Hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick

Abstract

A hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick is characterized in that the shape of the plant planting brick is designed to be in a honeycomb shape, the honeycomb-shaped plant planting brick is arranged to be of an inclined structure, the inclination angle is correspondingly adjusted according to the water flow speed requirement, multiple sets of plant planting bricks are adopted, and the multiple sets of plant planting bricks are spliced in an embedded mode; the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks are filled with the initial cultivation soil and the plants, the height of the initial cultivation soil is lower than that of the plant planting bricks, and round holes are formed in the surfaces of the plant planting bricks and are beneficial to mutual staggering of plant root systems, so that the stability of the plants is enhanced. The plants can effectively absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water and inhibit growth of phytoplankton such as blue-green algae through allelopathy, and stems and leaves of the plants can also adsorb suspended substances in the water, so that the transparency of the water body is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental water ecological restoration, and in particular is a hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick. Background Art

[0002] Submerged plants are an important component of aquatic ecosystems. They play a vital role in maintaining the ecological balance of water bodies, improving water quality and providing biological habitats.

[0003] However, existing submerged plant cultivation techniques have some problems and limitations:

[0004] (1) Traditional methods of planting submerged plants usually involve planting the plants directly in the bottom mud. In the early stage of planting, submerged plants are easily impacted by water flow under dynamic water flow conditions, causing the plants to fall or shift, affecting the normal growth and ecological function of the plants, and the survival rate of the plants is low;

[0005] (2) Although submerged plants can absorb nutrients in water and improve water quality, the contact area between plant roots and bottom mud in traditional planting methods is limited, which affects the efficiency of plant absorption of nutrients;

[0006] (3) Under certain conditions, pollutants in the sediment can be released into the water, causing secondary pollution. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick to at least partially solve the above technical problems.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The present invention provides a hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick, comprising:

[0010] Plant planting bricks, the shape of the plant planting bricks is designed to be honeycomb-shaped, the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks are set to an inclined structure, the inclination angle is adjusted accordingly according to the water flow speed requirement, the plant planting bricks are in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of plant planting bricks are spliced ​​by mosaic, and the plant planting bricks are internally formed with a hard bottom river channel so that submerged plants cannot be planted;

[0011] Initial cultivation soil, the initial cultivation soil and plants are filled into the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks, and the height of the initial cultivation soil is lower than the height of the plant planting bricks;

[0012] The surface of the plant planting brick is provided with round holes, which help the plant roots to intertwine with each other and enhance the stability of the plants;

[0013] Cement precast panels, which cover the bottom mud to prevent the bottom mud from affecting water quality due to excessive pollution. The bottom of the cement precast panels is also provided with multiple layers of adsorption and enrichment bricks. The plants on the upper layer can synergize with polyphosphate bacteria microorganisms to form an effective water purification system, such as Vallisneria-iron bacteria-sediment system.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the planting density is adjusted accordingly according to different submerged plant species, and it is suitable to plant pollution-resistant submerged plants such as Vallisneria, Ceratophyllum and Myriophyllum paniculate.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, Vallisneria sinensis is planted as a pioneer species in the submerged plant planting project due to its remarkable environmental adaptability and tolerance to high pH values.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, Vallisneria has strong tolerance and can survive even in adverse environments. It can adapt to a wide range of temperatures and can germinate at 10°C. It can grow in all seasons except winter.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, when planting Vallisneria, traditional soft mud clay is selected to wrap the roots, or agar wrapping technology is used to improve plant survival.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, Vallisneria has abundant root system, luxuriant leaves and developed aerenchyma, and shows good adaptability in environments with high, medium and low phosphorus concentrations. It is often used as a pioneer species for water body restoration. Vallisneria affects the cycle of phosphorus through direct absorption, physical adsorption and indirect influence pathways.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the root system of Vallisneria can directly absorb phosphorus, and due to its abundant root system and large contact area, it is more likely to adsorb insoluble colloids, minerals and microorganisms in the water and fix them in the bottom mud.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen produced by Vallisneria through photosynthesis can increase the dissolved oxygen content of the surrounding water body. At the same time, its developed aerenchyma transports oxygen to the root system, transforming the rhizosphere environment into a local aerobic state, which is beneficial to microbial activity and increases the redox potential of the bottom mud.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, under strong anaerobic conditions, more Fe 2+ and phosphate, the bottom of the lake is usually in an anaerobic state, and a large amount of iron and phosphorus elements have accumulated.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the redox potential increases, a large amount of phosphorus is adsorbed, and during the decline of Vallisneria, the phosphorus in the sediment may be released uncontrollably, causing the phosphorus content in the water body to rise again.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0024] The present invention designs the slope according to the flow direction of the river, thereby improving the stability of submerged plants in a dynamic water flow environment and reducing plant losses caused by water flow scouring.

[0025] The present invention is mainly suitable for artificially repaired hard river channels in urban areas and river and lake areas with serious pollution and high improvement costs. Adjacent bricks can be interlocked, and the paving area can be determined independently according to actual needs. At the same time, suitable plant species can be selected according to specific circumstances. In addition, this planting brick can also be used in combination with other hardening materials when paving hard river channels.

[0026] The plant of the present invention can effectively absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, and inhibit the growth of phytoplankton such as cyanobacteria through allelopathic action. Its stems and leaves can also absorb suspended matter in the water, further improving the transparency of the water body. At the same time, sediments such as gravel carried by flowing water will be deposited in the honeycomb, and the plant itself will become a habitat for plankton, thereby improving the ecosystem in many aspects and achieving multi-stage purification of sewage.

[0027] The present invention can be laid not only on the bottom of the river channel, but also on both sides of the river channel, providing a more flexible ecological restoration solution.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an inclined honeycomb brick of a hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an oblique honeycomb brick of a hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Initial cultivation soil; 2. Round hole; 3. Cement precast board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] A hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick, including: plant planting bricks, the shape of the plant planting bricks is designed to be honeycomb-shaped, the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks are arranged as an inclined structure, the inclination angle is adjusted accordingly according to the water flow velocity requirement, the plant planting bricks are made of multiple groups, and the multiple groups of plant planting bricks are spliced ​​together by interlocking, and the interior of the plant planting bricks adopts a hard bottom river channel that cannot be planted with submerged plants; initial cultivation soil, the initial cultivation soil and plants are filled into the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks, and the height of the initial cultivation soil is lower than the height of the plant planting bricks; the surface of the plant planting bricks is provided with circular holes, and the circular holes help the plant roots to intertwine with each other and enhance the stability of the plants; cement precast panels, the cement precast panels are covered on the bottom mud to prevent the bottom mud from affecting the water quality due to excessive pollution, and the bottom of the cement precast panels is also provided with multiple layers of adsorption and enrichment bricks, and the plants on the upper layer can synergize with polyphosphate bacteria microorganisms to form an effective water purification system, such as Vallisneria-iron bacteria-sediment system.

[0036] In specific applications of the embodiments of the present invention, submerged plants cannot be planted in hard-bottomed rivers (submerged plants cannot be planted in hardened sections of riverbeds. Many small rivers have been channelized, and when hardened, they are divided into two types: two-sided and three-sided. The bottom of the three-sided river is made of cement, and submerged plants cannot be planted). The plant planting bricks are configured as a honeycomb structure, which not only increases the surface area of ​​the planting bricks and provides more growth space for plants, but also enhances the structural strength so that it can be stably placed in the riverbed. The setting of the inclined structure is adjusted according to the requirements of different water flow speeds, which helps to optimize the flushing effect of water flow on plants, ensuring that plants can obtain sufficient oxygen and nutrients, and avoiding damage to plant roots due to excessively strong water flow. Multiple groups of plant planting bricks are spliced ​​together to form a tightly connected, stable and reliable plant planting system.

[0037] The honeycomb-shaped plant bricks are filled with initial cultivation soil and plants. The initial cultivation soil provides the necessary growth matrix for the plants, which contains rich nutrients and microbial communities, which are conducive to the growth and development of plants. The height of the initial cultivation soil is set lower than the height of the plant bricks to ensure that the roots can gradually expand outward during the growth of the plants. The circular holes on the surface of the planting bricks are intertwined to further enhance the stability of the plants. At the same time, these circular holes also promote the interaction between plant roots and soil microorganisms, improving the overall stability of the ecosystem. The cement precast board is placed on the bottom mud as a covering layer to isolate the bottom mud from the water body, prevent the excessive release of pollutants in the bottom mud into the water body, and thus protect the water quality.

[0038] At the bottom of the cement precast board, there are multiple layers of adsorption enrichment bricks. The adsorption enrichment bricks have high adsorption capacity and can remove pollutants in the water, such as phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients. The plants on the upper layer can form a synergistic effect with the polyphosphate bacteria microorganisms. For example, submerged plants such as Vallisneria can absorb nutrients in the water through their roots and convert them into part of the plant tissue; while microorganisms such as iron bacteria can form a microenvironment around the plant roots to promote the precipitation and fixation of pollutants such as phosphorus.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the planting density is adjusted accordingly according to different submerged plant species, and pollution-resistant submerged plants such as Vallisneria, Dermatophyllum and Myriophyllum paniculate are suitable for planting. In the submerged plant planting project, Vallisneria is planted as a pioneer species due to its remarkable environmental adaptability and tolerance to high pH values. Vallisneria has strong tolerance and can survive even in harsh environments. It can adapt to a wide range of temperatures and can germinate at 10°C. It can grow in all seasons except winter.

[0040] In the specific application of the embodiment of the present invention, the planting density will be adjusted accordingly according to the ecological and environmental conditions of the target water area and the expected ecological restoration effect. Before planting, a comprehensive ecological assessment of the target water area is required to understand key factors such as water quality, light conditions, and sediment properties, and then the most suitable submerged plant species and planting density are selected based on this information. Among the numerous submerged plants, pollution-resistant submerged plants such as Vallisneria, Dermatophyte, and Myriophyllum paniculate are widely used because of their excellent environmental adaptability and purification capabilities. These plants can not only survive in highly polluted environments, but also absorb, transform, and accumulate pollutants in the water, effectively reducing the concentration of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, thereby improving water quality.

[0041] In the submerged plant planting project, Vallisneria is given priority as a pioneer species due to its remarkable environmental adaptability and tolerance to high pH values. Pioneer species refer to plants that can adapt to the environment first and grow and reproduce rapidly during the ecological restoration process. They can lay the foundation for the subsequent development of plant communities. Vallisneria has strong tolerance and can survive even in harsh environments, which makes it the preferred plant for many ecological restoration projects. Planting bricks also fully consider the growth needs of Vallisneria. For example, the internal structure and material of the planting bricks are optimized to provide a good root growth environment, and the surface of the planting bricks is designed with micropores or grooves so that the plant roots can penetrate deep into the soil and intertwine with each other to form a stable root network.

[0042] The tilted structure and arrangement of the planting bricks can also be adjusted according to the water flow speed and direction to optimize the plant's absorption of nutrients and use of light, so that the plant can maintain a stable growth state under different water flow conditions, thereby maximizing its purification effect. In the planting process, in addition to selecting suitable plants and planting density, it is also necessary to pay attention to the impact of seasonal changes on plant growth. Vallisneria adapts to a wide range of temperatures, can germinate at 10°C, and can grow in all seasons except winter.

[0043] In one possible implementation, when planting Vallisneria, traditional soft mud clay is selected to wrap the roots, or agar wrapping technology is used to improve plant survival. Vallisneria has a rich root system, lush leaves, and well-developed aerenchyma. It shows good adaptability in environments with high, medium and low phosphorus concentrations. It is often used as a pioneer species for water body restoration. Vallisneria affects the cycle of phosphorus through direct absorption, physical adsorption and indirect influence. The roots of Vallisneria can directly absorb phosphorus, and because of its rich root system and large contact area, it is easier to adsorb insoluble colloids, minerals and microorganisms in the water and fix them in the bottom mud.

[0044] In a specific application of the embodiment of the present invention, the hard riverbed submerged plant planting bricks provide a stable matrix for the planting of Vallisneria. The planting bricks are made of special materials, which can maintain a certain hardness and stability so that they are not easily loosened under the erosion of water flow, and have a certain water permeability and air permeability, which is conducive to the growth and expansion of the root system of Vallisneria. When planting Vallisneria, there are two main wrapping technologies to choose from: traditional soft mud clay wrapping technology and innovative agar wrapping technology. The traditional soft mud clay wrapping technology is to gently wrap the roots of Vallisneria with moist soft mud clay, and then implant them into the reserved holes of the planting bricks. This method uses the good adhesion and moisture retention of soft mud clay to help the roots of Vallisneria quickly adapt to and take root in the new growth environment in the initial stage. The agar coating technology is to immerse the roots of Vallisneria in a special agar solution, and then plant them after a thin agar film is formed on the surface. The agar film can not only provide a protective barrier for Vallisneria, reducing the direct impact of the external environment on its roots, but also provide a moist and suitable growth microenvironment for the roots of Vallisneria through its unique gel properties, thereby improving the survival rate of the plant.

[0045] As a submerged plant with strong environmental adaptability, Vallisneria has abundant roots, lush leaves, and well-developed aerenchyma, which enables it to show good growth in environments with high, medium and low phosphorus concentrations. With the support of hard riverbed submerged plant planting bricks, Vallisneria can give full play to its pioneering role in water body restoration. Vallisneria has a significant impact on the phosphorus cycle in water bodies through direct absorption, physical adsorption and indirect influence. Its roots can directly absorb dissolved phosphorus in water bodies and convert it into part of plant tissues through the transport mechanism within the roots, thereby reducing the phosphorus concentration in water bodies. At the same time, because Vallisneria has abundant roots and a large contact area, it can effectively adsorb insoluble colloids, minerals and microorganisms in water bodies. These adsorbed substances often carry a large amount of phosphorus. Through the fixation of Vallisneria roots, they are effectively fixed in the bottom mud, reducing the release of phosphorus into the water body.

[0046] The growth and metabolic activity of Vallisneria also affect the structure of microbial communities in water bodies, which in turn indirectly affects the cycle of phosphorus. For example, the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms of Vallisneria will change under the influence of its root secretions, and these changes will promote or inhibit the transformation and utilization of phosphorus by certain microorganisms.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the oxygen produced by Vallisneria through photosynthesis can increase the dissolved oxygen content of the surrounding water. At the same time, its well-developed aerenchyma transports oxygen to the root system, transforming the rhizosphere environment into a local aerobic state, which is conducive to microbial activity and increases the redox potential of the sediment. Under strong anaerobic conditions, more Fe will accumulate in the sediment. 2+ The bottom of the lake is usually in an anaerobic state, accumulating a large amount of iron and phosphorus. When the redox potential increases, a large amount of phosphorus is adsorbed. During the decline of Vallisneria, the phosphorus in the sediment may be released uncontrollably, causing the phosphorus content in the water to rise again.

[0048] In the specific application of the embodiment of the present invention, the leaves of Vallisneria can perform photosynthesis, convert light energy into chemical energy, and produce oxygen in the process. Oxygen not only increases the dissolved oxygen content of the surrounding water body and improves the redox environment of the water body, but also provides the necessary energy for the growth of Vallisneria itself. Vallisneria has developed aerenchyma, which can transport the oxygen produced by the leaves to the root system, so that the rhizosphere environment that was originally in an anaerobic state is transformed into a local aerobic state. Under anaerobic conditions, the activity of microorganisms in the sediment is inhibited, resulting in slow decomposition of organic matter and accumulation of a large amount of harmful substances such as Fe2+ and phosphate. However, when the aerenchyma of Vallisneria transports oxygen to the root system, the redox potential of the rhizosphere environment is improved, which promotes the reproduction and activity enhancement of microorganisms. Microorganisms can use oxygen for aerobic respiration, accelerate the decomposition and mineralization process of organic matter, and participate in the conversion and fixation of Fe2+ and phosphate.

[0049] At the bottom of the lake, due to insufficient light and slow water flow, it is usually in an anaerobic state, accumulating a large amount of iron and phosphorus elements. Under anaerobic conditions, the elements exist in the form of Fe2+ and phosphate, posing a potential threat to the water environment. However, when Vallisneria improves the redox potential of the rhizosphere environment through its aerenchyma, Fe2+ is oxidized to Fe3+, and phosphate is adsorbed into the hydroxide precipitate formed by Fe3+, thereby reducing the phosphorus content in the water.

[0050] During the decline of Vallisneria, the oxygen transport capacity of its roots is weakened, and the redox potential of the rhizosphere environment decreases, which leads to the uncontrolled release of phosphorus in the sediments, which re-enters the water body and causes the phosphorus content in the water body to rise. Therefore, when managing the use of hard riverbed submerged plant planting bricks for water body restoration, it is necessary to pay close attention to the growth cycle and decline dynamics of Vallisneria, and take necessary regulatory measures in time, such as regular harvesting of Vallisneria, supplementing with fresh plants or adjusting planting density, etc., to maintain the continuous improvement and stability of the water environment.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0052] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick, characterized in that: include: Plant planting bricks, the shape of the plant planting bricks is designed to be honeycomb-shaped, the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks are set to an inclined structure, the inclination angle is adjusted accordingly according to the water flow speed requirement, the plant planting bricks are in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of plant planting bricks are spliced ​​by mosaic, and the plant planting bricks are internally formed with a hard bottom river channel so that submerged plants cannot be planted; Initial cultivation soil (1), the initial cultivation soil (1) and plants are filled into the interior of the honeycomb-shaped plant planting bricks, and the height of the initial cultivation soil (1) is lower than the height of the plant planting bricks; The surface of the plant planting brick is provided with circular holes (2), and the circular holes (2) help the plant roots to intertwine with each other, thereby enhancing the stability of the plant; The cement prefabricated board (3) is covered on the bottom mud to prevent the bottom mud from affecting the water quality due to excessive pollution. The bottom of the cement prefabricated board (3) is also provided with a plurality of adsorption enrichment bricks. The plants on the upper layer can cooperate with polyphosphate bacteria microorganisms to form an effective water purification system, such as Vallisneria-iron bacteria-sediment system.

2. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting density is adjusted accordingly according to different submerged plant species, and it is suitable for planting pollution-resistant submerged plants such as Vallisneria, Dermatophylla and Myriophylla paniculata.

3. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the submerged plant planting project, Vallisneria sinensis is planted as a pioneer species due to its remarkable environmental adaptability and tolerance to high pH values.

4. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vallisneria has strong tolerance and can survive even in harsh environments. It can adapt to a wide range of temperatures and can germinate at 10°C. It can grow in all seasons except winter.

5. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: When planting Vallisneria, choose traditional soft clay to wrap the roots, or use agar wrapping technology to improve plant survival.

6. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vallisneria has a rich root system, lush leaves, and well-developed aerenchyma. It shows good adaptability in environments with high, medium and low phosphorus concentrations. It is often used as a pioneer species in water body restoration. Vallisneria affects the cycle of phosphorus through direct absorption, physical adsorption and indirect influence pathways.

7. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roots of Vallisneria can directly absorb phosphorus, and because of its abundant root system and large contact area, it can more easily adsorb insoluble colloids, minerals and microorganisms in the water and fix them in the bottom mud.

8. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen produced by Vallisneria through photosynthesis can increase the dissolved oxygen content of the surrounding water. At the same time, its well-developed aerenchyma transports oxygen to the root system, transforming the rhizosphere environment into a local aerobic state, which is conducive to microbial activity and increases the redox potential of the bottom mud.

9. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: Under strong anaerobic conditions, more Fe2+ and phosphate will accumulate in the bottom mud. The bottom of the lake is usually in an anaerobic state, accumulating a large amount of iron and phosphorus.

10. The hard riverbed submerged plant planting brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the redox potential increases, a large amount of phosphorus is adsorbed. During the decline of Vallisneria, the phosphorus in the sediment may be released uncontrollably, causing the phosphorus content in the water to rise again.

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