Detection device, detection device assembly and state detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a detection device, a detection device assembly and a state detection method, the detection device is used for observing a rotor blade, the detection device comprises a support frame and an observation panel, the side surface of the observation panel is provided with a mounting edge, the mounting edge is matched with the support frame, the observation panel is provided with an observation area, and the observation area is matched with the support frame. And the observation area is provided with a positioning feature matched with the outline of the rotor blade. When a certain stage of rotor blade is observed, the positioning feature is used for establishing a space relative position between the observation panel and the to-be-observed rotor blade, so that the blade state can be observed by adopting a better angle, and the difference of judgment on the rotor blade state caused by factors of different manual observation angles is avoided. The blade profile state of the rotor blade can be amplified by observing the panel. And the observation panel quickly compares the blade profile characteristics of the adjacent rotor blades to judge whether the rotor blades have local plastic deformation or not.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aero-engine detection devices, and more particularly, to a detection device, a detection device assembly, and a condition detection method. Background Art

[0002] At present, in order to improve the aerodynamic performance, the blade profiles of multi-stage axial compressors of aero-engines at home and abroad mostly have obvious sweep and skew characteristics; at the same time, in order to ensure the connection reliability of the rotor of the multi-stage axial high-pressure compressor, the multi-stage axial compressor mostly adopts the assembly sequence of first completing the rotor assembly and then assembling the stator components based on this. This means that during the assembly process of the multi-stage axial compressor, there is a stage where the compressor rotor with rotor blades having obvious sweep and skew characteristics is in the process of transfer or final assembly.

[0003] In engineering practice, the following problems exist in the transfer or assembly process of the above multi-stage axial compressor:

[0004] 1. The compressor rotor with rotor blades having obvious sweep and skew characteristics is prone to accidental collision during transfer or final assembly, resulting in local plastic deformation at the tip of the blade; at the same time, due to the obvious sweep and skew characteristics of the rotor blades and their distribution at different circumferential positions of a certain stage of the compressor rotor, and being easily interfered by surrounding features, when observing different rotor blades of the same stage from the same perspective, there are objectively differences in the tip features of the rotor blades visually observed. At this time, even if there is a local bending situation at the tip of the compressor rotor blade, it is very difficult to identify it only by visual inspection. This makes the compressor rotor blades with local plastic deformation enter the test or operation stage without being identified;

[0005] 2. When local plastic deformation occurs in the compressor rotor blade, there is a high probability of initiating microcracks. With the operation of the engine, under the action of a complex working environment and load conditions, the microcracks are very likely to develop and expand, and eventually lead to the situation of chip removal at the tip of the rotor. The dropped blade fragments are very likely to damage the rotating and stator blades of the subsequent stages of the compressor, and even damage the components of the combustion chamber and turbine, causing serious damage to the entire engine, with extremely high risks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that it is difficult to identify the compressor rotor blades with local plastic deformation in the prior art, and to provide a detection device, a detection device assembly, and a condition detection method.

[0007] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A detection device for observing rotor blades, the detection device comprising:

[0009] A support frame;

[0010] An observation panel, on the side of which an installation edge is formed, and the installation edge is matched with the support frame to fix the observation panel on the support frame; an observation area is formed on the observation panel, and positioning features matching the profile of the rotor blade are provided on the observation area.

[0011] In this technical solution, the handheld detection device can determine the state of the rotor blade. When observing a certain stage of the rotor blade, the positioning features are used to establish the spatial relative position between the observation panel and the rotor blade to be observed, so as to achieve observing the blade state at a better angle, thereby avoiding the difference in the judgment of the rotor blade state caused by the factor of different artificial observation angles. The leaf profile state of the rotor blade can be magnified through the observation panel, and visual interference caused by irrelevant factors is avoided. By quickly comparing the leaf profile features of adjacent rotor blades through the observation panel, it can be judged whether there is local plastic deformation of the rotor blade.

[0012] Preferably, the observation panel is made of a transparent material, and the positioning features are the three-dimensional leaf profile of the rotor blade.

[0013] In this technical solution, by comparing the three-dimensional leaf profile with the profile of the actual rotor blade, it is thus judged whether there is deformation of the rotor blade.

[0014] Preferably, the observation panel includes an occlusion area, the occlusion area is made of a non-transparent material, and the occlusion area is located around the observation area.

[0015] In this technical solution, the occlusion area can prevent irrelevant visual factors from interfering with the observation of the rotor blade state.

[0016] Preferably, the detection device includes identification features, the identification features are distributed on the surface of the occlusion area, and the identification features include characters and / or letters representing the model of the rotor blade.

[0017] In this technical solution, the observation panel for which stage of the rotor blade is observed is uniquely identified by characters or letters to achieve more convenient observation.

[0018] Preferably, the observation area includes an optical magnifier.

[0019] In this technical solution, the optical magnifier can magnify the rotor blade to be measured, facilitating observation.

[0020] Preferably, the support frame is a tenon or a mortise, the installation edge is a mortise or a tenon, and the support frame and the installation edge form a detachable tenon joint structure.

[0021] In this technical solution, after the tenon and the mortise are aligned, observe that the observation panel slides relative to the support frame to achieve tenon joint. The tenon joint structure can achieve accurate installation positioning and quick disassembly of the observation panel.

[0022] Preferably, the support frame is formed with a receiving groove, the mounting edge is clamped with the bottom of the receiving groove and the two side edges of the receiving groove, and holding holes are provided on three surfaces of the support frame forming the bottom and the two side edges.

[0023] In this technical solution, holding holes for easy hand-holding are provided on three surfaces of the support frame, taking into account the convenience of single-handed use by left-handed or right-handed operators.

[0024] Preferably, the detection device includes a plurality of the observation panels, the plurality of observation panels respectively correspond to the rotor blades of different stages, and have positioning features matching the profiles of the corresponding rotor blades.

[0025] In this technical solution, by providing a plurality of observation panels, the plurality of observation panels are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of rotor blades. Thus, through this detection device, multiple-stage rotor blades on the rotor can be detected simultaneously, and the operation is more convenient.

[0026] A detection device assembly, the detection device assembly includes:

[0027] The detection device; and

[0028] A tooling, the tooling is fixedly connected to the support frame of the detection device; the tooling further has rollers, and the rollers are used for rolling cooperation with the drum of the rotor to support the detection device on the rotating rotor.

[0029] In this technical solution, the detection device is supported on the rotor through the tooling, so as to ensure that during the rotation of the rotor, the size of the detection device relative to the rotor blade in the axial direction of the rotor shaft is fixed, which further helps to improve the detection accuracy.

[0030] A state detection method, the state detection method includes:

[0031] Hold the detection device and place the detection device outside the radial direction of the rotor; wherein, the detection device is the detection device provided above;

[0032] Establish the spatial relative position between the observation panel and the rotor blade through the positioning feature of the detection device;

[0033] Control the rotor to rotate at a low speed;

[0034] Visually observe the observation area of the detection device, and compare the blade profiles of adjacent blades through the visual persistence effect of the human eye. Then, determine whether the blade is deformed by comparing the blade contour and predicting the positioning feature.

[0035] The positive and progressive effects of the detection device, detection device assembly, and state detection method provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] The handheld detection device can determine the state of the rotor blade. When observing a certain stage of rotor blades, the positioning feature is used to establish the spatial relative position between the observation panel and the rotor blade to be observed, so as to achieve an optimal angle for observing the blade state, thereby avoiding differences in the judgment of the rotor blade state caused by factors such as different human observation angles. The blade profile state of the rotor blade can be magnified through the observation panel, and visual interference caused by irrelevant factors is also avoided. During the visual observation process, the blade profiles of adjacent blades can be quickly compared through the visual persistence effect of the human eye to determine whether there is local plastic deformation of the rotor blade. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the observation panel of the detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support device of the detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the tenon joint structure of the support device of the detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional blade profile diagram according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the tenon joint structure of the support device of the detection device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0045] Description of the Reference Numerals

[0046] Rotor blade 100

[0047] Drum 200

[0048] Support frame 1

[0049] Observation panel 2, observation area 21, occlusion area 22

[0050] Mounting edge 3

[0051] Positioning feature 4

[0052] Tenon 5

[0053] Mortise 6

[0054] Receiving groove 7

[0055] Hand-holding hole 8

[0056] Identification feature 9

[0057] Tooling 10, roller 11 Detailed implementation mode

[0058] The present invention will be further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described examples.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] As Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, the present invention discloses a detection device, which includes a support frame 1 and an observation panel 2. A mounting edge 3 is formed on the side of the observation panel 2, and the mounting edge 3 cooperates with the support frame 1 to fix the observation panel 2 on the support frame 1. At the same time, when holding the test device, a holding part can be provided through the support frame 1, which is convenient for operation.

[0061] The observation panel 2 is made of a transparent material. An observation area 21 is formed on the observation panel 2, and a positioning feature 4 matching the contour of the rotor blade 100 is provided on the observation area 21. The observation area 21 is an optical magnifying glass, and the optical magnifying glass realizes the magnification of the rotor blade 100 to be measured, which is convenient for observation. The observation panel 2 is mainly used to judge the rotor blade 100, especially whether there are state changes such as local plastic deformation at the blade tip. The observation window of the observation panel 2 is circular, and the size of the window is related to the size of the stage blade to be observed and the magnification of the optical magnifying glass. Usually, it is better to be able to observe the stage blade exactly from the window.

[0062] In other embodiments, the observation area 21 can also be arranged with a combination of an optical lens and an electronic control system to realize variable-focus observation.

[0063] An occlusion area 22 is provided on the observation panel 2, and the occlusion area 22 is made of a non-transparent material. The occlusion area 22 is located around the observation area 21. The occlusion area 22 can prevent irrelevant visual factors from interfering with the observation of the state of the rotor blade 100.

[0064] The handheld detection device can determine the state of the rotor blade 100. When observing a certain stage of the rotor blade 100, the positioning feature 4 is used to establish the spatial relative position between the observation panel 2 and the rotor blade 100 to be observed, so as to achieve a better angle for observing the blade state, and further avoid the difference in the judgment of the rotor blade 100 state caused by the factor of different human observation angles. Through the observation panel 2, the airfoil state of the rotor blade 100 can be magnified, and visual interference caused by irrelevant factors is avoided. The observation panel 2 can quickly compare the airfoil characteristics of adjacent rotor blades 100 to determine whether there is local plastic deformation of the rotor blade 100.

[0065] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the positioning feature 4 is the three-dimensional airfoil profile of the rotor blade 100 (as Figure 6 shows the structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional airfoil profile). The positioning feature 4 is mainly used to establish the spatial relative position between the observation panel 2 and the rotor blade 100 to be observed, so as to achieve a better angle for observing the blade state, and further avoid the difference in the judgment of the blade state caused by the factor of different human observation angles. The above-mentioned three-dimensional airfoil profile has extension lines corresponding to the leaf edges of the rotor blade 100. By comparing whether the extension lines coincide with the actual edge profile of the rotor blade 100, it is possible to determine whether the rotor blade 100 is deformed. The positioning feature 4 can be realized by covering the optical magnifier of the observation panel 2 with a transparent film printed with the three-dimensional features of the rotor blade 100, and comparing the three-dimensional features of the rotor blade 100 printed on the film with the actual rotor blade 100 and approximately coinciding to position the spatial position and observation angle of the observation panel 2.

[0066] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the detection device includes an identification feature 9. The identification feature 9 is distributed on the surface of the shielding area 22. The identification feature 9 includes characters and letters representing the model of the rotor blade 100. In other embodiments, the identification feature 9 includes characters or letters representing the model of the rotor blade 100. The observation panel 2 for which stage of the blade is observed is uniquely identified by the characters or numbers, and information such as the magnification of the optical magnifier in the observation area 21, the recommended relative observation position and angle, etc. can be noted, so as to facilitate the operator to quickly identify the correct detection device and observation method and achieve more convenient observation.

[0067] The present invention provides a portable detection device for the professional blades of a compressor, which is used for the problem that local plastic deformation appears at the tip of the rotor blade 100 of a multi-stage axial compressor of an aeroengine and fails to be recognized and then enters the experimental operation link, and has important significance for ensuring the safe operation of the aeroengine.

[0068] As Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the support frame 1 has a mortise groove 6, and the mounting edge 3 is a tenon 5. The support frame 1 and the mounting edge 3 form a detachable mortise-and-tenon structure. The mortise-and-tenon structure is located at the edge of the observation panel 2. After the tenon 5 is aligned with the mortise groove 6, the observation panel 2 moves relative to the support frame 1 to achieve the mortise-and-tenon connection. The mortise-and-tenon structure can achieve the accurate installation and positioning of the observation panel 2 and the quick disassembly and assembly. It can be understood that the shapes of the tenon 5 and the mortise groove 6 can also be dovetail-shaped, fir-tree-shaped, etc.

[0069] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown in the figure, the support frame 1 is formed with a receiving groove 7. The mounting edge 3 is clamped with the bottom of the receiving groove 7 and the two side edges of the receiving groove 7. Hand-holding holes 8 are provided on all three surfaces of the bottom and the two side edges formed by the support frame 1. The support frame 1 is in the shape of a "concave" character. Hand-holding holes 8 are arranged on both sides of the "concave" character shape, which can be used by an operator who takes it with one hand considering the left or right hand operation habit. The concave part of the "concave" character is the installation position of the observation panel 2, and mortise grooves 6 or tenons 5 are arranged on both sides of it to achieve the mortise connection with the observation panel 2.

[0070] When observing a certain stage of rotor blade 100, hold the detection device equipped with the observation panel 2 of this stage. The rotor blade rotates at a low speed through the cylinder 200, so that the rotor is in a low-speed rotation state (the specific rotation speed is preferably such that the blade profile can be observed through the observation panel 2). Through the observation panel 2, the profile state of the blade is observed and magnified, and at the same time, the visual interference caused by irrelevant factors is avoided. Through the visual persistence effect of the human eye, the magnified adjacent blade profile features can be quickly compared to judge whether there are features such as local plastic deformation of the blade. At the same time, for the blade suspected of deformation, the three-dimensional blade profile transparent contour on the observation panel 2 is compared with the actual blade contour to judge whether there is deformation.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] This embodiment is basically the same as the detection device provided in Embodiment 1, and the same parts will not be described in detail. The differences are that the detection device provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of observation panels 2, and the plurality of observation panels 2 respectively correspond to rotor blades 100 of different stages. At the same time, the observation panel 2 has positioning features matching the contour of the corresponding rotor blade. Specifically, the number of the observation panels 2 is determined by the total number of stages of the blades, so that the multi-stage rotor blades on the rotor can be detected simultaneously through the detection device.

[0073] Specifically, a plurality of observation panels 2 are all installed on the support frame 1. Optionally, the plurality of observation panels 2 can be set to be detachably matched with the support frame 1, so as to replace the observation panel 2 according to different rotors.

[0074] Embodiment 3

[0075] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a detection device assembly, which includes a detection device and a tooling 10. The detection device can adopt any one provided by the present invention, and the tooling 10 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1 of the detection device. At the same time, the tooling 10 is also provided with rollers 11, and the rollers 11 can be in rolling cooperation with the drum 200 of the rotor. In this way, during the detection process, when the rotor rotates, through the rolling cooperation between the rollers 11 and the drum 200, the position of the detection device remains fixed. By using the tooling 10 to define the distance between the support frame 1 and the rotor drum 200, the distance between the drum 200 and the support frame 1 remains unchanged when the drum 200 rotates continuously. Furthermore, when the rotor rotates along its own axis, a plurality of rotor blades 100 of the same level on the rotor drum 200 are observed sequentially through the observation panel 2.

[0076] Embodiment 4

[0077] As Figure 1 and Figure 8 shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the support frame 1 is a mortise groove 6, the mounting edge 3 is a tenon 5, and the support frame 1 and the mounting edge 3 form a detachable mortise-and-tenon structure. The shapes of the tenon 5 and the mortise groove 6 can also be dovetail-shaped, fir-tree-shaped, etc.

[0078] Embodiment 5

[0079] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a state detection method, which can be implemented by the above detection device. Specifically, the state detection method includes the following steps:

[0080] S01: Hold the detection device and place the detection device outside the radial direction of the rotor.

[0081] Hold the support frame 1 of the detection device and place the detection device outside the radial direction of the rotor, so as to be able to observe the contour features of the rotor blades through the observation panel 2 of the detection device. Further, if the detection device is used in cooperation with the tooling 10, the rollers 11 of the tooling 10 are abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the drum 200, so as to ensure that the position of the detection device remains unchanged when the rotor rotates.

[0082] S02: Establish the spatial relative position between the observation panel and the rotor blades through the positioning features of the detection device.

[0083] Align the positioning features on the detection device with the contours of the rotor blades, thereby establishing the spatial relative position between the observation panel 2 and the rotor blades 100, and making the distance between the detection device and the rotor blades 100 meet the observation requirements.

[0084] S03: Control the rotor to rotate at a low speed.

[0085] By applying a rotational torque to the rotor, the rotor rotates at a low speed. Specifically, the speed of the low-speed rotation of the rotor needs to meet the requirement that the blade profile state can be observed through the observation panel.

[0086] S04: The observation area of the visual observation detection device is used to compare the blade profiles of adjacent blades through the visual persistence effect of the human eye, and to determine whether there is deformation of the blade by comparing the predicted positioning features of the blade contours.

[0087] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection device for observing rotor blades, characterized in that: The detection device comprises: Support frame; An observation panel is formed with a mounting edge on the side of the observation panel, and the mounting edge cooperates with the support frame to fix the observation panel on the support frame; an observation area is formed on the observation panel, and the observation area is provided with a positioning feature matching the contour of the rotor blade.

2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The observation panel is made of transparent material, and the positioning feature is the three-dimensional blade profile of the rotor blade.

3. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation panel includes a shielding area, the shielding area is made of a non-transparent material, and the shielding area is located around the observation area.

4. The detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection device comprises an identification feature, which is distributed on the surface of the shielding area, and the identification feature comprises text and / or letters representing the model of the rotor blade.

5. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viewing area includes an optical magnifier.

6. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is a tenon or a tenon groove, the installation edge is a tenon groove or a tenon, and the support frame and the installation edge form a detachable tenon joint structure.

7. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is formed with a receiving groove, the installation edge is clamped with the groove bottom and two side edges of the receiving groove, and the three surfaces of the support frame forming the groove bottom and the two side edges are all provided with hand-holding holes.

8. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection device includes a plurality of observation panels, each of which corresponds to different levels of rotor blades and has positioning features that match the contours of the corresponding rotor blades.

9. A detection device assembly, characterized in that: The detection device assembly comprises: The detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; and A tooling is fixedly connected to a support frame of the detection device; the tooling also has a roller, and the roller is used to roll with the drum of the rotor to support the detection device on the rotating rotor.

10. A state detection method, characterized in that: The state detection method comprises: A handheld detection device is placed radially outside the rotor; wherein the detection device is the detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; Establishing the spatial relative position between the observation panel and the rotor blade by means of the positioning features of the detection device; Controlling the rotor to rotate at a low speed; The observation area of ​​the detection device is visually observed to compare the blade profiles of adjacent blades through the visual temporary memory effect of the human eye, and the positioning features are estimated by comparing the blade contours to determine whether the blade is deformed.

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