Flexible anti-scouring siltation promoting system

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible anti-scouring and silting promoting system. The flexible anti-scouring and silting promoting system comprises a buoyancy flow blocking net and an anchoring system. The buoyancy choke net comprises a plurality of floating balls, a cable net and an anchoring system interface, the floating balls are connected to the cable net, and the anchoring system interface is arranged at the bottom of the cable net. The anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring parts, each anchoring part comprises a movable connecting structure, an anchoring rod and an anchoring claw, the movable connecting structures are arranged at the top ends of the anchoring rods, and the anchoring claws can be movably connected to the anchoring rods. The anchoring system connector can be movably connected to the movable connecting structure, and the anchoring part can fix the buoyancy flow blocking net to the seabed or the beach.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to a flexible anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation system. Background Art

[0002] With global warming and rising sea levels, coastal erosion has become a common phenomenon on the world's coasts. Coastal erosion refers to the destructive process of coastal retreat caused by the lack of coastal sand supply and coastal sand loss under the action of ocean dynamics. Coastal erosion in countries around the world has become increasingly serious. Both sandy coasts and silty coasts will suffer varying degrees of erosion.

[0003] Coastal erosion may cause marine disasters such as beach retreat, seawall instability, flooding of coastal low-lying areas, seawater backflow, and destruction of nearshore buildings and facilities. The traditional protective projects to resist the hazards of coastal erosion are mainly the following:

[0004] (1) Seawalls. Seawalls can be built at higher locations on the beach and are generally parallel to the coastline. Although they play a great role in stabilizing the coast and preventing tides and waves, they generally cannot protect the beach.

[0005] (2) Spur dikes. Spur dikes and spur dike groups are coastal structures that are nearly perpendicular to the coastline. They are used more maturely on muddy coasts. Their function is to intercept silt from the upstream coast, forming a wide beach and thus protecting the coast. Spur dikes and spur dike groups rely on intercepted silt to achieve the purpose of protecting the coast. Therefore, for rivers with decreasing sediment transport volume year by year, it is not conducive for spur dikes to intercept a large amount of silt to form a beach. Therefore, this protection method has shortcomings, especially for sandy coasts.

[0006] (3) Offshore breakwater. A breakwater built in the sea area at a certain distance from the coastline and roughly parallel to the coastline is called an offshore breakwater, or offshore breakwater for short. Its function is similar to that of a groin, and it can cause siltation on the upstream side of the offshore breakwater. The offshore breakwater can be protected by large stones or various concrete blocks. However, the opening of the offshore breakwater is small, and pollutants are easily accumulated in the bay and difficult to be discharged. Therefore, when choosing an offshore breakwater as a coastal protection project, it is necessary to consider the possible environmental pollution it may cause.

[0007] (4) Sand replenishment on artificial beaches. Collecting suitable sand from the sea or land to replenish the eroded beaches is a common countermeasure to solve coastal erosion. Beach sand replenishment has been proven to be a relatively effective measure, and its impact on downstream beaches is smaller than other protective facilities. However, the sand artificially added to the beach will still be washed away by various marine environmental conditions, especially the action of waves. Therefore, artificial beaches must be replenished with sand at regular intervals. However, natural sand resources are becoming increasingly scarce, the sources of sand replenishment are decreasing, and the cost of sand replenishment is gradually increasing.

[0008] In summary, traditional beach protection projects often have defects such as high cost, long construction period, high cost and low effectiveness. They are no longer adapted to the changes in today's marine and coastal environment, and innovative technologies are urgently needed to resist the threat of marine disasters.

[0009] In recent years, the following technologies have emerged.

[0010] (1) Concrete tetrahedron dumping. Although concrete tetrahedron dumping can reduce kinetic energy and resist scouring, it is difficult to achieve the effect of promoting sedimentation and its cost is relatively high. Moreover, concrete tetrahedron is a rigid structure and has a low degree of ecologicalization for the beach.

[0011] (2) Sand pillow. Sand pillows are usually made of polypropylene or polyamide (nylon) fiber woven bags filled with silt, sand, gravel, etc., and are relatively ecological anti-scour structural technology. However, the synthetic fiber fabric on the surface of the sand pillow can only maintain stable polymer properties underwater, so it can only be used for submerged dikes or underwater anti-scour, and its effect is limited.

[0012] In recent years, some technologies that use flexible structures to resist scouring and promote siltation have also emerged. For example, CN114808835A discloses a flexible protection system that promotes siltation and land reclamation in a near-natural manner, which includes a directional opening and closing brush fence arranged parallel to the coastline, a seabed surface covering net, and a sand-blocking and sand-draining integrated one-way sand barrier. The seabed surface covering net is arranged on the seaward side of the directional opening and closing brush fence. The directional opening and closing brush fence is distributed in the intertidal zone, and the sand-blocking and sand-draining integrated one-way sand barrier is distributed above the highest tide line. The seabed surface covering net is laid close to the seabed surface and is semi-floating in the seawater.

[0013] The flexible protection system for near-natural siltation and land reclamation disclosed in the above invention application has a complex system structure and complicated process. It does not fully consider the impact of extreme marine disasters on the system in actual applications, making it insufficiently practical. At the same time, the system will occupy more beach space and have a certain impact on the coastal landscape. The blockage of marine garbage, the growth and adhesion of barnacles, etc. may cause the "opening and closing brush fence" made of filamentary interception net brushes to fail, making the system unable to perform its designed function. Astronomical tides, typhoons and other disasters will destroy the "seabed surface net" in the sea water and the "one-way sand barrier" on the beach.

[0014] There are also some flexible beach protection and sedimentation promotion system designs that require a strong stainless steel structure fixed frame to support the polymer flexible body to break waves and promote sedimentation. This type of system has a high application cost, a single wave-breaking structure pattern, and a limited sedimentation promotion effect when used to deal with complex and changeable ocean currents.

[0015] In summary, traditional beach protection technology is relatively backward, while newer technologies are insufficient in some aspects. New and old technologies may have defects such as high cost and poor economic efficiency, complex structure and high risk, complicated process and difficult implementation, low overall effectiveness, and impact on the safety of human activities and natural landscape of the shore. Summary of the invention

[0016] This application is made in view of the state of the prior art. The purpose of this application is to provide a flexible anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation system. The flexible anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation system can solve the problem of coastal anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation with low intervention and low cost, and repair the eroded coastal beach (beach).

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides a flexible anti-scour and siltation promoting system, which includes a buoyancy blocking net and an anchoring system.

[0018] The buoyancy resistance net includes a plurality of floating balls, a cable net and an anchoring system interface, wherein the plurality of floating balls are connected to the cable net, and the anchoring system interface is arranged at the bottom of the cable net.

[0019] The anchoring system includes a plurality of anchors, each of which includes a movable connection structure, an anchor rod and an anchor claw, wherein the movable connection structure is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, and the anchor claw can be movably connected to the anchor rod.

[0020] The anchoring system interface can be movably connected to the movable connection structure, and the anchor can fix the buoyancy choke net to the seabed or the beach.

[0021] In at least one possible embodiment, the flexible anti-scour and siltation promoting system further includes a sand pillow, wherein the sand pillow is formed with holes through which the anchor can at least partially pass.

[0022] In at least one possible embodiment, the cable net includes a main cable and a branch cable.

[0023] The main cables and the branch cables are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0024] The bottom extension of the main cable is provided with the anchoring system interface.

[0025] The diameter of the main cable is more than twice the diameter of the branch cable.

[0026] In at least one possible embodiment, the movable connection structure includes a connecting column,

[0027] At least the upper portion of the anchor rod is a hollow tube, and the connecting column is arranged inside the hollow tube and connects the inner walls of both sides of the hollow tube.

[0028] The anchoring system interface includes a heart-shaped ring arranged at the bottom of the main cable, and the heart-shaped ring is sleeved on the connecting column.

[0029] In at least one possible embodiment, the flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system further comprises one or more extended flow-blocking nets.

[0030] The buoyancy resistance net also includes an expansion interface arranged on the upper part of the cable net.

[0031] The expansion choke net includes a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is connected to the expansion interface.

[0032] In at least one possible embodiment, the anchor claws are multiple.

[0033] A plurality of anchor claws are evenly arranged along the circumference of the anchor rod.

[0034] The anchor claw is connected to the anchor rod by a folding hinge, and the length direction of the anchor claw can be rotated from a position parallel to the axial direction of the anchor rod to a position perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod.

[0035] In at least one possible embodiment, the shielding rate of the buoyancy choke net is 45% to 55%.

[0036] In at least one possible implementation, the anchoring member further includes a tapered portion disposed at the bottom of the anchoring rod.

[0037] In at least one possible embodiment, an auxiliary system is provided in the float.

[0038] The auxiliary system has at least one of the following devices: a power generation device, a light emitting device, a sound generating device, a positioning device, a monitoring device and a data transmission device.

[0039] In at least one possible embodiment, the buoy is disposed at the intersection of the cables of the cable net.

[0040] The floating ball is a polymer solid foaming ball.

[0041] Compared with the existing coastal anti-scour technology, the flexible anti-scour system provided by the present application can help the coastal zone resist scour erosion and promote sand deposition at a lower cost and higher efficiency. While achieving the restoration of the coastal zone, the system has relatively little impact on human activities, natural landscapes, etc. in the coastal zone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible anti-scour and promoting sedimentation system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of a buoyancy flow-blocking net according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of an anchoring system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of an anchor before deployment according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of an anchor after deployment according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 6 Installation structure diagram of a flexible anti-scouring and sediment-promoting system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Description of reference numerals

[0049] 100 Buoyancy flow-blocking net

[0050] 110 Floating ball

[0051] 120 Cable net

[0052] 121 Main cable

[0053] 122 Branch cable

[0054] 130 Anchoring system interface

[0055] 140 Expansion interface

[0056] 200 Anchoring system

[0057] 210 Anchor

[0058] 211 Movable connection structure

[0059] 2111 Connection column

[0060] 212 Anchoring rod

[0061] 213 Anchoring claw

[0062] 214 Conical part

[0063] 300 Sand pillow Detailed implementation manners

[0064] The exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are only used to teach those skilled in the art how to implement the present application, rather than to exhaust all possible ways of the present application, nor to limit the scope of the present application.

[0065] The embodiments of the present application provide a flexible anti-scouring and sedimentation promoting system (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a "system"), such as Figure 1 As shown, the system may include a buoyancy blocking net 100 and an anchoring system 200. Specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, the buoyancy choke net 100 may include a plurality of buoyant balls 110 , a cable net 120 , an anchoring system interface 130 , and an expansion interface 140 .

[0066] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the cable net 120 may include a plurality of main cables 121 ( Figure 2 The system includes five main cables 121) and a plurality of branch cables 122 (also called net cables). Figure 2 As shown, the main cable 121 can be Figure 2 A cable that is arranged vertically along the middle and extends downward in a vertical direction (relative to the cable net). The plurality of branch cables 122 can be parallel or perpendicular to the main cable 121, respectively. The plurality of main cables 121 and the plurality of branch cables 122 can be arranged in a crisscross pattern to form a mesh. For example, Figure 2 In the embodiment, 7 branch cables 122 parallel to the main cables 121 may be arranged between two vertically arranged main cables 121, and multiple branch cables 122 may be arranged perpendicular to the main cables 121, and the multiple main cables 121 extend downward for a distance relative to the lowest branch cable 122. It can be understood that the intersections of the cables (including the main cables and the branch cables) of the cable net 120 may form a cross shape, and the intersections of the cables may be connected using buckles (especially stainless steel buckles).

[0067] The float 110 can be spherical, ellipsoidal, etc. It is understood that the float 110 can also be designed as other shapes as needed. The float 110 can be set at the intersection of the cables of the cable net 120. The float 110 can be cut into two parts, especially divided into two halves (for example, the spherical float 110 can be divided into two hemispheres). The float 110 can be formed with a hole groove that can pass through and accommodate the cable, especially the cross-shaped hole groove can be formed on the cross-section of the float 110. The float 110 can also be formed with bolt holes. Exemplarily, the bolt holes can pass through the two parts of the float 110 respectively. After the cable is set in the hole groove of the float, a bolt can be used to pass through the float 110 and connect with the nut to tighten the float. It is understood that dividing the float 110 into two parts can facilitate the manufacture of the float and also facilitate the connection of the float 110 with the cable net 120. The bolt can be made of stainless steel and pre-buried in the float 110.

[0068] It is understandable that when all or part of the buoyancy choke net 100 is submerged in still water, the plurality of floats 110 can generate a traction force to pull the buoyancy choke net 100 toward the water surface under the action of buoyancy, so that the submerged part of the buoyancy choke net 100 is vertically or nearly vertically unfolded underwater. The remaining part can float on the water surface until the buoyancy choke net 100 is completely submerged in water and then fully vertically or nearly vertically unfolded in the water. Of course, when the water flow velocity is high, the buoyancy choke net 100 may tilt and swing along the direction of the water flow. When the buoyancy choke net 100 encounters turbulence, it will bend, twist, and swing irregularly with the change of the water flow.

[0069] When the water flow or waves act on the buoyancy flow-blocking net 100 from the seaward side, the water flow will be hindered by the buoyancy flow-blocking net and slow down. Specifically, when the water flow impacts the buoyancy flow-blocking net 100, the extremely flexible uneven surface of the buoyancy flow-blocking net and its swaying in the water can effectively reduce the kinetic energy of the water flow. The sand and gravel carried in the water flow stall due to the reduction of the kinetic energy of the water flow, and the sand and gravel fall in front of the flow-blocking net, in the middle, behind, and around the flow-blocking net according to the size of the particle size, forming a wide range of siltation accumulation. The large-grained gravel that silts in front of the net (on the seaward side) can form a strip of siltation, which can resist the scouring of the water flow, and is not easily carried away from the shore by the rip current, turbulence, etc. again, and can effectively protect the small-grained silt behind the net. According to the experimental results, the large particles of sand and gravel carried in the water generally fall on the seaward side, and the small particles of sand can enter the shoreward side through the gaps of the buoyancy flow-blocking net 100, thereby causing the small particles of sand to silt on the shoreward side. When the rip current acts on the buoyancy choke net 100 from the shoreward side, the entrained sand particles will fall around the choke net due to the water loss velocity.

[0070] Preferably, the diameter of the main cable 121 may be twice or more than the diameter of the branch cable 122 .

[0071] Preferably, the buoyancy blocking net 100 can be arranged parallel to the coastline or perpendicular to the direction of the flushing water flow.

[0072] Preferably, the screws and nuts for fastening the float 110 can be made of stainless steel.

[0073] Preferably, the float 110 can be a polymer solid foam float. The float 110 can have good water resistance and weather resistance. Exemplarily, the material of the float 110 can be polyurethane (PU), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polypropylene (PP), etc. Alternatively, the float 110 can be coated with at least one of the above materials only on the outer surface. More preferably, the float 110 can include a spherical or quasi-spherical outer shell formed of high-performance weather-resistant polymer materials such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and / or polypropylene (PP), and an internal filler formed of polyurethane (PU).

[0074] Preferably, the float 110 can be implanted with an auxiliary system. The auxiliary system can have at least one of the following devices: a power generation device, a light emitting device, a sound generating device, a positioning device, a monitoring device and a data transmission device. It is understandable that the auxiliary system can be pre-installed in the sphere when the float is manufactured, for example, the auxiliary system is pre-placed in a mold for manufacturing the float, and then the mold is filled with polymer materials. The float can also wrap the auxiliary system, especially wrapping the auxiliary system after the two parts of the float are connected. It is understandable that waterproof and weather-resistant materials can be filled or the two parts of the float can be connected after the auxiliary system is debugged. When the auxiliary system needs to be repaired or replaced or data needs to be transmitted in the form of a wired connection, it can be easily removed or replaced from the float.

[0075] Preferably, the main cable 121 can be a high-strength steel wire main cable. The branch cable 122 can be a flexible braided cable made of a high-strength, anti-aging polymer material. Both the main cable 121 and the branch cable 122 can be flexible steel wire cables specially used for marine engineering.

[0076] Preferably, the shielding rate of the buoyancy resistance net 100 can be 45 to 55%. According to the experimental results, the system operates most safely and efficiently under this shielding rate. It can be understood that in actual application, the appropriate shielding rate can be selected according to the actual hydrological conditions and currents, sea conditions and other realistic conditions, and the appropriate number and density of buoys can be installed.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the anchoring system interface 130 can be arranged at the bottom of the main cable 121 (close to the side of the anchoring system 200), and the anchoring system interface 130 can be connected to the anchor 210 of the anchoring system 200 to connect the buoyancy choke net 100 to the anchoring system 200. Exemplarily, the anchoring system interface 130 can be formed by bending the downwardly extending portion of the main cable 121, installing a heart ring (ring), and then fastening it with a buckle. It can be understood that the heart ring used in the anchoring system interface 130 can be a wear-resistant and rust-proof heart ring, and the buckle can be a stainless steel buckle specially used for marine engineering.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, the expansion interface 140 can be arranged at the top of the buoyancy blocking net 100, especially at the top of the plurality of main cables 121 ( Figure 2). The flexible anti-scour and siltation promoting system may also include one or more expansion choke nets, and the expansion interface 140 may be used to connect the expansion choke nets. It is understood that a connection portion that can be connected to the expansion interface 140 may be provided at the bottom of the expansion choke net. Exemplarily, when the original flexible anti-scour and siltation promoting system (especially the buoyancy choke net) is completely or partially covered by siltation, the expansion choke net may be connected through the expansion interface to maintain and update the system. Of course, the use scenario of the expansion choke net is not limited to this.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, the anchor system 200 may include a plurality of anchors 210. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the anchor 210 may include an articulation structure 211 , an anchor rod 212 , and an anchor claw 213 .

[0080] For example, Figure 4 As shown, the movable connection structure 211 may include a connection column 2111 disposed at the top end of the anchor rod 212 (close to one end of the buoyancy choke net). At least the upper part of the anchor rod 212 may be a hollow tube, and the connection column 2111 may be arranged along the radial direction of the anchor rod 212, that is, the connection column 2111 may be connected to the inner walls of both sides of the hollow tube. The heart ring of the anchor system interface 130 may be sleeved on the connection column 2111, so that the buoyancy choke net 100 can be movably connected to the anchor system 200. It can be understood that the specific structure of the movable connection structure 211 is not limited thereto. For example, the movable connection structure 211 may also be a hook structure, a circular ring or a near-circular ring structure. The movable connection structure 211 may enable the buoyancy choke net 100 connected thereto to swing with different amplitudes in the direction of the water flow. The anchor rod 212 may be made of a stainless steel pipe with a larger diameter. When the movable connection structure 211 is a structure such as a circular ring or a hook, the anchor rod may also be made of solid round steel or threaded steel. The movable connection structure 211 can be made of anti-corrosion metal materials such as stainless steel.

[0081] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of anchor claws 213 can be connected to the bottom of the anchor rod 212. For example, the plurality of anchor claws 213 can be connected to the anchor rod 212 through folding hinges. The anchor claw 213 can be petal-shaped (approximately elliptical or spindle-shaped). One side of the folding hinge (especially the side connected to the anchor claw 213) can be rotated from a position parallel to the axial direction of the anchor rod 212 to a position perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod 212. Further, the anchor claw 213 can rotate with the folding hinge, that is, the plane of the anchor claw 213 (or the length direction of the anchor claw) can be rotated from Figure 4 The position parallel to the axial direction of the anchor rod 212 is rotated to Figure 5The position shown is perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod 212. A plurality of anchor claws 213 may be evenly arranged along the circumference of the anchor rod 212. For example, four anchor claws 213 are arranged in total in the figure.

[0082] Preferably, the anchor claws 213 can be made of steel plates (stainless steel plates). The folding hinge can be welded to the anchor rods 212 and the anchor claws 213. The number of the anchor claws 213 can be at least four.

[0083] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the anchor rod 212 may be connected to a tapered portion 214, so that the anchor 210 can penetrate the sand pillow or be driven into the beach, etc. The tapered portion 214 may be conical or diamond-shaped.

[0084] It is understood that the connection between the movable connection structure 211 and the buoyancy choke net 100 can be detachable, and the old buoyancy choke net can be removed and a new buoyancy choke net can be installed according to the siltation height near the system and the environmental conditions. The removed old buoyancy choke net can also be recycled to save resources.

[0085] Preferably, the flexible anti-scour and promoting sedimentation system may also include one or more sand pillows 300, which may be long large tube bags made of high-strength, anti-aging polymer fabrics with fillers inside. Exemplarily, the sand pillow 300 may use a weather-resistant (anti-ultraviolet additive) polypropylene woven bag. Holes may be reserved on the tube bag (woven bag) of the sand pillow 300 through which the anchor 210 can at least partially pass. It is understandable that, for example, in anti-scour projects in deep water areas, when piling is inconvenient or the cost of piling is high, the sand pillow 300, i.e., the "heavy object anchoring method", may be used to set the buoyancy barrier net on the deeper seabed.

[0086] Exemplarily, in the intertidal zone where the flexible anti-scouring and silting-promoting system is set, beach sediments close to the volume and shape of the sand pillow 300 can be dug out, and the tube bag of the sand pillow is set in the pit formed by the excavated sediments. A suction pump can be used to flush the excavated beach sediments into the tube bag, and the sand pillow 300 can be formed after the sediment is consolidated. It can be understood that the sand pillow 300 can be used to cooperate with the anchoring system to anchor the buoyancy blocking net, and the high-strength anti-aging polymer fabric (tube bag, woven bag) on ​​the outside of the sand pillow can play an anti-scouring role. The sand pillow can resist the downward water flow (flowing to the bottom of the buoyancy blocking net 100, i.e., flowing to the sand pillow 300) caused by the obstruction of the buoyancy blocking net, so as to avoid or reduce the generation of scouring pits and cause the system to become unstable and damaged.

[0087] For example, Figure 3As shown, the anchor 210 is in the form of an anchor claw 213 attached to the anchor rod 212. After the sand pillow 300 is filled, the anchor 210 is driven into the opening of the sand pillow 300 by a hook machine or an anchor machine. The anchor 210 can penetrate the bottom of the sand pillow 300, and the depth of the anchor 210 passing through the sand pillow 300 can be more than twice the length of the anchor claw 213. Then use a hook machine to connect the top of the anchor rod 212, and slowly pull the anchor 210 in the upward direction perpendicular to the surface of the sand pillow. When the anchor claw 213 at the bottom of the anchor 210 encounters resistance in its upward movement, it will gradually expand to fit tightly against the bottom of the sand pillow 300, forming an anchoring force to fix the system. It can be understood that Figure 6 As shown, when the present system is actually applied, the sand pillow 300 may not be used, and a plurality of anchors 210 may be driven directly into corresponding positions of the shore mudflat by a hook machine or an anchor machine, and then the hook machine may be used to appropriately pull up the anchor 213 so that the bottom anchor claws thereof may be unfolded, thereby forming an anchoring force to fix the system.

[0088] Preferably, the diameter of the sand pillow 300 may be 1.6 meters to 6 meters.

[0089] Preferably, the system can be arranged in the intertidal zone or upstream of a location where anti-scouring is required (ie, on the shore side of the anti-scouring location).

[0090] It is understood that the system can also be directly arranged on the beach. The sand pillow is constructed on the steep beach, and when the tide does not completely submerge the sand pillow, the sand pillow can have the effect of a submerged dike.

[0091] It can be understood that when the system is applied to underwater anti-scour protection projects, the system can be assembled in advance on a pillow throwing ship. Then the system can be thrown at a fixed point through positioning control. It can also be thrown in multiple, multi-angle, enclosed or semi-enclosed types according to actual needs to ensure that the anti-scour protection goal is achieved.

[0092] It can be understood that the metal structures not specifically described in this embodiment can all be made of anti-corrosion materials such as stainless steel.

[0093] Two embodiments of the above-mentioned flexible anti-scour and promoting sedimentation system are given below.

[0094] First embodiment

[0095] Flexible anti-scour and promoted sedimentation system is used in coastal anti-scour and promoted sedimentation projects.

[0096] (1) Production and assembly of buoyancy resistance net. In the factory, according to the relevant design drawings, the main cable 121 and the branch cable 122 are connected with stainless steel buckles to form a cable net 120. Then, the two parts of the prefabricated multiple buoys 110 are fastened and fixed at the cross-shaped intersection of the cable net 120, rolled and packaged, and transported to the construction site.

[0097] (2) Production and installation of anchoring system: In the factory, various parts of the anchoring member 210 are welded and installed according to relevant design drawings, and then packaged and transported to the construction site.

[0098] (3) Excavation of sand pillow holes. Use an excavator to excavate the pits for placing sand pillows at the construction site in the intertidal zone according to the construction drawings.

[0099] (4) Installing the anchoring system on the sand pillow: The anchoring system 200 and the woven bag forming the sand pillow 300 are arranged at the designed position at the bottom of the pit, and the anchoring rod 212 is passed through the reserved hole on the woven bag of the sand pillow 300.

[0100] (5) Blowing sand pillow. The silt and gravel excavated in step (3) are mixed with seawater and blown into a woven bag using a sand blowing pump and the blowing opening is tied tightly to form a sand pillow.

[0101] (6) Installing the buoyancy choke net: Connect the multiple anchoring system interfaces 130 of the buoyancy choke net 100 to the multiple movable connection structures 211 of the anchoring system 200 respectively.

[0102] Through the above steps, the installation of the flexible anti-scour and promoted sedimentation system for use in the shore anti-scour and promoted sedimentation project can be completed.

[0103] Second embodiment

[0104] Flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting systems are used in underwater anti-scour protection projects.

[0105] (1) Production and assembly of buoyancy resistance net. In the factory, according to the relevant design drawings, the main cable 121 and the branch cable 122 are connected with stainless steel buckles to form a cable net 120. Then, the two parts of the prefabricated multiple buoys 110 are fastened and fixed at the cross-shaped intersection of the cable net 120, rolled and packaged, and transported to the construction site.

[0106] (2) Production and installation of anchoring system: In the factory, various parts of the anchoring member 210 are welded and installed according to relevant design drawings, and then packaged and transported to the construction site.

[0107] (3) Installing the anchoring system in the sand pillow: The anchoring system is placed on the pillow throwing ship according to the construction drawing, and the anchoring rod 212 passes through the holes reserved on the woven bag of the sand pillow 300.

[0108] (4) Blowing and filling sand pillows. Use a sand blowing pump on the pillow throwing ship to blow the sand pillow woven bag and tie the blowing and filling opening tightly.

[0109] (5) Installing the buoyancy choke net: Connect the multiple anchoring system interfaces 130 of the buoyancy choke net 100 to the multiple movable connection systems 211 of the anchoring system.

[0110] (6) Throwing pillow. Use the throwing pillow equipment to determine the throwing pillow point, and according to the pre-designed procedure, throw the flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system into the water and place it at the underwater operation point.

[0111] Through the above steps, the installation of the flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system for use in underwater anti-scour protection projects can be completed.

[0112] The following briefly describes some of the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application.

[0113] The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system provided by the embodiment of the present application has a lower cost than the existing shore anti-scour technology, and its structure and process are relatively simple. The system has a good effect of resisting scour erosion and promoting sand deposition, and at the same time has little impact on surrounding human activities and natural landscapes.

[0114] Specifically, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application may include at least one of the following:

[0115] (1) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of the present application belongs to the application of bionics in marine engineering and water conservancy engineering. It originates from nature, is higher than nature, and serves nature. It is a creative measure of ecological protection technology. Through the bionic simulation of natural coastal plant communities, such as mangroves, seagrass beds, reed beds, etc., and then technically creative improvements, a flexible anti-scouring and sedimentation-promoting system is designed, which can promote sedimentation and sand fall while resisting scouring. If the system is set near the shore, it can form a beach similar to naturally formed on the shore, and in some aspects it can even surpass naturally formed beaches. Under experimental conditions, when the water flow velocity is between 2m / s and 6m / s, most of the finer sand particles (particle size 0.2 to 1.2mm) can pass through the buoyancy resistance net with the water flow and fall further with the water flow in dense vortex flow and turbulence. The fine sand carried in the water flow falls on the shore side of the system. The sand particles on this side are finer and more uniform in particle size, and have a good appearance and foot feel. Due to the initial deceleration of the water flow, most of the gravel and coarse sand carried in the water will accumulate on the seaward side. The accumulation of gravel and coarse sand (particle size greater than 1.5mm) can prevent the loss of sand on the outer edge of the beach to a certain extent. On the seaward side of the original system, a new system can be gradually set up, which will make the original location of the accumulated gravel and coarse sand become the shoreward side of the new system, and gradually be covered by the fine sand formed by the newly set system. Then, a structurally stable stratified beach composed of gravel, coarse sand and fine sand can be formed from bottom to top on the shore zone.

[0116] (2) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of the present application can be used in areas with complex water flow by setting up multiple, multi-angle enclosure or semi-enclosed flexible anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation systems. Just like the protection of natural seagrass beds, mangroves, reeds, etc. on the beach, the purpose of anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation is achieved. The flexible anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation system provided by this implementation method has a simple structure, convenient construction, low risk factor, and is convenient for large-scale protection.

[0117] (3) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of the present application can solve the problem of high cost required by the existing shore anti-scouring and siltation technology, and has significant economic benefits. Specifically, (A) The prefabrication degree of the system can reach about 70%, and only a small amount of on-site machinery and manual work is required for installation, and the implementation cost is low. Most of the existing technologies are complicated and difficult to implement, while the structure of the present system is simple, mainly including a buoyancy barrier net and an anchoring system, both of which can be mass-produced and assembled in factories, and the manufacturing cost is low. (B) The buoyancy barrier net can be rolled and folded, and the logistics and transportation cost is low. (C) The anchoring system can be installed using an excavator, a sand blowing pump and a small amount of manual work, and the installation cost is low. (D) The main component of the system, the buoyancy barrier net, has an extension function (i.e., connecting and expanding the barrier net), which can greatly extend the life of the system and has a low overall cost. (F) The main component of the system, the buoyancy barrier net, can be disassembled and reused, which can reduce the cost of use. (G) The system can help form a stable and high-quality beach. Under the continuous maintenance of the system, the beach can continue to grow without artificial sand replenishment, and the long-term economic benefits are significant.

[0118] (4) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of the present application can solve the problem of complex structure and high risk of existing technology. Compared with the existing technology, flexible anti-scouring and sedimentation promotion belongs to bionic reconstruction technology. The basic concept comes from nature, and the technical reliability and safety are relatively high. The flexible anti-scouring and sedimentation promotion system mainly includes a buoyancy barrier net and an anchoring system. The structural system is relatively simple and stable among similar technologies, and the safety risk is relatively small. Except for the metal parts of the anchoring system, most of the components of the system are flexible materials. In the anti-scouring protection system, the flexible material has obvious energy dissipation and energy reduction effects and is relatively safe and stable.

[0119] (5) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of the present application can solve the problem of low efficacy of existing anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation technologies. The buoyancy barrier net of the system is fully transparent and has a high sand passing rate. The buoyancy barrier net has a shielding rate of nearly 50%. Within the normal water flow velocity range (2m / s to 8m / s), gravel, coarse sand and fine sand gradually accumulate from the seaward side to the shoreward side. The system has a soft barrier net structure, which has a better effect of eliminating waves and reducing energy in the water. The water flow will slow down when it contacts the buoyancy barrier net, and the sand will fall and accumulate around it, which not only resists the scouring of the shore zone by the water flow, but also creates a high-quality beach. The experimental case shows that a flexible anti-scouring and promoting sedimentation system is set up in the shore zone with good sand conditions, and a high-quality beach can be formed in 180 days. In this experimental case, within the effective monitoring range, the beach elevation increased by an average of 1m.

[0120] (6) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of the present application can solve the problems of the existing technology that affect the safety of human activities and the landscape in the coastal zone. Most of the existing anti-scour technical devices are rigid metal or concrete structures. If the rigid structure is set in a hydrophilic space, it may pose a threat to the safety of humans and near-shore ships. At the same time, various engineering structures are set up in the coastal zone, which may not match the surrounding natural landscape and affect the appearance. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system provided by this implementation method has an anchor that is basically embedded in the beach, and the buoyancy barrier net is close to the seabed during low tide. In addition, most of the components are made of flexible materials that are not easy to harm humans and ships. The buoy and other components can also be equipped with sound and light alarm systems to remind humans and ships to avoid, so it has higher safety. Since the system is close to the water surface or the seabed, it will basically not affect the natural landscape of the coastal zone.

[0121] (7) The technical solution provided by the implementation method of this application can solve the technical problem that the energy-saving and emission-reduction efficiency of existing dam technologies is not high. The existing technologies use a large amount of reinforced concrete or require the mining of natural rocks, which have high energy consumption and also cause damage to the natural environment, making it difficult to achieve true energy conservation and emission reduction. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system provided by this implementation method uses a large amount of light-weight and small-volume polymer materials, intensive production and manufacturing, light logistics, less machinery, and some materials are mostly natural materials, which greatly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0122] It is understood that in the present application, when the number of parts or components is not particularly limited, the number may be one or more, and the multiple here means two or more. For the case where the number of parts or components shown in the drawings and / or described in the specification is a specific number such as two, three, four, etc., the specific number is usually exemplary and not restrictive, and it can be understood as multiple, that is, two or more, but this does not mean that the present application excludes the case of one.

[0123] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and changes to the above embodiments under the guidance of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system, It is characterized in that It comprises a buoyancy blocking net (100) and an anchoring system (200), The buoyancy resistance net (100) comprises a plurality of floating balls (110), a cable net (120) and an anchoring system interface (130), wherein the plurality of floating balls (110) are connected to the cable net (120), and the anchoring system interface (130) is arranged at the bottom of the cable net (120). The anchoring system (200) comprises a plurality of anchors (210), wherein the anchors (210) comprise a movable connection structure (211), an anchor rod (212) and an anchor claw (213), wherein the movable connection structure (211) is arranged at the top end of the anchor rod (212), and the anchor claw (213) can be movably connected to the anchor rod (212). The anchoring system interface (130) can be movably connected to the movable connection structure (211), and the anchor (210) can fix the buoyancy choke net (100) to the seabed or the beach.

2. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The invention also comprises a sand pillow (300), wherein the sand pillow (300) is formed with a hole through which the anchor (210) can at least partially pass.

3. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cable net (120) comprises a main cable (121) and a branch cable (122). The main cables (121) and the branch cables (122) are arranged in a staggered manner. The anchoring system interface (130) is provided at the bottom extension portion of the main cable (121). The diameter of the main cable (121) is more than twice the diameter of the branch cable (122).

4. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The movable connection structure (211) comprises a connection column (2111), At least the upper portion of the anchor rod (212) is a hollow tube, and the connecting column (2111) is arranged inside the hollow tube and connects the inner walls of both sides of the hollow tube. The anchoring system interface (130) comprises a heart-shaped ring arranged at the bottom of the main cable (121), and the heart-shaped ring is sleeved on the connecting column (2111).

5. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Also includes one or more extended flow blocking nets, The buoyancy resistance net (100) further comprises an expansion interface (140) arranged on the upper part of the cable net (120). The expansion flow-blocking net comprises a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is connected to the expansion interface (140).

6. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The anchor claws (213) are multiple, The plurality of anchor claws (213) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the anchor rod (212). The anchor claw (213) is connected to the anchor rod (212) by folding hinges, and the length direction of the anchor claw (213) can be rotated from a position parallel to the axial direction of the anchor rod (212) to a position perpendicular to the axial direction of the anchor rod (212).

7. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The shielding rate of the buoyancy flow-blocking net (100) is 45% to 55%.

8. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The anchor (210) further includes a tapered portion (214) disposed at the bottom of the anchor rod (212).

9. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The float (110) is provided with an auxiliary system. The auxiliary system has at least one of the following devices: a power generation device, a light emitting device, a sound generating device, a positioning device, a monitoring device and a data transmission device.

10. The flexible anti-scour and sedimentation-promoting system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The buoy (110) is arranged at the intersection of the cables of the cable net (120). The floating ball (110) is a polymer solid foamed ball.

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