Construction safety management method based on potential safety hazard matrix penalty table

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction safety management method based on a potential safety hazard matrix penalty table, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, representing the possibilities and severity of various potential safety hazards at a construction site with different levels, and combining the possibilities and severity into a plurality of risk matrix diagrams according to the types of construction operations; s2, after various complex problems related to the potential safety hazards are disassembled according to different dimensions, a reflection matrix graph corresponding to each dimension is constructed; and S3, combining the risk matrix graph and the reflection matrix graph to obtain a plurality of potential safety hazard punishment tables of different construction operation categories, and performing different punishment on related persons in charge according to different risk levels and hidden hazard frequencies. The potential safety hazard punishment table combines the advantages of the risk matrix graph and the reflection matrix graph, various potential safety hazards on the construction project can be comprehensively evaluated and timely processed, and the potential safety hazards are effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of project management, and in particular to a construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table. Background Art

[0002] In today's project management field, ensuring the safety of construction sites is of vital importance. In construction, industry and other projects, the existence of safety hazards may lead to serious accidents and losses. In order to prevent accidents, safety hazards need to be discovered and dealt with in a timely manner. However, traditional safety management methods often rely on manual inspection and empirical judgment, which are highly subjective and inefficient, and often make it difficult to effectively conduct a comprehensive assessment and timely treatment of various safety hazards. Therefore, a more scientific and objective method is needed to assess the risk level of safety hazards and effectively punish the relevant responsible persons.

[0003] At present, there is a method and system for managing construction safety hazards, which include: dividing multiple sub-areas to collect data, classifying known safety hazard events, and obtaining a first classification; through comparative analysis of baseline features and control features, selecting corresponding data features and fusion features, and establishing risk assessment models for the first classification respectively; then, according to real-time monitoring data and the risk assessment model, obtaining a first risk probability and a comprehensive risk index for each sub-area; finally, according to the first risk probability, the comprehensive risk index and / or the risk change, issuing an early warning to the sub-area; and according to the early warning processing results and on-site feedback, adjusting the early warning threshold and / or optimizing the risk assessment model, and regularly retraining the risk assessment model.

[0004] However, these measures currently adopted contain at least the following three problems: 1) Incomplete management: The existing construction safety hazard management method is to conduct risk assessment on each sub-area through monitoring data and risk assessment model. The risk assessment model trained by the method may have incomplete model training for various safety hazards, so the management method is not comprehensive enough; 2) Low management efficiency: The existing construction safety hazard management method does not formulate corresponding solutions for the safety hazards found after analyzing the safety hazards at the construction site, which is not conducive to improving management efficiency; 3) Inaccurate hazard assessment results: The existing construction safety hazard management method needs to obtain the first risk probability and comprehensive risk index of each sub-area based on the monitored data and risk assessment model. The risk assessment model is trained regularly and the data is obtained through real-time monitoring, which may lead to inaccurate first risk probability and comprehensive risk index. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the above three problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table. By inventing a safety hazard penalty table that combines a risk matrix diagram and reflects the advantages of the matrix diagram, the problems of low management efficiency and strong subjectivity existing in traditional construction safety hazard management methods are overcome, and the risk level of safety hazards can be evaluated more scientifically and objectively, and reasonable penalties can be imposed on relevant responsible persons.

[0006] This is achieved through the following technical solutions: A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table, the method comprising the following steps: S1, by expressing the possibility and severity of various safety hazards occurring at the construction site with different levels, respectively, and combining them into multiple risk matrix diagrams according to the construction operation category; S2, by decomposing the complex problems related to various safety hazards according to different dimensions, constructing a corresponding reflection matrix diagram for each dimension, and collecting relevant data for each reflection matrix diagram, analyzing the correlation between the reflection matrices of different dimensions according to the relevant data, and formulating targeted solutions based on the analysis results; S3, by combining the risk matrix diagram and the reflection matrix diagram, obtaining a safety hazard penalty table for multiple different construction operation categories; the safety hazard penalty table divides various safety hazards into four levels of extremely high risk, high risk, medium risk and low risk, and imposes different penalties on relevant responsible persons according to different risk levels and hazard frequencies.

[0007] The safety hazard penalty table invented by the method of the present invention has significantly enhanced the safety awareness of construction workers through scientific risk assessment and systematic penalty mechanism, and the probability of occurrence of safety hazards has been greatly reduced; at the same time, the joint liability system of relevant managers has also prompted them to pay more attention to safety management work, ensuring the smooth progress of the project.

[0008] Preferably, in step S2, the relevant data reflecting the matrix diagram at least include: construction site observation records, construction equipment inspection reports, construction personnel assessment scores, and construction environment monitoring data. Through the relevant data, the actual situation of each dimension in different aspects can be intuitively presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of personnel operation, the health status of equipment, the favorable and unfavorable factors of the environment, and the weak links of the management system can be clearly displayed.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2, the associations between the matrices reflecting different dimensions at least include: whether improper operation by construction personnel will accelerate equipment wear or cause failure; the impact of construction environment conditions on construction personnel operation and equipment operation. By analyzing these associations, the key to complex problems can be accurately identified, and it can be determined which factors are the core factors that cause safety hazards, which are secondary factors, and how they interact with each other.

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, the classification of the safety hazard penalty table includes: risk level, position, handling method, penalty rule, hazard frequency and hazard name. By classifying the safety hazard penalty table, the safety hazards can be comprehensively analyzed and handled.

[0011] Preferably, positions include: construction personnel, project leaders, safety managers and construction team leaders; handling methods include: safety education briefing, safety education, verbal warnings and fines; hidden danger frequencies include: ≥1, ≥2, ≥3. When safety hazards occur, reasonable penalties can be imposed on construction personnel and project-related responsible persons to reduce the occurrence of safety hazards.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, in the safety hazard penalty table, the risk levels of various safety hazards correspond to four colors of green, yellow, orange and red according to the four-color diagram, and the four risk level colors correspond to different levels of combinations of possibility and severity. The four risk levels of safety hazards are distinguished on the safety hazard penalty table by the four-color diagram, so that the safety hazard penalty table can be easily understood, executed and operated.

[0013] Preferably, in step S3, the construction personnel penalty rules include: if the same safety hazard of low risk, medium risk or high risk level appears for the first time, safety education, verbal warning and safety education briefing will be carried out respectively, and if it appears again, a fine will be imposed; if the same safety hazard of extremely high risk level appears for the first time, safety education, safety education briefing and fine will be carried out. By setting the penalty rules for construction personnel, the behavior of construction personnel can be further regulated and the safety awareness of construction personnel can be strengthened.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the relevant management personnel penalty rules include: if the same safety hazard of low risk, medium risk or high risk level appears for the first time, then the person will be notified, and if it appears again, then a fine will be imposed; if the same safety hazard of extremely high risk level appears for the first time, then a fine will be imposed. By setting the relevant management personnel penalty rules, the relevant management personnel can be urged to pay more attention to safety management work and ensure the smooth progress of the project.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The technical solution of the present invention, by combining the advantages of the risk matrix diagram and the reflection matrix diagram, invents a safety hazard penalty table, which can more scientifically and objectively evaluate the risk level of safety hazards and impose reasonable penalties on relevant responsible persons; at the same time, the safety hazard penalty table can comprehensively evaluate and promptly handle various safety hazards on construction projects, and effectively prevent the occurrence of safety hazards; and the penalty rules and table classification of the safety hazard penalty table can be flexibly adjusted according to different construction projects and needs, which has strong practicality and can be widely used in the safety management of construction, industrial and other projects, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of a construction safety management method based on the safety hazard matrix penalty table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it is a flow chart of a construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table. First, the possibility and severity of various safety hazards occurring at the construction site are represented by different levels, and they are combined into multiple risk matrix diagrams; then, the complex problems related to various safety hazards are decomposed according to different dimensions, and the corresponding reflection matrix diagram for each dimension is constructed; finally, the risk matrix diagram and the reflection matrix diagram are combined to obtain a safety hazard penalty table, and various safety hazards are comprehensively evaluated and promptly handled through the safety hazard penalty table, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of safety hazards at the construction site.

[0019] The method specifically comprises the following steps: S1. The various potential safety hazards that may occur at the construction site are expressed at different levels according to the possibility of their occurrence and the severity of the consequences after their occurrence. The various potential safety hazards that occur are combined into multiple risk matrix diagrams according to the types of construction operations. The types of construction operations include: personal labor protection, high-altitude edge operations, and hand-held power tools, etc.

[0020] Specifically, the possibility levels include: safety hazards with extremely low probability of occurrence, such as the possibility of small equipment failure when there are perfect safety management measures, skilled personnel and well-maintained equipment; safety hazards with average probability of occurrence, such as the possibility of general violations such as construction personnel not using tools according to operating procedures when there are some conventional interference factors in the normal construction environment; safety hazards with a high probability of occurrence, such as the possibility of serious operational errors such as insecure binding of hoisted objects under complex construction conditions and insufficient personnel training; safety hazards with a very high probability of occurrence, such as the possibility of large-scale collapse, explosion and other safety accidents at the construction site when dangerous high-altitude operations are carried out in extremely severe weather.

[0021] The severity levels include: safety hazards with minor consequences, which will cause minor economic losses or short-term construction delays and have almost no impact on personnel safety, such as minor damage to small tools; safety hazards with relatively minor consequences, which will cause a certain degree of economic losses, such as some parts of the equipment need to be replaced, the construction progress is delayed by 2-3 days, and personnel may suffer minor abrasions and other injuries that can be quickly recovered; safety hazards with medium consequences will cause more obvious economic losses, such as key equipment failures that require repair or partial reconstruction, and the construction progress is delayed by 4-7 days. At the same time, personnel may be injured and require short-term hospitalization; safety hazards with severe consequences will cause more obvious economic losses, such as major equipment is seriously damaged or even scrapped, a large amount of rework leads to a significant increase in costs, and the construction progress is delayed by 8-14 days. At the same time, personnel may be seriously injured and require long-term hospitalization and rehabilitation; safety hazards with catastrophic consequences, such as large-scale collapse, explosion and other accidents at the construction site, resulting in multiple deaths, long-term project suspension or even complete failure, which has a huge negative impact on the company's reputation and society.

[0022] In this embodiment, in step S1, the risk matrix is ​​a risk assessment tool, which represents the possibility of various potential safety hazards and the severity of the consequences after their occurrence with different levels. Through the risk matrix, the potential safety hazards can be analyzed and processed more comprehensively and efficiently, and targeted safety management measures can be taken in time to reduce the probability of potential safety hazards and effectively improve the safety and reliability of the construction project.

[0023] S2. After decomposing the complex problems related to various safety hazards according to different dimensions, the corresponding reflection matrix diagram for each dimension is constructed, and the relevant data for each reflection matrix diagram is collected, including: construction site observation records, construction equipment inspection reports, construction personnel assessment scores, and construction environment monitoring data; then the correlation between the reflection matrices of different dimensions is analyzed based on the relevant data, such as: whether improper operation of construction personnel will accelerate equipment wear or cause failures, and the impact of construction environment conditions on construction personnel operation and equipment operation; and based on the analysis results, the key to the complex problems related to safety hazards is accurately identified, and which factors are the core factors that cause safety hazards, which are secondary factors, and how they interact with each other. At the same time, corresponding solutions are formulated based on the analysis results, including: formulating special training plans for construction personnel operation problems, and designing personalized training courses based on different positions and skill deficiencies; arranging regular in-depth maintenance and equipment update plans for equipment problems; formulating safe operating procedures for different weather and terrain conditions for environmental factors; at the same time, in terms of management system, improving the safety management system, strengthening the supervision and assessment mechanism, and clarifying the responsibilities and work processes of management personnel.

[0024] Among them, by collecting relevant data, the actual situation of each dimension in different aspects can be presented intuitively, clearly showing the advantages and disadvantages of personnel operations, the health status of equipment, the favorable and unfavorable factors of the environment, and the weak links of the management system; and according to the analysis of the reflection matrix diagram, timely adjustment and optimization of the plan after obtaining new data feedback can ensure that complex problems are effectively solved and safety hazards are completely eliminated or effectively controlled.

[0025] In this embodiment, in step S2, the complex problems related to various safety hazards can be divided into: personnel operation dimension, including the skill proficiency of construction personnel, illegal operation habits and safety training participation, etc.; equipment status dimension, including the aging and wear of equipment, maintenance frequency and effect, and reliability of safety protection devices, etc.; environmental condition dimension, including the topography of the construction site, weather changes and the impact of surrounding buildings, etc.; and management system dimension, including the perfection of the safety management system, the supervision and execution strength of management personnel, and the frequency and depth of safety inspections, etc. And construct a corresponding reflection matrix diagram for each dimension. Taking the reflection matrix diagram of the personnel operation dimension as an example, the row can represent different construction positions or types of work, and the column can represent different operation behavior indicators or safety skill elements. Each reflection matrix diagram unit is used to record and quantify the performance or status of the personnel in the position on the corresponding indicator, such as using a value of 1-5 to represent the skill proficiency from low to high. By disassembling the complex problems related to various safety hazards according to different dimensions, the causes of various safety hazards can be comprehensively analyzed, thereby preventing safety hazards from the root.

[0026] S3. By combining the risk matrix and the reflection matrix, a penalty table for safety hazards of different construction operation categories is obtained, including: personal labor protection, hoisting operation, high-altitude edge operation, hot work and handheld power tools, etc.; the penalty table for safety hazards divides various safety hazards into four levels, including: extremely high risk, for example: failure to purchase insurance may result in failure to obtain corresponding compensation in the event of an accident, causing huge economic losses and legal risks to employees and enterprises; high risk, for example: failure to wear welding masks or welding glasses during welding operations may cause serious eye injuries to construction workers; medium risk, for example: failure to use clamps to cut objects or loose or ineffective clamps, which may easily cause displacement and splashing of cutting objects; low risk, for example: during hoisting operations, the commander does not wear obvious signs. Different penalties are imposed on the relevant responsible persons according to different risk levels and hidden danger frequencies, so that the risk level of safety hazards can be evaluated more scientifically and objectively through the penalty table for safety hazards, and reasonable penalties are imposed on the relevant responsible persons.

[0027] In this embodiment, in step S3, in the safety hazard penalty table, the risk levels of various safety hazards correspond to four colors of green, yellow, orange and red according to the four-color diagram, and the four risk level colors correspond to different levels of combinations of possibility and severity. The four risk levels of safety hazards are distinguished on the safety hazard penalty table by the four-color diagram, so that the safety hazard penalty table can be easily understood and is convenient for safety management personnel to analyze and operate.

[0028] In this embodiment, in step S3, the classification of the safety hazard penalty table includes: risk level, position, handling method, penalty rules, frequency of hidden dangers and name of hidden dangers. Among them, the risk level includes: extremely high risk, high risk, medium risk and low risk. The positions include: construction personnel, project leaders, safety managers and construction team leaders. The handling methods include: safety education briefing, safety education, verbal warnings and fines. The penalty rules include: construction personnel penalty rules, if the same safety hazard of low risk, medium risk or high risk level appears for the first time, safety education, verbal warnings and safety education briefing will be carried out respectively, if it appears again, a fine will be imposed; if the same safety hazard of extremely high risk level appears for the first time, safety education, safety education briefing and fines will be carried out. The penalty rules for relevant managers include: if the same safety hazard of low risk, medium risk or high risk level appears for the first time, it will be notified, if it appears again, a fine will be imposed; if the same safety hazard of extremely high risk level appears for the first time, a fine will be imposed. The frequency of hidden dangers includes: ≥1, ≥2, ≥3. By classifying the safety hazard penalty table, safety hazards can be comprehensively analyzed and handled. When safety hazards occur, reasonable penalties can be imposed on construction personnel and project-related responsible persons to reduce the occurrence of safety hazards. At the same time, by setting penalty rules for construction personnel and relevant managers, the behavior of construction personnel can be further regulated, their safety awareness can be strengthened, and relevant managers can be urged to pay more attention to safety management to ensure the smooth progress of the project.

[0029] In this embodiment, other relevant penalty rules include: the count is reset after the penalty, that is, after any person is fined, the number of times the same safety hazard has occurred before will be reset to zero and the count will start again; the hazard record is retained after the personnel is transferred, that is, when the personnel is transferred to other projects, the number of related hazard records will still be retained and will not be reset due to the transfer; special situation handling, that is, for certain specific safety hazards, such as handheld electrician tools without protective covers and objects placed on parapets, even if they are not extremely high-risk hazards, once a violation occurs, a fine will be immediately imposed instead of a warning. By setting up a complete safety hazard penalty mechanism, the behavior of construction personnel can be effectively regulated to prevent the occurrence of safety hazards; at the same time, relevant management personnel are urged to strengthen supervision of construction projects and improve the safety of construction projects.

[0030] In summary, the present invention, by combining the advantages of the risk matrix diagram and the reflection matrix diagram, has invented a safety hazard penalty table, which can more scientifically and objectively evaluate the risk level of safety hazards and impose reasonable penalties on relevant responsible persons; at the same time, the safety hazard penalty table can comprehensively evaluate and promptly deal with various safety hazards in construction projects, and effectively prevent the occurrence of safety hazards; and the penalty rules and table classification of the safety hazard penalty table can be flexibly adjusted according to different construction projects and needs, so it has strong practicality, can be widely used in the safety management of construction, industrial and other projects, effectively improve the safety and reliability of the project, and has significant progress.

[0031] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. By expressing the possibility and severity of various safety hazards at the construction site with different levels, they are combined into multiple risk matrix diagrams according to the construction operation categories; S2. After breaking down the complex problems related to various safety hazards according to different dimensions, construct a corresponding reflection matrix for each dimension, collect relevant data for each reflection matrix, analyze the correlation between the reflection matrices of different dimensions based on the relevant data, and formulate targeted solutions based on the analysis results; S3. By combining the risk matrix and the reflection matrix, a safety hazard penalty table for multiple different construction operation categories is obtained; The safety hazard penalty table divides various safety hazards into four levels: extremely high risk, high risk, medium risk, and low risk, and imposes different penalties on relevant responsible persons based on different risk levels and hazard frequencies.

2. A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the relevant data reflecting the matrix diagram at least includes: construction site observation records, construction equipment inspection reports, construction personnel assessment results and construction environment monitoring data.

3. A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the associations between the matrix diagrams reflecting different dimensions at least include: whether improper operation by construction personnel will accelerate equipment wear or cause failure; and the impact of construction environment conditions on construction personnel operation and equipment operation.

4. A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the safety hazard penalty table classification includes: risk level, position, handling method, penalty rules, hazard frequency and hazard name.

5. A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 4, characterized in that: Positions include: Construction personnel, project managers, safety managers and construction team leaders; The handling methods include: safety education briefing, safety education, verbal warnings and fines; the frequency of hidden dangers includes: ≥1, ≥2, ≥3.

6. A construction safety management method based on a safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, in the safety hazard penalty table, the risk levels of various safety hazards correspond to four colors of green, yellow, orange and red according to a four-color diagram, and the four risk level colors correspond to different levels of combinations of possibility and severity.

7. The construction safety management method based on the safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the construction personnel penalty rules include: if the same safety hazard of low risk, medium risk or high risk level occurs for the first time, safety education, verbal warning and safety education briefing will be carried out respectively; if it occurs again, a fine will be imposed; if the same safety hazard of extremely high risk level occurs for the first time, safety education, safety education briefing and fine will be carried out.

8. The construction safety management method based on the safety hazard matrix penalty table according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the punishment rules for relevant management personnel include: if the same safety hazard of low risk, medium risk or high risk level occurs for the first time, notification will be made, and if it occurs again, a fine will be imposed; if the same safety hazard of extremely high risk level occurs for the first time, a fine will be imposed.

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