Electric wheel mine truck electrical system and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical systems of new energy mine trucks, and relates to an electric wheel mine truck electrical system and a working method thereof. The system comprises a front-end power generation unit, a middle-end power distribution unit and a rear-end motor driving unit, the front-end power generation unit comprises an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module, the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module is connected with a generator control unit GCU, and the generator control unit GCU is connected with a vehicle control unit VCU; the middle-end power distribution unit comprises a power distribution module PDU connected with the generator control unit GCU; the rear-end motor driving unit comprises a plurality of driving motor front-end controllers MCU connected with the power distribution module PDU, and the driving motor front-end controllers MCU are connected with a three-phase alternating-current asynchronous motor; the power distribution module PDU and the driving motor front-end controller MCU are both connected with the vehicle control unit VCU; the generator control unit GCU converts three-phase alternating current generated by the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module into direct current and transmits the direct current to the power distribution module PDU.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrical systems of new energy mining vehicles, and relates to an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The "AC-DC-AC" electric drive system is widely used in traditional large-tonnage rigid mining dump trucks due to its high transmission efficiency, simple and convenient control. Traditional electric wheel mining trucks are mainly composed of three major parts: the body, the diesel engine, and the electric drive system. The driving method is: the diesel engine drives the generator to generate electricity, and then the electric drive frequency conversion drives the traction motor to drive the tires through the reducer. The electric drive system is the "heart" of the electric wheel mining vehicle, which consists of components such as the generator, traction converter, electric wheel, and brake resistor. In the AC power transmission system, the intermediate DC circuit is the intermediate link between the rectifier unit and the inverter unit. Among them, the maximum value of the intermediate DC voltage is an important parameter. The inverter's commutation capacity and modulation voltage quality are affected by the intermediate DC voltage. The maximum value of the intermediate DC voltage determines the voltage level of the main equipment such as the inverter, asynchronous traction motor, main generator, and main rectifier. When the power of the mining dump truck is certain, their current value is also determined, which in turn determines the volume and quality of the equipment.

[0003] When driving a large-tonnage electric wheel mining truck, the vehicle requires high power. The existing engine has low output horsepower and unstable operation. In addition, the tail end of the existing engine is connected to a brushless excitation synchronous generator, which has low motor efficiency and large size. Considering the current limitation and cost factors of the hardware module, the intermediate DC voltage mainly adopts several ultra-high voltage platforms such as 1500V, 1800V, and 2600V. The electrical control system includes modules such as rectifiers, choppers, and inverters. The system layout is complex, the volume is large, the cost is high, and the later maintainability is poor. Although some traditional models are equipped with low-power batteries, the DC600V DC voltage platform is generally selected. Considering the power demand of the vehicle during operation, the battery must match the vehicle's ultra-voltage platform during the actual control process. The battery discharge process must be "boosted", that is, DC600V is boosted to DC1500V / 1800V / 2600V, and the battery charging process must be "stepped down", that is, DC1500V / 1800V / 2600V is stepped down to DC600V, which further increases the complexity of the vehicle control system. For example, the Chinese invention patent application "New Energy Mining Vehicle Electrical System" with application number 201810811666.3 proposes that the generator controller and the hydraulic motor controller are connected to a four-in-one integrated controller; the vehicle driving system is then connected to the four-in-one integrated controller and finally to the battery module. The battery module provides power to the vehicle through the four-in-one integrated controller. Electrical modules that can achieve product lightweight and size reduction are not used. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the intermediate DC voltage of AC transmission mainly adopts several ultra-high voltage platforms, which leads to complex vehicle system, large volume, poor maintainability in the later stage, etc., and to provide an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck and a working method thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, comprising a front-end power generation unit, a mid-end power distribution unit and a rear-end motor drive unit; The front-end power generation unit includes an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module, the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module is connected to a generator control unit GCU, and the generator control unit GCU is connected to a vehicle controller VCU; the mid-end power distribution unit includes a power distribution module PDU connected to the generator control unit GCU; the rear-end motor drive unit includes a plurality of drive motor front-end controllers MCU connected to the power distribution module PDU, and the drive motor front-end controller MCU is connected to a three-phase AC asynchronous motor; the power distribution module PDU and the drive motor front-end controller MCU are both connected to the vehicle controller VCU; The generator control unit GCU converts the three-phase alternating current generated by the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module into direct current and transmits it to the power distribution module PDU.

[0006] Further improvements are: The mid-end power distribution unit also includes a power battery connected to the power distribution module PDU, and the power battery is connected to the vehicle controller VCU.

[0007] The integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module, generator control unit GCU, vehicle controller VCU, power distribution module PDU, power battery, drive motor front-end controller MCU and three-phase AC asynchronous motor all adopt a DC800V voltage platform.

[0008] The power battery is provided with a thermal management system and a battery management system; the thermal management system is an integrated liquid cooling system or an integrated air cooling system.

[0009] The generator control unit GCU adopts silicon carbide MOSFET semiconductor and Viper module packaging technology.

[0010] The front-end power generation unit and the rear-end motor drive unit both adopt FOC vector control.

[0011] The three-phase AC asynchronous motor is a 2*Y series-connected three-phase asynchronous motor.

[0012] The system also includes a fault diagnosis and protection unit, which is connected to the vehicle controller VCU, the generator control unit GCU, the power distribution module PDU and the drive motor front-end controller MCU.

[0013] The generator control unit GCU, the power distribution module PDU and the drive motor front-end controller MCU communicate with the vehicle controller VCU via a CAN bus or Ethernet.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a working method of an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, wherein the vehicle controller VCU obtains real-time power demand and torque demand according to the current vehicle operating condition and the power of the power battery, transmits the power demand to an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module through a generator control unit GCU, and transmits the torque demand to a three-phase AC asynchronous motor through a drive motor front-end controller MCU; The integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module generates three-phase alternating current, which is converted into direct current by the generator control unit GCU and then transmitted to the power distribution module PDU; at the same time, the power battery is ready to charge or discharge at any time according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU; The power distribution module PDU integrates the DC800V current and the current from the power battery and transmits them to the drive motor front-end controller MCU. The drive motor front-end controller MCU inverts the DC power from the power distribution module PDU into the three-phase AC power required to drive the three-phase AC asynchronous motor, transmits it to the three-phase AC asynchronous motor connected to it, and drives the three-phase AC asynchronous motor to operate according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses an electrical system for an electric wheel mining truck. The front-end power generation unit adopts an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module, and cooperates with the generator control unit GCU to efficiently convert the three-phase alternating current generated by the generator into direct current. Compared with the brushless excitation main generator equipped with the traditional electric wheel ultra-high voltage platform, the volume and weight are greatly reduced, and the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be greatly improved compared with the brushless excitation generator. This conversion not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also reduces the loss of energy during the conversion process, and provides a stable and reliable power supply for the rear-end motor. The entire electrical system adopts a modular design, and the units are closely connected and coordinated. The mid-end power distribution unit distributes electric energy to the rear-end motor drive unit through the power distribution module PDU, realizing the reasonable distribution and utilization of electric energy. At the same time, the power distribution module PDU and the front-end controller MCU of the drive motor are connected to the vehicle controller VCU to form a complete control system. The system in the present invention is based on the DC800V voltage platform, applicable to the voltage DC600-DC1000V, greatly compatible with the matching selection of each module of the whole vehicle, and improves the integration and reliability of the system.

[0016] Furthermore, the mid-end power distribution unit also includes a power battery connected to the power distribution module PDU, and the power battery is connected to the vehicle controller VCU. The mid-end of the vehicle electrical system is a set of power-type power batteries and PDU power distribution modules with fast charging and discharging capabilities, all of which adopt a DC800V voltage platform, with lightweight batteries, significantly improved charging / discharging speed, high energy conversion efficiency, and effective reduction in power consumption, etc., reducing the need for the traditional electric wheel battery charging and discharging to cooperate with the complex control process of the converter "boost / step-down". The vehicle system can be driven normally only by the power battery without relying on the output of the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module; it can also be driven normally only by the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module without relying on the output of the power battery. The electric energy generated by the drive motor during energy recovery can be stored in the power battery in real time for repeated use by the vehicle. The electric energy exceeding the battery recharge threshold is consumed by the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator to prevent battery overcharging, and the vehicle has lower energy consumption. It is more conducive to the driver's flexible choice of vehicle driving mode under different working conditions, and it maximizes efficiency, intelligence, and environmental protection.

[0017] Furthermore, the generator control unit GCU adopts silicon carbide MOSFET semiconductor and Viper module packaging technology. Compared with the traditional silicon-based power module (Si IGBT), the power module is 40% lighter and 30% smaller in size. Compared with the traditional industrial inverter cabinet, the weight and volume are greatly reduced, effectively reducing the layout space of the whole vehicle.

[0018] Furthermore, the thermal management system is an integrated liquid cooling system or an integrated air cooling system, which ensures that the battery maintains an optimal operating temperature range under different operating conditions and extends the battery life.

[0019] Furthermore, both the front-end power generation unit and the rear-end motor drive unit adopt FOC vector control, which can greatly reduce the cost of the vehicle's electrical system and make the vehicle easier to control compared with the traditional electric wheel high-power high-voltage platform inverter VVVF open control.

[0020] The present invention discloses a working method of an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, which determines the power demand and torque demand according to the vehicle operating conditions and the power of the power battery in real time through the vehicle controller VCU, thereby realizing precise control of the power system of the electric wheel mining truck. This dynamic response mechanism ensures that the mining truck can quickly adjust its operating state to meet different power and torque requirements when facing a complex and changeable operating environment, thereby improving operating efficiency and safety. This method realizes efficient management and utilization of energy through the coordinated work of an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module and a power battery. The generator control unit GCU can adjust the generator output according to the real-time power demand, while the power battery is charged or discharged according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU to balance the system energy demand. This energy management strategy not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also extends the service life of the power battery. The power distribution module PDU integrates the DC current and the current from the power battery and transmits them to the drive motor front-end controller MCU. This process ensures the stability and reliability of the system voltage. At the same time, the front-end controller MCU of the drive motor inverts the DC power supply into the three-phase AC power required by the drive motor, and accurately controls the operation of the motor according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU, thereby improving the overall stability and operating efficiency of the system. This method relies on the precise calculation and instruction transmission of the vehicle controller VCU to realize the intelligent control of the entire electrical system. By real-time monitoring and adjusting the system status, the VCU can ensure that the mining truck can maintain the best operating state under various working conditions, while providing fault warning and diagnosis functions, reducing system maintenance costs and downtime. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck in the present invention.

[0023] Among them: 1-integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module; 2-generator control unit GCU; 3-power distribution module PDU; 4-three-phase AC asynchronous motor; 5-drive motor front-end controller MCU; 6-communication channel; 7-power battery; 8-vehicle controller VCU. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: See also Figure 1The embodiment of the present invention discloses an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, including a front-end power generation unit, a mid-end power distribution unit, a rear-end motor drive unit and a fault diagnosis and protection unit; the front-end power generation unit and the rear-end motor drive unit both adopt FOC vector control, which can greatly reduce the cost of the vehicle electrical system and is easier to control the vehicle compared with the VVVF open control of the traditional electric wheel high-power high-voltage platform converter. The front-end power generation unit includes an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1, the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 is connected to a generator control unit GCU2, and the generator control unit GCU 2 is connected to a vehicle controller VCU 8; the generator control unit GCU 2 adopts silicon carbide MOSFET semiconductor and Viper module packaging technology. Compared with the traditional silicon-based power module (Si IGBT), the power module is 40% lighter and 30% smaller in size. Compared with the traditional industrial inverter cabinet, the weight and volume are greatly reduced, effectively reducing the layout space of the vehicle. The mid-end power distribution unit includes a power distribution module PDU 3 connected to the generator control unit GCU 2, and the power distribution module PDU 3 is connected to a power battery 7, and the power battery 7 is connected to the vehicle controller VCU 8; the middle of the vehicle electrical system is a set of power type power batteries and PDU power distribution modules with fast charging and discharging capabilities, all of which adopt a DC800V voltage platform, with lightweight batteries, significantly improved charging / discharging speed, high energy conversion efficiency, and effective reduction of power consumption, etc., reducing the need for traditional electric wheel battery charging and discharging to cooperate with the complex control process of "boost / step-down" of the converter. The vehicle system can be driven normally only by the power battery without relying on the output of the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module; it can also be driven normally only by the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module without relying on the output of the power battery. The electric energy generated by the drive motor energy recovery can be stored in the power battery in real time for repeated use by the vehicle, and the electric energy exceeding the battery recharge threshold is consumed by the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator to prevent battery overcharging, and the vehicle energy consumption is lower. It is more conducive to the driver's flexible choice of vehicle driving mode under different working conditions, and maximizes high efficiency, intelligence and environmental protection. The power battery 7 is provided with a thermal management system and a battery management system; the thermal management system is an integrated liquid cooling system or an integrated air cooling system. The rear-end motor drive unit includes a plurality of drive motor front-end controllers MCU 5 connected to the power distribution module PDU 3, and the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5 is connected to a three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4; the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 is a 2*Y series-connected three-phase asynchronous motor. The power distribution module PDU 3 and the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5 are both connected to the vehicle controller VCU 8; the fault diagnosis and protection unit is connected to the vehicle controller VCU 8, the generator control unit GCU 2, the power distribution module PDU 3 and the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5.The generator control unit GCU 2, the power distribution module PDU 3 and the drive motor front-end controller MCU5 communicate with the vehicle controller VCU 8 via a CAN bus or Ethernet.

[0031] The generator control unit GCU 2 converts the three-phase AC power generated by the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 into DC current and transmits it to the power distribution module PDU 3. The integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1, the generator control unit GCU 2, the vehicle controller VCU 8, the power distribution module PDU 3, the power battery 7, the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5 and the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 all use a DC800V voltage platform.

[0032] The system further includes a fault diagnosis and protection unit, which is connected to the vehicle controller VCU 8, the generator control unit GCU 2, the power distribution module PDU 3 and the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5. When any component in the system fails, the fault diagnosis and protection unit can quickly identify the fault type and send a fault signal to the vehicle controller VCU 8, which takes corresponding protection measures according to the fault level, such as reducing power output, cutting off non-critical power or starting emergency braking, etc., to ensure the safety of the vehicle and personnel.

[0033] The present invention discloses an electrical system for an electric wheel mining truck. The front-end power generation unit adopts an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module, and cooperates with the generator control unit GCU to efficiently convert the three-phase alternating current generated by the generator into direct current. Compared with the brushless excitation main generator equipped with the traditional electric wheel ultra-high voltage platform, the volume and weight are greatly reduced, and the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be greatly improved compared with the brushless excitation generator. This conversion not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also reduces the loss of energy in the conversion process, and provides a stable and reliable power supply for the rear-end motor. The entire electrical system adopts a modular design, and the units are closely connected and coordinated. The mid-end power distribution unit distributes electric energy to the rear-end motor drive unit through the power distribution module PDU, realizing the reasonable distribution and utilization of electric energy. At the same time, the power distribution module PDU and the front-end controller MCU of the drive motor are connected to the vehicle controller VCU to form a complete control system. The system in the present invention is based on the DC800V voltage platform, and the applicable voltage is DC600-DC1000V, which is greatly compatible with the matching selection of each module of the vehicle, and improves the integration and reliability of the system.

[0034] The present invention also discloses a working method of an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, wherein the vehicle controller VCU 8 obtains real-time power demand and torque demand according to the current vehicle operating condition and the power of the power battery 7, transmits the power demand to the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 through the generator control unit GCU 2, and transmits the torque demand to the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 through the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5; The integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 generates three-phase AC power which is converted into DC power by the generator control unit GCU 2 and then transmitted to the power distribution module PDU 3; at the same time, the power battery 7 is ready to charge or discharge at any time according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU 8; The power distribution module PDU 3 integrates the DC800V current and the current from the power battery 7 and transmits them to the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5. The drive motor front-end controller MCU 5 inverts the DC power from the power distribution module PDU 3 into the three-phase AC power required to drive the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4, transmits it to the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 connected thereto, and drives the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 to operate according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU 8.

[0035] The present invention discloses a working method of an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, which determines the power demand and torque demand according to the vehicle operating conditions and the power of the power battery in real time through the vehicle controller VCU, thereby realizing precise control of the power system of the electric wheel mining truck. This dynamic response mechanism ensures that the mining truck can quickly adjust its operating state to meet different power and torque requirements when facing a complex and changeable operating environment, thereby improving operating efficiency and safety. This method realizes efficient management and utilization of energy through the coordinated work of an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module and a power battery. The generator control unit GCU can adjust the generator output according to the real-time power demand, while the power battery is charged or discharged according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU to balance the system energy demand. This energy management strategy not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also extends the service life of the power battery. The power distribution module PDU integrates the DC current and the current from the power battery and transmits them to the drive motor front-end controller MCU. This process ensures the stability and reliability of the system voltage. At the same time, the front-end controller MCU of the drive motor inverts the DC power supply into the three-phase AC power required by the drive motor, and accurately controls the operation of the motor according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU, thereby improving the overall stability and operating efficiency of the system. This method relies on the precise calculation and instruction transmission of the vehicle controller VCU to realize the intelligent control of the entire electrical system. By real-time monitoring and adjusting the system status, the VCU can ensure that the mining truck can maintain the best operating state under various working conditions, while providing fault warning and diagnosis functions, reducing system maintenance costs and downtime.

[0036] The working process of the present invention is as follows: (1) As the "brain" of vehicle control, the vehicle controller VCU 8 can transmit the relevant power requirements to the front end of the vehicle electrical system - the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 through the generator control unit GCU 2 in real time according to the current vehicle operating conditions (no load, heavy load climbing, etc.) and the current power level of the power battery 7, and transmit the torque requirements to the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 for driving through the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5 in real time. At this moment, the actual state of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 4 will also be fed back to the vehicle controller VCU 8 in real time through the drive motor front-end controller MCU 5, so that the vehicle controller VCU 8 can respond to emergencies in a timely manner.

[0037] (2) The vehicle controller VCU 8 is ready to intervene the power battery 7 at the right time according to the power demand of the vehicle and the capacity of the front-end power generation module at that time. The three-phase AC power generated by the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 is transmitted to the power distribution module PDU 3 through the generator control unit GCU 2. The power battery 7 can also be ready to discharge or charge at any time according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU 8.

[0038] (3) The electric energy generated by the drive motor during energy recovery can be stored in the power battery 7 in real time for repeated use by the vehicle. The electric energy exceeding the battery recharge threshold is consumed by the front-end integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module 1 to prevent overcharging of the battery.

[0039] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical system for an electric wheel mining truck, characterized in that: It includes a front-end power generation unit, a mid-end power distribution unit and a rear-end motor drive unit; The front-end power generation unit comprises an integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module (1), the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module (1) is connected to a generator control unit GCU (2), and the generator control unit GCU (2) is connected to a vehicle control unit VCU (8); the mid-end power distribution unit comprises a power distribution module PDU (3) connected to the generator control unit GCU (2); the rear-end motor drive unit comprises a plurality of drive motor front-end controllers MCU (5) connected to the power distribution module PDU (3), and the drive motor front-end controller MCU (5) is connected to a three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4); the power distribution module PDU (3) and the drive motor front-end controller MCU (5) are both connected to the vehicle control unit VCU (8); The generator control unit GCU (2) converts the three-phase alternating current generated by the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module (1) into direct current and transmits it to the power distribution module PDU (3).

2. The electrical system of the electric wheel mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mid-end power distribution unit further comprises a power battery (7) connected to the power distribution module PDU, and the power battery (7) is connected to a vehicle controller VCU (8).

3. The electrical system of the electric wheel mining truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module (1), the generator control unit GCU (2), the vehicle controller VCU (8), the power distribution module PDU (3), the power battery (7), the drive motor front-end controller MCU (5) and the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4) all adopt a DC800V voltage platform.

4. The electric wheel mining truck electrical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power battery (7) is provided with a thermal management system and a battery management system; the thermal management system is an integrated liquid cooling system or an integrated air cooling system.

5. The electric wheel mining truck electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator control unit GCU (2) adopts silicon carbide MOSFET semiconductor and Viper module packaging technology.

6. The electric wheel mining truck electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front-end power generation unit and the rear-end motor drive unit both adopt FOC vector control.

7. The electric wheel mining truck electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4) is a 2*Y series-connected three-phase asynchronous motor.

8. The electric wheel mining truck electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a fault diagnosis and protection unit, wherein the fault diagnosis and protection unit is connected to a vehicle controller VCU (8), a generator control unit GCU (2), a power distribution module PDU (3) and a drive motor front-end controller MCU (5).

9. The electric wheel mining truck electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator control unit GCU (2), the power distribution module PDU (3) and the drive motor front-end controller MCU (5) communicate with the vehicle controller VCU (8) via a CAN bus or Ethernet.

10. A working method of an electrical system of an electric wheel mining truck, characterized in that: The vehicle controller VCU (8) obtains a real-time power demand and torque demand according to the current vehicle operating conditions and the power level of the power battery (7), transmits the power demand to the integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module (1) through the generator control unit GCU (2), and transmits the torque demand to the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4) through the drive motor front-end controller MCU (5); The integrated permanent magnet synchronous generator module (1) generates three-phase alternating current, which is converted into direct current by the generator control unit GCU (2) and then transmitted to the power distribution module PDU (3); at the same time, the power battery (7) is ready to charge or discharge at any time according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU (8); The power distribution module PDU (3) integrates the DC800V current and the current from the power battery (7) and transmits the integrated current to the drive motor front-end controller MCU (5). The drive motor front-end controller MCU (5) inverts the DC power from the power distribution module PDU (3) into the three-phase AC power required to drive the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4), transmits the integrated current to the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4) connected thereto, and drives the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (4) to operate according to the instructions of the vehicle controller VCU (8).

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