Motor operation control system based on gridding

Abstract

The invention provides a motor operation control system based on gridding. The motor operation control system comprises a power conversion circuit, a switch signal acquisition circuit, a cell voltage acquisition circuit, a cell temperature acquisition circuit, a switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, a bus current acquisition circuit, a back electromotive force acquisition circuit, an MCU circuit and a motor driving circuit. The acquisition circuits acquire data and transmit the data to the MCU circuit through AD conversion or IIC interfaces, and the MCU circuit controls the motor driving circuit to drive the motor to operate. The power conversion circuit provides low voltage, and the MCU circuit receives data and sends out a control signal. According to the invention, efficient monitoring and accurate management of the running state of the motor can be realized, and the stability and reliability of the motor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of motor control systems, and more specifically, to a motor operation control system based on gridding. Background Art

[0002] In the field of motor control systems, existing technologies mainly focus on improving the efficiency, stability and safety of motors. DC motor control technology has experienced a development from brushed to brushless. The brushless motor has significantly improved its working efficiency due to its simplified structure, reduced rotor weight, and the use of permanent magnetic materials. In terms of control circuits, brushless DC motors use dedicated integrated circuits and signal processing systems to adjust the motor speed, and trigger protection mechanisms in cases of overcurrent, overheating, etc., to ensure the safety of the motor and operators. As the core of the brushless DC control system, the drive circuit has transitioned from semi-control to full-control power switching devices, forming a complete feedback system. In addition, motor status monitoring technology is also constantly developing. Through the combination of sensor signals, data evaluation and directional communication functions, it can detect motor imbalance, bearing damage and other problems early.

[0003] In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems or defects in the prior art: Although motor control technology has made certain progress, in terms of accurately monitoring and controlling the operating status of the motor, especially in terms of multi-parameter acquisition and real-time control, the existing system still has problems such as low integration, slow response speed and inaccurate data processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a grid-based motor operation control system, comprising: A power conversion circuit, used to convert the battery pack voltage into the low voltage required by the system; A switch signal acquisition circuit, used for acquiring switch signals and transmitting the signals to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; The cell voltage collection circuit is used to collect the cell voltage and transmit the data to the MCU circuit through the IIC interface; The battery cell temperature acquisition circuit is used to collect the battery cell temperature and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; A switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit is used to collect the switch MOS temperature and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; A bus current acquisition circuit is used to collect bus current and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; Back electromotive force acquisition circuit, used for acquiring back electromotive force and transmitting the signal to MCU circuit through AD conversion; MCU circuit, used for receiving data transmitted by each acquisition circuit and controlling the motor drive circuit; The motor driving circuit receives the control signal of the MCU circuit and drives the motor to run; Among them, the input ends of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit are respectively connected to an interface of the first output end of the power conversion circuit, and the output ends of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit are respectively connected to an interface of the first input end of the MCU circuit; the output end of the MCU circuit is connected to the control end of the motor drive circuit; the second output end of the power conversion circuit is connected to the second input end of the MCU circuit.

[0005] Furthermore, the power conversion circuit includes: Diode B5819, regulator 78L12 and regulator 78L05; wherein, Diode B5819, with its anode connected to the battery pack voltage and its cathode connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator 78L12; The voltage regulator 78L12 has its input connected to the cathode of the diode B5819 and its output connected to the capacitors C9 and C10, outputting a +12V voltage; The voltage regulator 78L05 has its input end connected to the output end of the voltage regulator 78L12, and its output end connected to the capacitor C13, and outputs the VDD5 voltage.

[0006] Furthermore, the switch signal acquisition circuit includes: Switch connector J4, voltage divider resistors R1 and R2; Among them, the switch connector J4 has a VDD5 terminal connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit and a GND terminal connected to the ground; The voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, one end of R1 is connected to VBUS_18V, the other end is connected to one end of R2 and one end of capacitor C4, the other end of R2 is grounded, and the other end of C4 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the cell voltage collection circuit comprises: Voltage acquisition chip U2, filter capacitors C5 and C6, and current limiting resistors R3 to R10; Among them, the voltage acquisition chip U2, its VCC terminal is connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, the GND terminal is grounded, and the SDA terminal and SCL terminal are connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit through resistors R8 and R9 respectively; Current limiting resistors R3 to R10 are respectively connected to the cell voltage collection channels to limit the current; Pull-up resistors R11 to R13 are respectively connected to the SCL and SDA lines of the voltage acquisition chip U2 to match the signal level; Filter capacitors C5 and C6 are respectively connected to the cell voltage acquisition channel to filter out noise at the voltage output port.

[0008] Furthermore, the battery core temperature acquisition circuit includes: The voltage divider resistor R15 and the thermistor NTC2, wherein one end of R15 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC2 and one end of capacitor C8, the other end of NTC2 is grounded, and the other end of C8 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit includes: Voltage divider resistor R14 and thermistor NTC1; Among them, one end of R14 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC1 and one end of capacitor C7, the other end of NTC1 is grounded, and the other end of C7 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the bus current acquisition circuit includes: Current limiting resistors R28 and R29 and sampling resistor RS1; Among them, the sampling resistor RS1 has one end connected to the bus current path and the other end connected to the ground; Current limiting resistors R28 and R29, one end of R28 is connected to the output end of RS1, and the other end is connected to the AD sampling port of the MCU circuit, one end of R29 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of R28.

[0011] Furthermore, the back electromotive force collection circuit comprises: Voltage dividing resistors R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and filter capacitors C24, C25, C26; Among them, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R37 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFU of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R40 and one end of the filter capacitor C26, and the other end is connected to the resistance connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFU; One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R38 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFV of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R41 and one end of the filter capacitor C25, and the other end is connected to the resistance connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFV; One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R39 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFW of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R42 and one end of the filter capacitor C24, and the other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFW; The other ends of the filter capacitors C24, C25 and C26 are all grounded.

[0012] Furthermore, the MCU circuit includes: an MCU chip, filter capacitors C1, C2, and C3; Among them, the MCU chip has a VDD terminal connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, a GND terminal connected to the ground, and a DRIVE terminal connected to the motor drive circuit; Filter capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the +12V and VDD5 power lines respectively to filter out power clutter; The filter capacitor C3 is connected to the VDD5 power line to filter out power supply noise.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor drive circuit comprises: NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6, gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27, pull-down resistors R18 to R28, bus current sampling resistor RS1 and motor connectors J1 to J3; Among them, the gates of the NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 are respectively connected to the DRIVE terminal of the MCU circuit, the source is grounded, and the drain is connected to the motor; The gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS transistors Q1 to Q6 to limit the gate current; Pull-down resistors R18 to R28 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS transistors Q1 to Q6 to pull down the gate voltage; The bus current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the power input terminal of the motor drive circuit and is used to collect the bus current; The motor connectors J1 to J3 are respectively connected to corresponding terminals of the motor for transmitting motor drive signals.

[0014] According to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: the motor operation control system of the present invention can realize comprehensive monitoring of the motor operation status by integrating multiple acquisition circuits. The power conversion circuit can stably convert the battery pack voltage into the low voltage required by the system, which can ensure the stable power supply of the system. The setting of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit enables the system to collect the key parameters of the motor operation in real time, and transmit them to the MCU circuit through AD conversion or IIC interface. Such a design can improve the accuracy and real-time performance of data acquisition, and can provide reliable data support for the precise control of the motor.

[0015] In addition, the MCU circuit receives the data transmitted by each acquisition circuit and controls the motor drive circuit accordingly. The motor drive circuit receives the control signal of the MCU circuit and drives the motor to operate. This control method can effectively improve the response speed and operating efficiency of the motor, reduce energy loss, and enhance the stability and reliability of the system. By accurately controlling the operating status of the motor, the service life of the motor can be extended, the maintenance cost can be reduced, and the economic benefits of the overall system can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, in which: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a grid-based motor operation control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power conversion circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a switch signal acquisition circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cell voltage acquisition circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery core temperature acquisition circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bus current acquisition circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a back electromotive force acquisition circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an MCU circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a motor drive circuit provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The principles and spirit of the present invention will be described below with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0018] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as a system, device, apparatus, method or computer program product. Therefore, the present invention may be implemented in the following forms, namely, complete hardware, complete software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

[0019] It should be noted that any number of elements in the drawings is for illustration rather than limitation, and any naming is only for distinction and does not have any limiting meaning.

[0020] Reference below Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a grid-based motor operation control system provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system includes: A power conversion circuit, used to convert the battery pack voltage into the low voltage required by the system; A switch signal acquisition circuit, used for acquiring switch signals and transmitting the signals to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; The cell voltage collection circuit is used to collect the cell voltage and transmit the data to the MCU circuit through the IIC interface; The battery cell temperature acquisition circuit is used to collect the battery cell temperature and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; A switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit is used to collect the switch MOS temperature and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; A bus current acquisition circuit is used to collect bus current and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; Back electromotive force acquisition circuit, used for acquiring back electromotive force and transmitting the signal to MCU circuit through AD conversion; MCU circuit, used for receiving data transmitted by each acquisition circuit and controlling the motor drive circuit; The motor driving circuit receives the control signal of the MCU circuit and drives the motor to run; Among them, the input ends of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit are respectively connected to an interface of the first output end of the power conversion circuit, and the output ends of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit are respectively connected to an interface of the first input end of the MCU circuit; the output end of the MCU circuit is connected to the control end of the motor drive circuit; the second output end of the power conversion circuit is connected to the second input end of the MCU circuit.

[0022] It should be noted that this embodiment shows a grid-based motor operation control system, which includes a power conversion circuit, a switch signal acquisition circuit, a battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, a battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, a switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, a bus current acquisition circuit, a back electromotive force acquisition circuit, an MCU circuit and a motor drive circuit. The power conversion circuit is responsible for converting the battery pack voltage into the low voltage required by the system for use by other parts of the system. The MCU circuit, as the core control unit of the system, receives data from each acquisition circuit and controls the motor drive circuit based on these data, thereby driving the motor to run.

[0023] Specifically, the power conversion circuit may include specific electronic components, such as diode B5819, voltage regulators 78L12 and 78L05, to achieve voltage conversion and stabilization. The switch signal acquisition circuit collects the switch state through the switch connector J4, voltage divider resistors R1 and R2, and converts the analog signal into a digital signal through an AD converter for processing by the MCU circuit. The cell voltage acquisition circuit collects the cell voltage through the voltage acquisition chip U2, filter capacitors C5 and C6, and current limiting resistors R3 to R10, and transmits the data to the MCU circuit through the IIC interface.

[0024] Preferably, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit can be implemented by a combination of a voltage divider resistor R15 and a thermistor NTC2, wherein one end of R15 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC2 and one end of capacitor C8, the other end of NTC2 is grounded, and the other end of C8 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit. Such a design can ensure accurate measurement of the battery cell temperature, and convert the analog signal into a digital signal through an AD converter for further processing and analysis by the MCU circuit. In addition, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit can be implemented by a combination of a voltage divider resistor R14 and a thermistor NTC1 to monitor the temperature state of the switch MOS and ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0025] like Fig.10 As shown, in some embodiments, a grid-based motor operation control system includes: Diode B5819, regulator 78L12 and regulator 78L05; Among them, the diode B5819 has its anode connected to the battery pack voltage and its cathode connected to the input end of the regulator 78L12; The voltage regulator 78L12 has its input connected to the cathode of the diode B5819 and its output connected to the capacitors C9 and C10, outputting a +12V voltage; The voltage regulator 78L05 has its input end connected to the output end of the voltage regulator 78L12, and its output end connected to the capacitor C13, and outputs the VDD5 voltage.

[0026] It should be noted that this embodiment describes in detail the specific composition and function of the power conversion circuit, which is a key part of the motor operation control system and is responsible for converting the voltage provided by the battery pack into a stable low voltage required by the system. The power conversion circuit includes a diode B5819, a voltage regulator 78L12 and a voltage regulator 78L05, which work together to achieve voltage conversion and stabilization.

[0027] Specifically, the anode of diode B5819 is connected to the battery pack voltage, and the cathode is connected to the input end of the voltage regulator 78L12, which prevents the current from flowing in reverse. The input end of the voltage regulator 78L12 receives the voltage from the diode B5819, and its output end is connected to capacitors C9 and C10, outputting a +12V voltage to provide a stable high voltage for the system. The input end of the voltage regulator 78L05 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulator 78L12, and the output end is connected to capacitor C13, outputting a VDD5 voltage to provide a stable low voltage for the system.

[0028] Preferably, capacitors C9, C10 and C13 play a filtering role in the power conversion circuit, reduce voltage fluctuations, and ensure the stability of the output voltage. In addition, the design of the power conversion circuit may also include other protection measures, such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, etc., to further improve the safety and reliability of the system. In practical applications, appropriate regulator and capacitor parameters can be selected according to the voltage range of the battery pack and the specific needs of the system to achieve the best power conversion effect.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: Switch connector J4, voltage divider resistors R1 and R2; Among them, the switch connector J4 has a VDD5 terminal connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit and a GND terminal connected to the ground; The voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, one end of R1 is connected to VSR, the other end is connected to one end of R2 and one end of capacitor C4, the other end of R2 is grounded, and the other end of C4 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

[0030] It should be noted that this embodiment shows the specific implementation of the switch signal acquisition circuit, which is responsible for collecting the switch state signal and transmitting it to the MCU circuit after voltage division and filtering. The switch signal acquisition circuit includes a switch connector J4, voltage division resistors R1 and R2, and a capacitor C4 for filtering.

[0031] Specifically, the VDD5 end of the switch connector J4 is connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit to provide a stable operating voltage, and the GND end is grounded to ensure the reference potential of the circuit. The voltage divider resistors R1 and R2 form a voltage divider, one end of R1 is connected to VSR, the other end is connected to one end of R2 and one end of capacitor C4, and the other end of R2 is grounded. This configuration allows the voltage obtained from VBUS_18V to be divided between R1 and R2 and filtered through C4 to reduce noise in the signal.

[0032] Preferably, the resistance value selection of the voltage divider resistors R1 and R2 can be based on the required voltage divider ratio and input voltage range. For example, if VBUS_18V is 18V, and the maximum input voltage of the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit is 5V, the required voltage divider ratio can be achieved by selecting appropriate R1 and R2 resistance values. The capacity of capacitor C4 can be selected based on filtering requirements, usually between 0.1μF and 1μF, to effectively filter out high-frequency noise. In addition, in order to improve the stability and anti-interference ability of the system, it is possible to consider adding a voltage regulator diode between R1 and R2 to further stabilize the voltage after voltage division.

[0033] like Figure 4As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: Voltage acquisition chip U2, filter capacitors C5 and C6, and current limiting resistors R3 to R10; Among them, the voltage acquisition chip U2, its VCC terminal is connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, the GND terminal is grounded, and the SDA terminal and SCL terminal are connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit through resistors R8 and R9 respectively; Current limiting resistors R3 to R10 are respectively connected to the cell voltage collection channels to limit the current; Pull-up resistors R11 to R13 are respectively connected to the SCL and SDA lines of the voltage acquisition chip U2 to match the signal level; Filter capacitors C5 and C6 are respectively connected to the cell voltage acquisition channel to filter out noise at the voltage output port.

[0034] It should be noted that this embodiment shows in detail the composition and working principle of the cell voltage acquisition circuit. The cell voltage acquisition circuit is a key part for monitoring the battery cell voltage. It includes a voltage acquisition chip U2, filter capacitors C5 and C6, and current limiting resistors R3 to R10. These components work together to ensure accurate collection and transmission of cell voltage data.

[0035] Specifically, the VCC terminal of the voltage acquisition chip U2 is connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, and the GND terminal is grounded to provide a stable power supply and reference potential. The SDA terminal and the SCL terminal are connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit through pull-up resistors R8 and R9, respectively. These pull-up resistors ensure the stability of I2C communication. Current limiting resistors R3 to R10 are respectively connected to the battery cell voltage acquisition channel to limit the current and protect the circuit from damage by excessive current. Pull-up resistors R11 to R13 are respectively connected to the SCL and SDA lines of the voltage acquisition chip U2 to match the signal level and ensure the accuracy of data transmission. Filter capacitors C5 and C6 are respectively connected to the battery cell voltage acquisition channel to filter out the clutter of the voltage output port and improve the purity of the signal.

[0036] Preferably, the voltage acquisition chip U2 can select a model with multi-channel input, such as SI8667303, to support the acquisition of multiple battery cell voltages. The resistance values ​​of the current limiting resistors R3 to R10 can be selected according to the battery cell voltage and system requirements to ensure that the current is limited within a safe range. The capacity of the filter capacitors C5 and C6 can be selected based on the filtering requirements, usually between 0.1μF and 1μF, to effectively filter out high-frequency noise. In addition, in order to improve the reliability of the system, it is possible to consider adding additional decoupling capacitors to the power pins of the voltage acquisition chip U2 to further reduce the impact of power supply noise on the chip.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: The voltage divider resistor R15 and the thermistor NTC2, wherein one end of R15 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC2 and one end of capacitor C8, the other end of NTC2 is grounded, and the other end of C8 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

[0038] It should be noted that this embodiment shows the composition and function of the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit. The battery cell temperature acquisition circuit is a key component for monitoring the battery cell temperature, which includes a voltage divider resistor R15, a thermistor NTC2, and a filter capacitor C8. These components work together to achieve accurate measurement of the battery cell temperature.

[0039] Specifically, one end of the voltage divider resistor R15 is connected to VDD5, and the other end is connected to one end of NTC2 and one end of capacitor C8. The other end of NTC2 is grounded, and the other end of C8 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit. Thermistor NTC2 is a temperature-sensitive element whose resistance value changes with temperature. Through the combination of voltage divider resistor R15 and NTC2, a voltage divider circuit can be formed to convert temperature changes into voltage changes for reading by the MCU circuit.

[0040] Preferably, the model of thermistor NTC2 is B3435, which is a commonly used negative temperature coefficient thermistor whose resistance value decreases as the temperature increases. The resistance value of the voltage divider resistor R15 can be selected based on the resistance change characteristics of thermistor NTC2 within the operating temperature range, and the input voltage range of the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit. The capacity of the filter capacitor C8 can be selected based on the filtering requirements, usually around 0.1μF, to effectively filter out high-frequency noise in the signal. In addition, in order to improve the accuracy of temperature measurement, it is possible to consider adding a temperature compensation circuit between the thermistor NTC2 and the voltage divider resistor R15 to reduce the impact of ambient temperature changes on the measurement results.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: Voltage divider resistor R14 and thermistor NTC1; Among them, one end of R14 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC1 and one end of capacitor C7, the other end of NTC1 is grounded, and the other end of C7 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

[0042] It should be noted that this embodiment describes the detailed structure and function of the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit. The switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit is an important part for monitoring the temperature of the switch MOS tube. It consists of a voltage divider resistor R14, a thermistor NTC1, and a filter capacitor C7. These components work together to ensure that the temperature of the switch MOS tube can be accurately measured and transmitted to the MCU circuit.

[0043] Specifically, one end of the voltage divider resistor R14 is connected to VDD5, and the other end is connected to one end of the thermistor NTC1 and one end of the capacitor C7. The other end of the thermistor NTC1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit. The thermistor NTC1 is a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and its resistance value decreases as the temperature increases. Through the combination of the voltage divider resistor R14 and NTC1, a voltage divider circuit can be formed to convert temperature changes into voltage changes for the MCU circuit to read.

[0044] Preferably, the model of thermistor NTC1 is B3435, which is a commonly used thermistor suitable for temperature measurement applications. The resistance value of the voltage divider resistor R14 should be selected taking into account the resistance change characteristics of thermistor NTC1 within the operating temperature range and the input voltage range of the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. The capacity of the filter capacitor C7 can be selected based on the filtering requirements, usually around 0.1μF, to effectively filter out high-frequency noise in the signal.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to improve the stability of temperature measurement, it is possible to consider adding a temperature compensation circuit between thermistor NTC1 and voltage divider resistor R14 to reduce the impact of ambient temperature changes on the measurement results. At the same time, it is also possible to consider using a higher-precision thermistor or a digital temperature sensor to further improve the accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: Current limiting resistors R28 and R29 and sampling resistor RS1; Among them, the sampling resistor RS1 has one end connected to the bus current path and the other end connected to the ground; Current limiting resistors R28 and R29, one end of R28 is connected to the output end of RS1, and the other end is connected to the AD sampling port of the MCU circuit, one end of R29 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of R28.

[0047] It should be noted that this embodiment shows the design and function of the bus current acquisition circuit. The bus current acquisition circuit is responsible for monitoring the magnitude of the bus current in the motor drive system. It includes current limiting resistors R28 and R29, sampling resistor RS1, and operational amplifiers. These components work together to convert the bus current into a voltage signal for AD conversion and processing by the MCU circuit.

[0048] Specifically, the sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the bus current path, and the other end is grounded, which is used to convert the current flowing through it into a voltage drop. The current limiting resistors R28 and R29 cooperate with the sampling resistor RS1, one end of R28 is connected to the output end of RS1, and the other end is connected to the AD sampling port of the MCU circuit. One end of R29 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of R28, which is used to limit the current flowing through the AD sampling port and protect the MCU circuit. The operational amplifier is configured as a differential amplifier, and its input terminals AMPOO and AMPOM are connected to R28 and R29 respectively, which are used to amplify the voltage drop on the sampling resistor RS1 to improve the readability of the signal.

[0049] Preferably, the resistance value of the sampling resistor RS1 should be selected taking into account the magnitude of the bus current and the system's tolerance to voltage drop to ensure that a sufficient voltage signal is obtained without consuming too much energy. The resistance values ​​of the current limiting resistors R28 and R29 should be selected based on the maximum input current of the AD sampling port of the MCU circuit to prevent overcurrent. The selection of the operational amplifier should take into account its gain, input bias current, and power supply voltage range to ensure the stability and accuracy of the circuit. In addition, in order to improve the accuracy of current measurement, it is possible to consider adding high-precision resistors in the feedback loop of the operational amplifier, or using a higher-precision operational amplifier.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, the back electromotive force collection circuit includes: Voltage dividing resistors R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and filter capacitors C24, C25, C26; Among them, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R37 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFU of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R40 and one end of the filter capacitor C26, and the other end is connected to the resistance connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFU; One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R38 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFV of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R41 and one end of the filter capacitor C25, and the other end is connected to the resistance connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFV; One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R39 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFW of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R42 and one end of the filter capacitor C24, and the other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFW; The other ends of the filter capacitors C24, C25 and C26 are all grounded.

[0051] One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R37 is simultaneously connected to the back-EMF output terminal EMFU of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R40, and one end of the filter capacitor C26. The back-EMF generated by the motor operation is output from EMFU, and R37 introduces the signal into the acquisition circuit. Its other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back-EMF output terminal EMFU, and a voltage-dividing network is formed by other resistors connected to the node to reduce the high voltage of the back-EMF to a level suitable for subsequent circuit processing. Similarly, one end of R38 is connected to EMFV, R41, and C25, and the other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to EMFV; one end of R39 is connected to EMFW, R42, and C24, and the other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to EMFW, and the back-EMF signals from EMFV and EMFW are respectively divided. The other ends of the filter capacitors C24, C25, and C26 are all grounded. When the motor is running, the back-EMF signal will be mixed with clutter, interfering with measurement and processing. C24 is connected to the corresponding node, which can introduce the noise of the node into the ground, making the signal input to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit purer and more accurate. Similarly, C25 and C26 filter out noise at their respective connection nodes, improve the accuracy and stability of back-EMF acquisition, and provide reliable data support for motor operation status monitoring and control.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: MCU chip, filter capacitors C1, C2, C3; Among them, the MCU chip has a VDD terminal connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, a GND terminal connected to the ground, and a DRIVE terminal connected to the motor drive circuit; Filter capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the +12V and VDD5 power lines respectively to filter out power clutter; The filter capacitor C3 is connected to the VDD5 power line to filter out power supply noise.

[0053] It should be noted that this embodiment shows the specific composition and function of the MCU circuit. The MCU circuit is the brain of the motor operation control system, responsible for receiving data from various acquisition circuits, processing this information, and outputting control signals to drive the motor. The circuit includes an MCU chip, filter capacitors C1, C2, C3, and a connection with the motor drive circuit.

[0054] Specifically, the VDD terminal of the MCU chip is connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, and the GND terminal is grounded to ensure that the MCU chip obtains a stable operating voltage. The DRIVE terminal is connected to the motor drive circuit for transmitting control signals. Filter capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the +12V and VDD5 power lines respectively to filter out high-frequency noise on the power lines and ensure the stability of the power supply. Filter capacitor C3 is connected to the VDD5 power line to further filter out power clutter and provide clean power for the MCU chip.

[0055] Preferably, the MCU chip should be selected with sufficient processing power and enough I / O ports to meet the system's needs for data processing and control. The capacity of the filter capacitors C1, C2, and C3 should be selected based on the noise characteristics on the power line and the power requirements of the MCU chip, usually between 10μF and 100μF. In addition, in order to improve the system's anti-interference ability, you can consider adding additional decoupling capacitors to the power pins of the MCU chip, or adopting more advanced power management solutions. In the transmission of motor drive signals, you can consider using isolated drive technology to reduce the impact of motor noise on the MCU circuit.

[0056] like Fig. 9 As shown, a grid-based motor operation control system in some embodiments includes: NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6, gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27, pull-down resistors R18 to R28, bus current sampling resistor RS1 and motor connectors J1 to J3; Among them, the gates of the NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 are respectively connected to the DRIVE terminal of the MCU circuit, the source is grounded, and the drain is connected to the motor; The gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS transistors Q1 to Q6 to limit the gate current; Pull-down resistors R18 to R28 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS transistors Q1 to Q6 to pull down the gate voltage; The bus current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the power input terminal of the motor drive circuit and is used to collect the bus current; The motor connectors J1 to J3 are respectively connected to corresponding terminals of the motor for transmitting motor drive signals.

[0057] It should be noted that this embodiment describes in detail the composition and function of the motor drive circuit. The motor drive circuit is a key part of the motor control system. It receives the control signal from the MCU circuit and drives the motor to operate accordingly. The circuit includes NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6, gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27, pull-down resistors R18 to R28, bus current sampling resistors RS1, and motor connectors J1 to J3.

[0058] Specifically, the gates of the NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 are respectively connected to the DRIVE terminal of the MCU circuit, the source is grounded, and the drain is connected to the motor. The gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 to limit the gate current and protect the NMOS tube from damage by excessive current. The pull-down resistors R18 to R28 are also connected between the gate and source of the NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 to pull down the gate voltage when there is no drive signal to ensure that the NMOS tube is in the off state. The bus current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the power input terminal of the motor drive circuit to collect the bus current for current monitoring. The motor connectors J1 to J3 are respectively connected to the corresponding terminals of the motor to transmit the motor drive signal.

[0059] Preferably, the selection of NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 should be based on the voltage and current requirements of the motor, as well as the driving capability of the MCU circuit. The resistance values ​​of the gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27 should be selected based on the gate charge characteristics of the NMOS tube and the driving capability of the MCU circuit to ensure that the gate current is within a safe range. The resistance values ​​of the pull-down resistors R18 to R28 should take into account the system's requirements for response speed and power consumption, usually between a few kΩ and tens of kΩ. The resistance value of the bus current sampling resistor RS1 should be selected based on the size of the bus current and the resolution of the ADC to ensure sampling accuracy.

[0060] Furthermore, in order to improve the reliability of the system, it is possible to consider adding a protection diode between the drain and source of the NMOS tube to prevent the motor reverse electromotive force from damaging the NMOS tube. Alternatively, it is also possible to consider using a motor driver chip with integrated protection function to simplify the circuit design.

[0061] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The motor operation control system described in the present invention can improve the accuracy and response speed of motor control through a carefully designed circuit structure and data acquisition mechanism. The configuration of the power conversion circuit, including diode B5819, regulators 78L12 and 78L05, can ensure that the system obtains a stable low-voltage power supply, providing a basis for the stable operation of the motor. The design of each acquisition circuit, such as the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, etc., can accurately collect the key parameters of the motor operation in real time, and transmit them to the MCU circuit through AD conversion or IIC interface, providing data support for the precise control of the motor.

[0062] The integration and optimization design of these acquisition circuits, combined with the data processing capabilities of the MCU circuit, can effectively improve the safety and reliability of motor operation. The motor drive circuit receives the control signal of the MCU and accurately drives the motor to operate, which can reduce energy loss and improve operating efficiency. In addition, through the coordinated work of these circuits, the system can monitor the health of the motor in real time, discover and deal with potential problems in a timely manner, thereby extending the service life of the motor, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing the economic benefits of the system.

[0063] Furthermore, the storage medium of the embodiment of the present application stores program instructions that can implement all the above methods, wherein the program instructions can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or terminal devices such as a computer, a server, a mobile phone, and a tablet.

[0064] The above descriptions are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grid-based motor operation control system, characterized in that: include: A power conversion circuit, used to convert the battery pack voltage into the low voltage required by the system; A switch signal acquisition circuit, used for acquiring switch signals and transmitting the signals to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; The cell voltage collection circuit is used to collect the cell voltage and transmit the data to the MCU circuit through the IIC interface; The battery cell temperature acquisition circuit is used to collect the battery cell temperature and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; A switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit is used to collect the switch MOS temperature and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; A bus current acquisition circuit is used to collect bus current and transmit the signal to the MCU circuit through AD conversion; Back electromotive force acquisition circuit, used for acquiring back electromotive force and transmitting the signal to MCU circuit through AD conversion; MCU circuit, used for receiving data transmitted by each acquisition circuit and controlling the motor drive circuit; The motor driving circuit receives the control signal of the MCU circuit and drives the motor to run; Among them, the input ends of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit are respectively connected to an interface of the first output end of the power conversion circuit, and the output ends of the switch signal acquisition circuit, the battery cell voltage acquisition circuit, the battery cell temperature acquisition circuit, the switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit, the bus current acquisition circuit and the back electromotive force acquisition circuit are respectively connected to an interface of the first input end of the MCU circuit; the output end of the MCU circuit is connected to the control end of the motor drive circuit; the second output end of the power conversion circuit is connected to the second input end of the MCU circuit.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power conversion circuit comprises: Diode B5819, regulator 78L12 and regulator 78L05; wherein, Diode B5819, with its anode connected to the battery pack voltage and its cathode connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator 78L12; The voltage regulator 78L12 has its input connected to the cathode of the diode B5819 and its output connected to the capacitors C9 and C10, outputting a +12V voltage; The voltage regulator 78L05 has its input end connected to the output end of the voltage regulator 78L12, and its output end connected to the capacitor C13, and outputs the VDD5 voltage.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The switch signal acquisition circuit comprises: Switch connector J4, voltage divider resistors R1 and R2; Among them, the switch connector J4 has a VDD5 terminal connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit and a GND terminal connected to the ground; The voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, one end of R1 is connected to VBUS_18V, the other end is connected to one end of R2 and one end of capacitor C4, the other end of R2 is grounded, and the other end of C4 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The cell voltage acquisition circuit comprises: Voltage acquisition chip U2, filter capacitors C5 and C6, and current limiting resistors R3 to R10; Among them, the voltage acquisition chip U2, its VCC terminal is connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, the GND terminal is grounded, and the SDA terminal and SCL terminal are connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit through resistors R8 and R9 respectively; Current limiting resistors R3 to R10 are respectively connected to the cell voltage collection channels to limit the current; Pull-up resistors R11 to R13 are respectively connected to the SCL and SDA lines of the voltage acquisition chip U2 to match the signal level; Filter capacitors C5 and C6 are respectively connected to the cell voltage acquisition channel to filter out noise at the voltage output port.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery core temperature acquisition circuit comprises: The voltage divider resistor R15 and the thermistor NTC2, wherein one end of R15 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC2 and one end of capacitor C8, the other end of NTC2 is grounded, and the other end of C8 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The switch MOS temperature acquisition circuit comprises: Voltage divider resistor R14 and thermistor NTC1; Among them, one end of R14 is connected to VDD5, the other end is connected to one end of NTC1 and one end of capacitor C7, the other end of NTC1 is grounded, and the other end of C7 is connected to the AD acquisition port of the MCU circuit.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The bus current acquisition circuit comprises: Current limiting resistors R28 and R29 and sampling resistor RS1; Among them, the sampling resistor RS1 has one end connected to the bus current path and the other end connected to the ground; Current limiting resistors R28 and R29, one end of R28 is connected to the output end of RS1, and the other end is connected to the AD sampling port of the MCU circuit, one end of R29 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of R28.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The back electromotive force collection circuit comprises: Voltage dividing resistors R37, R38, R39, R40, R41, R42 and filter capacitors C24, C25, C26; Among them, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R37 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFU of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R40 and one end of the filter capacitor C26, and the other end is connected to the resistance connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFU; One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R38 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFV of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R41 and one end of the filter capacitor C25, and the other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFV; One end of the voltage-dividing resistor R39 is simultaneously connected to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFW of the motor, one end of the voltage-dividing resistor R42 and one end of the filter capacitor C24, and the other end is connected to the resistor connection node of the voltage-dividing branch corresponding to the back electromotive force output terminal EMFW; The other ends of the filter capacitors C24, C25 and C26 are all grounded.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The MCU circuit includes: an MCU chip, filter capacitors C1, C2, and C3; Among them, the MCU chip has a VDD terminal connected to the VDD5 output of the power conversion circuit, a GND terminal connected to the ground, and a DRIVE terminal connected to the motor drive circuit; Filter capacitors C1 and C2 are connected to the +12V and VDD5 power lines respectively to filter out power clutter; The filter capacitor C3 is connected to the VDD5 power line to filter out power supply noise.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The motor drive circuit comprises: NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6, gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27, pull-down resistors R18 to R28, bus current sampling resistor RS1 and motor connectors J1 to J3; Among them, the gates of the NMOS tubes Q1 to Q6 are respectively connected to the DRIVE terminal of the MCU circuit, the source is grounded, and the drain is connected to the motor; The gate current limiting resistors R17 to R27 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS transistors Q1 to Q6 to limit the gate current; Pull-down resistors R18 to R28 are respectively connected between the gate and source of the NMOS transistors Q1 to Q6 to pull down the gate voltage; The bus current sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the power input terminal of the motor drive circuit and is used to collect the bus current; The motor connectors J1 to J3 are respectively connected to corresponding terminals of the motor for transmitting motor drive signals.

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