Method for efficiently preventing and removing weeds in rice field

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently preventing and removing weeds in a rice field, which comprises the following steps: S1, a killing stage: 7-10 days before plowing and harrowing the rice field, sterilant herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate-ammonium need to be used to comprehensively and thoroughly remove worst weeds around ridges so as to prevent the worst weeds from growing from the edges of the ridges to the middle of the rice field after sowing; and S2, a sealing and killing stage: 3-5 days after sowing in the rice direct sowing field, sealing herbicides bensulfuron methyl, pretilachlor and a safener are comprehensively sprayed for one time for sealing, and the step requires no omission, so that the purpose of sealing and killing weed seeds is achieved, and germination of the weed seeds is prevented. S3, when the seedlings grow to 3 leaves, 1 core and 6 leaves, moisture in the field is drained in sunny and windless days, and then herbicides with different components are selected for supplementary killing according to the types of weeds in the rice field, compared with the prior art, the scheme is more comprehensive, targeted, flexible, safe and efficient, the cost and the risk are reduced, and better technical support is provided for farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular to a method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields. Background Art

[0002] Rice is the first of the five major grain crops in my country. It not only has the largest planting area and the highest yield, but half of the world's population relies on rice as their main food. In addition to being our staple food, rice can also be used as industrial raw materials for brewing and sugar making. Rice husks and rice straw can also be used as high-quality feed for livestock. Rice is grown in Hainan in the south of my country and Heilongjiang in the northeast. Rice weeds compete with rice for nutrition and living space. Fields with poor weed control will cause rice production to decrease or even fail. Therefore, in rice cultivation, weed control is a very important link, which is related to whether our staple food can be self-sufficient. Rice field weeds threaten rice yields. Rice field weed control is related to our food security and the people's livelihood.

[0003] However, with the modernization of agriculture and changes in farming methods, the population structure of farmland weeds has also changed, with more vicious weeds appearing and increasing resistance to pesticides. In recent years, due to factors such as simplified cultivation techniques, cross-regional mechanical operations, and irrational use of herbicides, farmland weed control in my country faces greater challenges. The density of vicious weeds continues to increase, and the resistance of major farmland weeds continues to rise. The continued increase in resistance poses a serious threat to the safety of crop production. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical defects, provide a method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields, and solve the problems of changes in the population structure of farmland weeds, continuous increase in drug resistance, and increasing density of malignant weeds.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields, wherein the steps of the method are as follows:

[0006] S1. General killing stage: 7-10 days before plowing the field, it is necessary to use the lethal herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate to completely eliminate the malignant weeds around the ridges to prevent the malignant weeds from growing from the edge of the ridge to the middle of the rice field after sowing.

[0007] S2. Killing stage: 3-5 days after sowing the rice field, use the blocking herbicides benzylsulfuron-methyl, pretilachlor and safener to spray all over the field to block the weeds. This step requires that nothing is left out to kill the weed seeds and prevent them from germinating.

[0008] S3. When the seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart to 6 leaves, choose a sunny and windless day to drain the water in the field, and then use herbicides with different ingredients to kill the weeds according to the types of weeds in the rice field. For example, for rice fields dominated by trifoliate grass and water peanut, herbicides with dimethoate and safener ingredients are more effective; for rice fields dominated by Leptochloa chinensis and Paspalum distachyon, herbicides with cyhalofop-butyl and clofopyralid and safener ingredients are more appropriate; and for rice fields dominated by barnyard grass, spraying with quinacridone and safener mixed with water is an effective choice.

[0009] Furthermore, the purpose of step S1 is to prevent weed seeds from germinating in the rice field, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent weeding.

[0010] Furthermore, in the step S2, when the seedlings grow to the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, shallow water needs to be poured back over the roots, but care should be taken not to soak the heart leaves. For the fields with broadcast transplanting and machine transplanting, 3-5 days after transplanting, benzylsulfuron-methyl, butachlor and urea or compound fertilizer can be mixed and spread. When spreading, the field should be kept shallowly watered over the roots, but the heart leaves of the seedlings should not be soaked.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above steps, water is the best closed herbicide. There are almost no weeds growing in places soaked with water, while there are weeds growing everywhere in places not soaked with water. Therefore, when plowing the field, it is necessary to make it as level as possible to prevent unevenness.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, water needs to be returned and fertilizers applied 1-2 days after the application of the pesticide to ensure that the entire field surface is immersed in water, because water is also a good closed herbicide. When immersed in water, weed seeds cannot germinate and grow normally.

[0013] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are: Comprehensiveness: The solution takes into account the entire life cycle of weed control, from general killing, blocking killing to supplementary killing, with clear operating steps. This helps to ensure effective weed control and reduce the need for missed and repeated weeding.

[0014] Targeted: The program selects appropriate herbicides and measures according to the characteristics of different stages. For example, in the blocking stage, water and blocking herbicides are used for double protection to effectively prevent the germination of weed seeds. In the supplementary killing stage, herbicides with different ingredients are selected according to the types of weeds in the rice fields to improve the prevention and control effect.

[0015] Flexibility: This solution is not only applicable to direct-seeding rice fields, but also to blind-seeding fields and machine-seeding fields. For different types of rice fields, corresponding operation steps are provided to make the solution more adaptable.

[0016] Safety: The program focuses on the safety of herbicide use and the protection of crops. For example, the use of safeners during the blocking phase can reduce the damage of herbicides to seedlings. At the same time, it also emphasizes avoiding excessive and missed use of herbicides to reduce pollution to the environment and damage to crops.

[0017] High efficiency: The solution improves the efficiency and effectiveness of weed control through scientific time nodes and operation steps. This helps reduce the time and cost of weed control and increase crop yields and economic benefits.

[0018] In short, the above scheme is more comprehensive, targeted, flexible, safe and efficient than the existing technology. It can better meet the needs of agricultural production, improve the effect of weed control, reduce costs and risks, and provide better technical support for farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0021] Example:

[0022] A method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. General killing stage: 7-10 days before plowing the field, it is necessary to use the lethal herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate to completely eliminate the malignant weeds around the ridges to prevent the malignant weeds from growing from the edge of the ridge to the middle of the rice field after sowing.

[0024] S2. Killing stage: 3-5 days after sowing the rice field, use the blocking herbicides benzylsulfuron-methyl, pretilachlor and safener to spray all over the field to block the weeds. This step requires that nothing is left out to kill the weed seeds and prevent them from germinating.

[0025] S3. When the seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart to 6 leaves, choose a sunny and windless day to drain the water in the field, and then use herbicides with different ingredients to kill the weeds according to the types of weeds in the rice field. For example, for rice fields dominated by trifoliate grass and water peanut, herbicides with dimethoate and safener ingredients are more effective; for rice fields dominated by Leptochloa chinensis and Paspalum distachyon, herbicides with cyhalofop-butyl and clofopyralid and safener ingredients are more appropriate; and for rice fields dominated by barnyard grass, spraying with quinacridone and safener mixed with water is an effective choice.

[0026] The purpose of step S1 is to prevent weed seeds from germinating in the rice field, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent weeding.

[0027] In the step S2, when the seedlings grow to the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, shallow water needs to be poured back over the roots, but care should be taken not to soak the heart leaves. For the fields for broadcast transplanting and machine transplanting, 3-5 days after transplanting, benzylsulfuron-methyl, butachlor and urea or compound fertilizer can be mixed and spread. When spreading, the field should be kept shallowly watered over the roots, but the heart leaves of the seedlings should not be soaked.

[0028] In the above steps, water is the best closed herbicide. There are almost no weeds growing in places soaked with water, while there are weeds everywhere in places not soaked with water. Therefore, when plowing the field, it is necessary to make it as flat as possible to prevent unevenness.

[0029] In step S3, water needs to be returned and fertilizers applied 1-2 days after the application of the pesticide to ensure that the entire field surface is immersed in water, because water is also a good closed herbicide. When immersed in water, weed seeds cannot germinate and grow normally.

[0030] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields, characterized in that: The steps of the method are as follows: S1. General killing stage: 7-10 days before plowing the field, it is necessary to use the lethal herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate to completely eliminate the malignant weeds around the ridges to prevent the malignant weeds from growing from the edge of the ridge to the middle of the rice field after sowing. S2. Killing stage: 3-5 days after sowing the rice field, use the blocking herbicides benzylsulfuron-methyl, pretilachlor and safener to spray all over the field to block the weeds. This step requires that nothing is left out to kill the weed seeds and prevent them from germinating. S3. When the seedlings grow to 3 leaves and 1 heart to 6 leaves, choose a sunny and windless day to drain the water in the field, and then use herbicides with different ingredients to kill the weeds according to the types of weeds in the rice field.

2. The method for efficiently controlling weeds in paddy fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purpose of step S1 is to prevent weed seeds from germinating in the rice field, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent weeding.

3. The method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, when the seedlings grow to the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, shallow water needs to be poured back over the roots, but care should be taken not to soak the heart leaves. For the fields for broadcast transplanting and machine transplanting, 3-5 days after transplanting, benzylsulfuron-methyl, butachlor and urea or compound fertilizer can be mixed and spread. When spreading, the field should be kept shallowly watered over the roots, but the heart leaves of the seedlings should not be soaked.

4. A method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the above steps, water is the best closed herbicide. There are almost no weeds growing in places soaked with water, while there are weeds everywhere in places not soaked with water. Therefore, when plowing the field, it is necessary to make it as flat as possible to prevent unevenness.

5. The method for efficiently controlling weeds in rice fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, water needs to be returned and fertilizers applied 1-2 days after the application of the pesticide to ensure that the entire field surface is immersed in water, because water is also a good closed herbicide. When immersed in water, weed seeds cannot germinate and grow normally.

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