Electronic anode and water heater

Abstract

According to the electronic anode and the water heater, the protection effect of the electronic anode can be optimized, and the production cost of the electronic anode can be considered. The electronic anode comprises an anode main body; the anode main body comprises a conductive carrier section and a conductive carrier coating section which are connected with each other; each conductive carrier section comprises an exposed conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier sections is one or more; each conductive carrier coating section comprises a conductive carrier and a conductive coating attached to the outer surface of the conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier coating sections is one or more; the anode body is arranged to be inserted into an inner container of the water heater, the area of the inner surface of the inner container is S1, the total surface area of the anode body is S0, the units of S0 and S1 are the same, and S0 and S1 meet the condition that S0 is larger than or equal to 7.5 * 10 <-5 > * S1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to but is not limited to the technical field of water heaters, and specifically refers to an electronic anode and a water heater. Background Art

[0002] A water heater is a common household appliance used to supply hot water. However, since the inner tank of the water heater is in a high temperature and humid environment for a long time, it is prone to corrosion, which affects the service life of the water heater. In order to prevent corrosion of the inner tank, traditional water heaters usually use physical magnesium rods and / or electronic anode protection technology.

[0003] Electronic anode is a technology that suppresses the corrosion of the inner tank by applying an external current to keep the anode at an anode protection potential. Traditional electronic anodes usually use titanium rods as carriers and are coated with metal oxides as anode materials.

[0004] First, in order to protect the entire inner liner surface, the electronic anode in the related art usually adopts the method of coating the entire surface of the titanium rod with metal oxide or coating the tip. The electronic anode with full surface coating of metal oxide is more expensive (especially when the inner liner is high), and the electronic anode with metal oxide coating at the tip is underprotected when the conductivity is low or the temperature is low. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an electronic anode and a water heater, which can optimize the protection effect of the electronic anode and take into account the production cost of the electronic anode.

[0006] To this end, the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic anode, comprising an anode body, wherein the anode body comprises a conductive carrier segment and a conductive carrier coating segment connected to each other; the conductive carrier segment comprises a bare conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier segments is one or more; the conductive carrier coating segment comprises a conductive carrier and a conductive coating attached to the outer surface of the conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier coating segments is one or more; the anode body is configured to be inserted into the inner tank of the water heater, the area of ​​the inner surface of the inner tank is S1, and the total surface area of ​​the anode body is S0, the units of S0 and S1 are the same, and S0 and S1 satisfy: S0≥7.5×10 -5 ×S1.

[0007] The electronic anode designed according to the above requirements is an optimized design based on the size of the inner tank, which can fully protect the inner tank, and does not require a conductive coating to fully cover the conductive carrier, thereby optimizing the protection effect of the electronic anode on the inner tank and taking into account the production cost of the electronic anode. Even for a large inner tank, a single electronic anode can be used to meet the overall anti-corrosion protection effect of the inner tank without the need to set up two or more electronic anodes, thereby reducing the number of electronic anode interfaces reserved for the inner tank and the number of electronic anode electrical control structures reserved for the mainboard, simplifying the electrical control design and structural design of the water heater.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present application can also be improved as follows.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the total surface area of ​​the conductive carrier coating segment is S2, the units of S2 and S1 are the same, and S2 and S1 satisfy: S2 ≥ 7.5 × 10 -5 ×S1.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the anode body is cylindrical, the total length of the conductive carrier coating section is ls, and the diameter is d; the diameter of the inner shell is D, and the axial height is H; the units of ls, d, D, and H are the same, and ls, d, D, and H satisfy:

[0011] d×ls≥3.75×10 -5 ×(2×D×H+D 2 ).

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the units of ls, d, D, and H are m, and ls, d, D, and H satisfy: ls ≥ 7.5 × 10 -3 ×(2×D×H+D 2 ), and d≤5mm.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the conductive carrier segment and the conductive carrier coating segment are a split assembly structure; or, the conductive carrier segment and the conductive carrier coating segment are an integrally formed decoupled strand, and the conductive coating is arranged as a section or segments attached to the integrally formed structure, so that the anode body forms the conductive carrier segment and the conductive carrier coating segment.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic anode further includes: a supporting component, a sealing component and a wiring component; one end of the anode body is supported by the supporting component; the sealing component is connected to the supporting component and is configured to be sealed and connected to the inner tank of the water heater; the wiring component is electrically connected to the anode body and is configured to be electrically connected to the electronic control device of the electronic anode.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application also provides a water heater, comprising: an inner tank; and an electronic anode as described in any one of the above embodiments, inserted into the inner tank, and the anode body is located in the inner tank.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction of the inner container; or, the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the radial direction of the inner container.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the inner container is a symmetrical structure, and the inner container has a first symmetry plane and a second symmetry plane; the central axis of the inner container is located in the first symmetry plane and is perpendicular to the second symmetry plane;

[0018] Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction of the inner container: the distance between the anode body and the first symmetry plane is △d, the diameter of the inner container is D, the units of △d and D are the same, and △d and D satisfy: 0≤△d / D≤0.3;

[0019] Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the radial direction of the inner container: the distance between the anode body and the second symmetry plane is △h, the axial height of the inner container is H, the units of △h and H are the same, and △h and H satisfy: 0≤△h / H≤0.2.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment, based on the electronic anode being inserted into the inner tank along the axial height direction of the inner tank: the length of the anode body is L, the axial height of the inner tank is H, L and H have the same unit, and L and H satisfy: 0<L / H≤0.6; based on the electronic anode being inserted into the inner tank along the radial direction of the inner tank: the length of the anode body is L, the diameter of the inner tank is D, L and D have the same unit, and L and D satisfy: 0<L / D≤0.75.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, based on the axial height H of the inner pot being within a first setting range, the electron anode is inserted in the inner pot along the radial direction of the inner pot; based on the axial height H of the inner pot being within a second setting range, the electron anode is inserted in the inner pot along the axial height direction or radial direction of the inner pot; based on the axial height H of the inner pot being within a third setting range, the electron anode is inserted in the inner pot along the axial height direction of the inner pot; the height value of the first setting range>the height value of the second setting range>the height value of the third setting range.

[0022] In an exemplary embodiment, the first setting range is: 1400 mm<H≤1600 mm, the second setting range is 1000 mm≤H≤1400 mm, and the third setting range is 700 mm≤H<1000 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic anode provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic anode provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application, showing five positions (1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#) for detecting the protection potential of the outer wall of the inner tank;

[0034] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water heater provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0037] 1. Conductive carrier segment, 2. Conductive carrier coating segment, 3. Inner liner, 4. Support component, 5. Sealing component, 6. Wiring component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0039] The electronic anode in the related art has the following technical problems:

[0040] First, in order to protect the entire inner liner surface, the electronic anode in the related art usually adopts the method of coating the entire surface of the titanium rod with metal oxide or coating the tip. The electronic anode with full surface coating of metal oxide is more expensive (especially when the inner liner is high), and the electronic anode with metal oxide coating at the tip is underprotected when the conductivity is low or the temperature is low.

[0041] Secondly, due to the different heights, diameters and areas of the water heater inner tank, the placement requirements for the electronic anode are different, and the parameter requirements for the electronic anode are different (length, diameter, length of the metal oxide coating). At the same time, if the length of the electronic anode is too long or too short, and the area of ​​the oxide coating is too large or too small, the inner tank may be partially under-protected or over-protected, thereby affecting the overall anti-corrosion protection effect of the inner tank.

[0042] Thirdly, for large-sized inner tanks, in order to achieve anti-corrosion protection, two electronic anodes are used, which has high requirements for structural design and electronic control design and high cost.

[0043] Therefore, it is necessary to seek a solution for the electronic anode protection effect of the inner tank structure of the water heater.

[0044] For this reason, Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic anode, including an anode body, which is a part inserted into the inner tank 3 of the water heater. The electronic anode may also include: a support component 4, a sealing component 5, a wiring component 6 and other structures. One end of the anode body is supported by the support component 4. The sealing component 5 is connected to the support component 4 and is configured to be sealed and connected to the inner tank 3 of the water heater. The wiring component 6 is electrically connected to the anode body and is configured to be electrically connected to the electronic control device of the electronic anode. The sealing component 5 can be connected to the inner tank 3 by means of threaded connection and the like to achieve a sealing effect. The wiring component 6 can be, but is not limited to, a terminal.

[0045] The anode body comprises a conductive support segment 1 and a conductive support coating segment 2 connected to each other, such as Figure 1 to Figure 2 The anode body is arranged to extend in a straight line direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0046] The conductive carrier segment 1 includes a bare conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier segments 1 is one or more. The conductive carrier coating segment 2 includes a conductive carrier and a conductive coating attached to the outer surface of the conductive carrier. The number of the conductive carrier coating segments 2 is one or more. The conductive coating can be a metal oxide coating, which has high conductivity and corrosion resistance, such as a ruthenium coating, an iridium coating, a tantalum coating, etc., or a mixture of oxides of metals such as ruthenium, iridium, and titanium. The conductive coating can be an MMO (Mixed Metal Oxide) coating. The conductive carrier can be a corrosion-resistant metal carrier, such as titanium. The conductive coating can enhance the protective effect of the anode body on the inner liner 3 and protect the conductive carrier.

[0047] Therefore, the conductive carrier segment 1 is in direct contact with the liquid in the inner tank 3 of the water heater. The conductive carrier in the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is covered by the conductive coating and is not in contact with the liquid in the inner tank 3, but the conductive coating is in contact with the liquid in the inner tank 3. Moreover, the conductive coating does not cover the entire conductive carrier, but covers a portion of the conductive carrier, which may be a one-stage covering, such as Figures 5 to 8 , Fig.10 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown (the number of the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is one, and the number of the conductive carrier segment 1 is one or more), it can also be segmented coverage, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.11 As shown, (the number of the conductive carrier coating segments 2 is multiple, and the number of the conductive carrier segments 1 is one or more). One of the conductive carrier coating segments 2 is located at one end of the anode body away from the support member 4.

[0048] The multi-stage coating of metal oxide coating has the following beneficial effects: when the electronic anode is powered on, the coated metal oxide coating can apply an anodic current, apply a cathodic current to the inner wall of the inner tank 3, and optimize the electric field distribution, thereby achieving a better anti-corrosion function of the inner tank 3. Compared with the solution in which the entire surface of the conductive carrier is covered with a conductive coating, this solution is conducive to reducing the production cost of the electronic anode. Compared with the solution in which only the tip of the conductive carrier is coated with a conductive coating, this solution is conducive to improving the protective effect of the electronic anode.

[0049] When the electronic anode is used for protection, the anode current (denoted as I 阳极 ) is greater than or equal to the cathode current required by the inner tank 3 (denoted as I 阴极 ) in order to fully protect the inner liner 3, that is, it is necessary to meet the following requirements: I 阳极 ≥I阴极 .

[0050] Among them, I 阳极 =i 阳极 ×A 阳极 , I 阴极 =i 阴极 ×A 阴极 .i 阳极 is the current density at the anode, A 阳极 is the area of ​​the anode (i.e., the total surface area of ​​the anode body S0). 阴极 is the cathode current density, A 阴极 is the area of ​​the cathode (ie, the area S1 of the inner surface of the inner container 3).

[0051] Therefore, 阳极 ×S0≥i 阴极 ×S1, so S0≥i 阴极 / i 阳极 ×S1.

[0052] From the polarization curve of bare steel under typical working water quality and temperature conditions, it can be seen that its self-corrosion current density is ≤60mA / m 2 , which represents the corrosion rate of the enamel tank 3 when the enamel layer is completely detached. Considering the effectiveness, protection efficiency and economy of impressed current cathodic protection, standard QBT2590-2021 "Enamel Parts of Storage Water Heaters" stipulates that i 保护 ≤22.5mA / m 2 . Experimental measurements show that the protection current values ​​of many models are lower. 保护 ≤15mA / m 2 Considering the protection effectiveness of the inner liner 3 during actual use, the inventor of the present application optimized the design of the electronic anode according to the standard, i 阴极 =22.5mA / m 2 .

[0053] According to the technical requirements of GB / T 7388-1999 "Technical Specifications for Marine Auxiliary Anodes", the rated working current density of metal oxide anodes is 600A / m 2 In order to extend the service life of the electronic anode, it is not recommended to operate it for a long time at the rated working current density. In order to achieve reliable operation of the inner tank 3, the inventor of this application designed it according to 300A / m 2 Working current density design, i 阳极 =300A / m 2 , then i 阴极 / i 阳极 =7.5×10 -5 The final design requirements for the electronic anode are:

[0054] S0≥7.5×10-5 ×S1.

[0055] The electronic anode designed according to the above requirements is an optimized design based on the size of the inner tank 3, which can fully protect the inner tank 3, and does not require a conductive coating to fully cover the conductive carrier, thereby optimizing the protection effect of the electronic anode on the inner tank 3 and taking into account the production cost of the electronic anode. Even for a large-volume inner tank 3, a single electronic anode can be used to meet the overall anti-corrosion protection effect of the inner tank 3, without the need to set two or more electronic anodes, thereby reducing the number of electronic anode interfaces reserved for the inner tank 3 and the number of electronic anode electrical control structures reserved for the mainboard, thereby simplifying the electrical control design and structural design of the water heater.

[0056] In some exemplary embodiments, the total surface area of ​​the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is S2, and the units of S2 and S1 are the same (for example, both are m 2 ), S2 and S1 satisfy: S2 ≥ 7.5 × 10 -5 ×S1.

[0057] As mentioned above, the conductive coating can enhance the protective effect of the anode body on the inner liner 3 and protect the conductive carrier. Therefore, compared with the conductive carrier segment 1, the conductive carrier coating segment 2 has a stronger conductivity. When S2 and S1 meet i 阳极 ×S2≥i 阴极 ×S1, it indicates that the protective performance of the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is sufficient to meet the protection requirements of the entire inner liner 3, which is beneficial to further optimize the protective effect of the electronic anode on the inner liner 3.

[0058] According to 阳极 ×S2≥i 阴极 ×S1: S2≥i 阴极 / i 阳极 ×S1, while i 阴极 / i 阳极 =7.5×10 -5 , so S2≥7.5×10 -5 ×S1.

[0059] In some exemplary embodiments, the anode body is cylindrical. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the total length of the conductive carrier coating section 2 is ls, and the diameter is d; the diameter of the inner shell 3 is D, and the axial height is H; the units of ls, d, D, and H are the same (for example, all are m). ls, d, D, and H satisfy:

[0060] ls ≥ 7.5 × 10 -3 ×(2×D×H+D 2 ).

[0061] Since the anode body is usually a slender structure, the area of ​​the outer wall is much larger than the area of ​​the end wall. Therefore, the total area of ​​the conductive carrier coating section 2 can be approximately equal to the total area of ​​the outer wall of the conductive carrier coating section 2, so S2 = π × d × ls. The shape of the inner tank 3 can be approximately cylindrical, so the total area of ​​the inner surface of the inner tank 3 S1 = π × D × H + 2π × (D / 2) 2 . As titanium rods are expensive and considering the actual protection effect, the diameter of the anode body of the electronic anode generally used is d≤5mm, for example, 0.5mm≤d≤5mm, such as 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc. Since the thickness of the conductive coating is very thin, the anode body can be considered as an equal diameter structure, that is, the diameters of the conductive carrier segment 1 and the conductive carrier coating segment 2 are equal.

[0062] According to 阳极 ×S2≥i 阴极 ×S1 we can get:

[0063] i 阳极 ×π×d×ls≥i 阴极 ×[π×D×H+2π×(D / 2) 2 ],

[0064] That is, d×ls≥[i 阴极 ×(2×D×H+D 2 )] / (2×i 阳极 ),

[0065] That is, d×ls ≥ 3.75×10 -5 ×(2×D×H+D 2 );

[0066] Calculating with d as 5 mm, we can get:

[0067] ls ≥ 7.5 × 10 -3 ×(2×D×H+D 2 ), where the units of ls, D, and H are all m.

[0068] The lengths of the conductive carrier coating segments 2 may be the same or different. The number of conductive carrier coating segments 2 is recorded as n segments, and the length of the i-th conductive coating segment is recorded as li.

[0069] Of course, the shape of the anode body is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may also be a sheet-like structure or a rectangular rod-like structure.

[0070] Of course, the shape of the inner liner 3 is not limited to a cylindrical shape. For example, it may include a cylindrical main body, spherical or spherical end caps at both ends, and the axial height H of the inner liner 3 includes the entire axial height of the inner liner 3 including the non-cylindrical end caps.

[0071] In some exemplary embodiments, the diameter d of the anode body is ≤ 5 mm. This is beneficial to reducing costs on the one hand, and on the other hand, based on the requirement for the minimum value S2 of the electronic anode metal oxide coating area, when the diameter d of the anode body is small, the total length ls of the conductive carrier coating segment 2 can be larger. The total length ls of the conductive carrier coating segment 2 contributes much more to the protection range than the diameter d, so a larger total length ls of the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is more conducive to generating a larger protection range.

[0072] In some exemplary embodiments, ls / L≤85%, that is, the total length ls of the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is less than or equal to 85% of the total length L of the anode body, which can achieve the purpose of cost optimization.

[0073] In some exemplary embodiments, the conductive carrier segment 1 and the conductive carrier coating segment 2 are separately assembled structures.

[0074] For example, the conductive carrier segment 1 and the conductive carrier coating segment 2 can be produced separately and then connected together by welding or the like.

[0075] In some exemplary embodiments, there are multiple conductive carrier segments 1 and multiple conductive carrier coating segments 2, and the conductive carrier segments 1 and the conductive carrier coating segments 2 are alternately arranged. The lengths of the multiple conductive carrier segments 1 can be equal or unequal, and the lengths of the multiple conductive carrier coating segments 2 can be equal or unequal.

[0076] In some exemplary embodiments, the number or length of the conductive carrier coating segments 2 tends to increase along the direction from the installation position of the anode body on the inner wall of the inner container 3 to the inner container 3. In other words, the farther away from the installation position of the anode body on the inner container 3, the greater the number or length of the conductive carrier coating segments 2. This is conducive to enhancing the protection of the side of the inner container 3 opposite to the above-mentioned installation position.

[0077] In other exemplary embodiments, the conductive carrier of the conductive carrier segment 1 and the conductive carrier coating segment 2 is an integrally formed structure, and the conductive coating is arranged in one section or segments and attached to the integrally formed cover structure, so that the anode body forms the conductive carrier segment 1 and the conductive carrier coating segment 2.

[0078] For example: first produce a titanium rod, and then set a conductive coating on the titanium rod. It can be a one-stage coating or a segmented coating. The part covered with the conductive coating is the conductive carrier coating segment 2, and the part not covered with the conductive coating is the exposed conductive carrier segment 1.

[0079] The present application also provides a water heater, such as Figures 3 to 13As shown, it comprises: an inner liner 3 and an electronic anode as in any one of the above embodiments. The electronic anode is inserted into the inner liner 3, and the anode body is located in the inner liner 3.

[0080] The water heater provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the electronic anode of any one of the above embodiments, and thus has all the above beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0081] In some exemplary embodiments, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container 3 along the axial height direction of the inner container 3, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the length direction of the electron anode is consistent with the axial height direction of the inner container 3. This insertion method can be called vertical insertion.

[0082] In other exemplary embodiments, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container 3 along the radial direction of the inner container 3, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the length direction of the electron anode is consistent with the radial direction of the inner container 3. This insertion method can be called horizontal insertion.

[0083] Among them, horizontal insertion and vertical insertion are based on the axial and radial directions of the inner liner 3 itself, and have nothing to do with the placement of the inner liner 3. When inserted horizontally, it is inserted along the radial direction of the inner liner 3, and when inserted vertically, it is inserted along the axial direction of the inner liner 3. Whether the inner liner 3 is placed horizontally or vertically, the axial height direction of the inner liner 3 is the extension direction of the central axis of the inner liner 3, and the radial direction of the inner liner 3 is the extension direction of the diameter of the inner liner 3. Therefore, when the inner liner 3 is placed vertically, the electronic anode extends in the vertical direction when inserted vertically, and extends in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the inner liner 3 when inserted horizontally. When the inner liner 3 is placed horizontally, the electronic anode extends in the horizontal direction when inserted vertically, and extends in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the inner liner 3 when inserted horizontally.

[0084] In some exemplary embodiments, the inner liner 3 is a symmetrical structure, and the inner liner 3 has a first symmetry plane and a second symmetry plane; the central axis of the inner liner 3 is located in the first symmetry plane and is perpendicular to the second symmetry plane.

[0085] Based on the consideration of protecting the uniform distribution of the electric field, the electronic anode is preferably installed at a symmetrical position of the inner liner 3 during installation, that is, when inserted vertically, it is inserted into the inner liner 3 along the first symmetry plane (such as Figure 5 When inserted horizontally, the inner liner 3 is inserted along the second symmetry plane (as shown in Figure 6 shown).

[0086] However, when there are external structural restrictions or internal structural interference, the installation position of the electronic anode may deviate from the symmetrical position, e.g. Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the insertion position needs to be optimized according to the axial height H of the inner liner 3, the diameter D of the inner liner 3 and the structure of the inner liner 3, so that its protection potential value (i.e., the power-off potential value on the surface of the inner liner 3) is within the range of -850mV to -1150mV (vs. SCE, i.e., relative to the standard comparison electrode SCE) to ensure effective protection of the inner liner 3.

[0087] When the electron anode is inserted in the height direction, it is referred to as vertical insertion. Figure 7 As shown, based on the electronic anode being inserted into the inner tank 3 along the axial height direction of the inner tank 3: the distance between the anode body and the first symmetry plane is △d, the diameter of the inner tank 3 is D, the units of △d and D are the same (for example, both are m), then the eccentricity of the vertical insertion is α1=△d / D.

[0088] When the insertion direction of the electron anode is the diameter direction, it is referred to as horizontal insertion. Figure 8 As shown, based on the electronic anode being inserted into the inner tank 3 along the radial direction of the inner tank 3: the distance between the anode body and the second symmetry plane is △h, the axial height of the inner tank 3 is H, △h and H have the same unit (for example, both are m), then the eccentricity of the horizontal insertion is α2=△h / H.

[0089] If the eccentricity is too high, the part of the inner tank 3 far from the electron anode will be under-protected and prone to rust; the part of the inner tank 3 close to the electron anode will be over-protected, hydrogen will be released, and there is a risk of explosion. Therefore, a reasonable limit value needs to be set for the eccentricity α.

[0090] Through research, it is determined that when the eccentricity ratios during vertical and horizontal insertion meet the following requirements, the inner liner 3 can be fully protected, which is beneficial to avoiding partial under-protection and over-protection:

[0091] When inserted vertically, △d and D satisfy: 0≤α1≤0.3, that is: 0≤△d / D≤0.3, such as 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, etc. When inserted horizontally, △h and H satisfy: 0≤α2≤0.2, that is: 0≤△h / H≤0.2, such as 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, etc.

[0092] Of course, α1 is not limited to the above range and can be adjusted as needed.

[0093] In some exemplary embodiments, the insertion position of the electronic anode will affect the electric field inside the inner liner 3, and therefore has a significant impact on the anti-corrosion effect of the inner liner 3. When designing the electronic anode according to the structure of the inner liner 3, the positional relationship between the two needs to be considered. The insertion ratio β of the electronic anode refers to the ratio of the total length L of the anode body to the size of the inner liner 3. When inserted vertically, the insertion ratio β1 of the electronic anode is: the ratio of the total length L of the anode body to the height H of the inner liner 3, that is, β1 = L / H. When inserted horizontally, the insertion ratio β2 of the electronic anode is: the ratio of the total length L of the anode body to the diameter D of the inner liner 3, that is, β2 = L / D.

[0094] When the insertion ratio β of the electronic anode is too large, the electronic anode titanium rod is too long and the cost is high; when β is too low, the local area of ​​the inner liner 3 far away from the electronic anode is underprotected, affecting the anti-corrosion effect of the inner liner 3, so β ​​needs to be reasonably designed.

[0095] After research, it was determined that the insertion ratio of the electronic anode during vertical and horizontal insertion meets the following requirements, which can take into account both the cost of the electronic anode and the anti-corrosion effect on the inner tank 3, avoid partial under-protection of the inner tank 3, and help avoid partial under-protection and over-protection:

[0096] Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner tank 3 along the axial height direction of the inner tank 3 (vertical insertion): the length of the anode body is L, the axial height of the inner tank 3 is H, L and H have the same unit, L and H satisfy: 0<L / H≤0.6, that is, 0<β1≤0.6, such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, etc.

[0097] Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner liner 3 along the radial direction of the inner liner 3 (horizontally inserted): the length of the anode body is L, the diameter of the inner liner 3 is D, L and D have the same unit, and L and D satisfy: 0<L / D≤0.75, that is, 0<β2≤0.75, such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.75, etc.

[0098] In some exemplary embodiments, based on the axial height H of the inner liner 3 being within a first set range, the electron anode is inserted into the inner liner 3 along the radial direction of the inner liner 3 .

[0099] Based on the axial height H of the inner container 3 being within the second setting range, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container 3 along the axial height direction or radial direction of the inner container 3 .

[0100] Based on the axial height H of the inner container 3 being within the third setting range, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container 3 along the axial height direction of the inner container 3 .

[0101] The height value of the first setting range>the height value of the second setting range>the height value of the third setting range.

[0102] In other words, when the axial height of the inner liner 3 is too high, the electronic anode is preferably inserted horizontally, because when the axial height of the inner liner 3 is too high, the electric heating element is usually inserted horizontally, so the electronic anode is also inserted horizontally to avoid interference with the electric heating element. When the axial height of the inner liner 3 is too low, the electronic anode is preferably inserted vertically, because when the axial height of the inner liner 3 is too low, the electric heating element is usually inserted vertically, so the electronic anode is also inserted vertically to avoid interference with the electric heating element, and a flange is usually provided on the top of the inner liner 3 to install various parts. At this time, only one hole needs to be added to the flange to install the electronic anode, which is conducive to simplifying the installation structure of the electronic anode. When the axial height of the inner liner 3 is moderate, the electronic anode can be inserted horizontally or vertically.

[0103] The first setting range may be, but is not limited to, 1400 mm < H ≤ 1600 mm, the second setting range may be, but is not limited to, 1000 mm ≤ H ≤ 1400 mm, and the third setting range may be, but is not limited to, 700 mm ≤ H < 1000 mm.

[0104] Two groups of embodiments are described below. The first group is an embodiment in which the electronic anode is inserted vertically, and the second group is an embodiment in which the electronic anode is inserted horizontally.

[0105] 1) Single electronic anode vertical insertion to achieve large volume liner 3 protection solution

[0106] This group of embodiments includes four embodiments, in which the number of the conductive carrier coating segments of two embodiments is 2 (i.e., the number of coating segments is 2 segments, and the lengths of the two segments are respectively 180 mm for the tip portion and 30 mm for the non-tip portion), as Fig. 9 As shown, the difference lies in the different eccentricity α1 and insertion ratio β1; the number of conductive carrier coating segments 2 in the other two embodiments is one segment, such as Fig.10 As shown, the difference lies in the eccentricity α1 and the insertion ratio β1. Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of applying two-stage metal oxide coating to the surface of a single-electron anode. Fig.10 Schematic diagram of applying a metal oxide coating to the tip of an electron anode surface. Fig.11 The schematic diagram of five different positions (positions 1# to 5#) of the protective potential of the outer wall of the inner tank 3 in this group of embodiments is shown, and the results in the following Table 1 are obtained. Among them, the units of ls, d, D, and H are all mm. The units of the protective potential measured at positions 1# to 5# are all mV.

[0107] Table 1 Protection potential of electronic anode for large volume inner tank 3 (vs. SCE)

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] 2) Single electronic anode horizontal insertion to achieve large volume liner 3 protection solution

[0111] This group of embodiments includes two embodiments, in which the number of the conductive carrier coating segments 2 (ie, the number of coating segments) is one segment, and the difference lies in the different eccentricities α2. Fig.12 , Fig.13 3 protection schemes for the inner tank with horizontally inserted electronic anodes. Fig.11 The schematic diagram of five different positions (positions 1# to 5#) of the protective potential of the outer wall of the inner tank 3 in this group of embodiments is shown, and the results in Table 2 below are obtained. Among them, the units of ls, d, D, and H are all mm. The units of the protective potential measured at positions 1# to 5# are all mV.

[0112] Table 2 Protection potential of electronic anode for large volume inner tank 3 (vs. SCE)

[0113]

[0114] It can be seen from the experimental results of the above embodiments that the protection potential of the inner tank 3 is within the range of -850mV to -1150mV. Therefore, the electronic anode provided in the embodiment of the present application, a single electronic anode can play a comprehensive protective role for the inner tank 3. In addition, the electronic anode is coated with a metal oxide coating on the surface of the titanium rod, and a single or multiple coating can be performed on the same titanium rod. The benefits of multi-stage coating of metal oxide coating: when the electronic anode is energized, the coated metal oxide coating can apply an anodic current, and at the same time, a cathode current is applied to the inner wall of the inner tank 3, and the electric field distribution is optimized, thereby achieving a better anti-corrosion function of the inner tank 3. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present technical solution has the advantages of optimized protection effect, low cost, simplified structural design and electrical control design. By adopting the electronic anode of the embodiment of the present application, the inner tank 3 of the water heater can be more effectively protected, anti-corrosion can be achieved, the service life of the water heater can be extended, and the quality of the water heater can be improved.

[0115] In summary, the electronic anode and water heater provided in the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0116] 1) Optimizing the protection effect: By coating a metal oxide coating on the titanium rod of the electronic anode in one section or in sections and optimizing the installation position and insertion ratio of the electronic anode, the position of applying the external protection current can be optimized. It is recommended that the coated part be at least 5 cm away from the metal conductor. This can effectively protect the inner liner, especially the large-volume inner liner, avoid over-protection or under-protection, extend the corrosion resistance life of the inner liner, and thus optimize the protection effect.

[0117] 2) Reduce costs: Metal oxide coatings are expensive (accounting for 50% of the cost), and segmented coating can reduce the coating amount by about 25%, while meeting the needs of protecting the inner tank from corrosion and reducing the manufacturing cost of the electronic anode.

[0118] 3) Simplified design: The large inner tank is protected by only a single electronic anode, which reduces the number of electronic anode interfaces reserved for the inner tank and the number of electronic anode electronic control structures reserved for the mainboard, and simplifies both the electronic control design and the structural design.

[0119] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0120] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0121] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0122] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0123] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0124] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic anode, It is characterized in that include: an anode body, the anode body comprising a conductive carrier segment and a conductive carrier coating segment connected to each other; the conductive carrier segment comprises a bare conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier segments is one or more; the conductive carrier coating segment comprises a conductive carrier and a conductive coating attached to the outer surface of the conductive carrier, and the number of the conductive carrier coating segment is one or more; The anode body is configured to be inserted into the inner tank of the water heater, the inner surface area of ​​the inner tank is S1, the total surface area of ​​the anode body is S0, the units of S0 and S1 are the same, and S0 and S1 satisfy: S0≥7.5×10 -5 ×S1。 2. The electronic anode according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The total surface area of ​​the conductive carrier coating segment is S2, and the units of S2 and S1 are the same, and S2 and S1 satisfy: S2≥7.5×10 -5 ×S1。 3. The electronic anode according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The anode body is cylindrical, the total length of the conductive carrier coating section is ls, and the diameter is d; the diameter of the inner shell is D, and the axial height is H; the units of ls, d, D, and H are the same, and ls, d, D, and H satisfy: d×ls≥3.75×10 -5 ×(2×D×H+D 2 )。 4. The electronic anode according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The unit of ls, d, D, and H is m, and ls, d, D, and H satisfy: ls ≥ 7.5 × 10 -3 ×(2×D×H+D 2 ), and d≤5mm.

5. The electronic anode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The conductive carrier segment and the conductive carrier coating segment are a split assembly structure; or The conductive carrier of the conductive carrier segment and the conductive carrier coating segment is an integrally formed structure, and the conductive coating is arranged in one section or in sections and attached to the integrally formed structure, so that the anode body forms the conductive carrier segment and the conductive carrier coating segment.

6. The electronic anode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that Also includes: A supporting component, a sealing component and a wiring component; one end of the anode body is supported by the supporting component; the sealing component is connected to the supporting component and is configured to be sealed and connected to the inner tank of the water heater; the wiring component is electrically connected to the anode body and is configured to be electrically connected to the electronic control device of the electronic anode.

7. A water heater, It is characterized in that include: Liner; and The electronic anode according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is inserted into the inner container, and the anode body is located in the inner container.

8. The water heater according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction of the inner container; or The electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the radial direction of the inner container.

9. The water heater according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The inner container is a symmetrical structure, and has a first symmetry plane and a second symmetry plane; the central axis of the inner container is located in the first symmetry plane and is perpendicular to the second symmetry plane; Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction of the inner container: the distance between the anode body and the first symmetry plane is △d, the diameter of the inner container is D, the units of △d and D are the same, and △d and D satisfy: 0≤△d / D≤0.3; Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the radial direction of the inner container: the distance between the anode body and the second symmetry plane is △h, the axial height of the inner container is H, the units of △h and H are the same, and △h and H satisfy: 0≤△h / H≤0.

2.

10. The water heater according to claim 8, It is characterized in that Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction of the inner container: the length of the anode body is L, the axial height of the inner container is H, the units of L and H are the same, and L and H satisfy: 0<L / H≤0.6; Based on the fact that the electronic anode is inserted into the inner container along the radial direction of the inner container: the length of the anode body is L, the diameter of the inner container is D, the units of L and D are the same, and L and D satisfy: 0<L / D≤0.

75.

11. The water heater according to any one of claims 8 to 10, It is characterized in that Based on the axial height H of the inner container being within a first set range, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container along the radial direction of the inner container; Based on the axial height H of the inner container being within a second set range, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction or radial direction of the inner container; Based on the axial height H of the inner container being within a third setting range, the electron anode is inserted into the inner container along the axial height direction of the inner container; The height value of the first setting range>the height value of the second setting range>the height value of the third setting range.

12. The water heater according to claim 11, It is characterized in that The first setting range is: 1400mm<H≤1600mm, the second setting range is 1000mm≤H≤1400mm, and the third setting range is 700mm≤H<1000mm.

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