Application of asperuloside in aphid control and aphid killing agent

Abstract

The invention discloses application of asperuloside in aphid prevention and control and an aphid killing agent, belongs to the field of pesticides, provides a novel botanical pesticide with aphid killing activity and contributes to reduction of aphid resistance and reduction of application of chemical drugs, and in addition, compared with other commercial aphid killing agents, the aphid killing agent prepared from asperuloside has the advantages that the aphid killing effect is better, and the aphid killing effect is better. The aphis killing effect is similar, wide development prospects and application value are achieved, and the aphis killing agent is an effective and feasible novel aphis killing agent. Meanwhile, the asperuloside is wide in source, the preparation process is simple, the cost of the aphicide is reduced, and popularization is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of pesticides, and in particular to an aphidicide using saponin in aphid control. Background Art

[0002] Aphids, commonly known as "sticky insects" and "honey insects", are major pests in agricultural production. They belong to the order Hemiptera, including the superfamily Aphididae (also known as Aphididae). Aphids often harm plants in two ways: direct harm is to suck plant sap through their piercing-sucking mouthparts, causing plant organs to curl and shrink, thereby affecting the growth of plants and preventing them from blooming and bearing fruits normally; indirect harm refers to the micro-wounds caused by aphids when feeding, which leads to the invasion of viruses and the secretion of honeydew by aphids themselves, which leads to diseases such as sooty mold. In addition, aphids themselves are also carriers of many viruses. At present, chemical control is of course the main method of aphid control, with biological and physical control. Chemical control is the most important method of aphid control in my country. It has significant control effects, high popularity and easy operation. However, due to the serious problem of non-standard use of drugs, ecological environment damage, soil pollution, increased resistance and residue problems have become increasingly prominent, which greatly restricts the sustainable development of my country's agriculture and forestry. Therefore, how to carry out comprehensive prevention and control of aphids in a simple, green, safe, low-cost and highly effective manner is an urgent problem to be solved in plant protection technology.

[0003] In recent years, botanical pesticides have gradually emerged. Botanical pesticides use chemical substances produced by plant secondary metabolism as agricultural biologically active chemicals such as insecticides, fungicides and weed killers. They have the advantages of low toxicity, low residue, easy degradation, low resistance to pesticides, high biological activity, strong selectivity and safety to non-target organisms. 18 H 22 O 11 At present, the common effects of saponin are anti-inflammatory, analgesic, qi-promoting and blood-activating, etc. It is mainly used as a Chinese medicine ingredient, and no other uses have been found. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new plant-derived aphidicide and develop new uses for saponin. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide the use of saponin in controlling aphids and to prepare an aphidicide using saponin.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses application of saponin in controlling aphids.

[0007] Furthermore, the aphids are agricultural pests.

[0008] Preferably, the aphid is cotton aphid.

[0009] According to the above use, the application of saponin in preparing aphidicide is disclosed.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aphidicide containing saponin, the content of saponin in the aphidicide is ≥ 0.2 mg / ml.

[0011] Furthermore, the aphidicide also includes auxiliary materials such as solvent, solubilizer and emulsifier.

[0012] Furthermore, the solvent is selected from N-methylpyrrolidone or acetone; the solubilizer is turpentine; and the emulsifier is Span or Tween.

[0013] Furthermore, the aphidicide can be prepared into common pesticide reagent types such as liquid, suspension, and powder.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] The invention provides a new botanical pesticide with aphidicide activity, which contributes to reducing the drug resistance of aphids and reducing the application of chemical drugs. In addition, the aphidicide prepared by the saponin of the plant leaves has a comparable aphidicide effect as other commercial aphidicides, and also shows a good insecticide effect in field experiments. It has broad development prospects and application value, and is an effective and feasible new aphidicide. At the same time, the saponin of the plant leaves has a wide source and a simple preparation process, which is conducive to reducing the cost of the aphidicide and is conducive to promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the chemical structural formula of phytophthora saponin;

[0017] Figure 2 This is the potted plant protection effect experiment picture of the experimental group;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a picture of the potted plant protection effect experiment in the blank group.

[0019] Specific embodiment

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0021] The present invention refers to the saponin molecular formula is C 18 H 22 O 11 , chemical structure see Figure 1 .

[0022] Experiment 1: Experiment on contact killing activity of saponin against aphids

[0023] (1) Making leaf discs: Select cotton leaves of uniform growth and use a hole puncher to make leaf discs. Place a cotton pad in a clean petri dish, soak it with water treated with reverse osmosis (RO water), and place a piece of filter paper on top. Then, place three clean cotton leaves in each petri dish. The leaf discs are successfully made.

[0024] (2) Aphid cultivation: 50 cotton aphid larvae were picked from each leaf, and 150 larvae were placed on three leaves in each leaf disc and placed in a culture room (25°C and 60% relative humidity) for 4 days to ensure that the total number of surviving cotton aphid larvae on three leaf discs was ≥100;

[0025] (3) Preparation of medicines:

[0026] The original drugs are saponin and pymetrozine;

[0027] Weigh 40 mg of Tween-80, add 40 ml of RO water, stir and shake evenly to prepare a 1 mg / ml Tween solution;

[0028] Weigh 20 mg of original drug + 20 mg of Tween-80 + 300 ul of acetone + 10 ml of Tween solution, stir and shake for 3 minutes to prepare a 2 mg / ml drug solution;

[0029] Take 5 ml of the prepared 2 mg / ml solution into another beaker, add 5 ml of Tween solution, stir evenly, and prepare a 1 mg / ml solution; then dilute in the same proportion to prepare 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625 mg / ml solutions;

[0030] (4) Feeding and observation: The cultured aphid leaves were immersed in each prepared solution for 5 seconds and the number of surviving insects was recorded. Each dose (2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625 mg / ml) was repeated three times (three leaf discs). The prepared 1 mg / ml Tween solution was used as the control treatment group (CK) and cultured under the above artificial climate growth conditions;

[0031] (5) Data recording and analysis: The number of surviving aphids was observed and recorded at 72 hours after incubation. Aphids were observed under a microscope. Aphids that showed no movement or irregular leg trembling were considered dead. The mortality rate (%) and toxicity regression equation were calculated. The obtained data are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Table 1 Indoor contact activity of saponin and pymetrozine (mortality %)

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Table 2 Toxicity regression equation

[0036]

[0037] From the analysis of the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the saponin has significant contact activity against aphids. When the concentration is greater than 0.25 mg / ml, the mortality rate of aphids is greater than 50%. When the concentration reaches 2 mg / ml, the mortality rate can reach 98%.

[0038] Example 1: Preparation of aphidicide

[0039] After dissolving N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween 80 are added and mixed and dispersed evenly, the mass ratio of the added N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween 80 is 1:2:0.8, and then an appropriate amount of saponin is added to obtain an aphidicide, and the concentration of saponin in the aphidicide is 1 mg / ml.

[0040] Example 2: Preparation of aphidicide II

[0041] After dissolving N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween 80 are added and mixed and dispersed evenly, the mass ratio of the added N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween 80 is 1:2.5:1, and then an appropriate amount of saponin is added to obtain an aphidicide, and the concentration of saponin in the aphidicide is 2 mg / ml.

[0042] Example 3: Preparation of aphidicide

[0043] After dissolving N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween 80 were added and mixed and dispersed evenly, the mass ratio of the added N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween 80 was 1:2.3:0.9, and then an appropriate amount of saponin was added to obtain an aphidicide, and the concentration of saponin in the aphidicide was 0.2 mg / ml.

[0044] Experiment 2: Potted plant protection experiment

[0045] 100 mature and highly active cotton aphids were placed on each cotton pot, and the aphidicide prepared in Example 1 was used to carry out a potted cotton aphid control effect experiment as an experimental group; at the same time, a control group (containing no saponin, but containing the same concentration of N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine and Tween-80) and a blank group (no pesticide) were set up, with 3 replicates in each group, and the pesticide was applied once a day. Each time, the whole cotton pot plant with serious aphid damage was sprayed, and the aphid situation on each group of pot plants was observed after 7 days, and the mortality rate was calculated. The obtained data are shown in Table 3.

[0046] Table 3

[0047] Average mortality rate (%) Experimental Group 84.67 Control group 0 blank 0

[0048] Analysis of the data in Table 3 shows that the aphidicide prepared by the present invention has a good insecticidal effect on aphids on potted seedlings.

[0049] Experiment 3: Field control experiment

[0050] In June 2024, cotton fields (new sponge) with cotton aphid pests were controlled. The experimental group of aphidicide was mixed with N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine, and Tween 80 in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.8, and then an appropriate amount of saponin was added. The concentration of saponin in the aphidicide was 20 mg / ml. After diluting 10 times, the concentration of saponin was 2 mg / ml, and each plant was sprayed evenly. The row spacing was 1m×0.5m.

[0051] The control area is 30m for each plot. 2 , three replicates. Three sampling points were randomly selected before application, 5 plants were surveyed at each sampling point, and 5 leaves on the upper part of each plant were surveyed. The insect population base was surveyed 1, 3, and 7 days after application. The data obtained are shown in Table 4.

[0052] Pest reduction rate (%) = (number of insects before application - number of insects after application) / number of insects before application × 100%

[0053] Table 4

[0054]

[0055] According to the field control experiment, the control effect of the aphidicide prepared by the present invention reaches 81% in 7 days, and the effect is remarkable.

Claims

1. Application of saponin in aphid control.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aphids are agricultural pests.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aphid is cotton aphid.

4. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The application of the saponin in preparing aphidicide.

5. An aphidicide containing saponin, characterized in that: The content of the saponin in the aphidicide is ≥0.2 mg / ml.

6. The aphidicide containing scutellaria baicalensis saponin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aphidicide also includes auxiliary materials such as solvent, solubilizer and emulsifier.

7. The aphidicide containing phytosapogenin according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solvent is selected from N-methylpyrrolidone or acetone; the solubilizer is turpentine oil; and the emulsifier is Span or Tween.

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