Intelligent flight control paddy field herbicide

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of pesticides, and relates to a paddy field herbicide composition which is composed of penoxsulam and diflufenican as active ingredients. The composition disclosed by the invention has the advantages of expanding the weed control spectrum and reducing the dosage, can be used for intelligent flight prevention of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles, and remarkably saves the labor cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of pesticides and relates to a herbicide composition for paddy fields, which is a herbicide composition for controlling weeds in paddy fields by compounding penoxsulam and diflufenican, and its application in the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight prevention and weeding. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of agricultural modernization, the traditional plant protection method is inefficient and costly. UAV flight prevention and plant protection has become an efficient alternative. With the continuous progress of UAV technology, the level of intelligence and automation has been improved, the operation is more convenient, and the operation is more accurate. Against the background of the reduction of rural labor force, UAV flight prevention and plant protection can effectively alleviate this problem and improve the operation efficiency. At the same time, precise pesticide application can reduce the amount of pesticides used and reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, as an important means, UAV flight prevention and plant protection has broad development prospects and will become an important part of agricultural modernization in the future.

[0003] At present, flight prevention is mainly used in the fields of insecticides, fungicides, etc. The development in the field of herbicides is relatively slow, mainly because herbicides are prone to the risk of phytotoxicity, such as drift problems. When spraying herbicides with UAVs, the liquid medicine may drift with the wind to non-target areas, resulting in damage to adjacent crops or vegetation. In addition, due to the influence of factors such as wind speed and height on the spraying accuracy of UAVs, the distribution of herbicides may be uneven, increasing the risk of phytotoxicity.

[0004] To solve the risk of phytotoxicity in herbicide flight prevention, instead of using the spray treatment method, the granular formulation of the combination of penoxsulam and diflufenican is selected for broadcasting. The herbicide granules are scattered on the surface of the paddy water body and quickly diffuse and decompose when encountering water, avoiding the phytotoxicity caused by the spray method to rice leaves, etc., and minimizing the risk of phytotoxicity to rice to the greatest extent. At the same time, it can also be combined with fertilizer broadcasting to integrally carry out field operations such as weeding and fertilization, improving work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a herbicide composition for paddy fields to expand the weed control spectrum, delay resistance, reduce costs, and be applicable to UAV flight prevention.

[0006] The present invention provides a herbicide composition for paddy fields, which contains penoxsulam and diflufenican.

[0007] In the product of the composition of the present invention, the amount of the active ingredient depends on the application rate of the compound when used alone, but also depends on the ratio of one compound to another and the degree of synergistic effect. Among them, the ratio of the triazolinone herbicide to the isoxazole amide herbicide in the composition is recommended to be 1-10:1-50 based on the weight parts of the active ingredient, and further recommended to be 1:5-1:25.

[0008] The composition of the present invention may also contain a herbicidally acceptable carrier. It is recommended that the active ingredient be 10-90% by total weight, and more preferably 20-30%. The carrier can be solid or liquid, and any carrier commonly used for formulating herbicide compositions can be used. The composition of the present invention can be formulated into liquid formulations, emulsifiable concentrates, suspensions, aqueous suspensions, microemulsions, (aqueous) emulsions, powders, wettable powders, soluble powders, (water-dispersible) granules or capsules, etc.

[0009] These formulations can be prepared by conventional methods. For example, the active substance is mixed with a liquid solvent and / or a solid carrier, and surfactants such as emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, wetting agents are added, and other auxiliaries such as binders, defoamers, oxidants, thickeners, suspending aids, antifreeze agents, etc. can also be added. Therefore, the present invention also includes a method for preparing the above herbicide composition.

[0010] Liquid carriers include water and / or organic solvents. When water is used as a solvent or diluent, organic solvents can also be used as co-solvents or antifreeze additives. Suitable organic solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, xylene, toluene, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes and chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons; chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as vinyl chloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and polychloroethanes; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as petroleum fractions, cyclohexane, light mineral oil and paraffin; however, particularly suitable are polar solvents, namely alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, benzyl alcohol, sugar alcohols and cyclohexanol, etc.; and their ethers and esters; and ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and N-methyl-pyrrolidone. There are also vegetable oils and methyl cellulose. Mixtures of different liquids are often suitable.

[0011] Suitable solid carriers include natural or synthetic clays and silicates such as natural silica and diatomaceous earth; magnesium silicate such as talc; magnesium aluminum silicate such as kaolinite, kaolin, montmorillonite and mica; silica white, calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate; calcium sulfate; limestone; sodium sulfate; ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate, hexamethylenediamine. Synthetic hydrated silica and synthetic calcium silicate or aluminum silicate. Natural and synthetic resins such as benzofuran resins, polymers and copolymers of polyvinyl chloride and styrene. There are also solid polychlorophenols, asphalt, paraffin and solid fertilizers such as superphosphates.

[0012] At least one carrier in the composition of the present invention is a surfactant. The surfactant can be an emulsifier, a dispersant or a wetting agent; it can be ionic or non-ionic. Examples of suitable surfactants include sodium and calcium salts of polyacrylic acid and lignosulfonic acid; polycondensation products of fatty acids or fatty amines containing at least 12 carbon atoms in the molecule with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide. Fatty acid esters of glycerol, dodecanol-1, tetradecanol-1, sorbitol, sucrose or pentaerythritol; and their polycondensation products with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide; sulfates or sulfonates of their polycondensation products; alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of sulfuric acid or sulfonic acid containing at least 10 carbon atoms in the molecule, preferably sodium salts. For example: sodium dodecyl sulfate, secondary alkyl sodium sulfate, sodium salt of sulfonated castor oil and alkyl aryl sulfonate, for example: sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and polymers of ethylene oxide, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.

[0013] In particular, the following substances are commonly used as emulsifiers: non-ionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, polyoxyethylene fatty amines, specific examples such as ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene (n 20 )phenyl ethyl phenol ether oleate, alkyl aryl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, alkyl aryl formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene (n 20 ), ether phosphorylated triethanolamine salt, diphenyl ethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (n 18 )formaldehyde condensate, diphenyl phenol polyoxyethylene (n 18 )polyoxypropylene ether (n 20 )and so on. Or directly use commercially available emulsifiers: agricultural emulsion 0201B, agricultural emulsion 0203B, agricultural emulsion 100 # 、agricultural emulsion 500 # 、agricultural emulsion 600 # 、agricultural emulsion 600-2 # 、agricultural emulsion 1601, agricultural emulsion 2201, agricultural emulsion NP-10, agricultural emulsion NP-15, agricultural emulsion 507 # 、agricultural emulsion OX-635, agricultural emulsion OX-622, agricultural emulsion OX-653, agricultural emulsion OX-667, agricultural emulsion CS-7, Ning emulsion 36 # 。

[0014] The following substances can be used as dispersants: sodium lignosulfonate, Nekal, calcium lignosulfonate, methylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, sodium methylene naphthalenesulfonate, sodium oleoylmethylaminoethylsulfonate, epoxy polyether, p-tert-butyl ether, dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, phosphates such as sodium hexametaphosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene phosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, N-methyl-fatty acyl-taurine sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate, aralkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil ethylene oxide adduct, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether and methyl cellulose.

[0015] The following substances can be used as wetting agents: sodium lauryl sulfate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, alkanoylamido taurine sodium, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, sorbitan fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether, etc.

[0016] The thickening agent can be synthetic such as carboxymethyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate, or natural water-soluble polymers such as xanthan gum, gelatin, gum arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, magnesium aluminum silicate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, phenolic resin, shellac, carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate, etc.

[0017] The defoaming agent is: antifoam agent, silicone, C 8～10 fatty alcohol, C 10～20 saturated fatty acids and amides, etc.

[0018] Oxidants: potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate.

[0019] The product described in the present invention can be in the form of a finished preparation, that is, the substances in the composition have been mixed. However, the components of the composition can also be provided as separate preparations and directly mixed in a barrel (tank) before use. The concentrate of the present invention is usually mixed with water to obtain the required concentration of the active substance.

[0020] Compared with the existing rice paddy herbicides, the composition of the present invention has the following characteristics: 1. Wide herbicidal spectrum and high herbicidal activity The active ingredients penoxsulam and diflufenican have control effects on the main weeds in current rice paddies. The combination of the two active ingredients can improve the herbicidal spectrum and control effect.

[0021] 2. Complementary action characteristics The mechanism of action and site of action of diflufenican are completely different from those of penoxsulam. The main means of weed resistance management is to reduce the selection pressure by mixing and rotating herbicides with different mechanisms of action, so as to delay or control the further expansion of resistant weed communities. The resistance problem of barnyard grass and some broad-leaved weeds in paddy fields to penoxsulam is prominent. Diflufenican has a good effect on barnyard grass and also shows excellent control effects on broad-leaved weeds such as Ludwigia prostrata, Monochoria vaginalis and Monochoria korsakowii, with obvious inhibitory effects. Detailed implementation methods

[0022] The present invention is described in detail by the following specific examples, but the present invention is by no means limited to these examples. All percentages in the formulations are weight percentages.

[0023] According to the formulation requirements, solvents, technical materials and emulsifiers are added respectively and mixed evenly. When necessary, it is dissolved by heating in a hot water bath to obtain a transparent emulsifiable concentrate. Such as the formulations in Examples 1-3.

[0024] Example 1 (5% penoxsulam·diflufenican granule) Penoxsulam 1%, diflufenican 4%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6%, polycarboxylate 4%, sodium chloride 2%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is kaolin. The above formulation is dry-ground, granulated, dried and screened according to the ratio to prepare a 5% granule.

[0025] Example 2 (10% penoxsulam·diflufenican granule) Penoxsulam 2%, diflufenican 8%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6%, polycarboxylate 4%, sodium chloride 2%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is kaolin. The above formulation is dry-ground, granulated, dried and screened according to the ratio to prepare a 10% granule.

[0026] Example 3 (20% penoxsulam·diflufenican granule) Penoxsulam 3%, diflufenican 17%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6%, polycarboxylate 4%, sodium chloride 2%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is kaolin. The above formulation is dry-ground, granulated, dried and screened according to the ratio to prepare a 20% granule.

[0027] Example 4 (30% penoxsulam·diflufenican granule) Penoxsulam 5%, diflufenican 25%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6%, polycarboxylate 4%, sodium chloride 2%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is kaolin. The above formulation is dry-ground, granulated, dried and screened according to the ratio to prepare a 30% granule.

[0028] Example 5 (40% penoxsulam·diflufenican granule) Penoxsulam 10%, diflufenican 30%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6%, polycarboxylate 4%, sodium chloride 2%, polyethylene glycol 3%, and the balance is kaolin. The above formula is dry-ground, granulated, dried, and sieved in proportion to prepare a 40% granule.

[0029] The greenhouse pot activity determination test was carried out on the above herbicide compositions to compare the herbicidal activities between the compositions and between the compositions and single agents. The results showed that all the herbicide compositions exhibited high control efficacy against the tested weeds. Compared with the single agents, the herbicidal activity was improved, the efficacy exertion speed was accelerated, the weed control spectrum was broadened, and the use cost was reduced.

[0030] Herbicide composition formulation screening test: The test soil was collected from an unsprayed plot, and the diameter of the pots for the herbicidal activity test was 9.5 cm.

[0031] The pre-emergence test treatment was carried out by the greenhouse pot method. Soil surface spraying treatment was carried out one day after sowing, and the treatment liquid was the formulation of each single agent diluted with water to the required dose.

[0032] After the treated pots were left standing for 1 day, they were placed in the greenhouse and watered regularly. After 21 days, the herbicidal activity of each replicate of the compound was observed and recorded by visual inspection, and the average herbicidal activity was calculated.

[0033] The herbicidal activity of the compound was visually inspected based on the degree of plant damage symptoms (inhibition, malformation, chlorosis, albinism). 0 indicates no herbicidal effect or safety to crops, and 100% indicates complete killing of weeds or crops. The visual inspection evaluation criteria for herbicidal activity and crop safety are shown in Table 1, and the target organisms selected for the bioactivity determination test are shown in Table 2.

[0034] Table 1 Visual inspection evaluation criteria for herbicidal activity and crop safety Phytotoxicity (%) Herbicidal activity comments (inhibition, malformation, albinism, etc.) Crop safety comments (inhibition, malformation, albinism, etc.) 0 Same as control, tolerant, rejected Same as control, tolerant, normal 10-20 Slight, slightly affected, rejected Slight, slightly affected, can be considered 30-40 Slight, affected, rejected Sensitive, affected, rejected 50-60 Sensitive, affected, can be considered for further modification Relatively sensitive, severe phytotoxicity, rejected 70-80 Relatively sensitive, can be considered Highly sensitive, severe phytotoxicity, rejected 90-100 Highly sensitive, good Highly sensitive, severe phytotoxicity, rejected The evaluation method for the combined action type of the composition is as follows: The Gowing method is an evaluation method for the combined action type of herbicide mixtures proposed in 1960. The specific steps are to first determine the control efficacy of the single agent and the mixture against the target weeds, calculate the theoretical control efficacy of the mixture through the measured control efficacy of the single agent, and then compare it with the measured control efficacy of the mixture to evaluate the combined action type.

[0035] The formula for calculating the theoretical control efficacy is: E 0 = X + Y - XY / 100. Where X and Y are the measured control efficacy values (%) of the two single agents respectively, E is the measured control efficacy value (%), and E 0 is the theoretical control efficacy value (%).

[0036] The pre-emergence herbicidal activity results of the mixture of penoxsulam and flufenacet at different ratios are shown in Table 3: The results indicate that the measured control efficacy (E) of the mixture of penoxsulam and flufenacet against Leptochloa chinensis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Monochoria vaginalis, and Cyperus difformis is greater than the theoretical control efficacy (E0). This shows that the mixture of penoxsulam and flufenacet has a synergistic effect.

[0037] Table 2 Measured and theoretical control efficacy of pre-emergence treatment with different ratios of the mixture of penoxsulam and flufenacet (%)

[0038] Results of the aerial spraying herbicidal test in paddy fields:

[0039] Test agents: Example 1 (5% penoxsulam·flufenacet granule), 20 g a.i . / / hm 2 Example 2 (10% penoxsulam·flufenacet granule), 20 g a.i . / / hm 2 Example 3 (20% penoxsulam·flufenacet granule), 20 g a.i . / / hm 2 Example 4 (30% penoxsulam·flufenacet granule), 20 g a.i . / / hm 2 Example 5 (40% penoxsulam·flufenacet granule), 20 g a.i . / / hm 2 Control 1: 5% penoxsulam granule, 50 g a.i . / / hm 2 Control 2: 10% flufenacet granule, 60 g a.i . / / hm 2 The test plot is located in Xinggongshan Village, Dongpu Town, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province. The crop is rice, and the variety is Yongyou 1540. The medicine was applied on June 10, 2024, with a total of one application. The application was carried out 3 days after the mechanical transplanting of rice, and the field weeds had not emerged yet. An intelligent controlled plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (GST-620S type) was used, with a flight height of 3 m, a flight speed of 5 m / s, a spraying width of 3 m, and an application rate of 2 kg of medicine per mu. When spreading, the water depth in the paddy field was 5 - 10 cm; after the application, the water was retained for 3 - 5 days.

[0040] The experimental investigation was carried out in accordance with the provisions of the national standard GB / T 17980.40-2000 "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Trials of Pesticides (Part 1) Herbicides for Controlling Weeds in Paddy Fields". Three points were randomly selected in each plot, and each point was 0.25 m 2 square. The weed species, plant numbers and fresh weights within the points were recorded, and the control efficacy was calculated.

[0041] The experimental results showed that: the herbicidal composition of penoxsulam and flufenicol both showed high control efficacy against weeds in paddy fields. Compared with the single agents of flufenicol and penoxsulam, the herbicidal activity was improved. At the same time, it was safe for rice.

[0042] Table 3 Experimental results of controlling weeds in paddy fields

Claims

1. A rice field herbicide composition, characterized in that The herbicide penoxsulam and difluanid are contained as active components, wherein the mass ratio of penoxsulam to difluanid is 1-10:1-50.

2. The herbicide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of penoxsulam and difluanid is 1-5:1-25.

3. The herbicidal composition according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass ratio of penoxsulam and difluanid is 5:

25.

4. The herbicidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The composition contains penoxsulam and difluanid as main ingredients and any dosage form prepared with adjuvants permitted in pesticides.

5. The herbicide composition according to claim 4, wherein the active ingredient is preferably 10 to 90% of the total weight, and more preferably 20 to 30%.

6. The herbicide composition according to claim 5, characterized in that The dosage form is liquid, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension, aqueous suspension, microemulsion, emulsion, powder, wettable powder, soluble powder, granule or capsule.

7. Use of the composition of claim 6 in controlling weeds in rice fields using intelligent equipment such as plant protection drones.

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