Minimally invasive implantation artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis and forming method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a minimally invasive implantation artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis and a forming method thereof. The method comprises the steps that an umbrella handle used for being fed into a femoral head operation channel is formed; the cylinder is sleeved on an umbrella handle and is movably connected with the umbrella handle; a first supporting prosthesis with a plurality of first umbrella leaves is mounted on the umbrella handle; a second supporting prosthesis provided with a plurality of second umbrella leaves staggered with the first umbrella leaves is mounted on the umbrella handle; the cylinder is installed on the portion, located below the second supporting prosthesis, of the umbrella handle, so that the multiple first umbrella leaves and the multiple second umbrella leaves which are folded relative to the umbrella handle are pushed to be unfolded relative to the umbrella handle through the cylinder, and the complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis is spliced. The prosthesis is matched with the normal area cartilage of the femoral head surface of a patient to form a spherical surface, can replace the cartilage of the femoral head necrosis area to form a support, reduces the load of the bone in the femoral head, relieves the discomfort of the patient, slows down or even reverses the progress of femoral head necrosis, repairs the femoral head surface and recovers the spherical structure of the femoral head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a minimally invasive implantation of an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis and a forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Femoral head necrosis is a common bone and joint disease. The disease can be caused by alcoholism, hip trauma, hormone drug use and other reasons. It often occurs in young and middle-aged patients. After the onset of the disease, serious symptoms such as hip pain, lameness, and unequal length of lower limbs will appear, which will make it impossible for patients to live and work normally, and the disability rate is very high. At present, the treatment for early femoral head necrosis mainly uses drugs, crutches or wheelchairs to reduce the weight of the affected limb, suppress pain symptoms and delay the progression of the disease. For patients with middle and late stage femoral head necrosis, drug treatment is not effective, and artificial hip replacement surgery can only be performed.

[0003] The hip joint is composed of a spherical femoral head and a ball-and-socket acetabulum. Daily hip joint movement is achieved by rotating the femoral head in the acetabulum. Femoral head necrosis is caused by the blockage or injury of the blood vessels supplying the femoral head due to the above reasons, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the femoral head. In addition, the body's weight is carried every day, so the subchondral bone in the weight-bearing area at the top of the femoral head is prone to necrosis, and then bone absorption occurs. The cartilage in the necrotic area has no support from the underlying bone, and it will collapse when bearing weight. Then the femoral head is no longer spherical, and hip pain will occur when it rotates in the acetabulum. At present, the most effective way to treat femoral head necrosis is artificial hip replacement. That is, the entire femoral head is replaced with an artificial ball and acetabulum.

[0004] Currently, osteonecrosis of the femoral head uses the International Association for the Study of Bone Microcirculation (ARCO) staging system: Stage 1: Low-signal lesions around the necrotic area can be seen on MRI, a cold area can be seen on bone scan, and there are no abnormal changes on X-ray plates; Stage 2: Bone sclerosis, local osteoporosis or cystic changes can be seen on X-ray plates or CT, but there is no evidence of subchondral fracture, necrotic partial fracture or flattening of the articular surface of the femoral head; Stage 3A: Subchondral fracture, necrotic partial fracture and / or flattening of the articular surface of the femoral head can be seen on X-ray plates or CT, and femoral head collapse ≤2mm; Stage 3B: Subchondral fracture, necrotic partial fracture and / or flattening of the articular surface of the femoral head can be seen on X-ray plates or CT, and femoral head collapse >2mm; Stage 4: Hip osteoarthritis with narrowing of the joint space, changes and destruction of the acetabulum can be seen on X-ray plates.

[0005] The treatment of femoral head necrosis is mainly based on two principles: one is to increase the blood supply to the femoral head, the second is to reduce the weight of the femoral head, and the third is to inhibit bone resorption. Treatment is divided into conservative and surgical treatment.

[0006] Conservative treatment mainly involves reducing the weight on the femoral head, such as long-term crutches and wheelchair use, supplemented by drug treatment to inhibit bone resorption. The conservative effect is relatively weak and can slow down the progression to a certain extent, but it is unlikely to reverse the progression of femoral head necrosis.

[0007] Surgical treatment methods mainly include two categories: repair and reconstruction surgery that mainly retains the patient's own femoral head and artificial hip replacement. Surgeries that retain the femoral head include core decompression, osteotomy, bone transplantation with or without blood vessels, metal tantalum rod implantation, etc., which are suitable for patients with early (ARCO stage 1) or mid-stage (ARCO stage 2-3B) femoral head necrosis and a necrosis volume of more than 15%. Core decompression surgery is just drilling a hole in the femoral head, hoping to inhibit femoral head bone necrosis or promote regeneration by increasing blood circulation in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head. Osteotomy is to cut the femoral head and rotate the non-necrotic part of the femoral head to the weight-bearing area, which can relieve the patient's symptoms to a certain extent. Bone transplantation and metal tantalum rod implantation are to clean up the necrotic bone tissue after drilling a hole in the femoral head, and then implant new bone to fill the necrotic area, and implant bone rods or tantalum rods to provide a certain mechanical support for the bone in the collapsed area of ​​the femoral head. These surgeries can postpone artificial hip replacement to a certain extent. However, these surgeries all hope to support the necrotic subchondral bone, and maintain the weight-bearing function of the upper cartilage by supporting the subchondral bone. None of them directly repair or replace the subchondral bone and cartilage in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head. Therefore, with the progression of the disease and the continued existence of weight-bearing in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, the patient's own subchondral bone still has ischemic necrosis, and the range gradually increases, resulting in insufficient support, which makes these surgeries ineffective, cartilage collapse occurs, and then the contralateral acetabular cartilage is damaged, and then progresses to stage 4, and artificial hip replacement can only be performed. Most of the above-mentioned surgeries are open surgeries, and only medullary decompression is a minimally invasive surgery, but this surgery only punches holes in the bone to increase blood circulation in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, and does not play a role in mechanical support for the collapsed bone. For patients with severe femoral head collapse (ARCO stage 4), severe loss of joint function or moderate or above pain, artificial joint replacement is the only option.

[0008] Currently, artificial hip replacement surgeries are all open surgeries, requiring an incision of more than 10 centimeters. For patients with a slightly obese body shape, the incision can be longer than 20 centimeters. Within the incision, the muscles and joint capsule behind the hip joint need to be cut, and the femoral head and femoral medullary cavity need to be removed and opened, which will cause more bleeding during the operation, and complications such as lack of leg muscle strength and artificial hip dislocation after the replacement.

[0009] In summary, since the pathological manifestations of femoral head necrosis are mainly in the weight-bearing area of ​​the femoral head (above the femoral head), based on the limitations of current treatment methods, the current treatment principle is to preserve the non-necrotic area of ​​the patient's own femoral head as much as possible, and slow down the necrotic collapse of the bone by mechanical support of the necrotic area, so as to delay the time of artificial hip replacement, and try to alleviate the patient's symptoms and improve the patient's function. However, since most of the above-mentioned existing surgeries are open surgeries, the surgical trauma caused to the patient is large, and it is very easy to fail the operation or have postoperative complications. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis, whose functions are reflected in the following points: first, it can replace the cartilage and subchondral bone in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, form a good mechanical support and can replace the surface necrotic cartilage, relieve the patient's symptoms, and retain most of the patient's non-necrotic femoral head; second, the prosthesis can be used to bear the body weight, and through the design of the umbrella structure, the load stress is concentrated on the umbrella handle and directly transmitted to the femoral shaft, reducing the load on the bone in the femoral head; third, the subchondral bone area is compacted by bone grafting in the bone channel, slowing down or even reversing the progression of femoral head necrosis, achieving the effect of minimally invasive artificial joint partial replacement and reducing surgical trauma.

[0011] To achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for forming a minimally invasive implantation of an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis, comprising:

[0012] An umbrella handle is formed for being inserted into a surgical channel of the femoral head;

[0013] A cylinder is formed to be mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto;

[0014] A first supporting prosthesis having a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle;

[0015] A second supporting prosthesis having a plurality of second umbrella leaves in a fan shape and staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle;

[0016] The cylinder is installed on the part of the umbrella handle below the second supporting prosthesis, so that when the cylinder moves up along the umbrella handle, it pushes the first and second umbrella leaves that are folded relative to the umbrella handle to open relative to the umbrella handle to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

[0017] Preferably, the first support prosthesis having a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle and comprises:

[0018] A first connecting seat is installed at the top end of the umbrella handle;

[0019] Arrange a plurality of first umbrella leaves at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first connecting seat;

[0020] A first sleeve is mounted on the umbrella handle and is movable relative to the umbrella handle;

[0021] One end of the plurality of first umbrella ribs is respectively connected to the back side of the corresponding first umbrella leaves, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of the first sleeve.

[0022] Preferably, the first rib is hinged to the first sleeve and the first umbrella leaf respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the second supporting prosthesis having a plurality of second umbrella leaves staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of opening or closing relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle and comprises:

[0024] Installing a second connecting seat on the umbrella handle;

[0025] Arrange a plurality of second umbrella leaves at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second connecting seat, and arrange the second umbrella leaves and the first umbrella leaves in a staggered manner;

[0026] A second sleeve is mounted on the umbrella handle and is movable relative to the umbrella handle;

[0027] One end of the plurality of second ribs is respectively connected to the back side of the corresponding second umbrella leaves, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of the second sleeve.

[0028] Preferably, the second rib is hinged to the second sleeve and the second umbrella leaf respectively.

[0029] Preferably, the second sleeve is located below the first sleeve.

[0030] Preferably, the length of the second rib is less than or equal to the length of the first rib.

[0031] Preferably, the cylinder is threadably connected to the umbrella handle.

[0032] Preferably, a tail cap threadably connected to the lower end of the umbrella handle is also provided.

[0033] In addition, the present invention also provides a minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis formed by the method as described above, comprising: an umbrella handle for being inserted into a femoral head surgical channel; a cylinder mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected to the umbrella handle; a first supporting prosthesis mounted on the umbrella handle and located above the cylinder, having a plurality of first umbrella leaves that are fan-shaped and can be opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle; a second supporting prosthesis mounted on the umbrella handle and located above the cylinder, having a plurality of second umbrella leaves that are fan-shaped and can be opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle and are staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves; wherein the plurality of first umbrella leaves and the plurality of second umbrella leaves are pushed to open relative to the umbrella handle by the cylinder moving upward along the umbrella handle to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

[0034] Preferably, the first supporting prosthesis also includes: a first connecting seat installed at the top end of the umbrella handle, and the multiple first umbrella leaves are circumferentially spaced along the first connecting seat; a first sleeve that is sleeved on the umbrella handle and can move relative to it; and multiple first umbrella ribs, one end of which is respectively connected to the back sides of the corresponding first umbrella leaves and the other end is connected to the corresponding positions of the first sleeve.

[0035] Preferably, the first rib is hinged to the first sleeve and the first umbrella leaf respectively.

[0036] Preferably, the second supporting prosthesis further includes: a second connecting seat mounted on the umbrella handle, the plurality of second umbrella leaves being circumferentially spaced apart along the second connecting seat; a second sleeve which is sleeved on the umbrella handle and movable relative thereto; and a plurality of second umbrella ribs which have one end respectively connected to the back sides of the corresponding second umbrella leaves and the other end connected to the corresponding positions of the second sleeve.

[0037] Preferably, the second rib is hinged to the second sleeve and the second umbrella leaf respectively.

[0038] Preferably, the second sleeve is located below the first sleeve.

[0039] Preferably, the length of the second rib is less than or equal to the length of the first rib.

[0040] Preferably, the cylinder is threadably connected to the umbrella handle.

[0041] Preferably, it also includes a tail cap threadedly connected to the lower end of the umbrella handle.

[0042] Preferably, it also includes a top cover fixedly connected to the top end of the umbrella handle.

[0043] Preferably, the lower surface of the umbrella leaf, the umbrella handle, and the outer sleeve surface can be designed as a hydroxyapatite or titanium or tantalum metal particle coating.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis and the method for forming the same have the following advantages:

[0045] The minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis formed by the method of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can replace the cartilage and subchondral bone in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, form a good mechanical support and can replace the necrotic cartilage on the surface, relieve the patient's symptoms, and can retain most of the patient's non-necrotic femoral head. The prosthesis is used to bear the body weight. Through the design of the umbrella-shaped structure, the load-bearing stress is concentrated on the umbrella handle and directly transmitted to the femoral shaft, reducing the load on the bone in the femoral head. The subchondral bone area is compacted by bone grafting in the bone channel, slowing down or even reversing the progression of femoral head necrosis, achieving the effect of minimally invasive artificial joint partial replacement and reducing surgical trauma.

[0046] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial surface of the femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention when the umbrella leaves are in a closed state;

[0048] Figure 2a It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial surface of the femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention when the umbrella leaves are in a closed state;

[0049] Figure 2b It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second structure of the present invention in which the first umbrella leaf of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis is minimally invasively implanted in a semi-open state;

[0050] Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c It is a front view of the third structure of the minimally invasive implant of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention in the closed, partially opened and fully opened states respectively;

[0051] Figure 3d , Figure 3e , Figure 3f It is a top view of the third structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention in the closed, partially opened and fully opened states respectively;

[0052] Figure 3g , Figure 3h , Figure 3i It is a partial schematic diagram of the removal of some of the umbrella leaves when the third structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention is in the closed, partially opened and fully opened states respectively;

[0053] Figure 3j , Figure 3k , Figure 3l This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of only the first and second ribs and the first and second keels when the third structure of the minimally invasive implanted artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention is in the closed, partially opened and fully opened states respectively;

[0054] Figure 3m , Figure 3n It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the first and second supporting prostheses without showing the first and second umbrella leaves when the third structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention is in a partially opened state and a fully opened state respectively; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention when the umbrella leaves are in a fully opened state (a solution in which the top end of the first sleeve abuts against the lower end of the second sleeve);

[0055] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention when the umbrella leaves are in a fully opened state (a scheme in which the first sleeve is sleeved outside the second sleeve);

[0056] Figure 6 It is a perspective view of the second structure of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention when the second umbrella leaf has not yet been joined with the first umbrella leaf;

[0057] Figure 7a is a structural schematic diagram of the first support prosthesis of the present invention (the first umbrella leaf is not shown);

[0058] Figure 7b is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the first support prosthesis of the present invention (showing the first umbrella leaf);

[0059] Figure 8 is a relative relationship diagram between the second umbrella leaf and the first connecting seat;

[0060] Fig. 9 is a top view of the first sleeve being sleeved outside the second sleeve;

[0061] Fig.10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first sleeve sleeved outside a second sleeve;

[0062] Fig.11a It is a structural schematic diagram of a structure of the first connecting seat;

[0063] Fig.11b is a structural schematic diagram of another structure of the first connecting socket;

[0064] Fig.11c is with Fig.11a A schematic diagram of the structure of a second connecting socket used therein;

[0065] Fig.11d It is a structural schematic diagram of the third structure of the first connecting seat;

[0066] Fig.11e is with Fig.11d A schematic diagram of the structure of a second connecting socket used therein;

[0067] Fig.12 is a top view of a first support prosthesis and a second support prosthesis respectively using four first umbrella leaves and four second umbrella leaves;

[0068] Fig.13 is a top view of a first support prosthesis and a second support prosthesis using six first umbrella leaves and six second umbrella leaves respectively;

[0069] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the site of femoral head necrosis;

[0070] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of cleaning the necrotic part of the femoral head through the channel;

[0071] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of placing a minimally invasive implant of an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis through a channel;

[0072] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the minimally invasive implant of the artificial part of the femoral head joint prosthesis after it is opened through the channel;

[0073] Fig.18 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the first umbrella leaf and the second umbrella leaf of the present invention;

[0074] Fig.19 It is a flow chart of the method for forming a minimally invasive implantation of an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention;

[0075] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of establishing a surgical approach with the assistance of a fluoroscopy machine;

[0076] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of opening the channel for decompression with the assistance of a fluoroscopy machine;

[0077] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning of the femoral head necrosis area assisted by a fluoroscopy machine;

[0078] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of the implantation of the prosthesis with the assistance of a fluoroscopy machine;

[0079] Fig.24 This is a schematic diagram of opening the prosthesis with the assistance of a fluoroscopy machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, they are schematic diagrams of different structures of the minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis provided by the present invention for minimally invasive interventional surgery to be implanted into the femoral head of a patient. As can be seen from the figure, the minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention comprises: an umbrella handle 1 for being inserted into the femoral head surgical channel; a cylinder 2 mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto; a first support prosthesis mounted on the umbrella handle and located above the cylinder, having a plurality of first umbrella leaves 7 in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle; a second support prosthesis mounted on the umbrella handle and located above the cylinder, having a plurality of second umbrella leaves 8 in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle, which are staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves. Among them, the plurality of first umbrella leaves and the plurality of second umbrella leaves are pushed to open relative to the umbrella handle by the cylinder moving upward along the umbrella handle to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

[0081] The present invention forms a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis by unfolding a plurality of first umbrella leaves and a plurality of second umbrella leaves, which can replace the cartilage and subchondral bone in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, can form a good mechanical support for the patient, greatly relieve the patient's discomfort symptoms, and can also replace the necrotic cartilage on the surface, and can retain most of the non-necrotic femoral head of the patient. The umbrella-shaped structure of the assembled joint prosthesis is used to bear the patient's weight, and the load stress is concentrated on the umbrella handle and directly transmitted to the femoral shaft through the umbrella handle, thereby reducing the load on the bone in the femoral head, and compacting the subchondral bone area through bone grafting in the bone channel, slowing down or even reversing the progression of femoral head necrosis, thereby achieving the effect of minimally invasive implantation of artificial joint partial replacement, greatly reducing surgical trauma, reducing patient pain, and facilitating the patient's early recovery.

[0082] Specifically, the umbrella handle for inserting into the surgical channel of the femoral head of the present invention is a slender round rod, a cylinder is arranged outside the umbrella handle, and the cylinder is threadedly connected to the umbrella handle. When designing, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the umbrella handle, and an internal thread matching the external thread of the umbrella handle is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the cylinder can be screwed up or down relative to the umbrella handle. Among them, the lower part of the umbrella handle is provided with an external thread, and the upper part may not be provided with an external thread but a bare rod, and the umbrella handle may be hollow to facilitate the insertion of a guide wire.

[0083] The present invention is provided with a first support prosthesis and a second support prosthesis above the cylinder of the umbrella handle, so that when the first support prosthesis and the second support prosthesis are in a gradually opened state, looking down from the top of the umbrella handle, the first support prosthesis and the second support prosthesis can be gradually spliced ​​to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis (see Figure 3d-Figure 3f , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 ).

[0084] The first support prosthesis can be used as follows: Figure 7a , Figure 7b The structure shown in the figure comprises: a first connecting seat 12 mounted on the top of the umbrella handle; a plurality of first umbrella leaves 7 distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the first connecting seat, and the first umbrella leaves are fan-shaped (see Fig.12 , Fig.13 ), the upper surface is arc-shaped and extends outward relative to the first connecting seat, and the lower surface of each first umbrella leaf can be provided with a slender first keel 71 fixedly connected to its upper and lower ends, and the top of the first keel is hinged to the first connecting seat; a first sleeve 4 is mounted on the umbrella handle and can move relative to it, and is located below the first connecting seat; one end is respectively connected to the first keel corresponding to the back side (i.e., the lower surface) of the first umbrella leaf, and the other end is connected to a plurality of first umbrella ribs 6 at the corresponding position of the first sleeve, and the plurality of first umbrella ribs are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the first sleeve. In addition, the first sleeve in the first support prosthesis can also adopt the following method: Figure 7b The annular collar shown is substituted.

[0085] In order to enable the first connecting seat to be mounted on the umbrella handle, the first connecting seat can be used as follows Fig.11a The structure shown in the figure, that is, the first connecting seat is cylindrical, and the center is a first through hole 121 with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the umbrella handle. In order to install the first umbrella leaf on the first connecting seat, a plurality of first ear plates 122 extending outward can be provided at the outer edge of the first connecting seat, and ear plate holes for hinged connection with one end of the first keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf are provided on the first ear plate. The ear plate can be a double ear plate (such as Fig.11a As shown in the figure), the double-ear plate forms a U-shaped or V-shaped clamping groove, and accordingly, one end of the first keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf is clamped between the double-ear plates and hinged through a pin; or, the ear plate can be a single-ear plate (not shown in the figure), and accordingly, one end of the first keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf is provided with a U-shaped or V-shaped clamping arm for clamping the single-ear plate and hinged therewith through a pin.

[0086] Of course, a plurality of opening grooves which are recessed radially inward from the outer wall of the first connecting seat can also be provided on the first connecting seat (see Fig.11b ), and one end of each first umbrella leaf can be inserted into the corresponding opening groove and rotatably connected to the two opposite side walls of the opening groove. The opening groove can be a V-shaped opening groove. In addition, the first connecting seat can also be hinged to the first umbrella leaf using other structures in the prior art.

[0087] In order to prevent the first connecting seat from slipping outward from the top end of the umbrella handle, a top cover 9 is further provided at the top end of the umbrella handle, and the outer diameter of the top cover is larger than the outer diameter of the first connecting seat.

[0088] In order to allow the first umbrella leaf to be closed or opened relative to the umbrella handle, the first ribs are hinged at both ends to the first sleeve and the first keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf. During design, multiple first ribs can be directly hinged to the top edge of the first sleeve, or a circular stopper (not shown in the figure) with an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the first sleeve can be provided at the top of the first sleeve, and multiple first ribs are hinged to the circular stopper. When the circular stopper is provided at the top of the first sleeve, the structure of the hinge between the first rib and the circular stopper can refer to the connection structure between the keel and the umbrella handle of the existing umbrella, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] In order to allow the first sleeve to move relative to the umbrella handle, the inner diameter of the first sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the umbrella handle. When the first sleeve is pushed upward (upward means in the direction close to the top cover), the plurality of first umbrella ribs hinged thereto push the first keels on the back of the corresponding first umbrella leaves, so that the first umbrella leaves supported by the first keels are opened relative to the umbrella handle.

[0090] The structure of the second support prosthesis is basically the same as that of the first support prosthesis, including: a second connecting seat 13 mounted on the umbrella handle, located below the first connecting seat and above the first sleeve (such as Figure 6 , Figure 3a-3nAs shown, the upper and lower parts are relative to the top cover of the umbrella handle. Relatively speaking, the part close to the top cover is called the upper part, and the part far from the top cover is called the lower part); a plurality of second umbrella leaves 8 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the second connecting seat, and the second umbrella leaves are also fan-shaped (see Fig.12 , Fig.13 ), the upper surface is arc-shaped and extends outward relative to the second connecting seat, and the lower surface of each second umbrella leaf is provided with a second keel 81 in the shape of an elongated strip fixedly connected to its upper and lower ends (see Figure 7b ), the top of the second keel is hinged to the second connecting seat, and the plurality of second umbrella leaves and the plurality of first umbrella leaves are respectively arranged in an offset manner up and down; the second sleeve 3 which is mounted on the umbrella handle and can move relative to it is located below the first sleeve (see Figure 1-Figure 3n ); one end is connected to the second keel corresponding to the back of the second umbrella leaf, and the other end is connected to the second umbrella ribs 5 at the corresponding position of the second sleeve. The second umbrella ribs are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second sleeve. In order to make the second connecting seat be mounted on the umbrella handle, the second connecting seat can be used as follows Fig.11c In the structure shown, the second connecting seat is cylindrical, and a second through hole 131 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the umbrella handle is provided in the center. In order to mount the second umbrella leaf on the second connecting seat, a plurality of second lug plates 132 extending outward may be provided at the outer edge of the second connecting seat, and a lug plate hole for hinged connection with one end of the second keel on the back of the second umbrella leaf is provided on the second lug plate. The lug plate may be a double lug plate (such as Fig.11c As shown in the figure), the double-ear plate forms a U-shaped or V-shaped clamping groove, and accordingly, one end of the second keel on the back of the second umbrella leaf is clamped between the double-ear plates and hinged through a pin; or the ear plate can be a single-ear plate (not shown in the figure), and accordingly, one end of the second keel on the back of the second umbrella leaf is provided with a U-shaped or V-shaped clamping arm for clamping the single-ear plate and hinged to it through a pin. Of course, a plurality of open grooves that are recessed radially inward from its outer wall can also be provided on the second connecting seat (see Fig.11b ), and one end of the second keel on the back of each second umbrella leaf can be inserted into the corresponding opening groove and rotatably connected to the two opposite side walls of the opening groove. The opening groove can be a V-shaped opening groove. In addition, the second connecting seat can also be hinged to the second umbrella leaf using other structures in the prior art.

[0091] During assembly, the second connection seat is located below the first connection seat. In order to ensure that the upper surfaces of the multiple second umbrella leaves and the first umbrella leaves respectively installed on the second connection seat and the first connection seat can be located on the same spherical surface after being opened to form a smooth supporting surface, the second connection seat needs to be inserted into the first connection seat. During design, a countersunk hole that forms a step with the first through hole can be opened at the lower part of the first connection seat, and the diameter of the countersunk hole is larger than the outer diameter of the first through hole and the second connection seat, so that the second connection seat can be inserted into the stepped hole.

[0092] In order to allow the second umbrella leaf installed on the second connecting seat to be spliced ​​with the first umbrella leaf installed on the first connecting seat after the second connecting seat is inserted into the first connecting seat, a plurality of notches 123 (such as Fig.11a The second umbrella leaf can be extended outward from the notch of the first connecting seat. In order to make the upper surface of the second umbrella leaf after extension be located in the same plane as the upper surface of the first umbrella leaf, the second umbrella leaf can be formed as follows: Figure 8 The structure shown, that is, the portion connected to the second connecting seat is provided with a recessed platform recessed downward from the upper surface, and the height of the recessed platform is such that the upper surface of the second umbrella leaf can be located on the same surface as the upper surface of the second connecting seat.

[0093] Alternatively, the second connection socket 13 may also be Fig.11e The structure shown in the figure comprises: an annular circular plate with a second through hole 131 in the center; a plurality of arc plates 134 fixedly connected to the upper edge of the annular circular plate and extending radially, the outer surface of each arc plate being flush and concentric with the outer surface of the annular circular plate, and a butt joint notch being formed between adjacent arc plates; a pair of second ear plates 132 arranged on the outer wall of each arc plate, the second ear plates being provided with ear plate holes for hinged connection with one end of the corresponding second keel. Accordingly, the first connection seat cooperating with the second connection seat of the structure can be adopted as follows: Fig.11d The structure shown is the same as that of the second connecting seat, except that, when in use, the two are installed back to back on the umbrella handle, that is, the first connecting seat is installed positively (the annular circular plate is on the top), and the second connecting seat is installed reversely (the annular circular plate is on the bottom), and the arc plate of the first connecting seat is inserted into the corresponding docking groove of the second connecting seat, and the docking groove of the first connecting seat is inserted into the corresponding arc plate on the second connecting seat.

[0094] In order to allow the second umbrella leaf to be closed or opened relative to the umbrella handle, the two ends of the second umbrella rib are respectively hinged to the second sleeve and the second keel on the back of the second umbrella leaf. During design, multiple second umbrella ribs can be directly hinged to the top edge of the second sleeve, or a circular stopper (not shown in the figure) with an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the first sleeve can be set at the top of the first sleeve, and multiple second umbrella ribs are hinged to the circular stopper. Among them, when the circular stopper is set at the top of the first sleeve, the structure of the hinge between the first umbrella rib and the circular stopper can refer to the connection structure between the keel and the umbrella handle of the existing umbrella, which will not be described in detail here.

[0095] In order to make the second sleeve movable relative to the umbrella handle, the inner diameter of the second sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the umbrella handle. When the second sleeve is pushed upward, the plurality of second umbrella ribs hinged thereto push the second keels on the back of the corresponding second umbrella leaves, so that the second umbrella leaves supported by the second keels are opened relative to the umbrella handle.

[0096] Since the first sleeve is located above the second sleeve, in order to enable the first sleeve to move upward along the umbrella handle driven by the second sleeve, the outer diameter of the first sleeve can be larger than the through hole of the second sleeve and smaller than the outer diameter of the second sleeve. In this way, when the second sleeve moves upward, the top end can abut against the lower end of the first sleeve (such as Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the first sleeve is driven to move upward. Alternatively, a countersunk hole can be opened at the top of the second sleeve (as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown), the first sleeve can be inserted into the countersunk hole, and when the second sleeve moves upward, the first sleeve can be embedded in the second sleeve countersunk hole and the lower end is supported by the second sleeve (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 Further, a key 41 may be provided on the outer wall of the first sleeve, and a key groove (as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown), the first sleeve is prevented from shaking relative to the second sleeve.

[0097] Among them, the structures of the multiple first umbrella leaves are the same, the structures of the multiple second umbrella leaves are the same, the first umbrella leaves and the second umbrella leaves can be fan-shaped with the same or slightly different angular arc, radius of the circle, and arc length, and the length of the first umbrella rib hinged to the first umbrella leaf is greater than or equal to the length of the second umbrella rib hinged to the second umbrella leaf. During manufacturing, each umbrella leaf is a metal umbrella leaf, such as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or other metals with certain strength and ductility, and the upper surface of each umbrella leaf is a highly polished and smooth arc surface. In addition, umbrella-shaped prostheses of different sizes can be set during manufacturing to meet the purpose of repairing lesions of different sizes.

[0098] The size relationship between the keel on the back of each umbrella leaf, each sleeve and the top cover can be as follows: Fig.18 As shown in the figure, the length of the keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf is a (the length of the keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf is the same as the length of the keel on the back of the second umbrella leaf), the distance between the first sleeve and the lower surface of the top cover is c, the length of the first umbrella rib is b, the distance between the second sleeve and the first sleeve is h, and after opening, the angle between the keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf and the umbrella handle is A, and the angle between the first umbrella rib and the umbrella handle is B. During design, the length of the keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf and the first umbrella rib can be equal. After opening, the angle A between the keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf and the umbrella handle and the angle B between the first umbrella rib and the umbrella handle can be equal. Preferably, A and B are both 45 degrees, and the distance c between the first sleeve and the lower surface of the top cover is 2 1 / 2 a, the distance between the second sleeve and the top cover is (2-2 1 / 2 )a, accordingly, the angle between the second umbrella leaf and the umbrella handle is also A, and the length of the first umbrella rib and the angle between the first umbrella rib and the umbrella handle can be determined according to the angle A and the length of the keel on the back of the first umbrella leaf (equal to the length of the second umbrella leaf). Of course, during the design, the support prosthesis with different curvature radii and the above-mentioned parameter values ​​can be determined according to actual needs.

[0099] After assembly, when looking down at the umbrella top cover, there is a second umbrella leaf between every two first umbrella leaves, and a first umbrella leaf between every two second umbrella leaves (see Figure 3d-Figure 3f , Fig.12 , Fig.13 ), after the first umbrella leaves and the second umbrella leaves are fully opened, they can be assembled into a complete umbrella shape (such as Figure 3c , Figure 4 , Figure 5 When used, the number of the first umbrella leaf and the second umbrella leaf can be selected according to actual needs, for example, three first umbrella leaves and three second umbrella leaves can be respectively provided (see Figure 3a-Figure 3n ), or four first umbrella leaves and four second umbrella leaves (see Figure 4 ), or six first umbrella leaves and six second umbrella leaves (see Figure 5 ), and may also be eight or more first umbrella leaves and second umbrella leaves. When each umbrella leaf is closed, it can be close to the umbrella handle, and when each umbrella leaf is opened, it can be embedded with each other to form a spherical surface.

[0100] The present invention arranges a plurality of first umbrella leaves and a plurality of second umbrella leaves in two layers, that is, after the first umbrella leaves are opened, the gap between the two first umbrella leaves is filled by the second umbrella leaves. This can avoid the disadvantage that the metal umbrella leaves cannot be folded, and the umbrella leaves can be stacked and wrapped around the umbrella handle when closed, thereby reducing the overall volume, which is convenient for storage and is also conducive to delivering the femoral head joint prosthesis to a preset position through a channel during minimally invasive surgery.

[0101] When in use, the cylinder is rotated upward along the axis of the umbrella handle (upward pointing in the direction close to the top cover) so that the top end of the cylinder abuts against the second sleeve, so that the second sleeve moves upward as the cylinder continues to rotate, and pushes the corresponding second umbrella leaves to open through multiple second umbrella ribs; when the second sleeve moves up to a position where the first sleeve can be pushed to move upward with it, as the cylinder continues to rotate, the first sleeve and the second sleeve move up at the same time, the second umbrella leaves continue to open, and the first umbrella leaves connected to the first sleeve through the first umbrella ribs will also open, until the second umbrella leaves and the first umbrella leaves are fully opened to the desired angle, and multiple second umbrella leaves and multiple first umbrella leaves are staggered and spliced ​​into an umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis whose upper surfaces are located on the same spherical surface.

[0102] In order to prevent the cylinder from moving backward along the axial direction of the umbrella handle after the second umbrella leaf and the first umbrella leaf are fully opened, a tail cap 10 can be screwed on the end of the umbrella handle (i.e., the end away from the top cover). The tail cap can be made into a conical shape, and screwed in or knocked so that the tip of the tail cap and the end of the umbrella handle fit through threads or tapers. The diameter of the tail end of the tail cap is slightly larger than the diameter of the bone channel, forming a bottle stopper effect to fix it in the bone channel.

[0103] The cylinder can be made to move forward or backward along the axial direction of the umbrella handle by manual rotation, or by means of other instruments such as an electric drive assembly. Accordingly, a clamping groove (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the outer wall of the cylinder, and the power output member of the electric drive assembly can be clamped in the clamping groove, so that when the electric drive assembly is working, the cylinder is driven to move forward or backward along the umbrella handle through the power output member. In addition, if an auxiliary tool is required when manually rotating the cylinder, the tool should also be clamped with the clamping groove. The structure of the clamping groove provided on the cylinder and other parts clamped with the clamping groove can refer to the existing technical structure, and the electric drive assembly that can drive the cylinder to move forward or backward along the umbrella handle is also the existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0104] Furthermore, in order to increase the friction with the bone in the early stage after the femoral head joint prosthesis of the artificial part surface of the present invention is implanted in the patient's body, and to combine with the bone to form healing and play a role of long-term fixation in the later stage, the present invention can apply a coating on the lower surface of each umbrella leaf, each keel, each umbrella handle, each sleeve, and the surface of the cylinder, and the coating can be a hydroxyapatite or titanium or tantalum metal particle coating. The coating can heal with the implanted new bone, retain more bone, and can strengthen the mechanical support under the umbrella prosthesis.

[0105] When the patient has femoral head necrosis (such as Fig.14 The bone tunnel is opened through the lateral femoral cortical bone hole to the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head weight-bearing area (such as Fig.15 As shown in the figure, after treating the dead bone in the necrotic area, a joint prosthesis that meets the size requirements is produced according to the corresponding size data calculated during the preoperative examination or measured by a probe hook during the operation. During the operation, the positioning guide needle is inserted through the bone channel under the fluoroscopic condition of the fluoroscopy machine, with the tip reaching the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head and the tail exposed at the entrance of the bone channel. The guide needle is inserted into the hollow of the umbrella handle of the produced joint prosthesis, and the joint prosthesis is inserted into the necrotic area along the guide needle. Then, by screwing in the cylinder outside the umbrella handle, the second sleeve where the end of the second umbrella rib is located and the first sleeve where the end of the first umbrella rib is located are pressed in turn, so that the first umbrella leaf and the second umbrella leaf move up and unfold (as shown in the figure). Fig.16 As shown in the figure), the prosthesis is fully opened to form an umbrella-shaped femoral head prosthesis, and the direction of the prosthesis is adjusted to form a smooth umbrella-shaped minimally invasive implant of the artificial part of the femoral head joint prosthesis (as shown in the figure). Fig.17 The outer surface of the umbrella-shaped prosthesis is a highly polished metal surface. Through the design of different sizes, it fits the surface cartilage of the patient's femoral head into a spherical surface, thereby achieving the purpose of repairing the surface of the femoral head and restoring the spherical structure of the femoral head.

[0106] The prosthesis of the present invention after being opened can achieve the function of anastomosis and friction rotation with the acetabular cartilage through the smooth outer surface, and autologous or allogeneic bone is transplanted to fill the gap in the bone necrosis area through the space under the umbrella handle and the umbrella rib support structure. The prosthesis is fixed in the entire bone channel through the umbrella handle, so that the surface force is transmitted and dispersed in the bone channel and transmitted to the femoral shaft, forming a mechanical conduction mechanism that conforms to physiological conditions. The opened prosthesis can fully achieve the load-bearing effect, can reduce the force on the host bone under the umbrella, can delay the progression of host bone necrosis, and can also transplant bones in the necrotic area or promote various biological materials for bone growth.

[0107] The minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention is a joint prosthesis for partial replacement of the femoral head. Applicable to patients with stage II to III femoral head necrosis, the cartilage in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head can be directly replaced with a smooth metal surface, and the support structure of the prosthesis itself forms a support for the metal surface, dispersing the patient's weight-bearing force to the femoral shaft, and at the same time, new bone material can be implanted under the umbrella-shaped prosthesis. Due to the support and shielding of the umbrella-shaped prosthesis, the implanted bone material itself does not need to bear weight, and it is easier to heal with the patient's bone. The joint prosthesis of the present application can be folded and unfolded, and can be implanted by a method similar to intervention, and the prosthesis is implanted by drilling a hole in the femoral head. Therefore, it is also an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis treated with minimally invasive surgery. This prosthesis can repair the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, directly replace the cartilage in the bone necrosis area with a highly polished artificial metal joint surface, and has a good mechanical support structure, which can relieve the patient's symptoms and improve the patient's function. At the same time, the prosthesis implantation requires drilling, which can also increase the blood circulation of the femoral head and slow down the further development of necrosis. It can more significantly delay the time of artificial hip replacement or avoid artificial hip replacement. At the same time, it adopts a minimally invasive surgical method of transbone intervention to reduce surgical trauma and postoperative complications.

[0108] In addition to providing the above-mentioned minimally invasive implantation of artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis, the present invention also provides a method for forming the above-mentioned minimally invasive implantation of artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis, such as Fig.19 As shown, the method includes:

[0109] An umbrella handle is formed for being inserted into a surgical channel of the femoral head;

[0110] A cylinder is formed to be mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto;

[0111] A first supporting prosthesis having a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle;

[0112] A second supporting prosthesis having a plurality of second umbrella leaves in a fan shape and staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle;

[0113] The cylinder is installed on the part of the umbrella handle below the second supporting prosthesis, so that when the cylinder moves up along the umbrella handle, it pushes the first and second umbrella leaves that are folded relative to the umbrella handle to open relative to the umbrella handle to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

[0114] Specifically, the method for forming a minimally invasive implantation of an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis includes:

[0115] S01, forming an umbrella handle for inserting into a femoral head surgical channel;

[0116] The umbrella handle is made of metal and has an external thread on the outer wall of the umbrella handle. When the external thread is set, the lower part of the umbrella handle can be provided with the external thread, and the upper part is not provided with the external thread and is a bare rod, or the outer wall of the umbrella handle can be provided with the external thread. The umbrella handle can be hollow to facilitate the insertion of the guide wire. When manufacturing, the umbrella handle can be made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or other metals with certain strength and ductility.

[0117] S02, forming a cylinder for being mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto;

[0118] A cylinder is formed to be mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto, and the cylinder can be made by existing technical methods. An internal thread matching the external thread of the umbrella handle is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the cylinder can be screwed up or down relative to the umbrella handle, thereby pushing the leaves of the second supporting prosthesis and the first supporting prosthesis to open gradually. The length of the cylinder can be determined according to the length of the umbrella handle, the opening angle of each leaf, and the distance that each rib needs to move upward.

[0119] S03, installing on the umbrella handle a first support prosthesis having a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle, and a second support prosthesis having a plurality of second umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle and staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves;

[0120] A first supporting prosthesis and a second supporting prosthesis made of metal are installed on the umbrella handle. Each element of the two supporting prostheses, especially the umbrella leaf, can be made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or other metals with certain strength and ductility.

[0121] The first supporting prosthesis and the second supporting prosthesis respectively adopt the above-mentioned structures, and the structures are not described in detail here, but only the assembly process is described.

[0122] During assembly, the first connecting seat can be mounted on the umbrella handle (it can be supported by the top cover), and then the second connecting seat can be mounted on the umbrella handle and located below the first connecting seat, and then the first sleeve can be mounted on the umbrella handle and located below the second connecting seat, and then the second sleeve can be mounted on the umbrella handle and located below the first sleeve. Then, multiple second keels are respectively fixed to the backs of multiple second umbrella leaves, and the upper ends of multiple second keels are hinged to the corresponding ear plates on the second connecting seat; multiple second umbrella ribs are hinged to the corresponding positions of the second sleeve, and multiple second keels are hinged to the corresponding multiple second umbrella ribs. Then, multiple first keels are respectively fixed to the backs of multiple first umbrella leaves, and the upper ends of multiple first keels are hinged to the corresponding ear plates on the first connecting seat; multiple first umbrella ribs are hinged to the corresponding positions of the first sleeve, and multiple first keels are hinged to the corresponding multiple first umbrella ribs. Of course, other orders can also be used to assemble the parts of the two support prostheses on the umbrella handle during assembly.

[0123] After assembly, the plurality of first fan-shaped umbrella leaves and the plurality of second umbrella leaves on the umbrella handle are staggered.

[0124] S04. Install the cylinder on the portion of the umbrella handle below the second supporting prosthesis, so that when the cylinder moves upward along the umbrella handle, it pushes the first umbrella leaves and the second umbrella leaves that are folded relative to the umbrella handle to open relative to the umbrella handle to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

[0125] The cylinder is mounted on the umbrella handle and is located below the second sleeve, so that when the cylinder moves up along the umbrella handle, it first pushes the plurality of second umbrella leaves and then pushes the plurality of first umbrella leaves to gradually open relative to the umbrella handle, and finally the plurality of first umbrella leaves and the plurality of second umbrella leaves arranged alternately are fully opened to form a complete umbrella shape (such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 The number of leaves and the size of each component can be reasonably designed so that each leaf can be as close to the handle as possible when closed to reduce the occupied space and facilitate implantation into the patient through a minimally invasive surgical channel.

[0126] Next, combine Figure 20-24 The use process of the minimally invasive implantation of the artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis of the present invention is described in detail.

[0127] 1. Establish surgical approach: Usually, the incision is made about 0.5-1 cm below the greater trochanter of the hip, about 1-2 cm long, and the muscle is minimally invasively cut to expose the lateral wall of the femur. The guide needle is inserted from the lateral wall of the femur and positioned with the aid of a fluoroscopic machine until the tip of the guide needle reaches the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head (see Fig. 20 ).

[0128] 2. Open the channel to relieve pressure: Use a hollow drill bit to drill into the lateral wall of the femur along the guide needle, and drill into the femoral head with the assistance of a fluoroscopic machine until the drill tip reaches the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, and establish a bone channel from the lateral wall of the femur to the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head (see Fig.21 ).

[0129] 3. Cleaning of the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head: Use a curette to scrape away the necrotic bone, cartilage and soft tissue in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head through the bone channel, and scrape and aspirate the necrotic area clean (see Fig. 22 ).

[0130] 4. Implantation of internal fixation: After scraping away the necrotic tissue, the bone and cartilage defects in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head are caused. Therefore, it is necessary to repair the bone and cartilage defect areas to restore the spherical structure of the femoral head so that it can bear weight and rotate. Through the bone channel, insert the assembled umbrella-shaped minimally invasive implant artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis with the umbrella leaves in the folded state along the guide needle, and position it with the assistance of a fluoroscopic machine until the tip of the umbrella-shaped prosthesis reaches the surface of the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head (see Fig.23 ).

[0131] 5. Open the umbrella-shaped prosthesis: rotate the cylinder at the tail of the umbrella-shaped prosthesis to make it slowly move forward along the thread of the umbrella handle, press against the second sleeve and then open the second umbrella leaves, continue to move forward, so that the second sleeve presses against the first sleeve and then opens the first umbrella leaves, the second sleeve and the first sleeve are against or embedded in each other, and can move forward and backward along the axis of the umbrella handle at the same time but cannot rotate with each other. Open the umbrella leaves of the umbrella-shaped prosthesis layer by layer, so that the two groups of umbrella leaves are spread out and pieced together into a spherical surface to fill the cartilage defect in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head (see Fig.24 ).

[0132] The gap below the umbrella-shaped prosthesis in the channel can be compressed and grafted with bone through the sleeve in the bone channel. After filling the gap, it can form a certain support effect on the umbrella-shaped prosthesis. The umbrella-shaped prosthesis has a stress dispersion effect on the bone grafting area, which is conducive to the direct healing of the implanted bone and the host bone. Finally, the tail end of the umbrella-shaped prosthesis handle can be supported by a bone channel plugger (i.e., tail cap) to close the entrance of the bone channel of the lateral wall of the femur.

[0133] The inner surface of the umbrella leaf, the umbrella handle and other components of the minimally invasive implanted artificial part of the femoral head joint prosthesis are coated with titanium metal, tantalum metal or hydroxyapatite, which is conducive to healing with the surrounding host bone and forming long-term mechanical support.

[0134] 6. Close the incision: After completing the above operations, rinse the incision and close it.

[0135] The minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis formed by the present invention is a joint prosthesis for partial surface replacement of the femoral head. Applicable to patients with stage II to III femoral head necrosis, the cartilage in the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head can be directly replaced with a smooth metal surface, and the support structure of the prosthesis itself forms a support for the metal surface, dispersing the patient's weight-bearing force to the femoral shaft, and at the same time, new bone material can be re-implanted into the structure, and it is easier to heal with the patient's bone when the bone material itself does not need to bear weight. The joint prosthesis of the present application can be folded and unfolded, and can be implanted by a method similar to intervention, and the prosthesis is implanted by drilling a hole in the femoral head. Therefore, it is also a minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis for minimally invasive surgical treatment. This prosthesis can repair the necrotic area of ​​the femoral head, directly replace the cartilage in the bone necrosis area with a highly polished artificial metal joint surface, and has a good mechanical support structure, which can relieve the patient's symptoms and improve the patient's function. At the same time, the prosthesis implantation requires drilling, which can also increase the blood circulation of the femoral head and slow down the further development of necrosis. It can more significantly delay the time of artificial hip replacement or avoid artificial hip replacement. At the same time, it adopts interventional minimally invasive surgical methods to reduce surgical trauma and the occurrence of postoperative complications.

[0136] Although the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make modifications based on the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made based on the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for forming a minimally invasive implantation of an artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis, comprising: An umbrella handle is formed for being inserted into a surgical channel of the femoral head; A cylinder is formed to be mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto; A first supporting prosthesis having a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle; A second supporting prosthesis having a plurality of second umbrella leaves in a fan shape and staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves and capable of being opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle is installed on the umbrella handle; The cylinder is installed on the part of the umbrella handle below the second supporting prosthesis, so that when the cylinder moves up along the umbrella handle, it pushes the first and second umbrella leaves that are folded relative to the umbrella handle to open relative to the umbrella handle to form a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

2. According to the method of claim 1, installing a first support prosthesis having a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of opening or closing relative to the umbrella handle on the umbrella handle comprises: A first connecting seat is installed at the top end of the umbrella handle; Arrange a plurality of first umbrella leaves at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first connecting seat; A first sleeve is mounted on the umbrella handle and is movable relative to the umbrella handle; One end of the plurality of first umbrella ribs is respectively connected to the back side of the corresponding first umbrella leaves, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of the first sleeve.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first rib is hinged to the first sleeve and the first umbrella leaf respectively.

4. According to the method of claim 1, mounting a second supporting prosthesis on the umbrella handle, which has a plurality of second umbrella leaves which are staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves and are fan-shaped and can be opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle, comprises: Installing a second connecting seat on the umbrella handle; Arrange a plurality of second umbrella leaves at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second connecting seat, and arrange the second umbrella leaves and the first umbrella leaves in a staggered manner; A second sleeve is mounted on the umbrella handle and is movable relative to the umbrella handle; One end of the plurality of second ribs is respectively connected to the back side of the corresponding second umbrella leaves, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of the second sleeve.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the second rib is hinged to the second sleeve and the second umbrella leaf respectively. The method of claim 4 , wherein the second sleeve is located below the first sleeve.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the length of the second rib is less than or equal to the length of the first rib.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder is threadably connected to the umbrella handle.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising providing a tail cap threadably connected to the lower end of the umbrella handle.

10. A minimally invasive implantable artificial partial surface femoral head joint prosthesis formed by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: An umbrella handle for inserting into the surgical channel of the femoral head; A cylinder mounted on the umbrella handle and movably connected thereto; A first support prosthesis sleeved on the umbrella handle and located above the cylinder has a plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and can be opened or closed relative to the umbrella handle; A second supporting prosthesis sleeved on the umbrella handle and located above the cylinder has a plurality of second umbrella leaves staggered with the plurality of first umbrella leaves in a fan shape and capable of opening or closing relative to the umbrella handle; The cylinder moving upward along the umbrella handle pushes the plurality of first umbrella leaves and the plurality of second umbrella leaves to open relative to the umbrella handle, so as to assemble a complete umbrella-shaped joint prosthesis.

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