic trigger frame common information), the length field in the L-SIG of the UHR TB PPDU on the S80 channel can be set to the same value as the HE TB PPDU, i.e., mod(length, 3) = 1, so that L-SIG decoding is not affected when other 160MHz / 320MHz devices are combining preambles for decoding.

[0109] Figure 15 to Figure 16Example details of possible uplink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDUs and EHT format PPDUs according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example scenario, a 320MHz Wi-Fi 8 AP may trigger a 160MHz EHT TB PPDU from EHT STA 1 on the P160 channel, and trigger a 160MHz UHR TB PPDU from STA 2 with eMLSR SC operation / DSO capability on the S160 channel. It should be noted that the AP is able to trigger more STAs to send UL OFDMA or UL MU-MIMO TB PPDUs on the P160 and / or S160 channels. For ease of understanding, the illustrated example shows that only one STA is triggered in each of the P160 channel and the S160 channel. In some embodiments, the trigger frame requesting such UL EHT+UHR TB PPDU may include setting the common information fields B54, B55 to 0 and setting the special user information "PHY version identifier" to 0, for example, for backward compatibility with EHT STAs. If the UL BW is set to 160MHz, the user information field B39 set to 0 may indicate an EHT TB PPDU. According to various embodiments, for UHRTB PPDU indication, it may be possible that both the common information B56 set to 0 and the user information field B39 set to 1 indicate a UHR TB PPDU, or that the special user information reserved bit B37 set to 1 and the user information field B39 set to 1 indicate a UHR TB PPDU. If the UL BW is set to 80MHz, the user information field B12 bit (B0 bit of the RU allocation subfield) set to 0 may indicate an EHT TB PPDU. According to various embodiments, for UHR TB PPDU indication, it may be possible that the common information B56 set to 0 and the user information field B12 bit (B0 bit of the RU allocation subfield) set to 1 indicate the UHR TB PPDU, or the special user information reserved bit B37 set to 1 and the user information field B12 set to 1 indicate the UHR TB PPDU.

[0110] Fig.17Further possible frame details of an example scenario in which uplink A-PPDU transmission including UHR format PPDU and EHT format PPDU is performed according to some embodiments are illustrated. As shown, in this example, multiple EHT STAs and UHR STAs may be involved in the uplink A-PPDU. In the illustrated scenario, if EHT STA 1 is an 80MHz-only STA, an EHT UL OFDMA PPDU may be triggered on the P160 channel, otherwise an EHT ULOFDMA or MU-MIMO PPDU may be triggered on the P160 channel. If one of the STAs with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capability is an 80MHz-only STA, a UHR UL OFDMA PPDU may be triggered on the S160 channel, otherwise a UHR SU, ULOFDMA or MU-MIMO PPDU may be triggered on the S160 channel. In at least some instances, it can be specified that the number of OFDM symbols in the UHR-LTF field and the EHT-LTF field and the number of OFDM symbols in the UHR data and EHT data fields should be the same, which can be achieved by sharing the same values ​​in the following subfields of the trigger frame common information field: "Trigger Type", "UL Length", "GI and HE / EHT / UHR-LTF Type", "Number of HE / EHT / UHR-LTF Symbols", "LDPC Additional Symbol Segment", "Pre-FEC Filling Factor" and "PE Disambiguation".

[0111] Figure 18 to Figure 19Example details of possible uplink A-PPDU transmissions including UHR format PPDUs and HE format PPDUs according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example scenario, if the UL A-PPDU includes only 80MHz HE STAs that do not support 160MHz HE TB PPDU transmission, the UL bandwidth may be set to 80MHz in the basic trigger frame. If the UL A-PPDU includes only 80MHz HE STAs that all support 160MHz HE TB PPDU transmission, the UL bandwidth may be set to 160MHz in the basic trigger frame. In some embodiments, the trigger frame requesting such UL HE+UHR TB PPDU may include setting the common information field B54 to 1 and setting B55 to 0. If the UL BW is set to 160MHz, the user information field "PS160" subfield set to 0 may indicate the HE TB PPDU. The user information field "PS160" subfield set to 1 and the special user information "PHY version identifier" subfield may both indicate the UHR TB PPDU. If the UL BW is set to 80 MHz, the user information field B12 bit (B0 bit of the RU allocation subfield) set to 0 may indicate a HE TB PPDU, while the B12 bit set to 1 and the special user information "PHY version identifier" subfield set to 1 may indicate a UHR TB PPDU. For both DL and UL HE+UHR A-PPDU transmissions, it may be the case that the "LENGTH" field in the LSIG for the UHR PPDU needs to be set to the same value as in the HE PPDU, as described herein.

[0112] Fig. 20 Further possible frame details for example scenarios of performing uplink A-PPDU transmission including UHR format PPDU and HE format PPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated. In at least some instances, it may be specified that the number of OFDM symbols in the UHR-LTF field and the HE-LTF field should be the same, and the same requirements may apply to the UHR data and HE data fields. According to some embodiments, this requirement may be met by sharing the same values ​​in the following subfields in the trigger frame common information field: "Trigger Type", "UL Length", "GI and HE / UHR-LTF Type", "Number of HE / UHR-LTF Symbols", "LDPC Additional Symbol Segment", "Pre-FEC Filling Factor", and "PE Disambiguation".

[0113] In some embodiments, for example, for scenarios where HE and / or EHT STAs are on the primary channel and UHR DS0-capable STAs are on the secondary channel, a DL or UL A-PPDU may include multiple HE PPDUs. One such scenario may include one or more 80MHz-only HE STAs (e.g., which do not support 160MHz DL and UL OFDMA PPDUs) and potentially 80MHz / 160MHz EHT STAs on P80 of a 160MHz operating bandwidth AP in the 5GHz / 6GHz band, and UHR DS0-capable STAs on S80. In this case, 80MHz HE PPDU+80MHz HE PPDU A-PPDU DL / UL transmission may be used with alignment of the preamble field and the data field. The PHY throughput gain of such 160MHz FD A-PPDU operation on 80MHz HE PPDU may potentially be doubled (e.g., due to twice the bandwidth usage). HE SU PPDU+HE SU PPDU transmission may be possible. This may result in significant improvement in packet latency observed by the STAs.

[0114] Figure 21 to Figure 22 Example details of possible downlink A-PPDU transmissions including 160MHz HE PPDU and 160MHz HE MUPPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated. Such a scenario may include one or more 160MHz HE STAs on P160 of a 320MHz operating bandwidth AP in the 6GHz band, and a UHR DS0 capable STA on S160. In this case, at least in some instances, 160MHz HE PPDU+160MHz HE PPDU A-PPDU DL / UL transmissions may be used. Similar to the previous example, the PHY throughput gain of such 320MHz FD A-PPDU operation on a 160MHz HE PPDU may potentially be doubled (e.g., due to twice the bandwidth usage). HE SU PPDU+HE SU PPDU transmissions may be possible. This may also result in significant improvements in packet latency observed by the STAs.

[0115] Still another such scenario may include one or more 80MHz HE STAs supporting transmission / reception of 160MHz HE PPDUs on P80 of a 320MHz operating bandwidth AP in the 6GHz band, and UHR DS0 capable STAs on S80 and S160. In this case, at least in some instances, 160MHz HE MU / TB PPDU+160MHz HE MU / TB PPDU A-PPDU DL / UL transmissions may be used. Similar to the previous example, the PHY throughput gain of such 320MHz FD A-PPDU operation on 160MHz HE PPDU may potentially be doubled (e.g., due to twice the bandwidth usage). This may also result in a significant improvement in the packet latency observed by the STA.

[0116] Yet another such scenario may include one or more 80MHz HE STAs that do not support sending / receiving 160MHz HE PPDUs on P80 of a 320MHz operating bandwidth AP in the 6GHz band, and STAs with UHR DS0 capabilities on S80 and S160. In this case, at least in some instances, 80MHz HE PPDU+80MHz HE PPDU+160MHz HE PPDU A-PPDU DL / UL transmission may be used. The PHY throughput gain of such 320MHz FD A-PPDU operation on 80MHz HE PPDU may potentially quadruple (e.g., due to four times the bandwidth usage). This may also result in a significant improvement in the packet latency observed by the STA.

[0117] Preamble field and data field alignment may still be required to aggregate multiple HE PPDUs. Figure 23 to Figure 24 Further example format details of a DL aggregated SU and MU PPDU in such an A-PPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated.

[0118] Figure 25 to Figure 27Example details of possible uplink A-PPDU transmission operations including HE format PPDU and HE format PPDU according to some embodiments are illustrated. In the illustrated example scenario, the UL bandwidth can be set to 160MHz in the basic trigger frame. In some embodiments, the trigger frame requesting such UL HE+HE TB PPDU may include setting the common information field B54 to 1 and setting B55 to 0. In various embodiments, in the special user information field, the "PHY version identifier" can be 7 to indicate that it is a HE+HE TB A-PPDU, or the "PHY version identifier" set to 1 plus the reserved bit B37 set to 1 can indicate that it is a HE+HE TB A-PPDU.

[0119] Thus, using the techniques described herein, it is possible for A-PPDU usage to support mixed HE / EHT / UHR PPDUs or the same HE+HE PPDU in one transmission. This can make scheduling mixed-generation devices very flexible without sacrificing advanced features of newer generation devices, at least according to some embodiments. In some instances, such A-PPDU transmissions can be supported with STAs capable of EMLSR-SC operation / DSO with specific IEEE 802.11 standard changes. These possible changes may include adding an "aggregate PPDU" subfield (e.g., 1 bit) in the common information field in an initial control frame such as an eMU-RTS or eBSRP frame to indicate whether the subsequent transmission is an A-PPDU transmission or an OFDMA PPDU on a secondary channel. If a HE STA is scheduled in an A-PPDU, the "LENGTH" value in the UHR PPDU L-SIG field may be set to the same as the "LENGTH" value in the HE PPDU, for example, so that other Wi-Fi devices can correctly decode the "LENGTH" if the L-SIG is combined on different 20MHz channels. For DL ​​A-PPDU reception, it is expected that STAs with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capability use the "LENGTH" value in the L-SIG field to bypass the PPDU format check and continue decoding the U-SIG to determine the PPDU format. For UL A-PPDU transmission, if one or more HE STAs are scheduled in the A-PPDU, it is expected that STAs with EMLSR-SC operation / DSO capability set the "LENGTH" value in the UHR TB PPDU L-SIG field to the same as the "LENGTH" value in the HE TB PPDU.

[0120] It is understood that the use of personally identifiable information should be subject to privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized to meet or exceed industry or government requirements for maintaining user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of the authorized use should be clearly stated to users.

[0121] In addition to the above exemplary embodiments, more embodiments of the present disclosure can also be implemented in any of a variety of forms. For example, some embodiments can be implemented as computer-implemented methods, computer-readable storage media, or computer systems. Other embodiments can be implemented using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Other embodiments can be implemented using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0122] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be configured such that it stores program instructions and / or data, wherein if executed by a computer system, the program instructions cause the computer system to perform a method, such as any one of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein or any combination of such subsets.

[0123] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., AP 104 or UE 106) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, wherein the memory medium stores program instructions, wherein the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, wherein the program instructions may be executed to implement any method implementation in the various method implementations described herein (or any combination of the method implementations described herein, or any subset of any method implementation in the method implementations described herein, or any combination of such subsets). The device may be implemented in any of a variety of forms.

[0124] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to include all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. A method, comprising: A downlink aggregated physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) (A-PPDU) including a plurality of frequency domain multiplexed physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) is transmitted.

2. The method according to claim 1, The downlink A-PPDU occupies a frequency channel including a primary subchannel and a secondary subchannel, wherein a first PPDU having a first PPDU format is sent on the primary subchannel, and wherein a second PPDU having a second PPDU format is sent on the secondary subchannel.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first PPDU is sent to one or more wireless devices having a bandwidth capability smaller than a bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the downlink A-PPDU, The second PPDU is sent to a wireless device capable of one or more enhanced multi-link single radio secondary channel (eMLSR-SC) operations or dynamic sub-band operations (DSO) having a bandwidth capability smaller than the bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the downlink A-PPDU.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first PPDU format comprises one of a Wi-Fi High Efficiency (HE) or a Wi-Fi Extreme High Throughput (EHT) format, The second PPDU format includes one of a Wi-Fi HE format or a Wi-Fi Ultra High Reliability (UHR) format.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: An initial control frame (ICF) of the downlink A-PPDU is sent, wherein the initial control frame (ICF) indicates that the downlink A-PPDU includes a plurality of frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs.

6. The method according to claim 5, The ICF of the downlink A-PPDU comprises an enhanced multi-user transmission request (eMU-RTS) frame or an enhanced buffer status report poll (eBSRP) frame.

7. The method according to claim 6, The eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame uses the “Aggregate PPDU” subfield of the “Common Information” field of the eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame to indicate that the downlink A-PPDU includes a plurality of frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs.

8. A wireless device, comprising: one or more antennas; one or more radios operably coupled to the one or more antennas; and a processor operatively coupled to the one or more radio components; The wireless device is configured to: Sending an aggregate trigger frame including multiple trigger frame formats; as well as In response to the aggregation trigger frame, an uplink aggregated physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) (A-PPDU) including a plurality of frequency domain multiplexed physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) is received.

9. The wireless device according to claim 8, The uplink A-PPDU occupies a frequency channel including a primary subchannel and a secondary subchannel, wherein a first PPDU having a first PPDU format is received on the primary subchannel, and wherein a second PPDU having a second PPDU format is received on the secondary subchannel.

10. The wireless device according to claim 9, wherein the first PPDU is received from one or more wireless devices having a bandwidth capability smaller than a bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the uplink A-PPDU, The second PPDU is received from a wireless device capable of one or more enhanced multi-link single radio secondary channel (eMLSR-SC) operations or dynamic sub-band operations (DSO) and having a bandwidth capability smaller than a bandwidth of the frequency channel occupied by the uplink A-PPDU.

11. The wireless device according to claim 9, wherein the first PPDU format comprises one of a Wi-Fi High Efficiency (HE) or a Wi-Fi Extreme High Throughput (EHT) format, The second PPDU format includes Wi-Fi HE or Wi-Fi Ultra High Reliability (UHR) format.

12. The wireless device of claim 8, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: An initial control frame (ICF) of the uplink A-PPDU is sent, wherein the initial control frame (ICF) indicates that the uplink A-PPDU includes a plurality of frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs.

13. The wireless device according to claim 12, The ICF of the uplink A-PPDU includes an enhanced multi-user transmission request (eMU-RTS) frame or an enhanced buffer status report poll (eBSRP) frame.

14. The wireless device according to claim 13, The eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame uses the “Aggregate PPDU” subfield of the “Common Information” field of the eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame to indicate that the uplink A-PPDU includes a plurality of frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs.

15. A device, comprising: processor; and a non-transitory memory element storing instructions executable by the processor to cause the wireless device to: Receiving an initial control frame (ICF) of a downlink aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (A-PPDU), wherein the aggregate physical layer protocol data unit (A-PPDU) includes a plurality of frequency domain multiplexed PPDUs; determining, using the ICF of the downlink A-PPDU, a resource assignment for the wireless device in the downlink A-PPDU; as well as At least a portion of the downlink A-PPDU is received using the resource assignment to the wireless device.

16. The device according to claim 15, The downlink A-PPDU occupies a frequency channel including a primary subchannel and a secondary subchannel, wherein a first PPDU having a first PPDU format occupies the primary subchannel, and wherein a second PPDU having a second PPDU format occupies the secondary subchannel.

17. The device according to claim 16, wherein the first PPDU format comprises one of a Wi-Fi High Efficiency (HE) or a Wi-Fi Extreme High Throughput (EHT) format, The second PPDU format includes Wi-Fi HE or Wi-Fi Ultra High Reliability (UHR) format.

18. The device according to claim 15, The ICF of the downlink A-PPDU includes an enhanced multi-user transmission request (eMU-RTS) frame or an enhanced buffer status report poll (eBSRP) frame, and the enhanced multi-user transmission request (eMU-RTS) frame or the enhanced buffer status report poll (eBSRP) frame indicates that the downlink A-PPDU includes multiple frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs.

19. The device according to claim 18, The eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame uses the “Aggregate PPDU” subfield of the “Common Information” field of the eMU-RTS frame or the eBSRP frame to indicate that the downlink A-PPDU includes a plurality of frequency-domain multiplexed PPDUs.

20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to: receiving an ICF for an uplink A-PPDU including a plurality of frequency domain multiplexed PPDUs; determining a resource assignment for the wireless device in the uplink A-PPDU using the ICF of the uplink A-PPDU receiving a trigger frame for the uplink A-PPDU using the resource assignment to the wireless device; and A portion of the uplink A-PPDU is sent using the resource assignment to the wireless device.

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