Underground state monitoring system and method for rotary steering

Abstract

The invention provides an underground state monitoring system and method for rotary steering. The system comprises a state monitoring module, a master control acquisition module and a real-time communication module, one side of the master control acquisition module is connected with the state monitoring module, and the other side is connected with a central control unit of the rotary steering system through the real-time communication module; the state monitoring module is arranged in a circuit of the rotary guiding system in a mechanical frame pressing mode and obtains vibration and rotating speed data of a rotary guiding head in real time. The main control acquisition module is used for storing vibration and rotating speed data in combination with time sequence information and an acquisition direction, and calculating vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to a set principle; the real-time communication module is used for transmitting data to the central control unit, and the data are uploaded to the ground in real time through mud pulses. According to the scheme, the monitoring technology vacancy of rotary steering underground state data can be effectively filled up, real-time acquisition of accurate vibration data is achieved, the accurate vibration data are efficiently transmitted to the ground, and stable data support is provided for construction decision making.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of downhole monitoring and evaluation of drilling tools, and particularly to a downhole condition monitoring system and method for rotary steering. Background Art

[0002] Drilling technologies for complex structure wells such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells, extended reach wells, and horizontal wells with long horizontal sections are widely used, and there is an urgent need for rotary geosteering drilling technology to improve the drilling speed and efficiency. In order to improve the drilling efficiency, during the drilling process, a screw is often combined with a rotary steering tool to increase the rotational speed of the drill string. On the other hand, the rotary steering system is directly connected to the drill bit, which causes the rotary steering tool to be subjected to severe lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration, torsional vibration, tangential vibration and other complex forms of vibration in the downhole, and then stick-slip torsion occurs. Long-term and high-intensity vibration and stick-slip will cause serious damage to the mechanical structure of the rotary steering tool, and thus affect the fatigue life of the mechanical structure. Drill string fatigue will cause cracks and breakage in the mechanical structure of the rotary steering tool. Bit bounce will cause damage to the drill bit and failure of the bearing seal, and stick-slip will cause a decrease in the steering control ability of the rotary steering tool, and high-frequency torsional oscillation will cause damage to the BHA (Bottom Hole Assembly) components. Therefore, how to obtain the vibration and stick-slip suffered by the rotary steering tool in the first time, and then guide the surface engineer to adjust the drilling plan to relieve the damage to the drilling tool is an urgent matter in petroleum engineering technology.

[0003] The existing downhole drill string vibration monitoring methods are mainly of two types, namely, identifying the downhole vibration condition by inverting the measured drill string rotation speed on the ground, or measuring the relevant parameters of the downhole drill string vibration with low precision by a vibration accelerometer; it is impossible to achieve high-frequency and high-precision sampling measurement of the relevant parameters such as the vibration and rotation speed of the steering head tool of the downhole rotary steering system, and the existing monitoring technologies generally store data by storage, and perform data analysis later, and it is difficult to upload the data to the surface engineer in real time, and it is impossible to provide data support for control decisions in time.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background art part of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background art of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a downhole condition monitoring system for rotary steering. The condition monitoring module is arranged in the circuit of the rotary steering system in a mechanical pressing frame manner to obtain the vibration and rotation speed data of the rotary steering head in real time. The main control acquisition module stores the vibration and rotation speed data in combination with the timing information and the acquisition azimuth, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to the set principles. The real-time communication module transmits the data to the central control unit and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulses. By adopting this solution, it can effectively fill the monitoring technology gap of the downhole condition data of the rotary steering tool, realize the real-time acquisition of accurate vibration data, and efficiently transmit it to the ground, providing stable data support for construction decision-making. Preferably, in one embodiment, the system includes: a condition monitoring module, a main control acquisition module, and a real-time communication module;

[0006] One side of the main control acquisition module is connected to the condition monitoring module, and the other side is connected to the central control unit of the rotary steering system through the real-time communication module;

[0007] The condition monitoring module is arranged in the circuit of the rotary steering system in a mechanical pressing frame manner for obtaining the vibration and rotation speed data of the rotary steering head in real time;

[0008] The main control acquisition module stores the vibration and rotation speed data in combination with the timing information and the acquisition azimuth, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to the set principles;

[0009] The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the vibration and stick-slip level data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulses.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment, the condition monitoring module adopts a vibration measurement circuit module. The vibration measurement circuit module includes a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration range of the downhole rotary steering tool;

[0011] The vibration sensor adopts a digital sensor, which digitally converts the analog signal through the ADC conversion mechanism of the internal logic circuit, and then exchanges data with the main control acquisition module through the SPI port.

[0012] Further, in one embodiment, the CS chip select signal, VDD digital power supply, MOSI, MISO of the digital sensor are designed to be wired and connected to the relevant pins of the MCU. Thus, when the digital sensor exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, it is processed as a slave.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the vibration measurement circuit module further includes a rotation speed detection component for collecting the actual rotation speed of the downhole drill string and exchanging data with the main control acquisition module through the SPI interface.

[0014] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, the vibration sensor and the rotational speed detection component are directly fixedly installed in the circuit of the rotary steering head. Based on the PCB design mechanism and the mechanical structure design mechanism of the circuit board, the downhole vibration measurement circuit module is completely fixed on the circuit framework of the rotary steering head by means of a mechanical pressing frame, without shock absorption installation, and accurately presents the actual downhole vibration situation.

[0015] Further, in an embodiment, a layer of DOW RTV3140 is applied on the surface of the vibration measurement circuit module to play the roles of moisture, dust, and corrosion protection and bonding, preventing the circuits in the vibration measurement circuit module from resonating and causing permanent damage to the circuits.

[0016] Optionally, in an embodiment, the real-time communication module adopts a main control communication circuit, including a communication MCU, a crystal oscillator, a CAN communication chip, and an SCI communication chip. By customizing the CAN communication protocol format, the CAN communication chip is used to exchange data with the main control acquisition module.

[0017] Preferably, in an embodiment, after the real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, the obtained vibration level and stick-slip level data are packed, and then transmitted to the surface control center through mud pulse signals in response to the instructions of the central control unit.

[0018] Based on the application aspects of the system in any one or more of the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a downhole state monitoring method for rotary steering. This method is applied to the system in any one or more of the above embodiments, and the method includes:

[0019] The state monitoring module is arranged on the circuit of the rotary steering system by means of a mechanical pressing frame;

[0020] When the rotary steering system conducts downhole operations, the state monitoring module is used to obtain the vibration and rotational speed data of the rotary steering head;

[0021] The main control acquisition module stores the vibration and rotational speed data in combination with the timing information and the acquisition azimuth, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to the set principles;

[0022] The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the vibration and stick-slip level data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system and uploads them to the surface in real time through mud pulses.

[0023] Based on other aspects of the method in the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a storage medium, on which program codes for implementing the method in the above embodiments are stored.

[0024] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention also has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] A downhole condition monitoring system and method for rotary steering provided by the present invention. The system includes a condition monitoring module and a main control acquisition module. The condition monitoring module is arranged in the circuit of the rotary steering system in a mechanical pressing frame manner to obtain the vibration and rotation speed data of the rotary steering head in real time. This application can not only collect the downhole vibration data of the rotary steering tool, but also analyze the stick-slip condition by combining the rotation speed data of the drill string, providing all-round support for technical decision-making. In addition, this application is arranged in the circuit of the rotary steering system in a mechanical pressing frame manner, completely restoring the downhole vibration and stick-slip conditions without affecting the operation of the rotary steering circuit and without the need for shock absorption treatment.

[0026] The system of this application also includes a real-time communication module. One side of the main control acquisition module is connected to the condition monitoring module, and the other side is connected to the central control unit of the rotary steering system through the real-time communication module. The main control acquisition module stores according to the vibration and rotation speed data combined with the timing information and the acquisition azimuth, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to the set principles. The data is transmitted to the central control unit through the real-time communication module and uploaded to the ground in real time through mud pulses. This solution obtains accurate vibration and rotation speed data, analyzes the vibration and rotation speed levels in the corresponding intervals downhole, and efficiently transmits them to the ground, with low storage requirements for downhole components, and uploads the data to the ground centralized control center in real time, facilitating the handling of downhole abnormal conditions in a timely manner. The downhole monitoring parameters of the tool are respectively calculated and transmitted through two designed MCUs, enabling high-speed transmission both between downhole modules and between downhole and surface, with excellent timeliness and practicability.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and some will be obvious from the specification or understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the specification, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a downhole condition monitoring system for rotary steering provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a functional structural diagram of a vibration sensor in the downhole condition monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the target signal distribution of the vibration sensor in the downhole condition monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the circuit board pressing frame for installing the status monitoring module in the downhole condition monitoring system provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the secondary signal acquisition principle of the vibration sensor in the downhole condition monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is an example diagram of the data packet setting for single-byte transmission of the main control acquisition module in the downhole condition monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is an example diagram of the data packet setting for multi-byte transmission of the main control acquisition module in the downhole condition monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic flowchart of the downhole condition monitoring method for rotary steering provided by another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following will combine the accompanying drawings and embodiments to detail the implementation manners of the present invention, so that the implementers of the present invention can fully understand how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve the implementation process of technical effects, and specifically implement the present invention according to the above implementation process. It should be noted that as long as there is no conflict, each embodiment in the present invention and each feature of each embodiment can be combined with each other, and the formed technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Although the flowchart describes the operations as sequential processes, many of the operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. The order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operations are completed, but there can also be additional steps not included in the drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0039] The computer devices include user devices and network devices. Among them, the user devices or clients include, but are not limited to, computers, smart phones, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant), etc.; the network devices include, but are not limited to, a single network server, a server group composed of multiple network servers, or a cloud composed of a large number of computers or network servers based on cloud computing. The computer devices can operate independently to implement the present invention, or can be connected to a network and implement the present invention through interaction with other computer devices in the network. The network where the computer devices are located includes, but is not limited to, the Internet, wide area network, metropolitan area network, local area network, VPN network, etc.

[0040] Here, terms such as "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe each unit, but these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another. The term "and / or" used here includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed related items. When a unit is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another unit, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other unit, or there may be an intermediate unit.

[0041] The terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" used here are also intended to include the plural. It should also be understood that the terms "comprising" and / or "including" used here specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units and / or components, and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components and / or their combinations.

[0042] With the continuous deepening of oil and gas exploration and development, geological objects are becoming increasingly complex. Complex geological conditions such as high-steep structures, narrow pressure-density window formations, highly abrasive formations, and large horizontal displacements pose severe challenges to drilling engineering. Thin reservoirs, bottom water reservoirs, and heterogeneous reservoirs also pose higher requirements for horizontal well geosteering technology. Whether these challenges and requirements can be better addressed has become the key to restricting the exploration process and development efficiency.

[0043] At present, drilling technologies for complex structure wells such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells, extended reach wells, and horizontal wells with long horizontal sections are widely used, and there is an urgent need for rotary steerable drilling technology to improve the drilling speed and efficiency. To improve the drilling efficiency, during the drilling process, the screw is often combined with a rotary steerable tool to increase the rotational speed of the drill string. On the other hand, the rotary steerable system is directly connected to the drill bit, which causes the rotary steerable tool to be subjected to complex forms of vibration such as severe lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration, torsional vibration, and tangential vibration in the wellbore, and then stick-slip torsion occurs. Lateral vibration mainly causes the drill string to whirl and impact, longitudinal vibration mainly causes the drill string to bounce, torsional vibration mainly causes the drill string to experience stick-slip, and tangential vibration mainly causes high-frequency torsional oscillation of the drill string.

[0044] Long-term and high-intensity vibration and stick-slip will cause serious damage to the mechanical structure of the rotary steerable tool, and then affect the fatigue life of the mechanical structure. Drill string fatigue will cause cracks and breakage in the mechanical structure of the rotary steerable tool. Bouncing will cause damage to the drill bit and failure of the bearing seal, while stick-slip will reduce the steering control ability of the rotary steerable tool, and high-frequency torsional oscillation will cause damage to the components of the BHA (Bottom Hole Assembly). Therefore, how to obtain the vibration and stick-slip borne by the rotary steerable tool in the first time, and then guide the surface engineer to adjust the drilling plan to relieve the damage to the drilling tool is the top priority in petroleum engineering technology.

[0045] There are mainly two types of existing monitoring methods for the vibration measurement circuit of the drill string while drilling designed by each oil service technology company. One is to inversely identify the downhole vibration condition by monitoring the rotational speed of the drill string on the surface, or to perform low-precision measurement of the relevant parameters of the downhole drill string vibration through a vibration accelerometer; it is impossible to achieve high-frequency and high-precision sampling measurement of the relevant parameters such as the vibration and rotational speed of the steering head tool of the downhole rotary steerable system. And the existing monitoring technologies generally store data in a storage manner and perform data analysis later, which is difficult to upload to the surface engineer in real time and cannot provide data support for control decisions in time.

[0046] For example, patent document CN105986803A provides a downhole vibration monitoring method, which generates a drill string tension-torsion soft rod model based on wellbore trajectory parameters, drill string assembly parameters, friction coefficient, mud property parameters, and drill string mechanical property parameters; calculates the stick-slip vibration drill string transfer matrix and the axial vibration drill string transfer matrix according to Newton's motion equation and the drill string tension-torsion soft rod model, and respectively calculates the stick-slip vibration resonance frequency of the drill string and the axial vibration resonance frequency of the drill string; generates a vibration intensity index of the bit stick-slip vibration according to the stick-slip vibration resonance frequency of the drill string, the real-time wellhead rotation speed, the wellhead torque fluctuation, and the stick-slip vibration drill string transfer matrix; generates a vibration intensity index of the bit axial vibration according to the axial vibration resonance frequency of the drill string, the real-time weight on bit, the wellhead hook load fluctuation, and the axial vibration drill string transfer matrix; although this method can visually and quantitatively judge the strength of the drill tool vibration to a certain extent;

[0047] Another patent document CN114705289A provides a method, system, and equipment for measuring drill tool vibration while drilling. This method uses a vibration monitoring unit to measure the vibration of the downhole drill tool and obtain lateral vibration data and axial vibration data; uses wavelet transform to filter the lateral vibration data to separate and remove the low-frequency trend term introduced by the rotation of the drill string; determines the acceleration measurement value Xa along the radial direction of the drill string and the acceleration measurement value Ya along the tangential direction of the drill string as two orthogonal components axc and ayc of the lateral acceleration respectively; determines the lateral vibration acceleration alat of the drill tool according to Xa and Ya.

[0048] However, there are deviations between the monitoring results obtained in the above technologies and the real vibration data of the drill tool, and the downhole vibration measurement system is a storage type and cannot achieve the real-time upload function. The vibration intensity index needs to be analyzed after the drill tool operation is completed, which cannot meet the downhole monitoring requirements of the rotary steerable system and cannot intuitively evaluate the downhole risk status of the rotary steerable system, resulting in ground engineers being unable to handle the impact of abnormal vibration and stick-slip on the drilling tool in a timely manner.

[0049] In addition, there are individual systems that use a drill collar type downhole vibration measurement circuit module to monitor the downhole drill tool. However, in order to protect the vibration measurement circuit module, a shock absorption process needs to be added for auxiliary treatment during installation, which cannot restore the actual downhole vibration environment, affects the accuracy of vibration acquisition, and inevitably subjectively reduces the actual vibration level monitored by the vibration sensor.

[0050] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a downhole state monitoring system and method for rotary steering, which can solve the problems of low sampling accuracy and inability to transmit in real time in the current downhole vibration monitoring measurement circuit module. In this solution, a system development method for specifically realizing the downhole vibration monitoring and real-time uploading functions of the rotary steering head is proposed. Among them, the installation process of the downhole vibration measurement circuit module is set, which is directly fixedly connected to the circuit skeleton without using shock absorption process treatment to directly measure the real situation of downhole vibration; a real-time data processing and real-time uploading technology for downhole vibration, stick-slip and impact based on CAN communication and SCI bus communication of the main control communication circuit module is proposed.

[0051] Next, based on the accompanying drawings, the structural components, connection methods and functional principles of the system of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Although the logical order of each operation is shown in the process of describing the operating principle of the system structure, in some cases, the operations shown or described may be executed in a different order than here.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the downhole state monitoring system for rotary steering provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown. Referring to Figure 1 it can be seen that the system includes: a state monitoring module, a main control acquisition module and a real-time communication module;

[0054] One side of the main control acquisition module is connected to the state monitoring module, and the other side is connected to the central control unit of the rotary steering system through the real-time communication module;

[0055] The state monitoring module is arranged in the circuit of the rotary steering system by means of a mechanical pressing frame, and is used to obtain the vibration and rotation speed data of the rotary steering head in real time;

[0056] The main control acquisition module stores according to the vibration and rotation speed data combined with the timing information and the acquisition azimuth, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to the set principles;

[0057] The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system, and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulse.

[0058] Using the downhole state monitoring system for rotary steering provided by the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reliably monitor the high vibration and high rotation speed conditions at the steering head of the rotary steering system, efficiently measure the real situation of downhole vibration, improve the accuracy of vibration acquisition, and at the same time realize real-time data processing and uploading underground, providing stable data support for timely and intuitive evaluation of the downhole risk status of the rotary steering system.

[0059] Preferably, in one embodiment, the state monitoring module adopts a vibration measurement circuit module, and the vibration measurement circuit module includes a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration range of the downhole rotary steerable tool;

[0060] The vibration sensor adopts a digital sensor, and the analog signal is digitally converted through the ADC conversion mechanism of the internal logic circuit. After filtering, data exchange is carried out with the main control acquisition module through the sensor SPI port.

[0061] Optionally, the vibration sensor adopts a three-axis digital acceleration sensor. In actual application, the vibration measurement circuit module includes a three-axis acceleration sensor, which can usually measure a vibration range of ±40g; specifically, the vibration sensor selects a digital sensor with a functional structure as Figure 2 shown.

[0062] The functional topology of this vibration sensor is as shown in the figure. The two pins of DC input and ground provide power input for the sensor. Among them, the vibration sensor is equipped with two internal low-voltage regulators, which can perform voltage stabilization control on the input DC power supply. In actual application, the real-time vibration state of the downhole tool is collected by the 3-axis vibration sensor shown in the figure, which is an analog signal. After being filtered by the analog filter, ADC analog-to-digital conversion is performed, and digital filtering is performed on the converted digital signal. Based on the first-in-first-out data communication mechanism, when the MCU controls the CS chip select signal to be pulled low, data is exchanged through the MOSI / MISO pins of the SPI serial port communication, and then the vibration data is transmitted to the main control circuit module.

[0063] The embodiment of the present invention performs real-time acquisition and measurement of the downhole vibration situation based on a digital vibration sensor, which eliminates the calibration problem brought by the analog vibration sensor. The ADC inside the digital sensor can calibrate the voltage signal converted from the vibration level collected by the sensor before leaving the factory, and convert it into a digital signal through the internal ADC, and the data can be directly transmitted to the MCU for processing.

[0064] Based on this, the vibration sensor processes and forms a filtered vibration data digital signal, and performs data exchange with the MCU of the main control acquisition module through the SPI port.

[0065] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the CS chip select signal, VDD digital power supply, MOSI, MISO and relevant pins of the MCU of the digital sensor are designed for wiring connection. Thus, when the digital sensor exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, it is processed as a slave.

[0066] The vibration sensor adopting the embodiment of the present invention can collect vibration shock values of different direction types, such as Figure 3As shown, the X direction represents the radial vibration impact value, the Y direction represents the tangential vibration impact value, and the Z direction represents the axial vibration impact value.

[0067] Furthermore, in order to more comprehensively collect vibration impact data in different directions, the vibration measurement circuit module also includes a speed detection component, which is used to collect the actual speed of the downhole drilling tool. After the collection is completed, data is exchanged with the main control acquisition module through the SPI interface.

[0068] The speed detection component adopts a speed sensor, including an angular rate gyro and a resistor and capacitor device, which can collect the actual speed of the downhole drilling tool, such as Figure 3 As shown, rotation about the Z axis describes the rotational speed of the drill string and responds to any torsional or torsional vibrations.

[0069] In actual application, in a preferred embodiment, the vibration measurement circuit module is directly installed on the primary circuit skeleton of the rotary guide system through 6 M4 screws on the vibration measurement circuit module pressure plate and coated with Loctite anti-backlash glue. The vibration sensor and speed sensor components are included. Based on this, no shock-absorbing installation is required, and the actual downhole vibration situation can be directly measured. The vibration measurement module can directly measure the vibration and impact of the guide head. Figure 4 Shown is the circuit board frame structure diagram;

[0070] The guide head spindle is the bridge connecting the drill bit and the rotary guide system. The primary circuit skeleton and the spindle rotate with the drill bit at the same time, so the vibration measurement circuit module can obtain the real-time downhole speed of the system;

[0071] After the vibration measurement circuit module is installed, considering that the circuit is directly installed on the primary circuit frame and in direct contact with the main shaft, in order to prevent the circuit in the vibration measurement circuit module from resonating and causing permanent damage to the circuit, preferably, a thin layer of DOW RTV3140 needs to be applied on the surface of the vibration measurement circuit module to play the role of three-proof and bonding, thereby protecting the entire vibration measurement circuit module.

[0072] In actual application, the vibration measurement circuit module samples the impact values ​​of the lateral vibration, longitudinal vibration, torsional vibration and tangential vibration of the downhole drilling tool by setting the vibration sensor at a sampling frequency of 200HZ; and sets the three-axis accelerometer measurement to collect the speed data of the downhole drilling tool at a frequency of more than 100Hz.

[0073] The embodiment of the present invention directly fixes the vibration sensor and the speed detection assembly in the circuit of the rotating guide head. Based on the PCB design mechanism of the circuit board and the mechanical structure design mechanism, the downhole vibration measurement circuit module is completely fixed on the circuit frame of the rotating guide head by mechanical pressing frame, without the need for shock-absorbing installation, and accurately presents the actual downhole vibration situation.

[0074] As Figure 5 shown, the drill string can move freely along each coordinate axis and rotate around each coordinate axis, with a total of 6 degrees of freedom, namely the displacements (movements) in the three directions of the coordinate axes XYZ and the angles of rotation (rotations) in the three directions of XYZ.

[0075] Specifically, we mainly monitor the following 4 degrees of freedom:

[0076] Measure the radial acceleration in the X direction, indicating the lateral vibration condition;

[0077] Measure the tangential acceleration in the Y direction, indicating the tangential vibration condition;

[0078] Measure the longitudinal acceleration in the Z direction, indicating the longitudinal vibration condition;

[0079] Measure the rotational speed in the Z direction, indicating the stick-slip vibration condition.

[0080] After the vibration sensors and angular rate gyros complete data acquisition, data is exchanged with the MCU through the SPI interface, and the vibration and rotational speed parameters are transmitted to the main control acquisition module;

[0081] When the main control acquisition module stores the vibration data and rotational speed data, calculations and storage are respectively performed based on 3 directions such as the Z direction, X direction, and Y direction; for each direction, 1 gRMS root mean square value is respectively calculated based on every fixed number of sampling points. Among them, the gRMS in the Z direction is used to represent the axial vibration, the gRMS in the X direction represents the lateral vibration, the gRMS in the Y direction marks the lateral vibration, gRMS XY represents the resultant vibration, gRMS Y-X represents the tangential vibration; in addition, the maximum and minimum impact values within each sampling point interval are separately extracted to represent the impact value, with the unit g.

[0082] Specifically, for a certain sampling point interval, such as the first sampling point interval: measurement points 1 to n, the first root mean square value (unit gRMS) is respectively calculated for the Z direction, X direction, and Y direction, as shown in Formula 1: the root mean square values in the X, Y, and Z directions, then the first XY resultant direction is calculated, as shown in Formula 2: the root mean square value of the XY resultant direction, and the root mean square value (unit gRMS) in the Y - X direction, as shown in Formula 3: the root mean square value in the Y - X tangential direction, and the first maximum and minimum impact values (unit g) of the interval are respectively extracted;

[0083] Calculate the root mean square values in the X, Y, and Z directions respectively according to the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] Calculate the root mean square value of the corresponding interval XY resultant direction according to the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Calculate the root mean square value in the Y - X direction according to the following formula:

[0088] gRMS Y-X = |gRMS Y - gRMS X | (Formula 3)

[0089] In the formula, n represents the number of sampling points included in the current sampling point interval.

[0090] Furthermore, for the second sampling point interval: measurement points n to n + △n 1 , where △n represents the difference in the number of sampling points between the latter interval and the former interval, and its value can be the same as n or can be set to other values according to requirements; in addition, in actual applications, the values of △n for different intervals can be the same or different; calculate the root mean square values (unit: gRMS) in the Z - direction, X - direction, and Y - direction for the second sampling point interval respectively, then calculate the root mean square values (unit: gRMS) in the XY resultant direction and Y - X direction for the second sampling point interval, and respectively extract the second maximum and minimum impact values (unit: g) of the current sampling point interval.

[0091] And so on, measurement points n + △n 1 + △n 2 +... + △n m-1 ~n + △n 1 + △n 2 + △n m-1 +... + △n m , where m represents the number of △n corresponding to the current interval. Calculate the (m + 1) - th root mean square value (unit: gRMS) in the Z - direction, X - direction, and Y - direction respectively, then calculate the (m + 1) - th root mean square values (unit: gRMS) in the XY resultant force direction and Y - X tangential direction, and respectively extract the (m + 1) - th maximum and minimum impact values (unit: g) of the interval.

[0092] For each fixed measurement period, select and store the maximum RMS root mean square value, average RMS root mean square value, and maximum impact value (unit: g) in the Z - direction, X - direction, Y - direction, XY resultant direction, and Y - X tangential direction within the sampling point interval, and transmit them to the main control acquisition module.

[0093] Meanwhile, the vibration measurement module integrates an angular velocity gyro sensor, which is an analog sensor. Similarly, it transmits the analog signal value to the MCU through the SPI communication interface, and obtains the rotational speed (RPM) count after analog-to-digital conversion inside the MCU. The angular velocity gyro samples at a certain sampling frequency, and calculates an average rotational speed (AvgRPM), a maximum rotational speed (MaxRPM), and a minimum rotational speed (MinRPM) for every N sampled data. Then, the downhole stick-slip is classified through the following formula, where s1 represents the downhole tool vibration level, and it is uploaded to the central control module in real time and then uploaded to the surface centralized control center through the pulser.

[0094] s1 = (MaxRPM - MinRPM) / (2.0 * AvgRPM)

[0095] The main control acquisition module includes components such as an MCU with a 16-bit dual-core processor, a 64MB FLASH memory, a crystal oscillator, and a CAN communication chip. The MCU of the main control acquisition module can be called the acquisition MCU.

[0096] The main control acquisition module can read the vibration data and rotational speed data collected by the vibration measurement circuit module through the SPI communication protocol, and read the data of the vibration measurement circuit module through the set SPI timing logic. Data can be transmitted byte by byte. As Figure 6 shown, when using single-byte transmission, a handshake is performed through the protocol. After the MCU sends the single-byte read command A6, A5, A4... A0 to the vibration measurement module through the SPI serial port, the vibration measurement module will return a byte of data D7, D6... D0; it can also transmit multi-byte data, as Figure 7 shown; when using multi-byte transmission, a handshake is performed through the protocol. After the MCU sends the multi-byte read command A6, A5, A4... A0 (this instruction is different from the single-byte read instruction) to the vibration measurement module through the SPI serial port, the vibration measurement module will return multiple bytes of data D7, D6... D0 / D7, D6... D0 / D7, D6... D0... This is convenient for communication when the data occupies a large address space, improving the communication efficiency between the MCU and the vibration measurement module.

[0097] The main control acquisition module uses embedded logic for processing and operation, analyzes and calculates the read vibration and rotational speed data, calculates the vibration level and stick-slip level, and stores them in the external FLASH memory.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration and rotation sensors are directly fixedly installed in the circuit of the rotary steering head for monitoring the vibration condition of the steering head. Through the PCB design of the circuit board and the design of the mechanical structure, the downhole vibration measurement circuit module of the present invention is completely fixed on the circuit skeleton by means of a mechanical pressing frame without shock-absorbing installation, restoring the actual downhole vibration condition.

[0099] This method also adds an MCU dedicated to communication. This MCU mainly exchanges data with the above sampling MCU through the communication method of the CAN bus, and after packaging, uploads the data to the central control unit module of the rotary steering system through this communication MCU, and then uploads the downhole vibration data to the ground in real time through mud pulses. Engineers can handle downhole abnormal vibrations and stick-slip conditions in a timely manner, reducing the damage to the rotary steering tool under harsh working conditions.

[0100] Further, the real-time communication module adopts a main control communication circuit, including a communication MCU, a crystal oscillator, a CAN communication chip, and an SCI communication chip, customizes the CAN communication protocol format, and uses the CAN communication chip to exchange data with the main control acquisition module.

[0101] After the real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, it packages the obtained vibration level and stick-slip level, and transmits them to the ground centralized control center through the mud pulse signal in response to the instruction of the central control unit.

[0102] Specifically, the real-time communication module adopts a main control communication circuit module, including an MCU with a 16-bit dual-core processor, a crystal oscillator, a CAN communication chip, an SCI communication chip, and other resistor-capacitor components; the MCU can be called a communication MCU. Based on the CAN bus communication, it has the characteristic of fast transmission speed. In the present invention, the main control communication circuit is designed to customize the CAN communication protocol format and use the ICCAN communication chip to exchange data with the acquisition module;

[0103] Based on the CAN bus communication protocol, the communication chip of the real-time communication module sends a command to read the vibration level and stick-slip level data to the main control acquisition module according to the CAN communication protocol rules, and thus the main control acquisition module sends the data to the buffer area of the main control communication circuit module through CAN communication.

[0104] The communication between modules of the system of the present invention is realized based on the CAN standard frame format. The frame header part contains information such as the target address segment, the source address segment, and the command field, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0105] Table 1 Frame Head Definition

[0106]

[0107] The frame format adopts the communication standard frame format, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0108] Table 2 Communication Standard Frame Format

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] Among them, the content of the data length part is the total length of the data in the CAN frame content segment, in bytes. In this application, the number of bytes in the data length part is not particularly limited and can be set to different lengths according to actual needs.

[0112] Based on the CAN bus communication protocol, the chip of the master control communication circuit module sends commands to read vibration level and stick-slip level data to the master control acquisition module according to the CAN communication protocol rules. Thus, the master control acquisition module sends the data to the buffer area of the master control communication circuit module through CAN communication.

[0113] The master control communication circuit module is also set on the primary circuit unit of the rotary steerable system; the master control communication circuit module responds to the instructions of the central control unit and sends commands to read vibration level and stick-slip level data to the master control acquisition module. The central control unit passes the instructions issued by the surface engineer through the mud pulse generator, and the pulse generator decodes and repackages them and sends them to the primary circuit unit of the downhole rotary steerable system, and then conveys them to the master control communication circuit module located on the primary circuit unit.

[0114] Specifically, the master control communication circuit module located on the primary circuit unit receives the commands sent by the central control unit through the SCI serial port based on the communication MCU and converts them into TTL level signals for the communication MCU to identify and use;

[0115] The master control communication circuit module can, through embedded programming, respond to different instruction sets of the central control unit, enabling the central control unit to obtain the vibration level and stick-slip level data calculated by the master control acquisition module; after receiving the vibration level and stick-slip level uploaded by the master control communication circuit module, the central control unit uploads them to the surface engineer through the mud pulse generator.

[0116] In actual application, during continuous vibration data acquisition and processing, the master control acquisition module continuously reads vibration data and stick-slip level data, and uploads them to the central control unit when receiving the commands from the central control, releasing the bus, which effectively reduces the burden on the central control unit to a certain extent.

[0117] Among them, after receiving vibration and rotation speed data, the master control acquisition module processes and analyzes the data to obtain vibration level and stick-slip level parameters. These parameters occupy a small amount of memory space and can directly reflect the downhole vibration and stick-slip conditions, and can be quickly transmitted to the surface centralized control center through the mud pulse signal.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present invention, an MCU dedicated to communication is added. This MCU mainly exchanges data with the above sampling MCU through the communication method of the CAN bus, and after packaging, uploads the data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system through this communication MCU, and then uploads the downhole vibration data to the ground in real time through mud pulse. Engineers can handle downhole abnormal vibrations and stick-slip conditions in a timely manner, reducing the damage to the rotary steering tool under harsh working conditions.

[0119] In the downhole state monitoring system for rotary steering provided by the embodiment of the present invention, each module or unit structure can operate independently or in combination according to actual processing requirements and high-speed communication requirements to achieve corresponding technical effects.

[0120] Embodiment 2

[0121] In the above embodiments disclosed by the present invention, the system is described in detail. Based on other aspects of the system described in any one or more of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a downhole state monitoring method for rotary steering, which is applied to the downhole state monitoring system for rotary steering described in any one or more of the above embodiments. Specific embodiments are given below for detailed description.

[0122] Specifically, Figure 8 The flow schematic diagram of the downhole state monitoring method for rotary steering provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 8 As shown, the method includes:

[0123] The state monitoring module is arranged on the circuit of the rotary steering system in a mechanical pressing frame manner;

[0124] When the rotary steering system conducts downhole operations, the state monitoring module is used to obtain the vibration and rotation speed data of the rotary steering head;

[0125] The main control acquisition module stores according to the vibration and rotation speed data combined with the timing information and acquisition azimuth, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different periods and different directions according to the set principles;

[0126] The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the vibration and stick-slip level data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system, and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulse.

[0127] Among them, the downhole state monitoring system for rotary steering used includes: a state monitoring module, a main control acquisition module, and a real-time communication module;

[0128] One side of the main control acquisition module is connected to the state monitoring module, and the other side is connected to the central control unit of the rotary steering system through the real-time communication module;

[0129] The state monitoring module is arranged in the circuit of the rotary guide system by means of a mechanical pressing frame, and is used to obtain the vibration and speed data of the rotary guide head in real time;

[0130] The main control acquisition module stores the vibration and speed data in combination with the timing information and the acquisition orientation, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different directions at different periods according to the set principles;

[0131] The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the vibration and stick-slip level data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system, and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulses.

[0132] Optionally, in one embodiment, the state monitoring module adopts a vibration measurement circuit module, and the vibration measurement circuit module includes a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration range of the downhole rotary steering tool;

[0133] The vibration sensor adopts a digital sensor, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal through the ADC conversion mechanism of the internal logic circuit, and then exchanges data with the main control acquisition module through the SPI port.

[0134] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the CS chip select signal, VDD digital power supply, MOSI, and MISO of the digital sensor are designed to be wired and connected with the relevant pins of the MCU, so that the digital sensor is processed as a slave when exchanging data with the main control acquisition module.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment, the vibration measurement circuit module also includes a speed detection component for collecting the actual speed of the downhole drilling tool and exchanging data with the main control acquisition module through the SPI interface.

[0136] Specifically, in an optional embodiment, the vibration sensor and the rotation speed detection assembly are directly fixedly installed in the circuit of the rotating guide head. Based on the PCB design mechanism of the circuit board and the mechanical structure design mechanism, the downhole vibration measurement circuit module is completely fixed on the circuit skeleton of the rotating guide head by means of a mechanical pressing frame, without the need for shock-absorbing installation, and the actual downhole vibration situation is accurately presented.

[0137] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a layer of DOW RTV3140 is applied on the surface of the vibration measurement circuit module to play the role of three-proofing and bonding, thereby preventing resonance of the circuit in the vibration measurement circuit module from causing permanent damage to the circuit.

[0138] Optionally, in one embodiment, the real-time communication module uses a main control communication circuit, including a communication MCU, a crystal oscillator, a CAN communication chip, and an SCI communication chip, and uses a custom CAN communication protocol format to exchange data with the main control acquisition module using the CAN communication chip. ​

[0139] Preferably, in one embodiment, after the real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, it packs the obtained vibration level and stick-slip level data, and then transmits it to the surface control center through mud pulse signals in response to the instructions of the central control unit.

[0140] For the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present invention, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0141] It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, the method can also be combined with one or several of the above embodiments to obtain a new downhole state monitoring method for rotary steering to achieve high-quality monitoring and optimization improvement of the construction application of rotary steering tools.

[0142] Embodiment III

[0143] It should be noted that based on the method in any one or more of the above embodiments of the present invention, the present invention also provides a storage medium on which program codes for implementing the method described in any one or more of the above embodiments are stored. When the codes are executed by an operating system, the downhole state monitoring method for rotary steering as described above can be implemented.

[0144] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed by the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should extend to equivalent alternatives of these features understood by those of ordinary skill in the relevant art. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and do not mean to limit.

[0145] The phrase "one embodiment" mentioned in the specification means that the specific features, structures or features described in connection with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrase "one embodiment" that appears throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0146] Although the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are as above, the content described above is only an embodiment adopted for the convenience of understanding the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art within the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention. However, the scope of patent protection of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A downhole condition monitoring system for rotary steering, characterized in that: The system includes: a status monitoring module, a main control acquisition module and a real-time communication module; One side of the main control acquisition module is connected to the state monitoring module, and the other side is connected to the central control unit of the rotary steering system via the real-time communication module; The state monitoring module is arranged in the circuit of the rotary guide system by means of a mechanical pressing frame, and is used to obtain the vibration and speed data of the rotary guide head in real time; The main control acquisition module stores the vibration and speed data in combination with the timing information and the acquisition orientation, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different directions at different periods according to the set principles; The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the vibration and stick-slip level data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system, and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulses.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The state monitoring module adopts a vibration measurement circuit module, which includes a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration range of the downhole rotary steering tool; The vibration sensor adopts a digital sensor, converts the analog signal into a digital signal through the ADC conversion mechanism of the internal logic circuit, and then exchanges data with the main control acquisition module through the SPI port.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The CS chip select signal, VDD digital power supply, MOSI, MISO of the digital sensor are designed to be wired and connected with the relevant pins of the MCU. Thus, the digital sensor is processed as a slave when exchanging data with the main control acquisition module.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibration measurement circuit module also includes a rotation speed detection component, which is used to collect the actual rotation speed of the downhole drilling tool and exchange data with the main control acquisition module through the SPI interface.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibration sensor and the speed detection component are directly fixed in the circuit of the rotating guide head. Based on the PCB design mechanism of the circuit board and the mechanical structure design mechanism, the downhole vibration measurement circuit module is completely fixed on the circuit skeleton of the rotating guide head by means of a mechanical pressing frame. No shock-absorbing installation is required, and the actual downhole vibration conditions are accurately presented.

6. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that A layer of DOWRTV3140 is applied on the surface of the vibration measurement circuit module to play the role of three-proof and bonding, preventing the circuit in the vibration measurement circuit module from resonance and causing permanent damage to the circuit.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The real-time communication module adopts a main control communication circuit, including a communication MCU, a crystal oscillator, a CAN communication chip, and an SCI communication chip. Through a custom CAN communication protocol format, the CAN communication chip is used to exchange data with the main control acquisition module.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that After the real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, the acquired vibration level and stick-slip level data are packaged and then transmitted to the ground centralized control center through mud pulse signals in response to the instructions of the central control unit.

9. A method for monitoring downhole conditions for rotary steering, characterized in that: The method is applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method comprises: The condition monitoring module is arranged on the circuit of the rotary steering system by means of a mechanical pressing frame; When the rotary steering system is operating downhole, the state monitoring module is used to obtain the vibration and rotation speed data of the rotary steering head; The main control acquisition module stores the vibration and speed data in combination with the timing information and the acquisition orientation, and calculates the vibration and stick-slip levels in different directions at different periods according to the set principles; The real-time communication module exchanges data with the main control acquisition module, and then transmits the vibration and stick-slip level data to the central control unit of the rotary steering system, and uploads it to the ground in real time through mud pulses.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores program codes for implementing the method as claimed in claim 9.

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