Burial depth type dam osmotic pressure and seepage monitoring device and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a buried depth type dam osmotic pressure and seepage monitoring device which comprises an external protection shell, a data analyzer is arranged in the external protection shell, a double-ring-shaped filtering device is arranged below the external protection shell and comprises an outer ring fixing layer arranged at the lower end of the external protection shell, and an inner ring sliding layer is slidably connected into the outer ring fixing layer. The interior of the inner ring sliding layer is divided into a plurality of water accumulation cavities from top to bottom through layered partition plates, a supporting column is vertically arranged in the center of the inner ring sliding layer, a plurality of seepage monitoring plates are arranged on the upper surface of each layered partition plate, and seepage flow velocity monitors are arranged at the upper ends of the seepage monitoring plates. An annular osmotic pressure monitor is installed on the supporting column corresponding to each water accumulation cavity, and the annular osmotic pressure monitors and the water seepage flow velocity monitors are connected with a data analyzer through wires. According to the invention, seepage directions and flow velocities of different sections and heights of the dam can be monitored, and multi-elevation osmotic pressure monitoring can be synchronously realized. The invention further discloses a buried-depth dam osmotic pressure and seepage monitoring method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dam monitoring devices, and relates to a seepage pressure and seepage flow monitoring device for a deep buried dam. The invention also relates to a seepage pressure and seepage flow monitoring method for a deep buried dam. Background Art

[0002] As an important water conservancy project facility, dams often have local leakage and seepage problems during water storage and operation due to the influence of geological conditions, material aging, environmental factors and other factors. If these problems are not discovered and handled in time, they may cause damage to the dam structure and even cause serious safety accidents. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the seepage and seepage pressure of the dam in real time and accurately.

[0003] With the continuous development of sensor technology, wireless communication technology and automatic control technology, new opportunities have been provided for the innovation of dam seepage and seepage pressure monitoring technology. For example, the Chinese patent "A structure of a pre-buried earth-rock dam impermeable wall and defect detection and repair method" (publication number: CN115897491A) realizes the preliminary evaluation of the leakage position and nature of the impermeable wall by pre-buried "U-shaped" flower pipes and colored dyes. The Chinese patent "A reservoir dam leakage monitoring device" (announcement number: CN216746644U) realizes the pre-buried multiple pore water pressure gauges in the same vertical hole through multiple pressure measuring tubes and connecting rings. Although both devices have realized the monitoring of dam seepage and seepage pressure, they both have the following problems: First, there is currently no device to monitor the distribution of seepage inside the dam and the direction of seepage runoff; second, the seepage conditions of the dam at different heights are completely different, and it is necessary to monitor the seepage conditions at different heights of the dam; third, the large amount of impurities in the dam seepage seriously affects the accuracy of seepage pressure monitoring; finally, the buried deep device is difficult to repair and has poor convenience. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for a deep-buried dam, which can monitor the seepage direction and flow rate at different sections and heights of the dam, that is, monitor the seepage flow rate of seepage water along the runoff path, and simultaneously realize multi-elevation seepage pressure monitoring.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring seepage pressure and flow of a deep buried dam.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for a deep-buried dam, comprising an external protective shell, a data analyzer is arranged in the external protective shell, a double annular filtering device is arranged below the external protective shell, the double annular filtering device comprises an outer annular fixed layer arranged at the lower end of the external protective shell, an inner annular sliding layer is slidably connected to the outer annular fixed layer, the inner annular sliding layer is divided from top to bottom into a plurality of water accumulation cavities by horizontally arranged layered partition plates, each corresponding layered partition plate between the inner annular sliding layer and the outer annular fixed layer is also provided with an annular and horizontal layered partition plate A, a support column is vertically arranged at the center of the inner annular sliding layer, a plurality of seepage monitoring plates are arranged on the upper surface of each layered partition plate, a seepage flow rate monitor is arranged on the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate, an annular seepage pressure monitor is installed on the support column corresponding to each water accumulation cavity, and the annular seepage pressure monitor and the seepage flow rate monitor are connected to the data analyzer via wires.

[0007] Preferably, a drain pipe gate is also provided on the inner ring sliding layer corresponding to each water accumulation cavity, and an electric gate is provided at the drain pipe gate, and the electric gate is connected to the controller through a wire. An arched drain pipe is also provided in each water accumulation cavity, and the other end of the arched drain pipe passes through the inner ring sliding layer and the outer ring fixed layer corresponding to the water accumulation cavity in sequence and is fixed to the inner ring sliding layer and the outer ring fixed layer. The controller is located in an external protective shell, and the controller and the data analyzer are connected through a wire.

[0008] Preferably, the outer ring fixing layer is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the outer protective shell as a whole, the outer ring fixing layer and the inner ring sliding layer are both arranged as cylindrical shell structures, the inner ring sliding layer and the outer ring fixing layer are arranged coaxially, and the layered partition plate A partitions the space between the inner ring sliding layer and the outer ring fixing layer, the layered partition plate A is fixed on the inner surface of the outer ring fixing layer, and the annular inner ring of the layered partition plate A contacts and cooperates with the outer surface of the inner ring sliding layer.

[0009] Preferably, the layered partition plate at the lowest end is flush with the bottom of the inner ring sliding layer, the lowest end of the support column is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the lowest layered partition plate, the upper end of the support column passes through the corresponding layered partition plates from bottom to top in sequence and is fixed with the corresponding layered partition plates as a whole and then is flush with the top of the inner ring sliding layer, the seepage monitoring plate is perpendicular to the layered partition plates, the seepage monitoring plates in each water accumulation cavity are distributed in a ring around the support column and are fixedly connected to the support column, and the corresponding annular seepage pressure monitor in each water accumulation cavity is arranged at the position where the corresponding support column is located above the seepage monitoring plate.

[0010] Preferably, the water seepage flow rate monitor includes a branch and leaf support column arranged at the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate, and a plurality of branch and leaf support column branches are arranged on the branch and leaf support column facing different directions. A fan blade is rotatably arranged on the upper end of each branch and leaf support column branch, and a magnetic rotary encoder is also arranged at the position where the fan blade and the branch and leaf support column branch are rotatably connected. The magnetic rotary encoder monitors the rotation of the fan blade, and the magnetic rotary encoder is connected to the data analyzer via a wire to transmit the monitored data to the data analyzer.

[0011] Preferably, the outer ring fixed layer is configured as a filter mesh type, serving as an outer filter mesh, and the inner ring sliding layer is configured as a filter mesh type, serving as an inner filter mesh, the mesh number of the inner filter mesh is greater than the mesh number of the outer filter mesh, and an activated carbon adsorption layer and a nano-membrane layer are sequentially arranged on the side of the inner ring sliding layer away from the outer ring fixed layer, and the nano-membrane layer enables water to penetrate into the water accumulation cavity from the outside of the inner ring sliding layer, and water will not reversely seep out of the water accumulation cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of slide rails are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer wall of the inner ring sliding layer, and the slide rails are distributed from top to bottom along the height of the inner ring sliding layer. Slide grooves cooperating with the slide rails are arranged at positions corresponding to the slide rails on the layered partition plate A. The inner ring sliding layer is separated by sliding from the outer ring fixed layer through the cooperation of the slide rails and the slide grooves.

[0013] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for monitoring seepage pressure and seepage flow of a deep buried dam, using the above-mentioned device for monitoring seepage pressure and seepage flow of a deep buried dam, and is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step: during the dam filling process, the buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is buried as a whole to the required measurement position or the design required section. As the dam filling is completed, the buried depth of the entire buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is completed. After the buried depth, the external protective shell is located above the buried depth surface; Steps: After the dam is filled with water, water penetrates into the dam through the surface of the dam, and water at different heights penetrates into the water accumulation cavity from the inside of the dam. Due to the seepage into the corresponding water accumulation cavity, the fan blades rotate, and the rotation speed of the fan blades is the water flow rate. The water in each water accumulation cavity accumulates to a certain height and touches the annular seepage pressure monitor. The fan blades are rotated and monitored by a magnetic rotary encoder. The magnetic rotary encoder and the annular seepage pressure monitor respectively transmit the seepage and seepage pressure measurement data to the data analyzer in real time.

[0014] Preferably, the steps are as follows: after the dam is filled with water, water penetrates into the interior of the dam through the surface of the dam, and water at different heights is filtered from the inside of the dam through the outer filter screen and the inner filter screen in turn and then penetrates into the water accumulation cavity. Due to the seepage entering the corresponding water accumulation cavity, the fan blades rotate, and the rotation speed of the fan blades is the flow rate of water. Since the seepage monitoring plates are distributed in a ring around the support column and a plurality of branch support column branches are arranged on the branch support column in different directions, the magnetic rotary encoder on the corresponding fan blade can measure the seepage flow rate in different directions, and the rotation speed of the fan blades on the surrounding seepage monitoring plates is transmitted to the data analyzer in real time to monitor the size of the water flow in different directions, so as to determine which direction the cracks may exist. When the water in the water accumulation cavity accumulates to a certain height, it will touch the annular seepage pressure monitor, and the monitoring threshold of the annular seepage pressure monitor is set. When the annular seepage pressure monitor detects that the seepage pressure reaches the monitoring threshold, the controller controls the electric gate on the drain pipe gate to open, and the water is discharged from the corresponding arch drain pipe.

[0015] Preferably, if the seepage velocity in any direction is greater than the safe flow velocity and the seepage pressure is greater than the safe pressure, it is considered that cracks may exist in the corresponding direction. When cracks are found to be possible inside the dam, the inner ring sliding layer is slid out along the slide rail as a whole, and then a monitoring line is arranged under the center of the outer ring fixed layer. The lower end of the monitoring line is electrically connected to a crack monitoring device, and crack detection is performed on the parts where cracks may exist through the crack monitoring device, so as to determine whether there are cracks inside the dam.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention realizes the monitoring of seepage velocity in different directions by means of the distribution arrangement of seepage monitoring plates and the arrangement of fan blades, so as to fully grasp the internal water seepage conditions at different sections and heights of the dam; and realizes the monitoring of seepage pressure at different heights by means of layered partition plates.

[0017] (2) The present invention filters impurities and larger particles in the water through a double-ring filter device, thereby ensuring that the seepage and pressure results are not affected by impurities and larger particles in the water, thereby ensuring the accuracy of seepage pressure and seepage monitoring.

[0018] (3) The present invention realizes the detection of cracks inside the dam and the portability of equipment maintenance and device filter residue cleaning by connecting the inner ring sliding layer and the outer ring fixed layer through a slide rail.

[0019] (4) The present invention sets up a drain pipe sluice and a gate. After completing the seepage pressure monitoring, the valve is controlled to drain water when the seepage pressure reaches a certain threshold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for a deep buried dam according to the present invention; Figure 2It is a cross-sectional view of a double annular filter device in a seepage pressure and flow monitoring device for a deep buried dam according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the double annular filtering device in the seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for the buried deep dam of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slide rail arrangement in the seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for a deep buried dam according to the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seepage velocity monitor in the seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for the buried deep dam of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of cracks in the seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device for deep buried dams of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the actual application of the deep buried dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. External protective shell, 2. Data analyzer, 3. Double annular filter device, 4. Layered partition plate A, 4-1. Layered partition plate, 5. Chute, 6. Seepage monitoring plate, 7. Support column, 8. Annular seepage pressure monitor, 9. Arched drain pipe, 10. Drain pipe gate, 11. Inner ring sliding layer, 12. Water accumulation cavity, 13. Fan blades, 14. Branches of leaf support columns, 15. Crack monitoring device, 16. Monitoring line, 17. Dam, 18. Outer ring fixed layer, 19. Chute, 20. Grouting drainage corridor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following describes it in detail in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0023] Example 1 The buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device of the present invention has a structure as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes an external protective shell 1, a data analyzer 2 is arranged in the external protective shell 1, and a double annular filtering device 3 is arranged below the external protective shell 1. The double annular filtering device 3 includes an outer annular fixed layer 18 arranged at the lower end of the external protective shell 1, and an inner annular sliding layer 11 is slidably connected in the outer annular fixed layer 18. The inner annular sliding layer 11 is divided into a plurality of water accumulation chambers 12 from top to bottom by horizontally arranged layered partition plates 4-1. Each layered partition plate 4-1 corresponding to the inner annular sliding layer 11 and the outer annular fixed layer 18 is also provided with an annular and horizontal layered partition plate A4. A support column 7 is vertically arranged at the center of the inner annular sliding layer 11. A plurality of seepage monitoring plates 6 are arranged on the upper surface of each layered partition plate 4-1. A water seepage flow rate monitor is arranged on the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate 6. An annular seepage pressure monitor 8 is installed on the support column 7 corresponding to each water accumulation chamber 12. The annular seepage pressure monitor 8 and the water seepage flow rate monitor are both connected to the data analyzer 2 through wires.

[0024] Example 2 The buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device of the present invention has a structure as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes an external protective shell 1, a data analyzer 2 is arranged in the external protective shell 1, and a double annular filtering device 3 is arranged below the external protective shell 1. The double annular filtering device 3 includes an outer annular fixed layer 18 arranged at the lower end of the external protective shell 1, and an inner annular sliding layer 11 is slidably connected in the outer annular fixed layer 18. The inner annular sliding layer 11 is divided into a plurality of water accumulation chambers 12 from top to bottom by horizontally arranged layered partition plates 4-1. Each layered partition plate 4-1 corresponding to the inner annular sliding layer 11 and the outer annular fixed layer 18 is also provided with an annular and horizontal layered partition plate A4. A support column 7 is vertically arranged at the center of the inner annular sliding layer 11. A plurality of seepage monitoring plates 6 are arranged on the upper surface of each layered partition plate 4-1. A water seepage flow rate monitor is arranged on the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate 6. An annular seepage pressure monitor 8 is installed on the support column 7 corresponding to each water accumulation chamber 12. The annular seepage pressure monitor 8 and the water seepage flow rate monitor are both connected to the data analyzer 2 through wires.

[0025] A drain pipe gate 10 is also provided on the inner ring sliding layer 11 corresponding to each water accumulation cavity 12, and an electric gate is provided at the drain pipe gate 10, and the electric gate is connected to a controller through a wire. An arched drain pipe 9 is also provided in each water accumulation cavity 12, and the other end of the arched drain pipe 9 passes through the inner ring sliding layer 11 and the outer ring fixed layer 18 corresponding to the water accumulation cavity 12 in sequence and is fixed to the inner ring sliding layer 11 and the outer ring fixed layer 18. The controller is located in the external protective shell 1, and the controller and the data analyzer 2 are connected through a wire.

[0026] The outer ring fixing layer 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the outer protective shell 1 as a whole. The outer ring fixing layer 18 and the inner ring sliding layer 11 are both arranged as cylindrical shell structures. The inner ring sliding layer 11 is coaxially arranged with the outer ring fixing layer 18. The layered partition plate A4 partitions the space between the inner ring sliding layer 11 and the outer ring fixing layer 18. The layered partition plate A4 is fixed on the inner surface of the outer ring fixing layer 18. The annular inner ring of the layered partition plate A4 contacts and cooperates with the outer surface of the inner ring sliding layer 11.

[0027] Example 3 The buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device of the present invention has a structure as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes an external protective shell 1, a data analyzer 2 is arranged in the external protective shell 1, and a double annular filtering device 3 is arranged below the external protective shell 1. The double annular filtering device 3 includes an outer annular fixed layer 18 arranged at the lower end of the external protective shell 1, and an inner annular sliding layer 11 is slidably connected in the outer annular fixed layer 18. The inner annular sliding layer 11 is divided into a plurality of water accumulation chambers 12 from top to bottom by horizontally arranged layered partition plates 4-1. Each layered partition plate 4-1 corresponding to the inner annular sliding layer 11 and the outer annular fixed layer 18 is also provided with an annular and horizontal layered partition plate A4. A support column 7 is vertically arranged at the center of the inner annular sliding layer 11. A plurality of seepage monitoring plates 6 are arranged on the upper surface of each layered partition plate 4-1. A water seepage flow rate monitor is arranged on the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate 6. An annular seepage pressure monitor 8 is installed on the support column 7 corresponding to each water accumulation chamber 12. The annular seepage pressure monitor 8 and the water seepage flow rate monitor are both connected to the data analyzer 2 through wires.

[0028] A drain pipe gate 10 is also provided on the inner ring sliding layer 11 corresponding to each water accumulation cavity 12, and an electric gate is provided at the drain pipe gate 10, and the electric gate is connected to a controller through a wire. An arched drain pipe 9 is also provided in each water accumulation cavity 12, and the other end of the arched drain pipe 9 passes through the inner ring sliding layer 11 and the outer ring fixed layer 18 corresponding to the water accumulation cavity 12 in sequence and is fixed to the inner ring sliding layer 11 and the outer ring fixed layer 18. The controller is located in the external protective shell 1, and the controller and the data analyzer 2 are connected through a wire.

[0029] The outer ring fixing layer 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the outer protective shell 1 as a whole. The outer ring fixing layer 18 and the inner ring sliding layer 11 are both arranged as cylindrical shell structures. The inner ring sliding layer 11 is coaxially arranged with the outer ring fixing layer 18. The layered partition plate A4 partitions the space between the inner ring sliding layer 11 and the outer ring fixing layer 18. The layered partition plate A4 is fixed on the inner surface of the outer ring fixing layer 18. The annular inner ring of the layered partition plate A4 contacts and cooperates with the outer surface of the inner ring sliding layer 11.

[0030] The layered partition plate 4-1 at the lowest end is flush with the bottom of the inner ring sliding layer 11, the lowest end of the support column 7 is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the lowest layered partition plate 4-1, the upper end of the support column 7 passes through the corresponding layered partition plates 4-1 from bottom to top and is fixed as a whole with the corresponding layered partition plates 4-1 and then flush with the top of the inner ring sliding layer 11, the seepage monitoring plate 6 is perpendicular to the layered partition plate 4-1, the seepage monitoring plates 6 in each water accumulation cavity 12 are distributed in a ring around the support column 7 and are fixedly connected to the support column 7, and the corresponding annular seepage pressure monitor 8 in each water accumulation cavity 12 is arranged at the position where the corresponding support column 7 is located above the seepage monitoring plate 6.

[0031] Example 4 On the basis of Example 3, Figure 5As shown, the water seepage flow rate monitor includes a branch and leaf support column arranged at the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate 6, and a plurality of branch and leaf support column branches 14 are also arranged on the branch and leaf support column 14 facing different directions. A fan blade 13 is rotatably arranged on the upper end of each branch and leaf support column branch 14, that is, the fan blade 13 can rotate on the upper end of the branch and leaf support column branch 14, and a magnetic rotary encoder is also arranged at the position where the fan blade 13 and the branch and leaf support column branch 14 are rotatably connected. The magnetic rotary encoder monitors the rotation of the fan blade 13, and the magnetic rotary encoder is connected to the data analyzer 2 through a wire to transmit the monitored data to the data analyzer 2.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer ring fixed layer 18 is set to a filter type, as an outer filter 3-1, and the inner ring sliding layer 11 is set to a filter type, as an inner filter 3-2, the mesh number of the inner filter 3-2 is greater than the mesh number of the outer filter 3-1, and the side of the inner ring sliding layer 11 away from the outer ring fixed layer 18 is also sequentially provided with an activated carbon adsorption layer and a nano-membrane layer, and the nano-membrane layer enables water to penetrate from the outside of the inner ring sliding layer 11 into the water accumulation cavity 12, and the water will not reversely osmose from the water accumulation cavity 12. Water will penetrate into the inside of the dam through the surface of the dam, and the water will enter the device from the inside of the dam through seepage, and then the water will be filtered through the outer filter 3-1, and then enter the corresponding water accumulation cavity 12 through the inner filter 3-2, the activated carbon adsorption layer, and the nano-membrane layer, and the inner filter 3-2 and the activated carbon adsorption layer complete the filtration of fine impurities in the water, and the nano-membrane layer enables water to penetrate from the inner ring sliding layer into the water accumulation cavity, and the water will not reversely osmose from the water accumulation cavity.

[0033] Example 5 On the basis of Example 4, Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of slide rails 5 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer wall of the inner ring sliding layer 11, and the slide rails 5 are distributed from top to bottom along the height of the inner ring sliding layer 11. A slide groove 19 cooperating with the slide rail 5 is arranged at the position corresponding to the slide rail 5 on the layered partition plate A4. The inner ring sliding layer 11 is slidingly separated from the outer ring fixed layer 18 through the cooperation of the slide rail 5 and the slide groove 19.

[0034] Example 6 The annular seepage pressure monitor of the present invention comprises a plurality of osmometers, which are arranged in a ring shape at positions corresponding to the outer surface of the support column 7, and the measuring cable of each osmometer is connected to the data analyzer; specifically, the osmometer can adopt the TH-SY1 piezoresistive osmometer (Shandong Tianhe Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.); the HYLF-6 intelligent crack long-term monitor (Wuhan Hongcheng Yuanda Technology Co., Ltd.) can be used as a crack monitoring device; the magnetic rotary encoder uses the M122 series magnetic rotary encoder (produced by GURLEY Precision Instruments); the data analyzer is an instrument equipped with the TH-WY1 system (its integrated design (supporting 4G / Ethernet transmission and cloud analysis) is more suitable for dam scenarios).

[0035] Example 7 The method for monitoring the seepage pressure and flow of a deep buried dam is implemented by using the device for monitoring the seepage pressure and flow of a deep buried dam in Example 5, specifically according to the following steps: Step 1: During the dam filling process, the buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is buried as a whole to the required measurement position or the design required section. As the dam filling is completed, the buried depth of the entire buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is completed. After the buried depth, the external protective shell 1 is located above the buried depth surface; Step 2, as the dam is filled with water, water penetrates into the dam through the surface of the dam, and water at different heights is filtered from the inside of the dam through the outer filter 3-1 and the inner filter 3-2 in turn and then penetrates into the water accumulation chamber 12. Due to the infiltration of water into the corresponding water accumulation chamber 12, the fan blade 13 rotates, and the rotation speed of the fan blade 13 is the flow rate of water. Since the seepage monitoring plates 6 are distributed in a ring around the support column 7 and a plurality of branch support column branches 14 are arranged on the branch support column 14 in different directions, the magnetic rotary encoder on the corresponding fan blade 13 can measure the flow rate of water. The water seepage velocity in the same direction is detected by the rotation speed of the fan blades 13 on the surrounding seepage monitoring plates 6, and is transmitted to the data analyzer 2 in real time to monitor the water flow in different directions, so as to determine which direction the cracks may exist. When the water in the water accumulation chamber 12 accumulates to a certain height, it will touch the annular seepage pressure monitor 8. The monitoring threshold of the annular seepage pressure monitor 8 is set. When the annular seepage pressure monitor 8 detects that the seepage pressure reaches the monitoring threshold, the controller controls the electric gate on the drain pipe gate 10 to open, and the water is discharged from the corresponding arched drain pipe 9.

[0036] When making a judgment, if the seepage flow rate in any direction is greater than the safe flow rate and the seepage pressure is greater than the safe pressure, it is considered that there may be cracks in the corresponding direction. When cracks are found inside the dam, the inner ring sliding layer 11 is slid out along the slide rail 5 as a whole, such as Figure 6As shown, a monitoring line 16 is arranged below the center of the outer ring fixed layer 18, and a crack monitoring device 15 is electrically connected to the lower end of the monitoring line 16. The crack monitoring device 15 detects cracks at locations where cracks may exist, thereby determining whether there are cracks inside the dam.

[0037] Example 8 On the basis of Example 7, during the filling process of the dam 17, the buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is buried as a whole to the required measurement position or the design required section. As the dam filling is completed, the buried depth of the entire buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is completed. Figure 7 As shown, it is an application diagram of the deep buried dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device in the actual dam project. The deep buried dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is arranged between the grouting drainage gallery 20 and the buried surface.

Claims

1. A seepage pressure and flow monitoring device for a deep buried dam, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer protective shell (1), a data analyzer (2) is arranged in the outer protective shell (1), a double annular filter device (3) is arranged below the outer protective shell (1), the double annular filter device (3) comprises an outer annular fixed layer (18) arranged at the lower end of the outer protective shell (1), an inner annular sliding layer (11) is slidably connected in the outer annular fixed layer (18), the inner annular sliding layer (11) is divided from top to bottom into a plurality of water accumulation chambers (12) by horizontally arranged layered partition plates (4-1), and the inner annular sliding layer (11) and the outer annular fixed layer (18) are connected to each other. Each layered partition plate (4-1) is also provided with an annular and horizontal layered partition plate A (4), a support column (7) is vertically provided at the center of the inner ring sliding layer (11), a plurality of seepage monitoring plates (6) are provided on the upper surface of each layered partition plate (4-1), a water seepage flow rate monitor is provided at the upper end of the seepage monitoring plate (6), an annular seepage pressure monitor (8) is installed on the support column (7) corresponding to each water accumulation cavity (12), and the annular seepage pressure monitor (8) and the water seepage flow rate monitor are connected to the data analyzer (2) via a wire.

2. The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drain pipe gate (10) is also provided on the inner ring sliding layer (11) corresponding to each water accumulation cavity (12), and an electric gate is provided at the drain pipe gate (10). The electric gate is connected to a controller via a wire. An arched drain pipe (9) is also provided in each water accumulation cavity (12), and the other end of the arched drain pipe (9) passes through the inner ring sliding layer (11) and the outer ring fixed layer (18) corresponding to the water accumulation cavity (12) in sequence and is fixed to the inner ring sliding layer (11) and the outer ring fixed layer (18). The controller is located in the outer protective shell (1), and the controller and the data analyzer (2) are connected via a wire.

3. The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring fixing layer (18) is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the outer protective shell (1) as a whole, the outer ring fixing layer (18) and the inner ring sliding layer (11) are both arranged as cylindrical shell structures, the inner ring sliding layer (11) and the outer ring fixing layer (18) are arranged coaxially, the layered partition plate A (4) partitions the space between the inner ring sliding layer (11) and the outer ring fixing layer (18), the layered partition plate A (4) is fixed to the inner surface of the outer ring fixing layer (18), and the annular inner ring of the layered partition plate A (4) is in contact with the outer surface of the inner ring sliding layer (11).

4. The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The layered partition plate (4-1) at the lowest end is flush with the bottom of the inner ring sliding layer (11), the lowest end of the support column (7) is fixed at the center of the upper surface of the layered partition plate (4-1) at the lowest end, the upper end of the support column (7) passes through the corresponding layered partition plates (4-1) from bottom to top in sequence and is fixed to the corresponding layered partition plates (4-1) as a whole and then is flush with the top of the inner ring sliding layer (11), the seepage monitoring plate (6) is perpendicular to the layered partition plate (4-1), the seepage monitoring plates (6) in each water accumulation cavity (12) are distributed in an annular shape around the support column (7) and are fixedly connected to the support column (7), and the corresponding annular seepage pressure monitor (8) in each water accumulation cavity (12) is arranged at a position where the corresponding support column (7) is located above the seepage monitoring plate (6).

5. The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water seepage flow rate monitor comprises a branch support column arranged at the upper end of a seepage monitoring plate (6); a plurality of branch support column branches (14) are arranged on the branch support column (14) facing in different directions; a fan blade (13) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of each branch support column branch (14); a magnetic rotary encoder is also arranged at a position where the fan blade (13) and the branch support column branch (14) are rotatably connected; the magnetic rotary encoder monitors the rotation of the fan blade (13); the magnetic rotary encoder is connected to the data analyzer (2) via a wire, and transmits the monitored data to the data analyzer (2).

6. The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer ring fixed layer (18) is configured as a filter screen type, serving as an outer filter screen (3-1); the inner ring sliding layer (11) is configured as a filter screen type, serving as an inner filter screen (3-2); the mesh number of the inner filter screen (3-2) is greater than the mesh number of the outer filter screen (3-1); and an activated carbon adsorption layer and a nano-membrane layer are sequentially arranged on a side of the inner ring sliding layer (11) facing away from the outer ring fixed layer (18); the nano-membrane layer enables water to penetrate from the outside of the inner ring sliding layer (11) into the water accumulation cavity (12), and water will not reversely permeate out of the water accumulation cavity (12).

7. The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of slide rails (5) are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer wall of the inner ring sliding layer (11), and the slide rails (5) are distributed from top to bottom along the height of the inner ring sliding layer (11). A slide groove (19) cooperating with the slide rail (5) is arranged at a position corresponding to the slide rail (5) on the layered partition plate A (4). The inner ring sliding layer (11) is slidably separated from the outer ring fixed layer (18) by the cooperation of the slide rail (5) and the slide groove (19).

8. A method for monitoring seepage pressure and flow of a deep buried dam, characterized in that: The buried deep dam seepage pressure and flow monitoring device according to claim 7 is implemented in the following steps: Step 1, during the dam filling process, the buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is buried as a whole to the required measurement position or the design required section. As the dam filling is completed, the buried depth of the entire buried deep dam seepage pressure and seepage monitoring device is completed. After the buried depth, the outer protective shell (1) is located above the buried depth surface; Step 2, after the dam is filled with water, water penetrates into the dam through the surface of the dam. Water at different heights penetrates into the water accumulation chamber (12) from the inside of the dam. Due to the seepage of water into the corresponding water accumulation chamber (12), the fan blade (13) rotates. The rotation speed of the fan blade (13) is the flow rate of water. When the water in each water accumulation chamber (12) accumulates to a certain height, it will touch the annular seepage pressure monitor (8). The fan blade (13) is rotated and monitored by a magnetic rotary encoder. The magnetic rotary encoder and the annular seepage pressure monitor (8) respectively transmit the seepage and seepage pressure measurement data to the data analyzer (2) in real time.

9. The method for monitoring seepage pressure and flow of a deep buried dam according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step 2 specifically comprises: after the dam is filled with water, water penetrates into the dam through the surface of the dam, and water at different heights is filtered from the inside of the dam through the outer filter screen (3-1) and the inner filter screen (3-2) in sequence and then penetrates into the water accumulation chamber (12). Due to the infiltration of water into the corresponding water accumulation chamber (12), the fan blades (13) rotate, and the rotation speed of the fan blades (13) is the flow rate of water. Since the seepage monitoring plates (6) are all distributed in a ring shape around the support column (7) and a plurality of branch support column branches (14) are arranged on the branch support column (14) in different directions, the magnetic rotary encoder on the corresponding fan blade (13) The water seepage velocity in different directions can be measured by measuring the rotation speed of the fan blades (13) on the surrounding seepage monitoring plates (6), and the speed is transmitted to the data analyzer (2) in real time to monitor the water flow in different directions, so as to judge which direction may have cracks. When the water in the water accumulation chamber (12) accumulates to a certain height, it will touch the annular seepage pressure monitor (8). The monitoring threshold of the annular seepage pressure monitor (8) is set. When the annular seepage pressure monitor (8) detects that the seepage pressure reaches the monitoring threshold, the controller controls the electric gate on the drain pipe gate (10) to open, and the water is discharged from the corresponding arched drain pipe (9).

10. The method for monitoring seepage pressure and flow of a deep buried dam according to claim 8, characterized in that: If the seepage velocity in any direction is greater than the safe velocity and the seepage pressure is greater than the safe pressure, it is considered that cracks may exist in the corresponding direction. When cracks are found to exist inside the dam, the inner ring sliding layer (11) is slid out along the slide rail (5) as a whole, and then a monitoring line (16) is arranged below the center of the outer ring fixed layer (18). The lower end of the monitoring line (16) is electrically connected to a crack monitoring device (15). The crack monitoring device (15) is used to detect cracks at locations where cracks may exist, thereby determining whether cracks exist inside the dam.

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