Lightweight composite material target plate and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof materials, and discloses a lightweight composite material target plate and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following preparation steps that epoxy resin, a curing agent, a silane coupling agent, composite boron carbide ceramic, a heat conduction additive and a solvent are mixed and stirred, and an epoxy resin binder is obtained; coating the upper and lower surfaces of a wood board with an epoxy resin binder to obtain wood board layers, and coating the upper and lower surfaces of quartz fiber cloth with the epoxy resin binder to obtain quartz fiber cloth layers; and the damping rubber plate, the wood plate layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and the composite material target plate is obtained through rolling and curing. Silicon carbide nanowires are formed in the boron carbide ceramic, crack propagation of the boron carbide ceramic is inhibited, the strength of the boron carbide ceramic is improved, and the bulletproof performance of the composite material target material is enhanced; the nano zinc oxide forms a concave-convex structure on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic, so that the strength of the boron carbide ceramic is enhanced, and the bulletproof performance of the composite target material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bulletproof materials, in particular to a lightweight composite material target plate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern high-tech and anti-armor weapon technology, the protection of combatants and weapons and equipment has received increasing attention, so higher requirements have been placed on the performance of armor protection materials. In modern warfare, in addition to excellent impact resistance, penetration resistance and collapse resistance, armor protection materials must also take into account factors such as material cost and quality. Lightweight and strong protection are the eternal themes of the development of armor equipment. Therefore, modern armor protection materials should meet the requirements of high hardness, high strength, high toughness, low density and low cost as much as possible. Among them, metal-based composite materials, fiber-reinforced composite materials, ceramic-based composite materials and damping polymer composite materials have super hardness and are widely used in armor protection materials.

[0003] Under the strong impact force of bullets, the composite target plates are not firmly bonded together and are prone to displacement, which affects the bulletproof performance. High-hardness ceramic materials are mixed with the materials of the interval fixing blocks to form an adhesive that adheres to the layers of the composite target plates, so that the composite target plates are firmly bonded and the bulletproof performance is improved. However, high-hardness ceramic materials are very brittle. When the huge impact force of the bullet hits the composite target plate, the high-hardness ceramics are prone to break, causing the composite target plate to break and produce cracks, which affects the bulletproof performance of the composite target plate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a lightweight composite material target plate and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the composite material target plates are not firmly bonded and high-hardness ceramic materials are prone to breakage, resulting in reduced anti-ballistic performance of the composite material target plates.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0007] S1. The epoxy resin, curing agent, silane coupling agent, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and solvent are mixed and stirred at 300-400r / min for 30-40min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0008] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive on the upper and lower surfaces of the wooden board to obtain a wooden board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive on the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer.

[0009] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, and after rolling, they are cured at 70-90° C. for 20-30 minutes to obtain a composite material target plate.

[0010] The composite boron carbide ceramic is obtained by treating the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires with potassium permanganate, reacting it with zinc acetate dihydrate and ammonia water, and then reacting it with organic silane and pretreated carbon fiber.

[0011] The boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires is obtained by a mixed reaction of boron carbide ceramic, nickel chloride hexahydrate and methyltrichlorosilane;

[0012] The thermal conductive additive is obtained by mixed reaction of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, metal ion solution, boron nitride nanosheets and comonomers.

[0013] Furthermore, the dimensions of the damping rubber plate are: 100-2000 mm in length, 100-2000 mm in width, and 1-6 mm in thickness.

[0014] Furthermore, the dimensions of the wooden board are: 100-2000 mm in length, 100-2000 mm in width, and 1-7 mm in thickness.

[0015] Furthermore, the dimensions of the PE board are: 100-2000 mm in length, 100-2000 mm in width, and 5-20 mm in thickness.

[0016] Furthermore, the dimensions of the quartz fiber cloth are: 100-2000 mm in length, 100-2000 mm in width, and 0.5-3 mm in thickness.

[0017] Furthermore, the size of the steel plate is 100-2000 mm in length, 100-2000 mm in width, and 2-6 mm in thickness.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, the mass ratio of epoxy resin, curing agent, silane coupling agent, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and solvent is (80-100):(10-20):(8-10):(20-30):(15-20):(50-60).

[0019] Furthermore, the epoxy resin is selected from any one of E51 epoxy resin, E42 epoxy resin and E 44 epoxy resin.

[0020] Furthermore, the curing agent is selected from any one of diaminodiphenylmethane, m-phenylenediamine, and diaminodiphenyl sulfone.

[0021] Furthermore, the silane coupling agent is selected from any one of KH550, KH560 and KH570.

[0022] Furthermore, the solvent is selected from any one of ethanol, toluene and xylene.

[0023] Furthermore, the composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0024] A1. Add nickel chloride hexahydrate, methyltrichlorosilane and boron carbide ceramics to ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 50-60°C, stir at 500-600r / min for 40-50min, introduce argon, react at 1000-1200°C for 1-2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash and dry to obtain boron carbide ceramics loaded with nanowires;

[0025] A2. Potassium permanganate and boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires are added to deionized water, stirred at 30-40°C for 1-2h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a solid;

[0026] A3. Add zinc acetate dihydrate, monoethanolamine and ammonia water to deionized water, stir evenly, add solid, stir evenly, stir and react at 90-110°C for 2-4h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash and dry to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics;

[0027] A4. Add the carbon fiber to Tris-HCl buffer, stir evenly, add dopamine, and after the reaction is complete, filter, wash, and dry to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0028] A5. Add organosilane and pretreated carbon fiber to ethanol, stir evenly, add modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 40-50°C, stir and react at 300-350r / min for 3-5h, filter, wash and dry to obtain composite boron carbide ceramics.

[0029] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned A1 reaction process, nickel chloride hexahydrate is used as a catalyst, methyltrichlorosilane is used as a silicon source and a carbon source, and the porous structure of the boron carbide ceramic can adsorb methyltrichlorosilane into the pores of the boron carbide ceramic. When hydrogen is introduced, methyltrichlorosilane is thermally decomposed at 1000-1200°C to form carbon and silicon elements. The carbon and silicon elements are covalently bonded to form a silicon carbide crystal structure, and the carbon elements in the pores of the boron carbide ceramic can also be combined with the silicon elements, so that the silicon carbide crystals grow along the pore walls of the boron carbide ceramic, thereby forming silicon carbide nanowires in the pores of the boron carbide ceramic, and forming a boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires.

[0030] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned A2 reaction process, potassium permanganate as an oxidant can undergo an oxidation reaction with the carbon element on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires, thereby introducing a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires to obtain a solid, which is conducive to the formation of a nano-zinc oxide concave-convex layer on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires.

[0031] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned A3 reaction process, the solid surface contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, which can combine with zinc ions in zinc acetate dihydrate, so that the zinc ions are deposited on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires. Ammonia water is used as a precipitant, and the hydroxide ions provided can combine with the zinc ions. The formed hydroxide is deposited on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic. At 90-120°C, the hydroxide is thermally decomposed to form nano zinc oxide crystals. As the reaction proceeds, a concave-convex nano zinc oxide coating is formed on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic.

[0032] Furthermore, during the above-mentioned A4 reaction, in the Tris-HCl buffer, dopamine can self-polymerize on the surface of the carbon fiber to form polydopamine, so that the carbon fiber carries a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups, which is beneficial to the formation of a cross-linked network structure between the carbon fiber and the silane hydrolyzate to obtain pretreated carbon fiber.

[0033] Furthermore, during the above-mentioned A5 reaction process, the organosilane is hydrolyzed to form polysiloxane, and the hydroxyl groups produced by the hydrolysis can be combined with the phenolic hydroxyl groups on the surface of the pretreated carbon fiber through chemical bonds to form a cross-linked network structure, and the hydroxyl groups contained on the surface of the modified boron carbide ceramic can also participate in the reaction, thereby forming a cross-linked network structure on the surface of the modified boron carbide ceramic to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0034] Furthermore, in step A1, the nickel chloride hexahydrate, methyltrichlorosilane, boron carbide ceramic and ethanol are used in a ratio of (1-2) g: (5-6) g: (12-13) g: (90-110) mL.

[0035] Furthermore, in step A2, the amount ratio of potassium permanganate, nanowire-loaded boron carbide ceramic and deionized water is (0.2-0.4) g: (4-6) g: (35-45) mL.

[0036] Furthermore, in step A3, the ratio of zinc acetate dihydrate, monoethanolamine, ammonia water, deionized water and solid is (2-3) g: (3-5) mL: (0.5-1.5) mL: (45-55) mL: (5-6) g.

[0037] Furthermore, in step A4, the ratio of the carbon fiber, Tris-HCl buffer and dopamine is (1-3) g: (55-65) mL: (0.5-0.9) g.

[0038] Furthermore, in step A5, the amount ratio of the organosilane, pretreated carbon fiber, ethanol and modified boron carbide ceramic is (4-6) g: (2-3) g: (65-75) mL: (8-12) g.

[0039] Furthermore, the organosilane is n-octyltriethoxysilane.

[0040] Furthermore, the carbon fiber has a diameter of 30-40 nm and a length of 3-5 μm.

[0041] Furthermore, the pore size of the boron carbide ceramic is 200-300 nm, and the particle size is 0.5-1 mm.

[0042] Furthermore, the thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0043] B1. The carboxylated cellulose nanofibers were added to deionized water, stirred evenly, and the metal ion solution was added, stirred at 200-300 r / min for 20-30 min, allowed to stand, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0044] B2. Add boron nitride nanosheets, modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, methacrylamide and acrylic acid to ethanol, stir at 500-600 r / min for 30-40 min, add ammonium persulfate and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 50-70°C for 1-2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0045] Furthermore, during the above B1 reaction, the carboxyl groups on the surface of the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers can combine with the metal ions in the metal ion solution through positive and negative charges, thereby loading a large amount of thermally conductive metal ions on the surface of the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers.

[0046] Furthermore, in the above B2 reaction process, under the action of the initiator ammonium persulfate, methacrylamide and acrylic acid copolymerize to form a cross-linked network, so that the modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and hydroxy boron nitride nanosheets are embedded in the cross-linked network to form a thermal conductive additive.

[0047] Furthermore, in step B1, the ratio of the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, deionized water, and metal ion solution is (2-3) g: (45-55) mL: (1-2) mL.

[0048] Furthermore, in step B2, the amount ratio of the boron nitride nanosheets, modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, methacrylamide, acrylic acid, ethanol, ammonium persulfate and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is (2-3) g: (3-4) g: (7-9) g: (8-12) mL: (45-55) mL: (0.1-0.3) g: (0.4-0.6) mL.

[0049] Furthermore, the metal ion solution is selected from any one of a silver chloride solution, a copper chloride solution, and a zinc chloride solution.

[0050] Furthermore, the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers have a diameter of 10-20 nm and a length of 1-3 μm.

[0051] Furthermore, the particle size of the boron nitride nanosheets is 0.1-0.4 um.

[0052] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] (1) In the technical solution of the present invention, silicon carbide nanowires are formed in the pores of the boron carbide ceramic. On the one hand, the formed silicon carbide nanowires are randomly distributed in the pores of the boron carbide ceramic, which can effectively absorb and disperse the impact energy generated by the projectile, inhibit the expansion of the cracks of the boron carbide ceramic, improve the strength of the boron carbide ceramic, and enhance the anti-ballistic performance of the composite target. On the other hand, the silicon carbide nanowires reduce the porous structure of the boron carbide ceramic and serve as a supporting skeleton of the boron carbide ceramic, further enhancing the mechanical strength of the boron carbide ceramic.

[0054] (2) In the technical scheme of the present invention, the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires is pretreated with potassium permanganate, and a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires, which is conducive to forming a nano zinc oxide concave-convex layer on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires; a concave-convex nano zinc oxide coating is formed on the solid surface of the boron carbide ceramic. On the one hand, the formed nano zinc oxide can block the pores on the surface of the boron carbide ceramic, improve the density of the boron carbide ceramic, enhance the strength of the boron carbide ceramic, and avoid the composite material target material under the impact energy generated by the projectile. The high hardness ceramic is easy to break, causing the composite material target plate to break and produce cracks, affecting the bulletproof performance of the composite material target plate; on the other hand, the concave-convex structure formed by the nano zinc oxide, when the bullet hits the composite material target plate, the strong impact force generated acts on the surface of the concave-convex layer formed by the nano zinc oxide, and the nanoparticles are broken by the impact force. During the breaking process, the impact energy generated by the projectile can be effectively absorbed and dispersed, reducing the large-area breakage of the boron carbide ceramic caused by impact and vibration, enhancing the strength of the boron carbide ceramic, and improving the bulletproof performance of the composite material target;

[0055] (3) In the technical scheme of the present invention, dopamine self-polymerizes on the surface of carbon fiber to form polydopamine, so that the carbon fiber carries a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups, which is conducive to the formation of a cross-linked network structure between the carbon fiber and the silane hydrolysis product; the carbon fiber and polysiloxane form a cross-linked network structure on the surface of the modified boron carbide ceramic. On the one hand, the cross-linked network structure formed by the carbon fiber and the polysiloxane can absorb and disperse the impact energy generated by the projectile, further improve the strength of the boron carbide ceramic, and enhance the anti-ballistic performance of the composite target material. On the other hand, the cross-linked network structure formed on the surface of the modified boron carbide ceramic is combined with the molecular chain of the binder matrix epoxy resin through chemical bonds, so that the composite boron carbide ceramic can be evenly dispersed in the binder matrix, giving full play to the anti-ballistic performance of the composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0056] (4) In the technical scheme of the present invention, modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and hydroxyl boron nitride nanosheets are embedded in a cross-linked network formed by copolymerization of methacrylamide and acrylic acid to form an interconnected cross-linked thermal conductive network, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the epoxy resin binder, and further enhancing the thermal conductivity of the composite target, thereby preventing a large amount of heat generated by a bullet passing through the composite target, causing the binder to fail and affecting the ballistic performance of the composite target. The formed cross-linked network can also improve the mechanical strength of the composite target. The metal ions on the surface of the modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers can also combine with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the boron nitride nanosheets, so that the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and the hydroxyl boron nitride nanosheets overlap and stack with each other to form a thermal conductive path, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the binder, thereby preventing the heat generated by a bullet passing through the composite target, causing the binder to fail and affecting the ballistic performance of the composite target.

[0057] (5) In the technical solution of the present invention, the damping rubber plate, the wooden board, the PE board, the quartz fiber cloth and the steel plate are bonded together by an epoxy resin adhesive to form a composite target material having excellent impact resistance, penetration resistance and collapse resistance, and has the technical effects of simple structure, resistance to multiple impacts, light weight, flexible movement and quick assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are as follows, and all reagents used are of analytical grade.

[0060] The damping rubber sheet has the dimensions of 200 mm in length, 150 mm in width, and 4 mm in thickness, and was purchased from Shandong Shenhua Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

[0061] The dimensions of the wooden board are: 200 mm in length, 150 mm in width, and 5 mm in thickness, and were purchased from Sunshine Fuhe (Beijing) Trading Co., Ltd.

[0062] The dimensions of the PE board are: 200 mm in length, 150 mm in width, and 10 mm in thickness, and it was purchased from Shandong Huanchuang Engineering Materials Co., Ltd.

[0063] The dimensions of the quartz fiber cloth are: 200 mm in length, 150 mm in width, and 2 mm in thickness, and it was purchased from Henan Shenjiu Tianhang New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0064] The steel plate dimensions are: 200 mm in length, 150 mm in width, and 4 mm in thickness, and was purchased from Xinpengyu (Beijing) Metal Materials Co., Ltd.

[0065] The epoxy resin is selected from E 51 epoxy resin.

[0066] The curing agent is selected from diaminodiphenylmethane.

[0067] The silane coupling agent is selected from KH550.

[0068] The solvent is ethanol.

[0069] The organosilane is n-octyltriethoxysilane.

[0070] The carbon fiber has a diameter of 35 nm and a length of 4 μm.

[0071] The pore size of boron carbide ceramics is 250nm and the particle size is 0.8mm, Lanxi Fanyi Fine Ceramics Co., Ltd.

[0072] The metal ion solution is selected from zinc chloride solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L.

[0073] Carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, diameter 15 nm, length 2 μm, Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0074] The particle size of boron nitride nanosheets is 0.3um.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0077] S1. E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 300 r / min for 30 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0078] Among them, the mass ratio of E51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 80:10:8:20:15:50.

[0079] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 ;

[0080] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked in order from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 70° C. for 20 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0081] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0082] A1. Add 1g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 5g methyltrichlorosilane and 12g boron carbide ceramics to 90mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 50°C, stir at 500r / min for 40min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1000°C for 1h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10min to obtain boron carbide ceramics loaded with nanowires;

[0083] A2. 0.2 g potassium permanganate and 4 g boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires were added to 35 mL of deionized water, stirred at 30 ° C for 1 h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0084] A3. Add 2g zinc acetate dihydrate, 3mL monoethanolamine and 0.5mL ammonia water to 45mL deionized water, stir evenly, add 5g solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 90°C for 2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80°C for 10min to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics;

[0085] A4. Add 1 g of carbon fiber to 55 mL of Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.5 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0086] A5. Add 4 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 2 g of pretreated carbon fiber to 65 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 8 g of modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 40°C, stir and react at 300 r / min for 3 hours, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85°C for 20 minutes to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0087] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0088] B1. Add 2 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 45 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1 mL of 1 mol / L zinc chloride solution, stir at 200 r / min for 20 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0089] B2. Add 2 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 3 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methacrylamide and 8 mL of acrylic acid to 45 mL of ethanol, stir at 500 r / min for 30 min, add 0.1 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.4 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir at 50°C for 1 min, filter, wash 3 times with ethanol, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 60°C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0092] S1. E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 350 r / min for 35 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0093] Among them, the mass ratio of E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 90:15:9:25:18:55.

[0094] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 ;

[0095] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked in order from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 80° C. for 25 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0096] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0097] A1. Add 1.5 g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 5.6 g methyltrichlorosilane and 12.5 g boron carbide ceramic to 100 mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 55 ° C, stir at 550 r / min for 45 min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1100 ° C for 1.5 h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in a 70 ° C oven for 10 min to obtain boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires;

[0098] A2. 0.3 g potassium permanganate and 5 g boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires were added to 40 mL of deionized water, stirred at 35 ° C for 1.5 h, filtered, washed with deionized water three times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0099] A3. Add 2.5 g zinc acetate dihydrate, 4 mL monoethanolamine and 1 mL ammonia water to 50 mL deionized water, stir evenly, add 5.5 g solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 100 ° C for 3 h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics;

[0100] A4. Add 2 g of carbon fiber to 60 mL of Tris-HCl buffer with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.7 g of dopamine, stir and react for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0101] A5. Add 5 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 2.5 g of pretreated carbon fiber into 70 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 10 g of modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 45 ° C, stir and react at 330 r / min for 4 hours, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85 ° C for 20 minutes to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0102] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0103] B1. Add 2.5 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 50 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 1.5 mL of 1 mol / L zinc chloride solution, stir at 250 r / min for 25 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0104] B2. Add 2.5 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 3.5 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 8 g of methacrylamide and 10 mL of acrylic acid to 50 mL of ethanol, stir at 550 r / min for 35 min, add 0.2 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.5 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 60 ° C for 1.5, filter, wash with ethanol 3 times, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 ° C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0107] S1. E51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0108] Among them, the mass ratio of E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 100:20:10:30:20:60.

[0109] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 .

[0110] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 90° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0111] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0112] A1. Add 2g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 6g methyltrichlorosilane and 13g boron carbide ceramic to 110mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 60°C, stir at 600r / min for 50min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1200°C for 2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10min to obtain boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires;

[0113] A2. 0.4 g potassium permanganate and 6 g boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires were added to 45 mL deionized water, stirred at 40 ° C for 2 h, filtered, washed with deionized water three times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0114] A3. Add 3g zinc acetate dihydrate, 5mL monoethanolamine and 1.5mL ammonia water to 55mL deionized water, stir evenly, add 6g solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 110°C for 4h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80°C for 10min to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics;

[0115] A4. 32 g of carbon fiber was added to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.5, stirred evenly, 0.9 g of dopamine was added, stirred for 4 h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0116] A5. Add 6 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 3 g of pretreated carbon fiber to 75 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 12 g of modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 50°C, stir and react at 350 r / min for 5 hours, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85°C for 20 minutes to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0117] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0118] B1. Add 3 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 mL of 1 mol / L zinc chloride solution, stir at 300 r / min for 30 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0119] B2. Add 3 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 4 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methacrylamide and 12 mL of acrylic acid to 55 mL of ethanol, stir at 600 r / min for 40 min, add 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 70 ° C for 2 h, filter, wash with ethanol 3 times, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 ° C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0120] Comparative Example 1

[0121] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0122] S1. E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0123] Among them, the mass ratio of E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 100:20:10:30:20:60.

[0124] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 .

[0125] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 90° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0126] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0127] A1. Add 0.4 g of potassium permanganate and 6 g of boron carbide ceramic to 45 mL of deionized water, stir at 40 °C for 2 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0128] A2. Add 3 g of zinc acetate dihydrate, 5 mL of monoethanolamine, and 1.5 mL of ammonia water to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 6 g of the solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 110 °C for 4 h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80 °C for 10 min to obtain a modified boron carbide ceramic;

[0129] A3. Add 32 g of carbon fiber to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution with a pH of 8.5, stir evenly, add 0.9 g of dopamine, stir for 4 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0130] A4. Add 6 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 3 g of pretreated carbon fiber to 75 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 12 g of the modified boron carbide ceramic, heat up to 50 °C, stir and react at 350 r / min for 5 h, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85 °C for 20 min to obtain the composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0131] The thermal conductivity additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0132] B1. Add 3 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 mL of a zinc chloride solution with a concentration of 1 mol / L, stir at 300 r / min for 30 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 70 °C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0133] B2. Add 3 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 4 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methylacrylamide, and 12 mL of acrylic acid to 55 mL of ethanol, stir at a rate of 600 r / min for 40 min, add 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 70 °C for 2 h, then filter, wash with ethanol 3 times, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 °C for 10 min to obtain the thermal conductivity additive.

[0134] Comparative Example 2

[0135] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0136] S1. E51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0137] Among them, the mass ratio of E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 100:20:10:30:20:60.

[0138] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 .

[0139] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 90° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0140] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0141] A1. Add 2g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 6g methyltrichlorosilane and 13g boron carbide ceramic to 110mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 60°C, stir at 600r / min for 50min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1200°C for 2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10min to obtain boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires;

[0142] A2. 32 g of carbon fiber was added to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.5, stirred evenly, 0.9 g of dopamine was added, stirred for 4 h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0143] A5. Add 6 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 3 g of pretreated carbon fiber into 75 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 12 g of boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires, heat to 50°C, stir and react at 350 r / min for 5 hours, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85°C for 20 minutes to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0144] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0145] B1. Add 3 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 mL of 1 mol / L zinc chloride solution, stir at 300 r / min for 30 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0146] B2. Add 3 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 4 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methacrylamide and 12 mL of acrylic acid to 55 mL of ethanol, stir at 600 r / min for 40 min, add 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 70 ° C for 2 h, filter, wash with ethanol 3 times, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 ° C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0147] Comparative Example 3

[0148] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0149] S1. E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, modified boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0150] Among them, the mass ratio of E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, modified boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 100:20:10:30:20:60.

[0151] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 .

[0152] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 90° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0153] The modified boron carbide ceramics are specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0154] A1. Add 2g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 6g methyltrichlorosilane and 13g boron carbide ceramic to 110mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 60°C, stir at 600r / min for 50min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1200°C for 2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10min to obtain boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires;

[0155] A2. 0.4 g potassium permanganate and 6 g boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires were added to 45 mL deionized water, stirred at 40 ° C for 2 h, filtered, washed with deionized water three times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0156] A3. Add 3g zinc acetate dihydrate, 5mL monoethanolamine and 1.5mL ammonia water to 55mL deionized water, stir evenly, add 6g solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 110℃ for 4h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 80℃ for 10min to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics.

[0157] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0158] B1. Add 3 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 mL of 1 mol / L zinc chloride solution, stir at 300 r / min for 30 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0159] B2. Add 3 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 4 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methacrylamide and 12 mL of acrylic acid to 55 mL of ethanol, stir at 600 r / min for 40 min, add 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 70 ° C for 2 h, filter, wash with ethanol 3 times, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 60 ° C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0160] Comparative Example 4

[0161] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0162] S1. E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0163] Among them, the mass ratio of E51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 100:20:10:30:20:60.

[0164] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive on the upper and lower surfaces of the wooden board to obtain a wooden board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive on the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m2.

[0165] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 90° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0166] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0167] A1. Add 2g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 6g methyltrichlorosilane and 13g boron carbide ceramic to 110mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 60°C, stir at 600r / min for 50min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1200°C for 2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10min to obtain boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires;

[0168] A2. 0.4 g potassium permanganate and 6 g boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires were added to 45 mL deionized water, stirred at 40 ° C for 2 h, filtered, washed with deionized water three times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0169] A3. Add 3g zinc acetate dihydrate, 5mL monoethanolamine and 1.5mL ammonia water to 55mL deionized water, stir evenly, add 6g solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 110°C for 4h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80°C for 10min to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics;

[0170] A4. 32 g of carbon fiber was added to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.5, stirred evenly, 0.9 g of dopamine was added, stirred for 4 h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0171] A5. Add 6 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 3 g of pretreated carbon fiber to 75 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 12 g of modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 50°C, stir and react at 350 r / min for 5 hours, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85°C for 20 minutes to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0172] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0173] 3 g of boron nitride nanosheets, 4 g of cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methacrylamide and 12 mL of acrylic acid were added to 55 mL of ethanol, stirred at 600 r / min for 40 min, 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 70 ° C for 2 h. After filtering, the mixture was washed 3 times with ethanol and 3 times with deionized water, and dried in an oven at 60 ° C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0174] Comparative Example 5

[0175] A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate comprises the following preparation steps:

[0176] S1. E 51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and ethanol were mixed and stirred at 400 r / min for 40 min to obtain an epoxy resin binder;

[0177] Among them, the mass ratio of E51 epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane, KH550, composite boron carbide ceramics, thermal conductive additives and ethanol is 100:20:10:30:20:60.

[0178] S2. Apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer. The coating amount is 180g / m 2 .

[0179] S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood board layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled at 15 MPa, and cured at 90° C. for 30 min to obtain a composite target plate.

[0180] The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0181] A1. Add 2g nickel chloride hexahydrate, 6g methyltrichlorosilane and 13g boron carbide ceramic to 110mL ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 60°C, stir at 600r / min for 50min, place in a reactor, introduce argon, react at 1200°C for 2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 70°C for 10min to obtain boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires;

[0182] A2. 0.4 g potassium permanganate and 6 g boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires were added to 45 mL deionized water, stirred at 40 ° C for 2 h, filtered, washed with deionized water three times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain a solid;

[0183] A3. Add 3g zinc acetate dihydrate, 5mL monoethanolamine and 1.5mL ammonia water to 55mL deionized water, stir evenly, add 6g solid, stir evenly, place in a water bath, stir and react at 110°C for 4h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash with deionized water 3 times, and dry in an oven at 80°C for 10min to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics;

[0184] A4. 32 g of carbon fiber was added to 65 mL of Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.5, stirred evenly, 0.9 g of dopamine was added, stirred for 4 h, filtered, washed with deionized water 3 times, and dried in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain pretreated carbon fiber;

[0185] A5. Add 6 g of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 3 g of pretreated carbon fiber to 75 mL of ethanol, stir evenly, add 12 g of modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 50°C, stir and react at 350 r / min for 5 hours, filter, wash with deionized water 3 times, wash with ethanol 3 times, and dry in an oven at 85°C for 20 minutes to obtain a composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0186] The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps:

[0187] B1. Add 3 g of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers to 55 mL of deionized water, stir evenly, add 2 mL of 1 mol / L zinc chloride solution, stir at 300 r / min for 30 min, let stand for 10 min, filter, wash with deionized water three times, and dry in an oven at 70 ° C for 10 min to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers;

[0188] B2. Add 4 g of modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, 7 g of methacrylamide and 12 mL of acrylic acid to 55 mL of ethanol, stir at 600 r / min for 40 min, add 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate and 0.6 mL of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 70 ° C for 2 h, filter, wash 3 times with ethanol, wash 3 times with deionized water, and dry in an oven at 60 ° C for 10 min to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

[0189] The performance of the composite material target plates prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 is now tested.

[0190] According to the standard "GJB59.18-88 Armored Vehicle Test Procedure Armor Plate Anti-Ballistic Performance Test", the ballistic performance test was carried out with a firing angle of 0 degrees, a bullet velocity of 820m / s, and 5 effective projectiles;

[0191] Test the damage level of the Type 53 rifle, 7.62mm ordinary steel bullet, shooting distance 100m and observe whether the bullet penetrates the surface of the composite target plate;

[0192] Test the damage level of the QBZ-191 precision rifle, 5.8mm steel core projectile, shooting distance of 100m and observe whether the bullet penetrates the surface of the composite target plate;

[0193] Test the Type 53 firearm, 7.62mm armor-piercing incendiary bullet, the damage level at a shooting distance of 15m and observe whether the bullet penetrates the surface of the composite target plate; 5.8mm steel core projectile 7.62mm armor-piercing incendiary bullet

[0194] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0195] Table 1 Performance test of composite target plates prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the composite target plates prepared in Examples 1-3 have good anti-ballistic performance. In Comparative Example 1, the composite boron carbide ceramic prepared by replacing the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires with boron carbide ceramics was added to the epoxy resin binder for bonding the composite target material, and its anti-ballistic performance decreased, proving that the formation of silicon carbide nanowires in the pores of the boron carbide ceramic can effectively absorb and disperse the impact energy generated by the projectile, enhance the anti-ballistic performance of the composite target material, and as a supporting skeleton of the boron carbide ceramic, further enhance the mechanical strength of the boron carbide ceramic.

[0199] In Comparative Example 2, the composite boron carbide ceramic prepared by replacing the modified boron carbide ceramic with boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires was added to the epoxy resin binder and used to bond the composite target. The ballistic performance decreased, which proved that the concave-convex nano zinc oxide coating formed on the solid surface of the boron carbide ceramic can effectively absorb and disperse the impact energy generated by the projectile, reduce the large-scale fragmentation of the boron carbide ceramic caused by impact and vibration, enhance the strength of the boron carbide ceramic, and improve the ballistic performance of the composite target.

[0200] In Comparative Example 3, the composite boron carbide ceramic is replaced with modified boron carbide ceramic and added to the epoxy resin binder for bonding the composite target. The anti-ballistic performance decreases, indicating that the carbon fiber and polysiloxane form a cross-linked network structure on the surface of the modified boron carbide ceramic, which improves the strength of the boron carbide ceramic and enhances the anti-ballistic performance of the composite target. In addition, the composite boron carbide ceramic can be evenly dispersed in the binder matrix, giving full play to the anti-ballistic performance of the composite boron carbide ceramic.

[0201] In Comparative Example 4, the modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers are replaced with a thermal conductive additive prepared from carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and added to the epoxy resin adhesive for bonding the composite target. The ballistic performance is reduced, which proves that the metal ions on the surface of the modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers can combine with the boron nitride nanosheets to improve the thermal conductivity of the adhesive, avoid the heat generated by the bullet passing through the composite target, cause the adhesive to fail, and affect the ballistic performance of the composite target.

[0202] In Comparative Example 5, the thermal conductive additive prepared without adding boron nitride nanosheets was added to the epoxy resin adhesive and used to bond the composite target. The bulletproof performance decreased, proving that the boron nitride nanosheets, modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers and hydroxyl boron nitride nanosheets were overlapped and stacked with each other, which improved the thermal conductivity of the adhesive and avoided the heat generated by the bullet passing through the composite target.

[0203] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0204] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1. The epoxy resin, curing agent, silane coupling agent, composite boron carbide ceramic, thermal conductive additive and solvent are mixed and stirred at 300-400r / min for 30-40min to obtain an epoxy resin binder; S2. The epoxy resin adhesive is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the wood board to obtain a wood board layer, and the epoxy resin adhesive is applied to the upper and lower surfaces of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a quartz fiber cloth layer; S3. The damping rubber plate, the wood layer, the PE plate, the quartz fiber cloth layer and the steel plate are stacked from top to bottom, rolled, and cured at 70-90° C. for 20-30 min to obtain a composite target plate; The composite boron carbide ceramic is obtained by treating the boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires with potassium permanganate, reacting it with zinc acetate dihydrate and ammonia water, and then reacting it with organic silane and pretreated carbon fiber. The boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires is obtained by a mixed reaction of boron carbide ceramic, nickel chloride hexahydrate and methyltrichlorosilane; The thermal conductive additive is obtained by mixed reaction of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, metal ion solution, boron nitride nanosheets and comonomers.

2. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite boron carbide ceramic is specifically prepared by the following steps: A1. Add nickel chloride hexahydrate, methyltrichlorosilane and boron carbide ceramics to ethanol, stir evenly, heat to 50-60°C, stir at 500-600r / min for 40-50min, introduce argon, react at 1000-1200°C for 1-2h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash and dry to obtain boron carbide ceramics loaded with nanowires; A2. Potassium permanganate and boron carbide ceramic loaded with nanowires are added to deionized water, stirred at 30-40°C for 1-2h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a solid; A3. Add zinc acetate dihydrate, monoethanolamine and ammonia water to deionized water, stir evenly, add solid, stir evenly, stir and react at 90-110°C for 2-4h, cool to room temperature, take out, wash and dry to obtain modified boron carbide ceramics; A4. Add the carbon fiber to Tris-HCl buffer, stir evenly, add dopamine, and after the reaction is complete, filter, wash, and dry to obtain pretreated carbon fiber; A5. Add organosilane and pretreated carbon fiber to ethanol, stir evenly, add modified boron carbide ceramics, heat to 40-50°C, stir and react at 300-350r / min for 3-5h, filter, wash and dry to obtain composite boron carbide ceramics.

3. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A1, the nickel chloride hexahydrate, methyltrichlorosilane, boron carbide ceramic and ethanol are used in a ratio of (1-2) g: (5-6) g: (12-13) g: (90-110) mL.

4. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A2, the potassium permanganate, the nanowire-loaded boron carbide ceramic and the deionized water are used in a ratio of (0.2-0.4) g: (4-6) g: (35-45) mL; In step A3, the ratio of zinc acetate dihydrate, monoethanolamine, ammonia water, deionized water and solid is (2-3) g: (3-5) mL: (0.5-1.5) mL: (45-55) mL: (5-6) g.

5. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A4, the ratio of the carbon fiber, Tris-HCl buffer and dopamine is (1-3) g: (55-65) mL: (0.5-0.9) g; In step A5, the amount ratio of the organosilane, pretreated carbon fiber, ethanol and modified boron carbide ceramic is (4-6) g: (2-3) g: (65-75) mL: (8-12) g.

6. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conductive additive is specifically prepared by the following steps: B1. The carboxylated cellulose nanofibers were added to deionized water, stirred evenly, and the metal ion solution was added, stirred at 200-300 r / min for 20-30 min, allowed to stand, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers; B2. Add boron nitride nanosheets, modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, methacrylamide and acrylic acid to ethanol, stir at 500-600 r / min for 30-40 min, add ammonium persulfate and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, stir and react at 50-70°C for 1-2 h, filter, wash and dry to obtain a thermal conductive additive.

7. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step B1, the ratio of the carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, deionized water, and metal ion solution is (2-3) g: (45-55) mL: (1-2) mL.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight composite material target plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step B2, the amount ratio of the boron nitride nanosheets, modified carboxylated cellulose nanofibers, methacrylamide, acrylic acid, ethanol, ammonium persulfate and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is (2-3) g: (3-4) g: (7-9) g: (8-12) mL: (45-55) mL: (0.1-0.3) g: (0.4-0.6) mL.

9. A composite material target plate obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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