Bore surface defect detection device based on machine vision

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine vision, and particularly discloses a bore surface defect detection device based on machine vision. An adjusting groove is formed in the middle of the top end of the base, a detection mechanism is jointly installed between the inner walls of the two sides of the adjusting groove, a supporting plate is installed on one side of the top end of the base, a movable plate is placed on the other side of the top end of the base, and fixing mechanisms are installed on the upper portions of the opposite faces of the supporting plate and the movable plate. A moving mechanism is mounted at the lower part of one end of the moving plate; the position of the detection frame can be moved through driving of the driver, equipment in the multiple adjusting mechanisms installed on the detection frame can comprehensively detect the bore surface defects, bore images can be collected and processed through an image processing algorithm, in addition, the positions of the multiple adjusting mechanisms can be adjusted in real time according to the size of a bore, and the detection accuracy is improved. Therefore, the detection requirements of bores with different calibers can be met, the application range is expanded, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of machine vision, and in particular relates to a gun bore surface defect detection device based on machine vision. Background Art

[0002] The bore refers to the interior of the gun barrel, which consists of a powder chamber, a ramp and a guide. During the shooting process, the bore will be scoured by high-temperature and high-pressure gunpowder gas, causing changes in the physical and chemical properties of its surface material. On the other hand, the ramp and guide will be subjected to strong mechanical extrusion by the projectile belt. Especially in the case of continuous shooting, wear, small cracks and small pits will occur in the bore, affecting the service life of the barrel. Therefore, during the research and development process and use of the barrel, detection equipment is usually used to detect the surface condition of the bore.

[0003] Depending on the combat missions and combat environments, the calibers of weapons and equipment used in combat in my country vary greatly, and the sizes of the barrels of artillery of different calibers vary greatly. Traditional inspection equipment is difficult to meet the inspection needs of artillery of multiple calibers at the same time. In addition, the existing inspection technology has limited ability to identify defects of complex forms, especially in the detection of tiny cracks and pits on the surface of the barrel. The accuracy and comprehensiveness are often insufficient, which may bring potential safety hazards to the subsequent use and maintenance of the artillery. Therefore, the development of more accurate and wider-ranging barrel inspection equipment is of great significance to improving the overall combat capability of weapons and equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gun bore surface defect detection device based on machine vision, which is capable of comprehensively detecting surface defects of gun bores of different calibers, so as to solve the problems of poor adaptability and incomplete detection of existing devices.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device includes:

[0007] Base;

[0008] An adjustment slot is provided in the middle of the top of the base, a detection mechanism is installed between the inner walls on both sides of the adjustment slot, a support plate is installed on one side of the top of the base, a movable plate is placed on the other side of the top of the base, fixing mechanisms are installed on the upper parts of the opposing surfaces of the support plate and the movable plate, and a movable mechanism is installed on the lower part of one end of the movable plate;

[0009] The detection mechanism includes an adjustment plate, an avoidance groove, an adjustment screw, a driver, a detection frame, an adjustment mechanism, a fill light and a limit hole. The avoidance groove is arranged in the middle of the top end of the adjustment plate, the adjustment screw is installed at the lower part of the outer surface of the adjustment plate, the driver is installed at one end of the adjustment screw, and the detection frame is installed at the top end of the adjustment plate. There are two fill lights and two limit holes, and the two fill lights are respectively installed at the two ends of the detection frame. The two limit holes are both arranged at the upper part of one end of the detection frame.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment frame, an electric push rod, a magnetoresistive sensor, a visual sensor and a laser displacement sensor, the adjustment frame is installed on the outer surface of the detection frame, the electric push rod is installed in the middle of the bottom inner wall of the adjustment frame, the magnetoresistive sensor is installed on one side of the bottom end of the adjustment frame, the visual sensor is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the adjustment frame, and the laser displacement sensor is installed on the other side of the bottom end of the adjustment frame.

[0011] Preferably, the height of the adjustment frame is smaller than the depth of the avoidance groove, the electric push rod, magnetic resistance sensor, visual sensor, laser displacement sensor, fill light and driver are all electrically connected to the controller, and the detection frame is set to an octagonal structure.

[0012] Preferably, two reinforcement plates are installed on the opposite sides of the support plate and the movable plate, anti-slip pads are installed on the upper parts of the opposite sides of the support plate and the movable plate, a limit frame is installed on the upper part of one end of the support plate, and the outer surface of the limit frame is movably connected with the upper part of the outer surface of the movable plate, a number of tooth grooves are opened on both sides of the top of the base, and a controller is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the base.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes an adjusting screw, an adjusting block, a fixed block, a telescopic frame and a driving motor, the adjusting block is installed on one side of the outer surface of the adjusting screw, the fixed block is installed on the other side of the outer surface of the adjusting screw through a bearing, and one end of the fixed block is installed on the other end of the movable plate, three telescopic frames are provided, and the three telescopic frames are all installed between the outer surfaces of the adjusting block and the fixed block, and the driving motor is installed at one end of the adjusting screw.

[0014] Preferably, the telescopic frame includes an adjusting rod, a telescopic rod, a connecting frame, a fixing plate and a fixing pad, wherein two telescopic rods are provided, and the two telescopic rods are respectively mounted on both sides of the outer wall of the adjusting rod through a connecting shaft, and four connecting frames are provided, and the four connecting frames are respectively mounted on the upper outer surface and the lower outer surface of the two telescopic rods and the adjusting rod through the connecting shaft, the fixing plate is mounted on the top of the two connecting frames on the upper side, and the fixing pad is mounted on the top of the fixing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the adjusting rod and the two telescopic rods form an X-shaped structure, the top of the fixing pad is set as an arc surface, the other end of the adjusting screw rod is installed with a limit block, and the driving motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a storage box, a mounting base, a double-headed motor, a heat dissipation hole, a moving shaft and a transmission gear. The storage box is installed at the lower part of one end of the moving plate, the mounting base is installed on the inner wall of the storage box, and the double-headed motor is installed at the other end of the mounting base. A plurality of heat dissipation holes are provided, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes are respectively opened at the top and bottom of the storage box. Two moving shafts and two transmission gears are provided, and the two moving shafts are installed on the outer walls of both sides of the storage box through bearings, and the two transmission gears are installed in the middle of the outer surfaces of the two moving shafts.

[0017] Preferably, the double-headed motor is electrically connected to the controller, and the transmission gear is meshed with the corresponding tooth groove.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention sets a detection mechanism inside the adjustment groove. The position of the movable detection frame can be driven by a driver so that the devices in the multiple adjustment mechanisms installed thereon can perform comprehensive detection of the surface defects of the gun bore, can collect the gun bore image and process it using the image processing algorithm. In addition, the positions of the multiple adjustment mechanisms can be adjusted in real time according to the size of the gun bore, so as to adapt to the detection requirements of gun bores of different calibers, thereby expanding the scope of application and improving the accuracy of the detection results.

[0020] (2) The present invention has a fixing mechanism on the outer surface of the support plate and the movable plate, and the adjusting screw is driven by the driving motor to rotate, so that the adjusting block moves and pushes the telescopic frame thereon to unfold, thereby pushing the fixing pad to be in close contact with the inner wall of the gun barrel, so that the gun barrel can be stably supported and fixed from three points, thereby improving the stability of the gun barrel, which is beneficial to the detection work of the gun barrel, and also convenient for fixing gun barrels with different inner diameters, thereby expanding the scope of application.

[0021] (3) The present invention sets a moving mechanism on the outer surface of the moving plate. By starting the double-headed motor, the moving shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate. At this time, the moving plate is driven to move on the base through the meshing transmission between the transmission gear and the multiple tooth grooves, so that the support plate and the moving plate can fix the gun barrel again from both ends, which is convenient for fixing gun barrels of different lengths and further improves the stability of the gun barrel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2A three-dimensional diagram of the detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of middle;

[0025] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the telescopic frame of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the mobile mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1, base; 2, adjustment slot; 3, detection mechanism; 4, fixing mechanism; 5, moving mechanism; 6, support plate; 7, moving plate; 8, reinforcement plate; 9, anti-slip pad; 10, limit frame; 11, tooth groove; 12, controller;

[0030] 31. Adjustment plate; 32. Avoidance groove; 33. Adjustment screw; 34. Driver; 35. Detection frame; 36. Adjustment mechanism; 37. Fill light; 38. Limiting hole;

[0031] 361. Adjustment rack; 362. Electric push rod; 363. Magnetic resistance sensor; 364. Visual sensor; 365. Laser displacement sensor;

[0032] 41. Adjusting screw rod; 42. Adjusting block; 43. Fixing block; 44. Telescopic bracket; 45. Driving motor;

[0033] 441, adjusting rod; 442, telescopic rod; 443, connecting frame; 444, fixing plate; 445, fixing pad;

[0034] 51. Storage box; 52. Mounting base; 53. Double-head motor; 54. Heat dissipation hole; 55. Moving shaft; 56. Transmission gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1:

[0037] See also Figures 1 to 7As shown, the machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device comprises:

[0038] Base 1;

[0039] An adjusting groove 2 is provided in the middle of the top of the base 1, and a detection mechanism 3 is installed between the inner walls on both sides of the adjusting groove 2. A support plate 6 is installed on one side of the top of the base 1, and a moving plate 7 is placed on the other side of the top of the base 1. A fixing mechanism 4 is installed on the upper part of the opposing surfaces of the support plate 6 and the moving plate 7, and a moving mechanism 5 is installed on the lower part of one end of the moving plate 7.

[0040] The detection mechanism 3 includes an adjustment plate 31, an avoidance groove 32, an adjustment screw 33, a driver 34, a detection frame 35, an adjustment mechanism 36, a fill light 37 and a limit hole 38. The avoidance groove 32 is arranged in the middle of the top end of the adjustment plate 31, the adjustment screw 33 is installed at the lower part of the outer surface of the adjustment plate 31, the driver 34 is installed at one end of the adjustment screw 33, the detection frame 35 is installed at the top end of the adjustment plate 31, and two fill lights 37 and two limit holes 38 are provided. The two fill lights 37 are respectively installed at the two ends of the detection frame 35, and the two limit holes 38 are both arranged at the upper part of one end of the detection frame 35.

[0041] Depend on Figures 2 to 4 It can be seen that the adjustment mechanism 36 includes an adjustment frame 361, an electric push rod 362, a magnetoresistive sensor 363, a visual sensor 364 and a laser displacement sensor 365. The adjustment frame 361 is installed on the outer surface of the detection frame 35, the electric push rod 362 is installed in the middle of the bottom inner wall of the adjustment frame 361, the magnetoresistive sensor 363 is installed on one side of the bottom end of the adjustment frame 361, the visual sensor 364 is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the adjustment frame 361, and the laser displacement sensor 365 is installed on the other side of the bottom end of the adjustment frame 361.

[0042] As can be seen from the above, after the barrel is fixed by the fixing mechanism 4, the surface defects of the barrel can be photographed in all directions through multiple visual sensors 364 to obtain clear and accurate image data. Then, the image processing algorithm will pre-process, extract features and identify defects of the collected images. After that, the identified defect position, size and other information will be displayed to the user in a visual manner through the controller 12, and a detection report will be automatically generated. At the same time, the system will also detect the magnetic field distortion caused by the surface defects of the barrel through multiple magnetoresistive sensors 363. When there are defects on the surface of the barrel, the magnetic field will be distorted, causing the resistance value of the magnetoresistive sensor 363 to change. By analyzing the change in this resistance value, the defect situation on the surface of the barrel can be inferred. In order to obtain a clearer image, the controller 12 can start the annular fill light 37 to fully illuminate the barrel. The driver 34 will drive the adjusting screw 33 to rotate, and then the adjusting plate 31 will drive the detection frame 35 and multiple adjustment mechanisms 36 to move. During the movement, multiple laser displacement sensors 365 will measure the displacement changes of the surface of the gun barrel, and can detect tiny surface defects such as cracks, wear, etc. In addition, the laser displacement sensor 365 can also detect the distance between it and the gun barrel, and control the electric push rod 362 to start according to the detection data. After the electric push rod 362 is extended, it will push the adjustment frame 361, and then move the visual sensor 364 to ensure that it always maintains a certain distance from the surface of the gun barrel, so as to capture a clearer image. This design facilitates real-time adjustment according to the size of the gun barrel to meet the detection needs of gun barrels of different calibers, expands the scope of application of the system, and improves the accuracy of the detection results, ensuring the safety of subsequent use and maintenance of the gun barrel.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the height of the adjustment frame 361 is smaller than the depth of the avoidance groove 32, the electric push rod 362, the magnetic resistance sensor 363, the visual sensor 364, the laser displacement sensor 365, the fill light 37 and the driver 34 are all electrically connected to the controller 12, and the detection frame 35 is set to an octagonal structure.

[0044] As can be seen from the above, it is ensured that the adjustment frame 361 can move freely in the avoidance groove 32, and the various sensors and actuators are centrally managed and controlled by the controller 12 to realize the automatic detection and adjustment functions. The fill light 37 is set as a ring structure, and the gun barrel is fully filled with light. The octagonal structure helps to install eight adjustment mechanisms 36 on the detection frame 35.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, two reinforcing plates 8 are installed on the opposite sides of the support plate 6 and the movable plate 7, and anti-slip pads 9 are installed on the upper parts of the opposite sides of the support plate 6 and the movable plate 7. A limit frame 10 is installed on the upper part of one end of the support plate 6, and the outer surface of the limit frame 10 is interlaced and movably connected with the upper part of the outer surface of the movable plate 7. A plurality of tooth grooves 11 are opened on both sides of the top of the base 1, and a controller 12 is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the base 1;

[0047] The fixing mechanism 4 includes an adjusting screw 41, an adjusting block 42, a fixing block 43, a telescopic frame 44 and a driving motor 45. The adjusting block 42 is mounted on one side of the outer surface of the adjusting screw 41, the fixing block 43 is mounted on the other side of the outer surface of the adjusting screw 41 through a bearing, and one end of the fixing block 43 is mounted on the other end of the moving plate 7. Three telescopic frames 44 are provided, and the three telescopic frames 44 are all mounted between the outer surfaces of the adjusting block 42 and the fixing block 43. The driving motor 45 is mounted on one end of the adjusting screw 41.

[0048] The telescopic frame 44 includes an adjusting rod 441, a telescopic rod 442, a connecting frame 443, a fixing plate 444 and a fixing pad 445. Two telescopic rods 442 are provided, and the two telescopic rods 442 are respectively installed on both sides of the outer wall of the adjusting rod 441 through a connecting shaft. Four connecting frames 443 are provided, and the four connecting frames 443 are respectively installed on the upper and lower parts of the outer surfaces of the two telescopic rods 442 and the adjusting rod 441 through connecting shafts. The fixing plate 444 is installed on the top of the two upper connecting frames 443, and the fixing pad 445 is installed on the top of the fixing plate 444.

[0049] As can be seen from the above, first, the gun bore to be inspected is sleeved on the outer surface of the fixing mechanism 4, and then, the driving motor 45 is controlled by the controller 12 to drive the adjusting screw 41 to rotate, and then drive the adjusting block 42 to move on the adjusting screw 41. The movement of the adjusting block 42 will drive the telescopic rod 442 connected thereto to adjust its position, and the telescopic rod 442 and the adjusting rod 441 cooperate to push the fixing plate 444 outward, so that the rubber material fixing pad 445 with an arc surface can fit tightly against the inner wall of the gun bore and increase the friction, thereby ensuring that the gun bore can be stably supported and fixed from three points. This fixing method improves the stability of the gun bore, which is very beneficial to the detection work. At the same time, the telescopic function of the telescopic frame 44 enables the detection device to easily fix gun bores of different inner diameters, effectively expanding its scope of application.

[0050] Preferably, reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the adjusting rod 441 and the two telescopic rods 442 form an X-shaped structure, the top of the fixing pad 445 is set as an arc surface, the other end of the adjusting screw rod 41 is installed with a limit block, and the driving motor 45 is electrically connected to the controller 12.

[0051] As can be seen from the above, the X-shaped structure can provide better stability and supporting force, so that the adjusting rod 441 can smoothly drive the telescopic rod 442 to perform telescopic movement, the curved surface fixing pad 445 can provide better fit and stability, and the limit block can limit the movement of the adjusting block 42 on the adjusting screw rod 41, and the driving motor 45 can be accurately controlled and adjusted through the controller 12.

[0052] Embodiment three:

[0053] refer to Figure 7 As shown, the moving mechanism 5 includes a storage box 51, a mounting seat 52, a double-headed motor 53, a heat dissipation hole 54, a moving shaft 55 and a transmission gear 56. The storage box 51 is installed at the lower part of one end of the moving plate 7, the mounting seat 52 is installed on the inner wall of the storage box 51, the double-headed motor 53 is installed at the other end of the mounting seat 52, a plurality of heat dissipation holes 54 are provided, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes 54 are respectively opened at the top and bottom ends of the storage box 51, two moving shafts 55 and two transmission gears 56 are provided, and the two moving shafts 55 are installed on the outer walls of both sides of the storage box 51 through bearings, and the two transmission gears 56 are installed in the middle of the outer surfaces of the two moving shafts 55.

[0054] As can be seen from the above, after the fixing mechanism 4 on the support plate 6 fixes the gun barrel, the double-headed motor 53 can be started through the controller 12 to make the two movable shafts 55 rotate at the same time, thereby driving the transmission gear 56 thereon to rotate. At this time, the meshing transmission between the transmission gear 56 and the corresponding multiple tooth grooves 11 will push the storage box 51 to drive the movable plate 7 to move. Through the guiding and limiting effect of the limit frame 10 on the movable plate 7, the movable plate 7 can stably drive the fixing mechanism 4 thereon to be inserted into the gun barrel, so that the fixing mechanism 4 can further fix the gun barrel. At the same time, the support plate 6 cooperates with the movable plate 7 to fix it again from both ends of the gun barrel. In addition, the anti-slip pad 9 can increase the friction between the gun barrel and the anti-slip pad 9, thereby further strengthening the clamping and fixing effect of the gun barrel. Such a design is not only convenient for fixing gun barrels of different lengths, but also further improves the stability of the gun barrel.

[0055] Preferably, reference Figure 7 As shown, the double-headed motor 53 is electrically connected to the controller 12 , and the transmission gear 56 is meshed with the corresponding tooth groove 11 .

[0056] As can be seen from the above, the double-headed motor 53 is precisely controlled and adjusted by the controller 12 to realize the bidirectional driving and rotation functions, and the movement and positioning of the transmission gear 56 in the tooth groove 11 are realized through the meshing relationship between the transmission gear 56 and the tooth groove 11.

[0057] Application examples:

[0058] This design is mainly used in military equipment manufacturing and maintenance, shooting range testing, and equipment maintenance of artillery units. In the manufacturing process of the gun barrel, in order to ensure its shooting accuracy and durability, strict quality control of the gun barrel is required. The detection mechanism 3 in this design adopts machine vision technology. By configuring multiple high-precision visual sensors 364, the surface of the gun barrel is photographed in all directions to obtain clear and accurate image data. Subsequently, the collected images are preprocessed, feature extracted, and defect identified using advanced image processing algorithms, thereby achieving rapid and comprehensive detection of the inner surface of the gun barrel. This technology greatly improves the detection efficiency. In addition, the position of the visual sensor 364 can be adjusted in real time according to the size of the gun barrel to meet the detection requirements of gun barrels of different calibers. By setting a fixing mechanism 4, gun barrels of different inner diameters can be conveniently fixed, which not only expands the scope of application, but also significantly enhances the fixing effect. At the same time, by setting a moving mechanism 5, the position of the fixing mechanism 4 on one side can be moved to adapt to gun barrels of different lengths, further ensuring the stable fixation of the gun barrel. In summary, the detection device has strong versatility and flexibility.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device, characterized in that: include: Base (1); An adjustment groove (2) is provided in the middle of the top of the base (1), a detection mechanism (3) is installed between the inner walls on both sides of the adjustment groove (2), a support plate (6) is installed on one side of the top of the base (1), a movable plate (7) is placed on the other side of the top of the base (1), fixing mechanisms (4) are installed on the upper parts of the opposing surfaces of the support plate (6) and the movable plate (7), and a movable mechanism (5) is installed on the lower part of one end of the movable plate (7); The detection mechanism (3) comprises an adjustment plate (31), an avoidance groove (32), an adjustment screw (33), a driver (34), a detection frame (35), an adjustment mechanism (36), a fill light (37) and a limit hole (38); the avoidance groove (32) is arranged at the middle of the top end of the adjustment plate (31); the adjustment screw (33) is mounted on the lower part of the outer surface of the adjustment plate (31); the driver (34) is mounted on one end of the adjustment screw (33); the detection frame (35) is mounted on the top end of the adjustment plate (31); two fill lights (37) and two limit holes (38) are provided; the two fill lights (37) are respectively mounted at the two ends of the detection frame (35); and the two limit holes (38) are both arranged at the upper part of one end of the detection frame (35).

2. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (36) comprises an adjustment frame (361), an electric push rod (362), a magnetoresistive sensor (363), a visual sensor (364) and a laser displacement sensor (365); the adjustment frame (361) is mounted on the outer surface of the detection frame (35); the electric push rod (362) is mounted in the middle of the bottom inner wall of the adjustment frame (361); the magnetoresistive sensor (363) is mounted on one side of the bottom end of the adjustment frame (361); the visual sensor (364) is mounted in the middle of the bottom end of the adjustment frame (361); and the laser displacement sensor (365) is mounted on the other side of the bottom end of the adjustment frame (361).

3. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the adjustment frame (361) is smaller than the depth of the avoidance groove (32); the electric push rod (362), the magnetic resistance sensor (363), the visual sensor (364), the laser displacement sensor (365), the fill light (37) and the driver (34) are all electrically connected to the controller (12); and the detection frame (35) is configured as an octagonal structure.

4. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Two reinforcing plates (8) are installed on the opposite sides of the support plate (6) and the movable plate (7), and anti-slip pads (9) are installed on the upper sides of the opposite sides of the support plate (6) and the movable plate (7). A limiting frame (10) is installed on the upper part of one end of the support plate (6), and the outer surface of the limiting frame (10) is movably connected to the upper part of the outer surface of the movable plate (7). A plurality of tooth grooves (11) are provided on both sides of the top of the base (1), and a controller (12) is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the base (1).

5. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (4) comprises an adjusting screw (41), an adjusting block (42), a fixing block (43), a telescopic frame (44) and a driving motor (45); the adjusting block (42) is mounted on one side of the outer surface of the adjusting screw (41); the fixing block (43) is mounted on the other side of the outer surface of the adjusting screw (41) through a bearing; one end of the fixing block (43) is mounted on the other end of the moving plate (7); three telescopic frames (44) are provided, and the three telescopic frames (44) are all mounted between the outer surfaces of the adjusting block (42) and the fixing block (43); and the driving motor (45) is mounted on one end of the adjusting screw (41).

6. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic frame (44) comprises an adjusting rod (441), a telescopic rod (442), a connecting frame (443), a fixing plate (444) and a fixing pad (445). Two telescopic rods (442) are provided, and the two telescopic rods (442) are respectively installed on both sides of the outer wall of the adjusting rod (441) through a connecting shaft. Four connecting frames (443) are provided, and the four connecting frames (443) are respectively installed on the upper part and the lower part of the outer surface of the two telescopic rods (442) and the adjusting rod (441) through the connecting shaft. The fixing plate (444) is installed on the top of the two connecting frames (443) on the upper side, and the fixing pad (445) is installed on the top of the fixing plate (444).

7. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (441) and the two telescopic rods (442) form an X-shaped structure, the top end of the fixing pad (445) is arranged as an arc surface, the other end of the adjusting screw rod (41) is provided with a limit block, and the driving motor (45) is electrically connected to the controller (12).

8. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (5) comprises a storage box (51), a mounting seat (52), a double-headed motor (53), a heat dissipation hole (54), a moving shaft (55) and a transmission gear (56); the storage box (51) is mounted on the lower part of one end of the moving plate (7); the mounting seat (52) is mounted on the inner wall of the storage box (51); the double-headed motor (53) is mounted on the other end of the mounting seat (52); a plurality of heat dissipation holes (54) are provided, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes (54) are respectively opened at the top and bottom of the storage box (51); two moving shafts (55) and two transmission gears (56) are provided; the two moving shafts (55) are mounted on the outer walls of both sides of the storage box (51) through bearings; and the two transmission gears (56) are mounted in the middle of the outer surfaces of the two moving shafts (55).

9. The machine vision-based gun bore surface defect detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The double-headed motor (53) is electrically connected to the controller (12), and the transmission gear (56) is meshed with the corresponding tooth groove (11).

Images