A device and method for adjusting the inner distance of a gear hub for locomotive wheel set assembly

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of measurement technology, and specifically discloses a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device and an adjustment method for assembling a locomotive wheel set. The gear hub inner side distance adjustment device for assembling a locomotive wheel set comprises a base and a wheel axle located above the base, the outer wall of the wheel axle is sleeved with two gears, the inner walls of the two gears are provided with oil grooves, the two gears are provided with oil filling holes on the sides close to each other, and the oil filling holes are connected with adjacent oil grooves for injecting high-pressure oil into the oil grooves, and the top of the base is slidably connected with two clamping plates. When measuring and adjusting, the present invention can avoid the gear from deviating outward due to the later injection of high-pressure oil through the resistance of the thrust tube to the gear, and can make the two measuring tubes always be on the same horizontal line at different angles for measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of measurement technology, and particularly relates to a device and method for adjusting the inner distance of a gear hub for assembling a locomotive wheel set. Background Art

[0002] A wheel set is the part of a locomotive or vehicle that comes into contact with the rail, and is composed of two left and right wheels firmly pressed onto the same axle. The function of the wheel set is to ensure the running and steering of the locomotive or vehicle on the rail, bear all the static and dynamic loads from the locomotive or vehicle, and transfer these loads to the rail. At the same time, it also transfers the loads generated by the unevenness of the track to each component of the locomotive or vehicle. In addition, the driving and braking of the locomotive or vehicle also act through the wheel set.

[0003] After the left and right gears are assembled, it is necessary to adjust the phase angle of the gear, the inner distance of the gear hub, the inner distance of the gear rim, and the deviation of left and right symmetry to make them all meet the process requirements (such as Figure 2 ).

[0004] When adjusting, high-pressure oil (≤200 MPA) should first be injected into the oil injection hole of the gear to enable the gear to rotate and move easily.

[0005] However, there are still the following drawbacks when making actual adjustments:

[0006] 1. After the high-pressure oil is injected into the gear, it often moves outward due to the direction of the oil injection hole, making it impossible to accurately control the distance of inward movement, resulting in difficult adjustment;

[0007] 2. Before adjusting the inner distance of the gear hub and the inner distance of the gear rim, measurements need to be taken. However, when using an inner distance gauge for the wheel set during the measurement process, it is very difficult to maintain its levelness, resulting in limited measurement accuracy.

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes a device and method for adjusting the inner distance of a gear hub for assembling a locomotive wheel set. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks that after injecting high-pressure oil, it often moves outward, and it is very difficult to maintain the levelness of the inner distance gauge for the wheel set, resulting in inaccurate measurement. A device and method for adjusting the inner distance of a gear hub for assembling a locomotive wheel set are proposed.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A gear hub inner distance adjustment device for locomotive wheel set assembly, including a base and a wheel axle located above the base. Two gears are sleeved on the outer wall of the wheel axle. Oil grooves are provided on the inner walls of the two gears. Oil injection holes are provided on the sides of the two gears close to each other, and the oil injection holes are communicated with the adjacent oil grooves for injecting high-pressure oil into the oil grooves. Two clamping plates are slidably connected to the top of the base for clamping both ends of the wheel axle. A support platform is provided above the base for lifting the wheel axle upward;

[0012] It also includes two thrust pipes, which are respectively located on both sides of the top of the wheel axle for limiting the sides of the two gears away from each other;

[0013] It also includes two measuring cylinders, both of which are located on one side of the support platform for measuring the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub between the two gears;

[0014] Two groups of blocking structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the wheel axle for limiting one side of the gear;

[0015] A positioning structure is arranged in the base for clamping the wheel axle and making the support platform located at the center position of the two gears, facilitating accurate data measurement in the later stage;

[0016] A measuring structure is arranged on both sides of the support platform for enabling the two measuring cylinders to measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub at different angles.

[0017] In a possible design, the blocking structure includes a bearing plate arranged at one end of the wheel axle. A fastening bolt penetrates through the bearing plate, and one end of the fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the wheel axle for fixing the bearing plate at one end of the wheel axle. A screw rod is fixed on the side of the bearing plate close to the gear. A thickened nut is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod. A movable sleeve is arranged on the side of the thickened nut close to the gear, and the movable sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod. The cooperation of the thickened nut and the screw rod is used to push the movable sleeve towards the gear direction. One end of the movable sleeve away from the thickened nut is fixed with a thrust pipe for abutting against the gear; The bearing plate is fixed at the end of the wheel axle through the fastening bolt, and then the thickened nut is rotated. The thickened nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod. The thickened nut pushes the movable sleeve and the thrust pipe to move towards the middle through a thrust bearing, so that the end of the thrust pipe abuts against the outer hub surface of the gear to limit the gear. Then, the high-pressure oil pump is started to adjust the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub.

[0018] In a possible design, the positioning structure includes a moving groove provided at the top of the base. A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably connected in the moving groove. Two moving seats and two moving platforms are threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw. And the two moving seats are respectively located on the positive and negative thread sections of the bidirectional lead screw. The two moving platforms are respectively located on the positive and negative thread sections of the bidirectional lead screw. Two guide rods are fixed in the moving groove. The two guide rods are located on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw. The two moving platforms and the two moving seats are all slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two guide rods to limit the movement of the moving seats and the moving platforms. The tops of the two moving platforms are fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping plate. On both sides of the tops of the two moving seats, connecting rods are rotatably connected. The tops of the four connecting rods are rotatably connected to the same placing table. And the supporting table is fixed on the top of the placing table to lift the wheel axle upward through the supporting table. The two moving seats are located between the two moving platforms. A plurality of supporting plates are fixed in the moving groove. The top of the middle supporting plate is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod. And the top of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the bottom of the placing table to make the placing table lift smoothly. The telescopic rod is composed of an inner rod and an outer rod. And the outer rod is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the inner rod. By driving the bidirectional lead screw to rotate through a motor, the bidirectional lead screw drives the two moving seats to move towards the middle. The moving seats push the placing table and the supporting table upward through the connecting rods. The supporting table lifts the wheel axle upward. At the same time, the two clamping plates move towards each other to clamp both ends of the wheel axle, completing the support and fixation of the wheel axle and the gear. And at the same time, it is ensured that the supporting table is located in the middle position of the wheel axle, initially ensuring the symmetry of the two gears on the wheel axle, which is convenient for the later measurement of the inner diameter of the gear rim, the inner diameter of the gear hub and the left-right symmetry deviation of the two gears.

[0019] In a possible design, the measuring structure includes arc-shaped plates slidably arranged on both sides of the supporting table. On the mutually remote sides of the two arc-shaped plates, supporting frames are welded. In one of the supporting frames, a threaded rod is rotatably connected. And one end of the threaded rod rotatably penetrates through one end of the supporting frame and extends to one side of the supporting frame. In the other supporting frame, a fixed rod is fixed. A same U-shaped plate is slidably connected in the two supporting frames. One end of the fixed rod slidably penetrates through the U-shaped plate to make the U-shaped plate move smoothly. One end of the threaded rod threadedly penetrates through the U-shaped plate. The threaded rod is used to control the movement of the U-shaped plate. Two measuring cylinders are respectively fixed at both ends of the U-shaped plate. The threaded rod drives the two measuring cylinders to move inwards through the U-shaped plate. And when moving, until the ball moves between the two gears, the cooperation of the ball and the spring makes the ball closely adhere to the gear. Then, the inner diameter of the gear rim is obtained by the cooperation of the end of the measuring cylinder and the scale mark. Continuing to rotate the threaded rod makes the measuring cylinder continue to move inwards, and the inner diameter of the gear hub can be obtained. Then, the U-shaped plate drives the measuring cylinder and the supporting frame to rotate to measure the inner diameter of the gear rim and the inner diameter of the gear hub at different angles to obtain more accurate data.

[0020] In a possible design, the measuring structure further includes two measuring rods. Sliding grooves are provided at the ends of the two measuring cylinders away from each other. One end of each of the two measuring rods extends slidably into the corresponding sliding groove. Springs are fixed to one end of each of the two measuring rods close to each other. One end of each of the two springs is fixed to the inner wall of the two sliding grooves close to each other, for making the measuring rod closely contact the gear. Ball bearings are embedded at one end of each of the two measuring rods away from each other, for reducing the friction between the measuring rod and the gear. Scale marks are provided on one side of each of the two measuring rods, for measuring the extended distance of the measuring rod to obtain the inner distance of the wheel rim and the inner distance of the gear hub. Sliding blocks are fixed to one end of each of the two measuring cylinders close to each other. The two sliding blocks slide in the two support frames respectively; the U-shaped plate drives the two measuring cylinders to move inward. When moving, until the ball bearings move between the two gears, the cooperation of the ball bearings and the springs makes the ball bearings closely contact the gears. Then, the inner distance of the gear rim is obtained by the cooperation of the end of the measuring cylinder and the scale mark.

[0021] In a possible design, rectangular grooves are provided at the tops of the two measuring cylinders. The two rectangular grooves are located at the ends of the two measuring cylinders away from each other. Shift rods are slidably connected in the two rectangular grooves. The two shift rods are respectively fixed to the tops of the two measuring rods, for pulling the measuring rods into the sliding grooves.

[0022] In a possible design, annular grooves are provided at both ends of the support platform. Arc-shaped tracks are slidably connected in the two annular grooves. One side of each of the two arc-shaped tracks away from each other is fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped plate, for enabling the U-shaped plate to rotate along the track of the annular groove for multi-angle measurement.

[0023] In a possible design, a thrust bearing is provided between the thickened nut and the movable sleeve, and the thrust bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod. A plurality of key grooves are provided on the outer wall of the screw rod. Key blocks are slidably arranged in the plurality of key grooves. The plurality of key blocks are all fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve, for enabling the movable sleeve to slide smoothly on the screw rod.

[0024] In a possible design, a plurality of relief grooves are provided on the top of the support platform. Rotating shafts are fixed in the plurality of relief grooves. Arc-shaped clamping plates are rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the plurality of rotating shafts. Rubber cushion blocks are fixed to the bottom inner walls of the plurality of relief grooves, and the rubber cushion blocks and the rotating shafts are located on both sides of the wheel axle. Hexagonal bolts are provided in the plurality of arc-shaped clamping plates, and the hexagonal bolts penetrate through the arc-shaped clamping plates and are threadedly connected to the rubber cushion blocks, for clamping and fixing the wheel axle by the arc-shaped clamping plates; when the wheel axle is placed on the support platform, rotate the arc-shaped clamping plate, clamp the arc-shaped clamping plate on the wheel axle, and then tighten the hexagonal bolt, which can clamp the wheel axle and prevent the gear and the wheel axle from shaking when the measuring rod and the measuring cylinder measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub later.

[0025] In this application, a method for adjusting the inner distance of a gear hub for locomotive wheel set assembly includes the following steps:

[0026] S1. Preparation before measurement: Place the axle and the gear on the base, drive the bidirectional lead screw by a motor to raise the moving seat, the placing table and the supporting table. The supporting table holds up the axle, and at the same time, the clamping plates clamp both ends of the axle to complete fixation and preliminary symmetric positioning, preparing for the measurement of the gear spacing and symmetry.

[0027] S2. To prevent the gear from shifting, first fix the bearing plate to the axle end with fastening bolts, then rotate the thickening nut. The thrust bearing between the thickening nut and the movable sleeve is used to push the movable sleeve and the thrust tube to closely adhere to the outer hub surface of the gear for limiting. Subsequently, start the high-pressure oil pump to adjust the distance. The thrust bearing between the thickening nut and the movable sleeve ensures convenient and safe operation.

[0028] S3. Before adjustment, it is necessary to measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub. By rotating the threaded rod, the U-shaped plate drives the measuring cylinder to approach the gear. The cooperation of the ball and the spring ensures close adhesion to the gear surface. The end of the measuring cylinder cooperates with the scale mark for reading to obtain the required data. Continuing to rotate the threaded rod can further measure the inner distance of the gear hub. By rotating the measuring cylinder and the support frame through the U-shaped plate, multi-angle measurement is realized to ensure accurate data. After completion, start the high-pressure oil pump for adjustment.

[0029] S4. When the axle is supported on the supporting table, rotate the arc-shaped clamping plate and clamp the axle tightly, and tighten the hexagon bolts to stabilize the axle, preventing the gear and the axle from shaking during the measurement process and ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0030] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, a fastening bolt penetrates through the bearing plate. One side of the bearing plate close to the gear is fixed with a screw rod. The outer wall of the screw rod is threadedly sleeved with a thickening nut. One side of the thickening nut close to the gear is provided with a movable sleeve, and the movable sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod. One end of the movable sleeve away from the thickening nut is fixed with a thrust tube. The bearing plate is fixed to the end of the axle through the fastening bolt, and then the thickening nut is rotated. The thickening nut is threadedly connected with the screw rod. The thickening nut pushes the movable sleeve and the thrust tube to move towards the middle through the thrust bearing, so that the end of the thrust tube abuts against the outer hub surface of the gear to limit the gear. Then, start the high-pressure oil pump to adjust the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub.

[0031] In the present invention, a bidirectional lead screw is rotatably connected in the moving groove. Two moving seats and two moving platforms are sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw in a threaded manner. Clamping plates are fixed on the tops of the two moving platforms. Link rods are rotatably connected to both sides of the tops of the two moving seats. The tops of the four link rods are rotatably connected to the same placing table, and the support table is fixed on the top of the placing table. The bidirectional lead screw drives the two moving seats and the moving platforms to move towards the middle. The moving seats lift the support table and the wheel axle upwards through the link rods. The two clamping plates clamp the two ends of the wheel axle, completing the support and fixation of the wheel axle and the gear, and at the same time ensuring that the support table is located in the middle of the wheel axle, initially ensuring the symmetry of the two gears on the wheel axle, facilitating the measurement of the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub and the deviation of the left-right symmetry of the two gears in the later stage;

[0032] In the present invention, support frames are welded on the mutually remote sides of the two arc-shaped plates. A threaded rod is rotatably connected in one of the support frames. The same U-shaped plate is slidably connected in the two support frames. One end of the threaded rod threadedly penetrates through the U-shaped plate. The two measuring cylinders are respectively fixed at the two ends of the U-shaped plate. The threaded rod drives the two measuring cylinders to move inwards through the U-shaped plate. The cooperation of the ball and the spring makes the ball closely adhere to the gear. Then, the inner distance of the gear rim is obtained by the cooperation of the end of the measuring cylinder and the scale mark. By continuously rotating the threaded rod to make the measuring cylinder continue to move inwards, the inner distance of the gear hub can be obtained. Then, the U-shaped plate drives the measuring cylinder and the support frame to rotate, so that the two measuring cylinders are always on the same horizontal line at different angles for measuring the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub, obtaining relatively accurate data;

[0033] In the present invention, when performing measurement and adjustment, the resistance of the gear by the thrust tube can prevent the gear from shifting outwards due to the injection of high-pressure oil in the later stage, and during measurement, the two measuring cylinders can always be on the same horizontal line at different angles for measurement, obtaining relatively accurate data, which is convenient for later adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a gear hub inner distance adjustment device for locomotive wheel set assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a sectional structural diagram of a gear of a gear hub inner distance adjustment device for locomotive wheel set assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the base, support table and clamping plate of a gear hub inner distance adjustment device for locomotive wheel set assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the thrust tube and the gear matching of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 The three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the movable sleeve, the screw rod and the thickened nut of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support table, the arc plate and the U-shaped plate of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 The three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the support table, the arc track and the arc plate of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 The three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the U-shaped plate and the measuring cylinder of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 The partial three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the measuring rod and the measuring cylinder of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 The sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support table and the arc-shaped clamping plate of a gear hub inner side distance adjustment device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 is Figure 2 The enlarged view of part A in

[0045] Figure 12 is Figure 4 The enlarged view of part B in

[0046] In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Axle; 3. Gear; 4. Oil groove; 5. Oil injection hole; 6. Load-bearing plate; 7. Fastening bolt; 8. Screw rod; 9. Thickened nut; 10. Thrust bearing; 11. Movable sleeve; 12. Thrust tube; 13. Keyway; 14. Key block; 15. Moving groove; 16. Guide rod; 17. Bi-directional lead screw; 18. Moving seat; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Placing table; 21. Support table; 22. Telescopic rod; 23. Moving table; 24. Clamping plate; 25. Annular groove; 26. Arc-shaped track; 27. Arc-shaped plate; 28. Support frame; 29. Threaded rod; 30. Fixed rod; 31. U-shaped plate; 32. Measuring cylinder; 33. Sliding block; 34. Sliding groove; 35. Measuring rod; 36. Spring; 37. Ball; 38. Scale mark; 39. Rectangular groove; 40. Poking rod; 41. Yielding groove; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Arc-shaped clamping plate; 44. Rubber cushion block; 45. Hexagonal bolt. Detailed implementation mode

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 11 , an adjustment device, which is applied in the field of locomotive wheel set maintenance. This device includes a base 1 and an axle 2 located above the base 1. Two gears 3 are sleeved on the outer wall of the axle 2. Oil grooves 4 are provided on the inner walls of both of these two gears 3. Oil injection holes 5 are provided on one side of the two gears 3 close to each other. The oil injection holes 5 are communicated with the adjacent oil grooves 4. In this way, high-pressure oil can be injected into the oil grooves 4 through the oil injection holes 5 to adjust the position of the gears 3 on the axle 2.

[0049] Refer to Figures 1-3 and Figure 11 , two clamping plates 24 are slidably connected to the top of the base 1. These two clamping plates 24 are used to clamp both ends of the axle 2 to ensure the stability of the axle 2 during the adjustment process. A support table 21 is provided above the base 1. This support table 21 is used to lift the axle 2 and the gears 3 thereon upward to facilitate subsequent operations and adjustments.

[0050] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 11 , in order to achieve the limit of the gears 3, this device further includes two thrust tubes 12. These two thrust tubes 12 are respectively located on both sides of the top of the axle 2 and are used to limit one side of the two gears 3 away from each other to ensure that the gears 3 will not shift to both sides during the adjustment process.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6, in order to measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub, the device further includes two measuring cylinders 32, and both of these two measuring cylinders 32 are located on one side of the support table 21. Through these two measuring cylinders 32, the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub between the two gears 3 can be accurately measured.

[0052] Refer to Figure 2 , Figure 11 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in order to achieve the limit on one side of the gear 3, a set of blocking structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle 2 of the device. This set of blocking structures includes a bearing plate 6 arranged at one end of the axle 2, and a fastening bolt 7 penetrates through the bearing plate 6. One end of the fastening bolt 7 is threadedly connected to the axle 2, thereby fixing the bearing plate 6 at one end of the axle 2. A screw rod 8 is fixed on the side of the bearing plate 6 close to the gear 3, and a thickened nut 9 is threadedly sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod 8. A movable sleeve 11 is arranged on the side of the thickened nut 9 close to the gear 3, and the movable sleeve 11 is sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod 8. By rotating the thickened nut 9, the movable sleeve 11 can be pushed to move towards the gear 3. A thrust tube 12 is fixed at one end of the movable sleeve 11 away from the thickened nut 9, which is used to abut against the gear 3 to achieve the limit on the gear 3.

[0053] When using this device, first fix the bearing plate 6 at the end of the axle 2 through the fastening bolt 7, then rotate the thickened nut 9 to make the end of the thrust tube 12 abut against the outer hub surface of the gear 3 to limit the gear 3. Then, start the motor to drive the bidirectional lead screw 17 to rotate, so that the support table 21 lifts the axle 2 upward, and at the same time, two clamping plates 24 clamp both ends of the axle 2. Then, inject high-pressure oil into the oil groove 4 through the oil injection hole 5 to adjust the position of the gear 3 on the axle 2. Finally, use the measuring cylinder 32 to measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub, and make adjustments according to the measurement results until the required inner distance of the gear hub is reached.

[0054] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3, To achieve the clamping of the wheel axle 2 and the positioning of the support platform 21, the device further includes a positioning structure. This positioning structure includes a moving groove 15 provided at the top of the base 1, and a bidirectional lead screw 17 is rotatably connected in the moving groove 15. Two moving seats 18 and two moving platforms 23 are thread sleeved on the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw 17, and these two moving seats 18 and two moving platforms 23 are respectively located on the positive and negative threaded sections of the bidirectional lead screw 17. Two guide rods 16 are fixed in the moving groove 15, and these two guide rods 16 are located on both sides of the bidirectional lead screw 17. Both of the two moving platforms 23 and two moving seats 18 are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two guide rods 16 to limit the movement of the moving seats 18 and the moving platforms 23. The tops of the two moving platforms 23 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping plate 24, and both sides of the tops of the two moving seats 18 are rotatably connected with connecting rods 19. The tops of the four connecting rods 19 are rotatably connected to the same placement platform 20, and the support platform 21 is fixed on the top of the placement platform 20.

[0055] By driving the bidirectional lead screw 17 to rotate through the motor, the two moving seats 18 can be driven to move towards the middle. The moving seats 18 push the placement platform 20 and the support platform 21 upward through the connecting rods 19, and the support platform 21 lifts the wheel axle 2 upward. At the same time, the two clamping plates 24 move towards each other to clamp both ends of the wheel axle 2. In this way, the support and fixation of the wheel axle 2 and the gear 3 are completed, and at the same time, it is ensured that the support platform 21 is located in the middle of the wheel axle 2, initially ensuring the symmetry of the two gears 3 on the wheel axle 2.

[0056] A plurality of support plates are fixed in the moving groove 15. The top of the support plate located in the middle is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod 22, and the top of the telescopic rod 22 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the placement platform 20 to enable the placement platform 20 to lift smoothly. The telescopic rod 22 is composed of an inner rod and an outer rod, and the outer rod is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the inner rod.

[0057] Refer to Figures 6-9 , To achieve the precise measurement of the inner diameter of the gear rim and the inner diameter of the gear hub, the device further includes a measurement structure. This measurement structure is provided on both sides of the support platform 21 to enable the two measuring cylinders 32 to measure the inner diameter of the gear rim and the inner diameter of the gear hub at different angles. By adjusting the position and angle of the measuring cylinder 32, the precise measurement of the gear 3 can be achieved. The adjustment device includes a measurement structure. The specific structure of the measurement structure includes that arc-shaped plates 27 are slidably arranged on both sides of the support platform 21, and these two arc-shaped plates 27 can be slid and adjusted along both sides of the support platform 21 to adapt to gears of different sizes. On the side where the two arc-shaped plates 27 are away from each other, support frames 28 are welded, and these two support frames 28 provide a stable support for the subsequent measurement mechanism.

[0058] Refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8, within one of the support frames 28, a threaded rod 29 is rotatably connected. One end of this threaded rod 29 rotatably penetrates one end of the support frame 28 and extends to the outside of the support frame 28, facilitating the operator's rotation. While within the other support frame 28, a fixed rod 30 is fixed, and this fixed rod 30 provides guidance for subsequent sliding connection.

[0059] Refer to Figures 6-8 , within the two support frames 28, a U-shaped plate 31 is slidably connected in common. The design of this U-shaped plate 31 enables it to slide smoothly within the two support frames 28. One end of the fixed rod 30 slidably penetrates the U-shaped plate 31, providing stable guidance for the sliding of the U-shaped plate 31. While one end of the threaded rod 29 threadedly penetrates the U-shaped plate 31, and by rotating the threaded rod 29, the sliding distance of the U-shaped plate 31 within the two support frames 28 can be controlled.

[0060] Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , at both ends of the U-shaped plate 31, two measuring cylinders 32 are respectively fixed, and these two measuring cylinders 32 are used for subsequent measurement work. At the mutually remote ends of each measuring cylinder 32, a sliding groove 34 is provided, and a measuring rod 35 is slidably connected within the sliding groove 34. At the mutually approaching ends of these two measuring rods 35, springs 36 are fixed, and the other ends of the springs 36 are fixed on the inner wall of the sliding groove 34. Such a design enables the measuring rod 35 to closely adhere to the gear 3 under the action of the spring 36.

[0061] Refer to Figure 9 , at the mutually remote ends of the measuring rods 35, balls 37 are embedded. The design of the balls 37 can reduce the friction between the measuring rods 35 and the gear 3, making the measurement more accurate. At the same time, on one side of the measuring rod 35, a scale mark 38 is also provided, and this scale mark 38 is used to measure the extended distance of the measuring rod 35, thereby obtaining the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub.

[0062] Refer to Figure 9 , to facilitate the operation of the measuring rod 35, rectangular grooves 39 are provided at the tops of the two measuring cylinders 32, and a lever 40 is slidably connected within the rectangular grooves 39. This lever 40 is fixed to the top of the measuring rod 35, and by pulling the lever 40, the measuring rod 35 can be pulled into the sliding groove 34, facilitating adjustment and measurement.

[0063] At the mutually approaching ends of the two measuring cylinders 32, sliding blocks 33 are respectively fixed, and the two sliding blocks 33 respectively slide within the two support frames 28, for increasing the stability of the movement of the measuring cylinders 32.

[0064] During use, first, by adjusting the position of the arc-shaped plate 27, the measuring structure can be adapted to the size of the gear. Then, rotate the threaded rod 29, and drive the two measuring cylinders 32 to move inward through the U-shaped plate 31 until the ball 37 moves between the two gears 3. At this time, the cooperation between the ball 37 and the spring 36 makes the ball 37 closely adhere to the gear 3. Then, by observing the cooperation between the end of the measuring cylinder 32 and the scale mark 38, the inner distance of the gear rim can be obtained. Next, continue to rotate the threaded rod 29 to make the measuring cylinder 32 continue to move inward, and at this time, the inner distance of the gear hub can be obtained. In order to obtain more accurate data, the measuring cylinder 32 and the support frame 28 can be driven by the U-shaped plate 31 to rotate, and the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub can be measured at different angles.

[0065] In addition, when it is necessary to adjust the position of the measuring rod 35, the measuring rod 35 can be pulled into the sliding groove 34 by pulling the lever 40, and then adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, release the lever 40, and the measuring rod 35 will closely adhere to the gear 3 under the action of the spring 36, and continue the measurement work.

[0066] Refer to Figure 7 , annular grooves 25 are provided at both ends of the support table 21. The design of these two annular grooves 25 is to accommodate and guide the sliding of the arc-shaped track 26. Specifically, the two arc-shaped tracks 26 are slidably connected in the corresponding annular grooves 25, and the mutually remote sides of the two arc-shaped tracks 26 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped plates 27.

[0067] This design enables when it is necessary to measure the inner distance of the gear hub, the position of the U-shaped plate 31 can be changed by moving the arc-shaped track 26, and further enables the U-shaped plate 31 to rotate at multiple angles along the track of the annular groove 25, thereby realizing the multi-angle measurement of the inner distance of the gear hub, and improving the accuracy and flexibility of the measurement.

[0068] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 12 and Figure 5 , further, a thrust bearing 10 is provided between the thickened nut 9 and the movable sleeve 11. The thrust bearing 10 is sleeved on the outer wall of the screw rod 8. This design can reduce the friction between the thickened nut 9 and the movable sleeve 11, enabling the movable sleeve 11 to slide smoothly on the screw rod 8. In order to enhance the sliding stability of the movable sleeve 11 on the screw rod 8, a plurality of key grooves 13 are provided on the outer wall of the screw rod 8. Key blocks 14 are slidably arranged in these key grooves 13, and these key blocks 14 are fixed on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 11.

[0069] Through this design, when the movable sleeve 11 slides on the screw rod 8, the key block 14 will slide in the key groove 13, thereby ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the sliding of the movable sleeve 11.

[0070] In summary, through the design of this embodiment, the accurate adjustment of the inner distance of the gear hub of the locomotive wheel set can be achieved, and the measurement process is stable and accurate, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the locomotive wheel set assembly.

[0071] Example 2: Refer to Figure 10 , on the basis of Example 1, the improvement is as follows: A plurality of relief grooves 41 are also provided on the top of the support table 21. In these relief grooves 41, a rotating shaft 42 is fixed, and an arc-shaped clamping plate 43 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 42. In order to enable the arc-shaped clamping plate 43 to better clamp the axle 2, rubber cushion blocks 44 are fixed on the bottom inner walls of the plurality of relief grooves 41. These rubber cushion blocks 44 and the rotating shaft 42 are located on both sides of the axle 2, playing a role of buffering and stabilizing. In the arc-shaped clamping plate 43, hexagon head bolts 45 are provided, and these hexagon head bolts 45 penetrate through the arc-shaped clamping plate 43 and are threadedly connected with the rubber cushion blocks 44. When it is necessary to fix the axle 2 on the support table 21, only need to rotate the arc-shaped clamping plate 43, clamp the arc-shaped clamping plate 43 on the axle 2, and then tighten the hexagon head bolts 45. Such a design can effectively prevent the gear 3 and the axle 2 from shaking during the later measurement of the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0072] An adjustment method for an inner distance adjustment device of a locomotive wheel set assembly includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Before measurement, move the axle 2 and the gear 3 onto the base 1, and the axle 2 is located above the support table 21. Drive the bidirectional lead screw 17 to rotate through the motor, and the bidirectional lead screw 17 drives the two moving seats 18 to move towards the middle. The moving seats 18 push the placing table 20 and the support table 21 upward through the connecting rods 19, and the support table 21 lifts the axle 2 upward. At the same time, the two clamping plates 24 move towards each other to clamp the two ends of the axle 2, completing the support and fixation of the axle 2 and the gear 3, and at the same time ensuring that the support table 21 is located in the middle position of the axle 2, initially ensuring the symmetry of the two gears 3 on the axle 2, facilitating the later measurement of the inner distance of the gear rim, the inner distance of the gear hub, and the deviation of the left-right symmetry of the two gears 3;

[0074] S2. Before measurement, in order to prevent the gear 3 from shifting outward, fix the bearing plate 6 to the end of the axle 2 through the fastening bolt 7, and then rotate the thickened nut 9. The thickened nut 9 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 8. The thickened nut 9 pushes the movable sleeve 11 and the thrust tube 12 towards the middle through the thrust bearing 10, so that the end of the thrust tube 12 abuts against the outer hub surface of the gear 3 to limit the gear 3. Then start the high-pressure oil pump to adjust the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub; to prevent the thrust tube 12 from rotating and damaging the gear 3, a thrust bearing 10 is installed between the thickened nut 9 and the movable sleeve 11, making it convenient and fast to use;

[0075] S3. Before starting the adjustment of the high-pressure oil pump, it is necessary to measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub. During the operation, rotate the threaded rod 29. The threaded rod 29 drives the two measuring cylinders 32 to move inward through the U-shaped plate 31. When moving, until the ball 37 moves between the two gears 3, the cooperation of the ball 37 and the spring 36 makes the ball 37 closely adhere to the gear 3. Then, the inner distance of the gear rim is obtained by the cooperation of the end of the measuring cylinder 32 and the scale mark 38. Continue to rotate the threaded rod 29 to make the measuring cylinder 32 continue to move inward, and the inner distance of the gear hub can be obtained. Then, drive the measuring cylinder 32 and the support frame 28 to rotate through the U-shaped plate 31, and measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub at different angles to obtain more accurate data. Finally, start the high-pressure oil pump for adjustment;

[0076] S4. When the axle 2 is placed on the support table 21, rotate the arc-shaped clamping plate 43 and clamp the arc-shaped clamping plate 43 on the axle 2, and then tighten the hexagon bolt 45 to clamp the axle 2, so as to avoid the gears 3 and the axle 2 from shaking when the measuring rod 35 and the measuring cylinder 32 measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub later.

[0077] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear hub inner distance adjustment device for assembling a locomotive wheel set, comprising a base and a wheel axle located above the base, wherein the outer wall of the wheel axle is sleeved with two gears, the inner walls of the two gears are provided with oil grooves, and the sides of the two gears close to each other are provided with oil injection holes, and the oil injection holes are connected with the adjacent oil grooves for injecting high-pressure oil into the oil grooves, characterized in that: Two clamping plates are slidably connected to the top of the base to clamp the two ends of the wheel axle. A support platform is provided above the base to lift the wheel axle upwards. It also includes two thrust tubes, which are respectively located on both sides of the top of the wheel shaft and are used to limit the sides of the two gears that are away from each other; It also includes two measuring cylinders, both of which are located on one side of the support platform and are used to measure the inner side distance of the gear rim and the inner side distance of the gear hub between the two gears; Two sets of blocking structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the axle to limit one side of the gear; The positioning structure is set in the base and is used to clamp the wheel axle and make the support platform located at the center of the two gears, so as to facilitate accurate data measurement in the later stage; The measuring structure is arranged on both sides of the support platform and is used to enable two measuring cylinders to measure the inner side distance of the gear rim and the inner side distance of the gear hub at different angles; The positioning structure includes a moving groove arranged on the top of the base, a two-way screw is rotatably connected in the moving groove, and a threaded sleeve on the outer wall of the two-way screw is provided with two moving seats and two moving platforms, two guide rods are fixed in the moving groove, and the two guide rods are located on both sides of the two-way screw, and the two moving platforms and the two moving seats are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the two guide rods, for limiting the movement of the moving seat and the moving platform, the tops of the two moving platforms are fixedly connected to the bottom of the splint, the tops of the two moving seats are rotatably connected to the connecting rods on both sides, the tops of the four connecting rods are rotatably connected to the same placing platform, and the support platform is fixed on the top of the placing platform, for lifting the wheel axle upward through the support platform, the two moving seats are located between the two moving platforms, a plurality of support plates are fixed in the moving groove, a telescopic rod is fixed on the top of the middle support plate, and the top of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placing platform, for making the placing platform rise and fall smoothly, the telescopic rod is composed of an inner rod and an outer rod, and the outer rod is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the inner rod The measuring structure includes arc-shaped plates slidably arranged on both sides of the support platform, and support frames are welded on the sides of the two arc-shaped plates away from each other, a threaded rod is rotatably connected in one of the support frames, and one end of the threaded rod rotates through one end of the support frame and extends to one side of the support frame, a fixed rod is fixed in the other support frame, and the two support frames are slidably connected with the same U-shaped plate, one end of the fixed rod slides through the U-shaped plate to make the U-shaped plate move smoothly, one end of the threaded rod is threaded through the U-shaped plate, and the threaded rod is used to control the movement of the U-shaped plate, and two measuring cylinders are respectively fixed at both ends of the U-shaped plate; The measuring structure also includes two measuring rods, and the ends of the two measuring cylinders that are far away from each other are provided with sliding grooves. The ends of the two measuring rods that are close to each other slide and extend into the corresponding sliding grooves respectively. The ends of the two measuring rods that are close to each other are fixed with springs. The ends of the two springs that are close to each other are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the two sliding grooves that are close to each other, so as to make the measuring rods close to the gears. The ends of the two measuring rods that are far away from each other are embedded with balls, so as to reduce the friction between the measuring rods and the gears. One side of the two measuring rods is provided with scale marks, so as to measure the distances of the extending measuring rods to obtain the inner distances of the wheel rim and the inner distances of the gear hub. The ends of the two measuring cylinders that are close to each other are fixed with sliding blocks, and the two sliding blocks slide in the two supporting frames respectively. The tops of the two measuring cylinders are provided with rectangular grooves, the two rectangular grooves are located at the ends of the two measuring cylinders away from each other, and the two rectangular grooves are slidably connected with levers, which are respectively fixed on the tops of the two measuring rods and are used to pull the measuring rods into the sliding grooves; Both ends of the support platform are provided with annular grooves, and arc tracks are slidably connected in the two annular grooves. The sides of the two arc tracks that are away from each other are fixedly connected to the corresponding arc plates, so as to rotate the U-shaped plate along the track of the annular groove for multi-angle measurement.

2. A gear hub inner distance adjustment device for assembling a locomotive wheel set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking structure includes a load-bearing plate arranged at one end of the wheel axle, a fastening bolt passing through the load-bearing plate, and one end of the fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the wheel axle for fixing the load-bearing plate to one end of the wheel axle, a screw is fixed on the side of the load-bearing plate close to the gear, a thickened nut is provided on the threaded sleeve of the outer wall of the screw, a movable sleeve is provided on the side of the thickened nut close to the gear, and the movable sleeve is provided on the outer wall of the screw, the thickened nut and the screw are cooperated to push the movable sleeve to move toward the gear direction, and a thrust tube is fixed on the end of the movable sleeve away from the thickened nut for resisting the gear.

3. A gear hub inner distance adjustment device for assembling a locomotive wheel set according to claim 2, characterized in that: A thrust bearing is arranged between the thickened nut and the movable sleeve, and the thrust bearing sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the screw. The outer wall of the screw is provided with a plurality of key slots, and key blocks are slidably arranged in the plurality of key slots. The plurality of key blocks are fixed on the inner wall of the movable sleeve to enable the movable sleeve to slide smoothly on the screw.

4. A gear hub inner distance adjustment device for assembling a locomotive wheel set according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of clearance grooves are provided on the top of the support platform, and a rotating shaft is fixed in each of the clearance grooves. An arc-shaped clamping plate is rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of each of the rotating shafts. Rubber pads are fixed on the bottom inner walls of the plurality of clearance grooves, and the rubber pads and the rotating shaft are located on both sides of the wheel axle. Hexagonal bolts are provided in each of the plurality of arc-shaped clamping plates, and the hexagonal bolts penetrate the arc-shaped clamping plates and are threadedly connected to the rubber pads, so as to clamp and fix the arc-shaped clamping plates to the wheel axle.

5. An adjustment method using the gear hub inner distance adjustment device for assembling a locomotive wheel set as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation before measurement: Place the axle and gear on the base, use the motor to drive the bidirectional screw, so that the mobile seat drives the placement table and the support table to rise, the support table holds the axle, and the clamping plate clamps both ends of the axle to complete the fixation and preliminary symmetrical positioning; S2. To prevent the gear from shifting, first fix the bearing plate to the axle end with the fastening bolts, then rotate the thickened nut, push the movable sleeve and the thrust tube close to the outer hub surface of the gear through the thrust bearing to limit the position, and then start the high-pressure oil pump to adjust the spacing; S3. Before adjustment, measure the inner distance of the gear rim and the inner distance of the gear hub; by rotating the threaded rod, the U-shaped plate drives the measuring tube close to the gear, and the ball and spring cooperate to ensure close contact with the gear surface; the end of the measuring tube and the scale mark are matched to read the required data; continue to rotate the threaded rod to further measure the inner distance of the gear hub; rotate the measuring tube and the support frame through the U-shaped plate to achieve multi-angle measurement to ensure accurate data; after completion, start the high-pressure oil pump for adjustment; S4. When the axle is supported on the support platform, rotate the arc-shaped clamping plate and clamp the axle, tighten the hexagonal bolts to stabilize the axle, prevent the gears and axle from shaking during the measurement process, and ensure the measurement accuracy.

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