Self-loading rock mass deformation in-situ test device and method for measuring rock mass deformation parameters

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-loading rock mass deformation in-situ test device and a method for measuring rock mass deformation parameters. The self-loading rock mass deformation in-situ test device comprises a center opening pressure bearing plate, a hollow jack, an anchor rod, a wedge-shaped clamping piece, an electro-hydraulic servo oil pump, a wireless displacement sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a hydraulic oil pipe, load required by a test is provided by restraining the hollow jack through the anchor rod anchored in the rock mass, and the data acquisition instrument is used for controlling the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump and the wireless displacement sensor to realize automatic loading and unloading and rock mass deformation data acquisition and storage. According to the invention, the portability of rock mass deformation test equipment is greatly improved, the test cost, the installation difficulty and the safety risk are reduced, the influence of the rock mass deformation test on the engineering construction progress is solved to a greater extent, and the application range of the rock mass deformation test is expanded; meanwhile, manual errors in the processes of traditional deformation test loading and unloading, deformation data reading and the like are eliminated, and the test accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of in-situ testing of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a self-supporting in-situ testing device for rock mass deformation and a method for measuring rock mass deformation parameters. Background Art

[0002] Rock deformation parameters are one of the important indicators reflecting the mechanical properties of rock mass, and are also an important basis for the design and construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Currently, the commonly used methods for obtaining rock deformation parameters include pressure plate test, borehole radial pressure test, tunnel hydraulic pillow radial pressure test, etc. The test equipment of these methods is relatively bulky and can only meet the test requirements of small-span caverns. At the same time, the test is time-consuming and labor-intensive, which often conflicts with construction conditions, construction period, project cost, etc. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-contained rock deformation in-situ test device and a method for measuring rock deformation parameters, which are accurate, fast, economical, safe, automatically loaded and unloaded, and automatically collect deformation data, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: a self-loaded rock deformation in-situ test device, including a central hole pressure plate, a hollow jack, an anchor rod, a wedge-shaped clip, an electro-hydraulic servo oil pump, a wireless displacement sensor, a data acquisition instrument, and a hydraulic oil pipe. The central hole pressure plate is placed at a pilot position, the hollow jack is pressed on the central hole pressure plate, the anchor rod passes through the hollow jack and the central hole pressure plate and is anchored inside the rock mass, the wedge-shaped clip is placed in the gap between the anchor rod and the hollow jack, so that the anchor rod anchored inside the rock mass constrains the hollow jack and provides the load required for the test, the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump is connected to the hollow jack through the hydraulic oil pipe, a plurality of wireless displacement sensors are symmetrically installed on the central hole pressure plate, the data acquisition instrument is respectively connected to the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump and the wireless displacement sensor by wireless means, and the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump is controlled to realize automatic loading and unloading and to collect and store the rock deformation data measured by the wireless displacement sensor.

[0005] The wireless displacement sensor is symmetrically mounted on the central opening pressure plate through a measuring table bracket and a magnetic table base.

[0006] The central hole pressure plate is a rigid pressure plate with a hole drilled in the center having the same diameter as the anchor rod.

[0007] The hollow jack is a jack that is hollow in the middle, the hollow diameter is slightly larger than the anchor rod diameter, and the measuring range meets the maximum load requirement of the test.

[0008] The anchor rod is a mechanical anchor rod, and the anchoring length of the anchor rod meets the maximum load requirement of the test.

[0009] The wedge-shaped clip is a steel sheet processed from steel according to the difference between the hollow diameter of the hollow jack and the diameter of the anchor rod. It is thin at the bottom and thick at the top and is used to fix the anchor rod so that the anchor rod constrains the hollow jack.

[0010] A method for measuring rock deformation parameters by using the self-loaded rock deformation in-situ test device, which provides the load required for the test by constraining the hollow jack through anchor rods anchored inside the rock mass, and controls the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump and the wireless displacement sensor through a data acquisition instrument to realize automatic loading and unloading and rock deformation data acquisition and storage, including the following steps:

[0011] S1 Clean up the loose rock mass on the surface of the pilot and manually chisel the pilot plane;

[0012] S2 drills a hole in the center of the pilot rock mass, and the drilling depth meets the anchor length requirement of the anchor bolt;

[0013] S3 anchors the anchor rod inside the drill hole;

[0014] S4 Spread a thin layer of mortar on the pilot surface, and pass the central opening bearing plate through the anchor rod to make close contact with the mortar;

[0015] S5 places the hollow jack through the anchor rod in front of the central opening pressure plate;

[0016] S6 Place a pair of wedge-shaped clips in the gap between the hollow jack and the anchor rod, and hammer the clips hard to make them in close contact with the hollow jack and the anchor rod;

[0017] S7 connects the hollow jack and the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump through a high-pressure oil pipe;

[0018] S8 has two measuring meter brackets symmetrically installed on both sides of the central opening pressure plate, and four magnetic meter holders are placed on the measuring meter brackets;

[0019] S9 adjusts the magnetic base so that the four wireless displacement sensors are symmetrically arranged on the pressure plate with the central opening;

[0020] S10 inputs the load size of each level into the data acquisition instrument according to the test load. The data acquisition instrument controls the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump to automatically load and unload according to the pre-input load of each level. At the same time, the wireless displacement sensor automatically collects the rock deformation data under each load level and transmits it wirelessly to the data acquisition instrument.

[0021] After the S11 test is completed, copy the test data from the data acquisition instrument for data analysis and results collation.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) Compared with traditional deformation test equipment weighing four to five hundred kilograms, the self-contained rock deformation in-situ test device weighs only a few dozen kilograms, which greatly improves the portability of the test equipment and reduces the test cost, installation difficulty and safety risk.

[0024] (2) The test method has low requirements for the test site. Generally, only a test area of ​​about 1 square meter is required. At the same time, it is not limited by the span of the cavern and the direction of the load. The test can be carried out at the top plate, side wall, bottom plate and other locations of the cavern with any span, which expands the application scenarios of the rock deformation test and largely solves the impact of the on-site rock deformation test on the progress of engineering construction.

[0025] (3) The test method can realize automatic loading, unloading and recording of rock deformation data, which greatly reduces the labor cost and test difficulty. At the same time, it eliminates the human errors in the loading and unloading and deformation data reading processes of traditional deformation tests, and improves the test accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the self-supporting rock mass deformation in-situ test device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a side view of the self-supporting rock deformation in-situ testing device of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, 1-drilling hole; 2-anchor rod; 3-center opening pressure plate; 4-wireless displacement sensor; 5-hollow jack; 6-data acquisition instrument; 7-electro-hydraulic servo oil pump; 8-hydraulic oil pipe; 9-wedge-shaped clamp; 10-meter bracket; 11-magnetic meter base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “middle”, “lower”, “inside”, “outside”, and “both sides” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the self-loaded rock deformation in-situ test device of the present invention includes a central opening pressure plate 3, a hollow jack 5, an anchor rod 2, a wedge-shaped clip 9, a JCQ-800 electro-hydraulic servo oil pump 7, a JCQ-650 wireless displacement sensor 4, a JCQ-503BS data acquisition instrument 6, a measuring meter bracket 10, a magnetic meter holder 11, and a hydraulic oil pipe 8.

[0033] The central hole pressure plate 3 is placed at the pilot position, the hollow jack 5 is pressed on the central hole pressure plate 3, the anchor rod passes through the hollow jack 5 and the central hole pressure plate 3 and is anchored inside the rock mass, the wedge-shaped clip 9 is placed in the gap between the anchor rod 2 and the hollow jack 5, the JCQ-800 electro-hydraulic servo oil pump 7 is connected to the hollow jack 5 through the hydraulic oil pipe 8, the JCQ-650 wireless displacement sensor 4 is symmetrically installed on the central hole pressure plate 3 through the measuring meter bracket 10 and the magnetic meter seat 11, and the JCQ-503BS data acquisition instrument 6 is respectively connected to the JCQ-800 electro-hydraulic servo oil pump 7 and the JCQ-650 wireless displacement sensor 4 by wireless means.

[0034] The center-opening pressure plate 3 is a traditional rigid pressure plate with a hole drilled in the center having the same diameter as the anchor rod 2;

[0035] The hollow jack 5 is a jack with a hollow center, and the hollow diameter needs to be slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor rod 2, and the measuring range meets the maximum load requirements of the test;

[0036] The anchor rod 2 is a mechanical anchor rod, and the anchor rod anchoring length meets the maximum load requirement of the test;

[0037] The wedge-shaped clip 9 is a steel sheet processed from steel according to the difference between the hollow diameter of the hollow jack and the diameter of the anchor rod, which is thin at the bottom and thick at the top, and is used to fix the anchor rod so that the anchor rod constrains the hollow jack;

[0038] The JCQ-800 electro-hydraulic servo oil pump can be controlled by a data collector to achieve automatic loading and unloading;

[0039] The JCQ-650 wireless displacement sensor can automatically collect rock deformation data under each load level through the control of the data acquisition instrument, and send it to the data acquisition instrument through wireless transmission;

[0040] The JCQ-503BS data acquisition instrument can control the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump and the wireless displacement sensor through the data acquisition software to realize automatic loading and unloading and deformation data acquisition under each level of load;

[0041] The meter support 10 is a 1.5-meter-long I-beam fixed outside the influence range of the deformation test;

[0042] The magnetic meter base 11 is a universal universal meter base, fixed on the meter bracket;

[0043] The hydraulic oil pipe is used to connect the hollow jack and the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump;

[0044] A method for measuring rock deformation parameters by using the self-loaded rock deformation in-situ test device, providing the load required for the test by constraining the hollow jack through the anchor rods anchored inside the rock body, controlling the JCQ-800 electro-hydraulic servo oil pump to accurately add and unload each level of load through the JCQ-503BS data acquisition instrument, recording the rock deformation under each level of load through the JCQ-650 wireless displacement sensor, and transmitting it to the data acquisition instrument in a wireless manner, so as to realize the automatic addition and unloading of the rock deformation test and the collection and storage of deformation data; the specific steps are as follows:

[0045] S1 Clean up the loose rock mass on the surface of the pilot and manually chisel the pilot plane;

[0046] S2 Drill a hole in the center of the pilot rock mass, and the drilling depth must meet the anchor length requirements;

[0047] S3 anchors the anchor rod inside the drill hole;

[0048] S4 Spread a thin layer of mortar on the pilot surface, and pass the central opening bearing plate through the anchor rod to make close contact with the mortar;

[0049] S5 places the hollow jack through the anchor rod in front of the central opening pressure plate;

[0050] S6 Place a pair of wedge-shaped clips in the gap between the hollow jack and the anchor rod, and hammer the clips hard to make them in close contact with the hollow jack and the anchor rod;

[0051] S7 connects the hollow jack and JCQ-800 electro-hydraulic servo oil pump through a high-pressure oil pipe;

[0052] S8 has two measuring meter brackets symmetrically installed on both sides of the central opening pressure plate, and four magnetic meter holders are placed on the measuring meter brackets;

[0053] S9 adjusts the magnetic table base so that the four JCQ-650 wireless displacement sensors are symmetrically arranged on the pressure plate with the central opening;

[0054] S10 inputs the load size of each level into the data acquisition instrument according to the test load. The data acquisition instrument controls the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump to automatically load and unload according to the pre-input load of each level. At the same time, the wireless displacement sensor automatically collects the rock deformation data under each load level and transmits it wirelessly to the data acquisition instrument.

[0055] After the S11 test is completed, copy the test data from the data acquisition instrument for data analysis and results collation.

[0056] The following is a further description of a pumped storage power station project using the technical solution of the present invention as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0057] A pumped storage power station has an installed capacity of 1200MW and a rated head of 298m. The power station hub project consists of an upper reservoir, a water delivery system, an underground plant and its ancillary buildings, a lower reservoir, etc. The water delivery system mainly consists of an upper reservoir inlet / outlet, a water diversion tunnel, a water diversion surge tank, a high-pressure pipeline, a tailwater tunnel, and a lower reservoir inlet / outlet. The total length of the water delivery line is 2434m. Due to the tight schedule and large workload of the project, in order to save on-site test time and test costs and improve test efficiency, the project adopted the self-loaded rock deformation in-situ test device and the method for measuring rock deformation parameters of the present invention.

[0058] The project arranged 5 groups of rock deformation tests in the PD01 adit, with the maximum test load of 6.0MPa, applied in 5 levels. Before the test, the loose rock mass on the surface of the test site was cleaned up, the test plane was manually chiseled flat, and then a hole was drilled in the center of the test site. Figures 1-2 The test device is installed as shown, anchoring the anchor rod 2 in the drill hole, spreading a thin layer of mortar on the test surface, passing the center opening pressure plate 3 on the anchor rod 2 so that it is in close contact with the mortar on the test surface, passing the hollow jack 5 on the anchor rod 2 and placing it in front of the center opening pressure plate 3, placing a pair of wedge-shaped clips 9 in the gap between the hollow jack 5 and the anchor rod 2, hammering the wedge-shaped clips 9 with force to tightly fix them to the hollow jack 5 and the anchor rod 2, connecting one end of the high-pressure oil pipe 8 to the hollow jack 5 and the other end to the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump 7, symmetrically installing two measuring meter brackets 10 on both sides of the center opening pressure plate 3, installing two magnetic meter holders 11 on each measuring meter bracket 10, and symmetrically fixing four wireless displacement sensors 4 on the center opening pressure plate 3 by adjusting the magnetic meter holders 11. After installing the test device, input the test loads of each level into the data acquisition instrument 6, click to start the test, and the data acquisition instrument 6 controls the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump 7 to automatically load and unload according to the input load. At the same time, the wireless displacement sensor 4 automatically collects and transmits the deformation data under each level of load to the data acquisition instrument 6;

[0059] After the test, the test data of the project was copied from the data acquisition instrument 6, and the data was processed according to the specification requirements. Finally, the deformation modulus of the five groups of rock masses of the project was obtained to be 2.75-4.89 MPa, with an average value of 3.63 MPa.

[0060] By adopting the above technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0061] (1) The self-contained in-situ rock deformation test device is lightweight and portable, which reduces the difficulty of installation and saves the time required for the test; (2) The method of measuring rock deformation parameters using the self-contained in-situ rock deformation test device can realize automatic loading and unloading and record deformation data, which greatly liberates manpower and reduces the test cost; (3) The self-contained in-situ rock deformation test device and the method of measuring rock deformation parameters have low requirements for the test site, which largely solves the impact of on-site rock tests on the progress of engineering construction.

[0062] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-supporting rock deformation in-situ test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a central opening pressure plate (3), a hollow jack (5), an anchor rod (2), a wedge-shaped clip (9), an electro-hydraulic servo oil pump (7), a wireless displacement sensor (4), a data acquisition instrument (6), and a hydraulic oil pipe (8). The central opening pressure plate (3) is placed at a pilot location, the hollow jack (5) is pressed on the central opening pressure plate (3), the anchor rod (2) passes through the hollow jack (5) and the central opening pressure plate (3) and is anchored inside the rock mass, and the wedge-shaped clip (9) is placed between the anchor rod (2) and the hollow jack (5). The hollow space between the rock and the hollow jack is formed by the anchor rods anchored in the rock mass to constrain the hollow jack and provide the load required for the test. The electro-hydraulic servo oil pump (7) is connected to the hollow jack through a hydraulic oil pipe. A plurality of wireless displacement sensors (4) are symmetrically installed on the central opening pressure plate (3). The data acquisition instrument (6) is respectively connected to the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump (7) and the wireless displacement sensor (4) through a wireless method to control the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump (7) to realize automatic loading and unloading and to collect and store the rock deformation data measured by the wireless displacement sensor (4).

2. The self-supporting rock deformation in-situ testing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wireless displacement sensor (4) is symmetrically mounted on the central opening pressure bearing plate (3) via a measuring meter bracket and a magnetic meter base.

3. The self-supporting rock deformation in-situ testing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central hole pressure bearing plate (3) is a rigid pressure bearing plate having a hole drilled in the center thereof with the same diameter as the anchor rod (2).

4. The self-supporting rock deformation in-situ testing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hollow jack (5) is a jack with a hollow center, the hollow diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the anchor rod (2), and the measuring range meets the maximum load requirement of the test.

5. The self-supporting rock deformation in-situ testing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor rod (2) is a mechanical anchor rod, and the anchoring length of the anchor rod meets the maximum load requirement of the test.

6. The self-supporting rock deformation in-situ testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped clip (9) is a steel sheet processed from steel according to the difference between the hollow diameter of the hollow jack and the diameter of the anchor rod, and is thin at the bottom and thick at the top, and is used to fix the anchor rod so that the anchor rod constrains the hollow jack.

7. A method for measuring rock deformation parameters using the self-supporting rock deformation in-situ test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The load required for the test is provided by the constraint of the hollow jack by the anchor rods anchored inside the rock mass, and the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump and the wireless displacement sensor are controlled by the data acquisition instrument to realize automatic loading and unloading and rock mass deformation data collection and storage, including the following steps: S1 Clean up the loose rock mass on the surface of the pilot and manually chisel the pilot plane; S2 drills a hole in the center of the pilot rock mass, and the drilling depth meets the anchor length requirement of the anchor bolt; S3 anchors the anchor rod inside the drill hole; S4 Spread a thin layer of mortar on the pilot surface, and pass the central opening bearing plate through the anchor rod to make close contact with the mortar; S5 places the hollow jack through the anchor rod in front of the central opening pressure plate; S6 Place a pair of wedge-shaped clips in the gap between the hollow jack and the anchor rod, and hammer the clips hard to make them in close contact with the hollow jack and the anchor rod; S7 connects the hollow jack and the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump through a high-pressure oil pipe; S8 has two measuring meter brackets symmetrically installed on both sides of the central opening pressure plate, and four magnetic meter holders are placed on the measuring meter brackets; S9 adjusts the magnetic base so that the four wireless displacement sensors are symmetrically arranged on the pressure plate with the central opening; S10 inputs the load size of each level into the data acquisition instrument according to the test load. The data acquisition instrument controls the electro-hydraulic servo oil pump to automatically load and unload according to the pre-input load of each level. At the same time, the wireless displacement sensor automatically collects the rock deformation data under each load level and transmits it wirelessly to the data acquisition instrument. After the S11 test is completed, copy the test data from the data acquisition instrument for data analysis and results collation.

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