A gas spraying device for a combustion chamber

Abstract

A kind of combustion chamber gas spraying device, including spraying cylinder, spraying cylinder gas flow passage is provided in spraying cylinder, and cooling nozzle is provided in spraying cylinder inner wall.Spraying cylinder has cylinder section, and cylinder section is connected with upstream test equipment, and the diameter of spraying cylinder gas flow passage of cylinder section is greater than the diameter of gas flow passage of upstream equipment, so that the interface position of upstream test equipment and cylinder section forms the sudden expansion backflow area that gas is separated from the wall of spraying cylinder.Sudden expansion backflow area enables the device to avoid high-temperature gas directly impacting the wall structure of combustion chamber gas spraying device, thereby avoiding wall ablation, improving the service life and safety of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aero-engines, and specifically relates to a combustion chamber gas spraying device. Background Technology

[0002] During combustion chamber tests of aero-engines or gas turbines, the high-temperature exhaust gases can reach 1800°C. For test safety, it is necessary to cool these gases by spraying. Existing spraying devices typically employ a stainless steel jacket structure with a diameter similar to the measuring section downstream of the combustion chamber. High-pressure cooling water flows through the jacket, confining the high-temperature gases within the tube enclosed by the jacket. Cooling nozzles within the tube spray the cooling water onto the gases for cooling. However, in this process, the inner wall of the jacket is in direct contact with the high-temperature gases, making it prone to ablation and requiring it to withstand high thermal stress. Simultaneously, the cooling water vaporizes at the nozzle openings, easily leading to the accumulation of scale, exhaust particles, and other solid impurities, causing blockages. These problems not only affect cooling efficiency but also potentially pose safety hazards. Therefore, providing a safer and more effective combustion chamber gas spraying device has significant practical value in improving the safety of combustion chamber tests. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combustion chamber gas spraying device to improve the safety of combustion chamber gas parameter measurement tests.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a combustion chamber gas spraying device is provided. The device includes a spray cylinder with a gas flow channel formed inside the spray cylinder, and cooling nozzles are provided on the inner wall of the spray cylinder. The spray cylinder includes a cylindrical section connected to an upstream test device. The diameter of the gas flow channel in the cylindrical section is larger than the diameter of the gas flow channel in the upstream test device, creating a sudden expansion and recirculation zone at the interface between the cylindrical section and the upstream test device, where the gas separates from the wall of the spray cylinder.

[0005] Because the gas flow channel of the spray cylinder has a larger inner diameter, when the gas enters the spray cylinder from the upstream test equipment, it separates from the wall of the gas flow channel in the sudden expansion and reflux zone. During this process, spraying and cooling the gas can reduce the temperature that the spray cylinder wall is subjected to, thereby improving the service life and safety of the spray cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the diameter of the gas flow channel of the spray cylinder is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the gas flow channel of the upstream test equipment. A sufficiently large sudden expansion cross-section can form an effective sudden expansion backflow zone, allowing the gas to be sufficiently cooled before contacting the spray cylinder wall.

[0007] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cooling nozzles are arranged in a ring as multiple spray rings arranged axially along the cylindrical section.

[0008] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the spray ring includes a jet spray ring and a centrifugal spray ring. The cooling nozzles in the jet spray ring are configured as jet holes, and the cooling nozzles in the centrifugal spray ring are configured as centrifugal nozzles. The cooling water sprayed from the jet holes has better penetration and can directly cool the core area of ​​the gas combustion system; the centrifugal nozzles can form a liquid film on the inner wall of the spray cylinder, further protecting the spray cylinder wall.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring are alternately arranged at equal intervals. The alternating arrangement of the jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring can balance the gas cooling effect with the protection effect on the spray cylinder wall.

[0010] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the spray ring closest to the upstream test equipment is the first spray ring, and the first spray ring is configured as a jet spray ring.

[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the jet holes of the first spray ring are inclined upstream, forming an angle of 30°-45° with the normal plane of the first spray ring. The inclination angle of the first spray ring can, on the one hand, cool the high-temperature combustion gas in advance, and on the other hand, cool the sudden expansion backflow zone.

[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the minimum axial distance between the spray ring and the upstream test equipment is 10±2cm.

[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the spray cylinder further includes a conical section, one end of which is connected to the cylindrical section and the other end is connected to downstream test equipment, wherein the diameter of the gas flow channel of the spray cylinder within the conical section gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a temperature sensor is provided inside the cone section to detect the temperature of the gas cooled by spraying. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion chamber test device in one embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB section structure.

[0018] The purpose of the above embodiments is to provide a detailed description of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the invention, and not to limit the invention. For the sake of brevity, the above drawings only schematically illustrate the structures related to the technical features of the present invention, and do not depict the complete structure and all details strictly according to actual proportions. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment herein. The phrase appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments herein can be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.

[0021] In this description, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms "installation," "connection," "joining," etc., should be interpreted broadly, referring to movable connections, fixed connections, or integration. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In this description, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "lateral," "longitudinal," "height," "length," and "width," which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, rather than limiting the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, or to be installed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments in this document.

[0023] In this description, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or limiting the number, specific order, or primary / secondary relationship of the described technical features. In this description, "multiple" means at least two.

[0024] Existing combustor gas spraying devices for aero-engines or gas turbines expose the inner walls of the spraying device to high-temperature gas. This necessitates a spraying device with a high-pressure cooling water jacket to simultaneously spray the high-temperature gas and cool the spraying device itself. This design is complex and costly. Furthermore, the inner walls of the spraying device are susceptible to erosion from the high-temperature gas, and the cooling water nozzles are prone to clogging. Consequently, the service life and safety do not adequately meet testing requirements. To address these issues, embodiments of the present invention provide a combustor gas spraying device, such as... Figure 1As shown, the spraying device includes a spray cylinder 1. An inlet pipe 21, a combustion chamber test piece 22, and an outlet measuring section 23 are sequentially connected upstream of the spray cylinder 1. The spray cylinder 1 is connected to the outlet measuring section 23 via an inlet flange 13. A spray cylinder gas flow channel 15 is formed inside the spray cylinder 1 to transport and cool the gas 152 discharged from the outlet measuring section 23. The spray cylinder 1 includes a cylindrical section 11 and a conical section 12. The cylindrical section 11 is cylindrical in shape, with an inlet flange 13 at its upstream end. The conical section 12 is conical and located downstream of the cylindrical section 12, with an outlet flange 14 at its downstream end. The spray cylinder 1 is connected to a downstream pipe 24 via the outlet flange. The diameter of the gas flow channel 15 in the spray cylinder within the cylindrical section 11 is larger than the diameter of the gas flow channel in the measuring section 23. This creates a sudden expansion structure at the connection point between the cylindrical section 11 and the measuring section 23, which expands perpendicularly to the gas flow direction. When the gas 152 enters the gas flow channel 15 in the spray cylinder, the abrupt change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel creates a sudden expansion backflow zone 151 near the inlet flange 13. This delays the contact time between the high-temperature gas 152 and the inner wall of the spray cylinder 1, allowing the gas 152 to come into contact with the inner wall of the spray cylinder 1 after initial cooling. The inlet flange 13 and the wall of the spray cylinder 1 within the sudden expansion backflow zone 151 are not directly impacted by the high-temperature gas, thus avoiding direct erosion of the inner wall of the spray cylinder 1 by high temperatures and reducing cooling requirements. To ensure the sudden expansion effect, in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the gas flow channel 15 in the spray cylinder within the sudden expansion structure should be at least 1.5 times the diameter of the gas flow channel in the measuring section 23.

[0025] Multiple spray rings are arranged axially on the inner wall of the spray cylinder 1. Each spray ring includes multiple cooling nozzles arranged circumferentially around the spray cylinder, used to spray cooling water into the gas flow channel 15 of the spray cylinder to reduce the temperature of the gas 152. The spray rings are divided into two types: jet spray rings, whose cooling nozzles are jet holes 111; and centrifugal spray rings, whose cooling nozzles are centrifugal nozzles 112. In a preferred embodiment, jet spray rings and centrifugal spray rings are alternately arranged at equal intervals. The jet holes 111 can spray concentrated cooling water jets 155, which can enter the central region of the gas 152 to reduce the overall temperature of the gas 152; the centrifugal nozzles 112 spray a cone-shaped water mist 154, which can form a water film on the inner wall of the spray cylinder 1 to further protect the wall of the spray cylinder 1 from gas erosion. In a further preferred embodiment, the spray ring closest to the upstream measuring section 23 is the first spray ring, which is configured as a jet spray ring to cool the gas 152 entering the spray cylinder in a timely manner. The jet orifice 111 of the first spray ring can be inclined relative to the normal plane of the first spray ring, forming an angle of 30°-45° towards the upstream direction. In this way, the inclined jet 153 sprayed by the first spray ring can cool the sudden expansion backflow zone 151, preventing overheating in the sudden expansion backflow zone. The axial distance between the first spray ring and the measuring section 23 can be set to 10±2cm (i.e., the axial distance from the end of the measuring section 23 to the plane where the first spray ring is located). If the distance is too close, the jet orifice is prone to overheating, while if the distance is too far, sufficient spray cooling cannot be provided before the gas 152 contacts the spray cylinder wall. The first spray ring is configured as a jet spray ring, and the second spray ring along the axial direction is configured as a centrifugal spray ring. The jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring are alternately arranged at equal distances. The alternating arrangement of jet spray rings and centrifugal spray rings enables rapid cooling of the gas 152, ensuring that the inlet flange 13 and the wall of the spray cylinder 1 are always within the allowable temperature range of the material.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, multiple annular half-pipes 113 are arranged around the outside of the spray cylinder 1. Each annular half-pipe 113 corresponds to a spray ring. A water supply connector 114 is provided on the outside of the annular half-pipe 113. Pressurized cooling water can be filled into the annular half-pipe 113 through the water supply connector 114, which can provide cooling water for the spray ring and also cool the wall of the spray cylinder 1.

[0027] The diameter of the gas flow channel 15 in the spray cylinder within the cone section 12 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the gas 152, serving as a transition point with the downstream pipe 24 to reduce the diameter of the downstream pipe 24. A pair of backup temperature sensors 121 are installed on the upper and lower sides of the cone section 12 to detect the temperature of the gas 152 discharged from the spray cylinder 1, ensuring that the temperature of the gas 152 discharged from the spray cylinder 1 does not exceed the allowable temperature of the downstream pipe 24 and the back pressure valve. In some embodiments, the temperature of the gas 152 from the upstream measuring section 23 can reach 1800°C. After being cooled by the spray cylinder 1, the gas temperature detected by the temperature sensor 121 in the cone section 12 decreases to approximately 300°C.

[0028] A drain pipe 115 is provided in the bottom area near the downstream end of the cylindrical section 11 of the spray cylinder 1. The drain pipe 115 is controlled to open and close by a drain valve 116. After the spray cooling process continues for a certain period of time, water may accumulate in the spray cylinder 1 due to excessive cooling water. Opening the drain valve 116 can drain the accumulated water through the drain pipe 115.

[0029] The combustion chamber gas spraying device provided in the above embodiments can effectively achieve spraying and cooling of high-temperature gas without the need for a complex high-pressure jacket. During service, the uncooled high-temperature gas 152 will not directly impact the wall of the spray cylinder 1, avoiding ablation of the spray cylinder 1 wall and reducing the thermal stress borne by the spray cylinder 1 wall. At the same time, since the direct impact of the high-temperature gas 152 is avoided, the cooling water sprayed from the cooling nozzle will not immediately vaporize at the nozzle opening, effectively preventing scale or combustion particles from clogging the cooling nozzle, thus improving the reliability and safety of the combustion chamber gas spraying device.

[0030] The purpose of the above embodiments is to provide a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention. Within the scope of the present invention, optimization or equivalent replacement of the involved part structures, as well as combination of implementation methods in different embodiments without causing structural and principle conflicts, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combustion chamber gas spraying device, comprising a spray cylinder, wherein a gas flow channel is formed inside the spray cylinder, and cooling nozzles are disposed on the inner wall of the spray cylinder, characterized in that, The spray cylinder includes a cylindrical section, which is connected to the upstream test equipment. The diameter of the gas flow channel of the spray cylinder in the cylindrical section is larger than the diameter of the gas flow channel of the upstream test equipment, so that the interface between the cylindrical section and the upstream test equipment forms a sudden expansion backflow zone where the gas separates from the wall of the spray cylinder. The cooling nozzles are arranged in a ring as a spray ring, and there are multiple sets of spray rings, which are arranged along the axial direction of the cylindrical section. The spray ring includes a jet spray ring and a centrifugal spray ring. The cooling nozzle in the jet spray ring is configured as a jet orifice, and the cooling nozzle in the centrifugal spray ring is configured as a centrifugal nozzle. The spray ring closest to the upstream test equipment is the first spray ring, which is configured as a jet spray ring; the jet spray ring and the centrifugal spray ring are alternately arranged at equal intervals.

2. The combustion chamber gas spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the gas flow channel of the spray cylinder is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the gas flow channel of the upstream test equipment.

3. The combustion chamber gas spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet holes of the first spray ring are inclined in the upstream direction, forming an angle of 30°-45° with the normal plane direction of the first spray ring.

4. The combustion chamber gas spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum axial distance between the spray ring and the upstream test equipment is 10±2cm.

5. The combustion chamber gas spraying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The spray cylinder also includes a conical section, one end of which is connected to the cylindrical section and the other end is connected to the downstream test equipment. The diameter of the gas flow channel of the spray cylinder in the conical section gradually decreases along the gas flow direction.

6. The combustion chamber gas spraying device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is installed inside the cone section to detect the temperature of the gas cooled by spraying.

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