High-strength and high-plasticity electric arc additive manufacturing nanoparticle-containing reinforced magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing Ti powder, Nb powder, B4C powder and BN powder to obtain mixed powder, and uniformly mixing the mixed powder with aluminum powder according to different proportions to obtain three kinds of mixed powder, and the three kinds of mixed powder are placed in an aluminum thin cylinder layer by layer according to a certain volume ratio from top to bottom, sealing is conducted, and the multi-component powder mixed aluminum cylinder is obtained. After an aluminum column is added in the magnesium alloy melting process, casting, mechanical stirring, ultrasonic treatment, homogenization treatment, hot drawing treatment, annealing treatment and electric arc additive manufacturing are conducted, and finally the high-strength and high-plasticity electric arc additive manufactured nano-particle-containing strengthened magnesium alloy is obtained. The yield strength of the obtained magnesium alloy is larger than or equal to 149 MPa, the tensile strength is larger than or equal to 241 MPa, and the ductility is larger than or equal to 22.8%. According to the magnesium alloy industrialization method, the element adding content is reduced, the process is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the strength and plasticity can be synchronously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium alloys, and in particular relates to a high-strength plastic arc additively manufactured magnesium alloy containing nanoparticles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a lightweight alloy, magnesium alloy is widely used in manufacturing industries such as automobile, aerospace, biomedical and military industries due to its advantages such as low density, degradability and high biocompatibility. In many fields, magnesium alloys need to have high strength to ensure their application, such as aircraft structural parts, body structural parts and automobile chassis parts. However, magnesium alloys have poor plasticity, and ensuring that they have both high strength and high plasticity has become the biggest limitation for the widespread application of magnesium alloys. Existing methods often increase the strength of magnesium alloys by adding rare earth elements, but the increase of rare earth elements will complicate the casting process. For example, the increase of rare earth elements will increase the melting temperature, and the addition of rare earth elements may increase the impurity content during the casting process, and the slag removal process needs to be further improved. In addition, the addition of rare earth elements is often accompanied by a decrease in plasticity while improving strength, and it is impossible to achieve a simultaneous improvement in strength and plasticity, and the expensive price of rare earth elements also limits their widespread application. At present, the strength and plasticity of magnesium alloys are also improved by deformation processes of magnesium alloys, such as ECAP and rolling, but the deformation process of magnesium alloys is very cumbersome, and the control requirements for parameters such as deformation temperature are high, which is not suitable for large-scale production. Therefore, how to reduce the element addition content, simplify the process, reduce costs, and simultaneously improve the strength and plasticity of magnesium alloys and realize the industrial production of magnesium alloys is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-strength plastic arc additive manufacturing containing nanoparticles reinforced magnesium alloy, and its preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0004] Step 1: At room temperature, according to the mass percentage: Ti: 30-60%, Nb: 10-40%, B 4 C: 2-50%, BN: 2-50%, Ti powder, Nb powder, B 4 C powder and BN powder are put into a ball mill at a rotation speed of 50-80 rpm and mixed for 6-8 hours to obtain mixed powder 1;

[0005] Step 2, respectively mixing the mixed powder 1 obtained in step 1 with pure aluminum powder according to the mass percentage: mixed powder 1: 85-90%, pure aluminum powder: 5-12%, mixed powder 1: 67-77%, pure aluminum powder: 24-36%, mixed powder 1: 40-50%, pure aluminum powder: 40-50%, in a ball mill at a speed of 40-60 rpm for 4-6 hours to obtain mixed powder 2, mixed powder 3 and mixed powder 4;

[0006] Step 3: According to the mass ratio: mixed powder 2: 5-20%, mixed powder 3: 5-20%, mixed powder 4: 10%-90%, place the mixed powder 2, mixed powder 3, and mixed powder 4 in step 2 layer by layer in the aluminum thin cylinder from top to bottom, seal the aluminum thin cylinder with a packaging machine, and finally prepare a multi-component powder mixed aluminum cylinder;

[0007] Step 4: Under the protection of a CO 2 and SF 6 mixed gas with a volume ratio of 99:1, heat the magnesium alloy to 700-800 °C and keep it warm for 60-90 min to obtain a magnesium alloy melt, then gradually insert the aluminum cylinder obtained in step 3 into the magnesium alloy melt, perform mechanical stirring for 3-5 min, and then perform ultrasonic treatment for 3-5 min, and then cast it into an as-cast magnesium alloy ingot. After the as-cast magnesium alloy ingot is water-cooled for 10-20 min, perform homogenization treatment to obtain a magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles;

[0008] The chemical composition of the magnesium alloy described in step 4 is: Al: 2.0-3.0 wt.%; Zn: 0.40-0.50 wt.%; Sn: 0.05-0.15 wt.%; Ca: 0.05-0.15 wt.%; Mn: 0.2-0.4 wt.%; Sm: 0.1-0.2 wt.%; Y: 0.05-0.15 wt.%; Sc: 0.05-0.10 wt.%; the balance is Mg;

[0009] The mass ratio of the aluminum cylinder in the magnesium alloy melt is 0.5-2.0 wt.%;

[0010] The mechanical stirring: the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm;

[0011] The ultrasonic treatment: the ultrasonic frequency is 20-40 kHz, and the ultrasonic power is 500-1000 W;

[0012] The homogenization treatment: keep it warm at 300-500 °C for 2-3 h and at 400-600 °C for 5-7 h;

[0013] Step 5: Perform hot extrusion treatment on the magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles obtained in step 4 to obtain a magnesium alloy rod reinforced with nanoparticles, and then perform drawing forming, annealing treatment and surface treatment at room temperature to obtain a magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles;

[0014] The hot extrusion treatment: the extrusion temperature is 300-500 °C, the extrusion ratio is 15-20:1, and the extrusion rate is 5-6 m / min;

[0015] The drawing forming: drawing is carried out 5-10 times at room temperature, and the diameter reduction rate of each drawing is 10-15%;

[0016] The annealing treatment: the annealing temperature is 200-250 °C, and the annealing time is 60-90 min;

[0017] The surface treatment: includes mechanical scraping, surface cleaning and passivation treatment;

[0018] Step 6: The high-plastic magnesium alloy wire containing nanoparticle reinforcement obtained in Step 5 is subjected to single-pass 30-35 layer TIG arc additive manufacturing under argon protection to obtain a high-strength and high-plastic arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy containing nanoparticle reinforcement;

[0019] The TIG is non-consumable gas shielded arc welding;

[0020] The TIG arc additive manufacturing: the wire feeding speed is 200-300 m / min, the argon gas flow rate is 10-50 L / min, the deposition current is 70-200 A, the additive manufacturing speed is 2-10 mm / s, and the alternating current frequency is 120-220 Hz.

[0021] Further, the particle size of the Ti powder in Step 1: 10-50 μm, B 4 The particle size of the C powder: 5-40 μm, the particle size of the Nb powder: 10-100 μm, and the particle size of the BN powder: 200-700 nm.

[0022] Further, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder in Step 2 is 10-100 μm. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is the horizontal direction stress-strain tensile curve graph of the high-strength and high-plastic arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy containing nanoparticle reinforcement 1 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the vertical direction stress-strain tensile curve graph of the high-strength and high-plastic arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy containing nanoparticle reinforcement 1 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is the horizontal direction stress-strain tensile curve graph of the high-strength and high-plastic arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy containing nanoparticle reinforcement 2 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is the vertical direction stress-strain tensile curve graph of the high-strength and high-plastic arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy containing nanoparticle reinforcement 2 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A multi-component powder mixed aluminum cylinder, and its preparation method steps include the following:

[0030] Step 1: At room temperature, put Ti powder, Nb powder, B 4 C powder and BN powder into a ball mill with a rotation speed of 50 rpm according to the mass ratio of 3:3:2:2 and mix for 6 h to obtain mixed powder 1;

[0031] The particle size of the Ti powder is 20 μm, the particle size of the Nb powder is 50 μm, B 4 The particle size of the C powder is 15 μm, and the particle size of the BN powder is 600 nm;

[0032] Step 2: Respectively mix the mixed powder 1 obtained in Step 1 with pure aluminum powder according to the mass ratios of 9:1, 7:3, and 1:1 in a ball mill with a rotation speed of 60 rpm for 6 h to obtain mixed powder 2, mixed powder 3, and mixed powder 4;

[0033] The particle size of the pure aluminum powder is 15 μm;

[0034] Step 3: Place the mixed powder 2, mixed powder 3, and mixed powder 4 in Step 2 layer by layer in the upper, middle, and lower order according to the mass ratio of 1:1:8 in an aluminum thin cylinder, and use a packaging machine to seal the aluminum thin cylinder, and finally prepare a multi-component powder mixed aluminum cylinder.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy 1 containing nano-particles, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Under the protection of a CO 2 and SF 6 mixed gas with a volume ratio of 99:1, heat the magnesium alloy to 720 °C and keep it warm for 90 min to obtain a magnesium alloy melt. Then gradually insert the multi-component powder mixed aluminum cylinder obtained in Example 1 into the magnesium alloy melt, perform mechanical stirring for 3 min, and then perform ultrasonic treatment for 3 min, and then cast it into a as-cast magnesium alloy ingot. After the as-cast magnesium alloy ingot is water-cooled for 20 min, perform homogenization treatment to obtain a magnesium alloy ingot containing nano-particles;

[0038] The mass ratio of the multi-component powder mixed aluminum column to the magnesium alloy is 0.8%:1;

[0039] The mechanical stirring: the stirring speed is 100 rpm;

[0040] The ultrasonic treatment: the ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz and the ultrasonic power is 600 W;

[0041] By mass percentage, the chemical composition of the magnesium alloy is: Al: 2.45 wt.%; Zn: 0.45 wt.%; Sn: 0.1 wt.%; Ca: 0.1 wt.%; Mn: 0.3 wt.%; Sm: 0.11 wt.%; Y: 0.1 wt.%; Sc: 0.08 wt.%; the balance is Mg;

[0042] The homogenization treatment: keep warm at 320 °C for 2 h, and then keep warm at 420 °C for 6 h;

[0043] Step 2: The magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles obtained in Step 1 is subjected to hot extrusion treatment to obtain a magnesium alloy bar reinforced with nanoparticles, and then it is subjected to drawing forming, annealing treatment and surface treatment at room temperature to obtain a magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles;

[0044] The hot extrusion treatment: the extrusion temperature is 400 °C, the extrusion ratio is 15:1, and the extrusion rate is 5 m / min;

[0045] The drawing treatment: draw 5 times at room temperature, and the reduction rate of each drawing is 15%;

[0046] The annealing treatment: the annealing temperature is 225 °C and the annealing time is 60 min;

[0047] The surface treatment: includes mechanical scraping, surface cleaning and passivation treatment;

[0048] Step 3: The high-plasticity magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles obtained in Step 2 is subjected to single-pass thirty-layer TIG arc additive manufacturing under argon protection to obtain a high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy 1 reinforced with nanoparticles;

[0049] The TIG is non-consumable electrode inert gas shielded arc welding;

[0050] The TIG arc additive manufacturing: the wire feeding speed is 250 m / min, the argon gas flow rate is 20 L / min, the deposition current is 120 A, the additive manufacturing speed is 3 mm / s, and the alternating current frequency is 150 Hz.

[0051] In this embodiment, the prepared high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing nanocomposite reinforced magnesium alloy 1 contains uniformly and dispersedly distributed nanoparticles. The horizontal stress-strain tensile curve measured by the room-temperature unidirectional tensile test is as shown in Figure 1 which shows that its yield strength is 150 MPa, the tensile strength is 241 MPa, and the elongation is 22.8%; the vertical stress-strain tensile curve is as shown in Figure 2 which shows that its yield strength is 157 MPa, the tensile strength is 242 MPa, and the elongation is 22.9%. From the above data, it can be known that the high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing nanocomposite reinforced magnesium alloy 1 prepared in this embodiment has very close mechanical properties in the horizontal and vertical directions, indicating that the anisotropy existing in the additive manufacturing process in the prior art overcome in this embodiment, and the strength and plasticity are improved simultaneously; in addition, the alloy addition content in this embodiment is ≤ 4 wt.%, reducing the raw material production cost and contributing to industrial production.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing nanocomposite reinforced magnesium alloy 2, and its preparation method includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Under the protection of a CO 2 and SF 6 mixed gas with a volume ratio of 99:1, heat the magnesium alloy to 720 °C and hold for 90 min to obtain a magnesium alloy melt. Then gradually insert the multi-component powder mixed aluminum column obtained in Example 1 into the magnesium alloy melt, perform mechanical stirring for 3 min, then perform ultrasonic treatment for 3 min, and then cast it into a as-cast magnesium alloy ingot. After the as-cast magnesium alloy ingot is water-cooled for 20 min, perform homogenization treatment to obtain a magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles;

[0055] The mass ratio of the aluminum column to the magnesium alloy is 1.3%:1;

[0056] The mechanical stirring: the stirring speed is 100 rpm;

[0057] The ultrasonic treatment: the ultrasonic frequency is 30 kHz and the ultrasonic power is 600 W;

[0058] By mass percentage, the chemical composition of the magnesium alloy is: Al: 2.228 wt.%; Zn: 0.45 wt.%; Sn: 0.1 wt.%; Ca: 0.1 wt.%; Mn: 0.3 wt.%; Sm: 0.11 wt.%; Y: 0.1 wt.%; Sc: 0.08 wt.%; the balance is Mg;

[0059] The homogenization treatment: hold at 320 °C for 2 h and then hold at 420 °C for 6 h;

[0060] Step 2: The magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles obtained in Step 1 is subjected to hot extrusion to obtain a magnesium alloy rod reinforced with nanoparticles, and then it is drawn, annealed, and surface-treated at room temperature to obtain a magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles;

[0061] The said hot extrusion treatment: The extrusion temperature is 400 °C, the extrusion ratio is 15:1, and the extrusion rate is 5 m / min;

[0062] The said drawing treatment: It is drawn 5 times at room temperature, and the diameter reduction rate for each drawing is 15%;

[0063] The said annealing treatment: The annealing temperature is 225 °C, and the annealing time is 60 min;

[0064] The said surface treatment: It includes mechanical scraping, surface cleaning, and passivation treatment;

[0065] Step 3: The high-plasticity magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles obtained in Step 2 is subjected to single-pass thirty-three-layer TIG arc additive manufacturing under argon protection to obtain a high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy 2 containing nanoparticles;

[0066] The said TIG is non-consumable gas tungsten arc welding;

[0067] The said TIG arc additive manufacturing: The wire feeding speed is 240 m / min, the argon gas flow rate is 20 L / min, the deposition current is 110 A, the additive manufacturing speed is 3 mm / s, and the AC frequency is 150 Hz.

[0068] The high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy 2 containing nanoparticles prepared in this embodiment contains uniformly dispersed nanoparticles. The horizontal direction stress-strain tensile curve diagram measured by the room temperature unidirectional tensile test is as Figure 3 shown. Its yield strength is 153 MPa, the tensile strength is 248 MPa, and the elongation is 24.6%; The vertical direction stress-strain tensile curve diagram is as Figure 4 shown. Its yield strength is 149 MPa, the tensile strength is 251 MPa, and the elongation is 23.8%. From the above data, it can be known that the high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy 2 containing nanoparticles prepared in this embodiment has very close mechanical properties in the horizontal and vertical directions, indicating that the anisotropy existing in the additive manufacturing process in the prior art overcome in this embodiment, and the strength and plasticity are improved synchronously; In addition, the alloy addition content in this embodiment ≤ 4 wt.%, reducing the raw material production cost, which is helpful for industrial production.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] Tu et al. (Tu Yuxuan, Zheng Dongdong, Wang Junkai, et al. Research on Mechanical Properties of Arc Additive Manufactured Mg-5Gd-2Y-0.4Zr Alloy under Direct Aging Treatment [J]. Metal Working (Hot Working), 2024, (07): 1-5.) prepared a magnesium rare earth alloy by arc additive manufacturing. The composition of the magnesium alloy is as follows: Gd: 5 wt.%, Y: 1.5 wt.%, Zr: 0.4 wt.%, and the balance is Mg. The process parameters are: deposition current is 156 A, wire feeding speed is 13 m / min. The best mechanical properties of the obtained components are yield strength of 131 MPa, tensile strength of 240 MPa, and elongation of 11.1%.

[0071] By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Examples 2-3, it can be obtained that the total alloy content of the present invention is ≤ 4 wt.%, while the total alloy content of Comparative Example 1 is 6.9 wt.%, which is higher than the total alloy content of the present invention. In addition, a large amount of rare earth elements Gd: 5 wt.% and Y: 1.5 wt.% are added to the magnesium alloy in Comparative Example 1. In the case where the present invention does not use the precious rare earth element Gd, and the content of Y element used in the present invention is only 0.1 wt.%, which is much less than the content of Y element 1.5 wt.% in the comparative example. In addition, 0.4 wt.% of Zr element added in Comparative Example 1 is not added in the present invention. And the number of additive manufacturing layers in Comparative Example 1 is less than 30 layers of the present invention. In summary, the present invention realizes the improvement of mechanical properties at a cost much lower than that of Comparative Example 1, and the elongation is greatly improved. Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 2, the yield strength in the horizontal direction is increased by 14.5%, the tensile strength is increased by 1%, and the elongation is increased by 105%. In the vertical direction, the yield strength is increased by 19.8%, the tensile strength is increased by 1%, and the elongation is increased by 106%. Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 3, the yield strength in the horizontal direction is increased by 16.8%, the tensile strength is increased by 4.5%, and the elongation is increased by 122%. In the vertical direction, the yield strength is increased by 13.7%, the tensile strength is increased by 3.3%, and the elongation is increased by 114%. This shows that the magnesium alloy obtained by the present invention has significantly better mechanical properties in both horizontal and vertical directions than the magnesium alloy obtained in Comparative Example 1 under the condition that the cost is lower than that of Comparative Example 1. In addition, compared with the comparative example, when the present invention uses the same or more layers, it can still simultaneously improve the strength and plasticity of the alloy while reducing the cost or simplifying the process.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] Zhang et al. (Zhang Chong, Sha Guiying, Dong Gengyi, et al. Influence of Rolling on the Microstructure and Properties of Mg-3Al-1.5Sc Magnesium Alloy [J]. Hot Working Technology, 2021, 50(17): 84-86. DOI: 10.14158 / j.cnki.1001-3814.20193195.) prepared Mg-Al-Sc alloy by melting casting, homogenization annealing, surface treatment and multi-pass rolling. The composition of the magnesium alloy was: Al: 3 wt.%, Sc: 1.5 wt.%, and the balance was Mg. After three passes of rolling the specimens using a two-high cold rolling mill, the deformation of the sheet reached 20%. The best mechanical properties of the obtained components were a yield strength of 113.5 MPa, a tensile strength of 190.9 MPa, and an elongation of 7.6%.

[0074] By comparing Comparative Example 2 with Examples 2-3, it can be concluded that the total alloy content of the present invention is ≤ 4 wt.%, while the total alloy content of Comparative Example 2 is 4.5 wt.%, which is higher than the total alloy content of the present invention; in addition, a large amount of rare earth element Sc: 1.5 wt.% is added to the magnesium alloy in Comparative Example 2, while only a trace amount of rare earth elements with a total content of 0.18 wt.% is added to the magnesium alloy of the present invention; and the content of Sc element used in the present invention is only 0.08 wt.%, which is much smaller than the Sc element content of 1.5 wt.% in the comparative example; in addition, the additive manufacturing process used in the present invention is also different from the three-pass rolling of Comparative Example 2. In summary, the present invention realizes the improvement of mechanical properties at a cost much lower than that of Comparative Example 2, and the elongation is greatly improved. Compared with Comparative Example 2, in this example, the yield strength is increased by 32.2%, the tensile strength is increased by 25.7%, and the elongation is increased by 200% in the horizontal direction. In this example, the yield strength is increased by 38.3%, the tensile strength is increased by 26.7%, and the elongation is increased by 201% in the vertical direction. Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 3, the yield strength is increased by 34.8%, the tensile strength is increased by 29.8%, and the elongation is increased by 224% in the horizontal direction. In this example, the yield strength is increased by 31.3%, the tensile strength is increased by 31.4%, and the elongation is increased by 213% in the vertical direction. This shows that the magnesium alloy obtained by the present invention has significantly better mechanical properties in both the horizontal and vertical directions than the magnesium alloy obtained in Comparative Example 2 under the condition that the cost is lower than that of Comparative Example 2.

[0075] Table 1 Comparison of mechanical properties in comparative examples and each example

[0076]

[0077] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention simultaneously improves the strength and plasticity of magnesium alloys while reducing the alloy addition amount, simplifying the process, and reducing the cost. The obtained high-strength and high-plasticity arc additive manufacturing nano-particle reinforced magnesium alloy has a yield strength ≥ 149 MPa, a tensile strength ≥ 241 MPa, and an elongation ≥ 22.8%, all of which are significantly improved compared with the prior art and are suitable for industrial production. At the same time, the present invention also overcomes the anisotropy of the alloy during the additive manufacturing process and simultaneously improves the strength and plasticity of the alloy, which is of great significance for the wide application of magnesium alloys in the fields of automobiles, aerospace, etc.

[0078] In addition, the component ratios and process parameters adopted in each embodiment of the present invention are different, and the effects obtained in each embodiment are also different. This shows that the best effects obtained by the present invention are achieved through the synergistic regulation of component interactions, ratios, processes, and process parameters, and only within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention can the best technical effects be achieved.

Claims

1. High strength plastic arc additive manufacturing containing nanoparticles reinforced magnesium alloy, characterized in that: Its preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1, at room temperature, according to the mass percentage of Ti: 30-60%, Nb: 10-40%, B4C: 2-50%, BN: 2-50%, Ti powder, Nb powder, B4C powder and BN powder are put into a ball mill at a speed of 50-80 rpm and mixed for 6-8 hours to obtain mixed powder 1; Step 2, respectively mixing the mixed powder 1 obtained in step 1 with pure aluminum powder according to the mass percentage: mixed powder 1: 85-90%, pure aluminum powder: 5-12%, mixed powder 1: 67-77%, pure aluminum powder: 24-36%, mixed powder 1: 40-50%, pure aluminum powder: 40-50%, in a ball mill at a speed of 40-60 rpm for 4-6 hours to obtain mixed powder 2, mixed powder 3 and mixed powder 4; Step 3, according to the mass percentage: mixed powder 2: 5-20%, mixed powder 3: 5-20%, mixed powder 4: 10%-90%, the mixed powder 2, mixed powder 3, and mixed powder 4 in step 2 are placed layer by layer in the order of top, middle, and bottom in the aluminum thin tube, and the aluminum thin tube is sealed by a packaging machine to finally prepare a multi-component powder mixed aluminum cylinder; Step 4, under the protection of a mixed gas of CO2 and SF6 with a volume ratio of 99:1, the magnesium alloy is heated to 700-800°C and kept warm for 60-90 minutes to obtain a magnesium alloy melt, and then the aluminum cylinder obtained in step 3 is gradually inserted into the magnesium alloy melt and mechanically stirred for 3-5 minutes, and then ultrasonically treated for 3-5 minutes and cast into a cast magnesium alloy ingot, and then the cast magnesium alloy ingot is water-cooled for 10-20 minutes, and then homogenized to obtain a magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles; The chemical composition of the magnesium alloy described in step 4 is: Al: 2.0-3.0wt.%; Zn: 0.40-0.50wt.%; Sn: 0.05-0.15wt.%; Ca: 0.05-0.15wt.%; Mn: 0.2-0.4wt.%; Sm: 0.1-0.2wt.%; Y: 0.05-0.15wt.%; Sc: 0.05-0.10wt.%; the balance is Mg; The mass proportion of the aluminum column in the magnesium alloy melt is 0.5-2.0wt.%; The mechanical stirring: the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm; The ultrasonic treatment: ultrasonic frequency 20-40kHz, ultrasonic power 500-1000W; The homogenization treatment is carried out at 300-500°C for 2-3 hours and at 400-600°C for 5-7 hours; Step 5, hot extruding the magnesium alloy ingot containing nanoparticles obtained in step 4 to obtain a magnesium alloy rod reinforced with nanoparticles, and then drawing, annealing and surface treating the ingot at room temperature to obtain a magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles; The hot extrusion treatment: the extrusion temperature is 300-500°C, the extrusion ratio is 15-20:1, and the extrusion rate is 5-6m / min; The drawing forming is as follows: drawing 5-10 times at room temperature, with a diameter reduction rate of 10-15% each time; The annealing treatment: the annealing temperature is 200-250°C, and the annealing time is 60-90min; The surface treatment includes mechanical scraping, surface cleaning and passivation treatment; Step 6, subjecting the high-plasticity magnesium alloy wire reinforced with nanoparticles obtained in step 5 to single-pass thirty-thirty-five-layer TIG arc additive manufacturing under argon protection to obtain a high-strength plastic arc additive manufacturing magnesium alloy reinforced with nanoparticles; The TIG is a non-melting inert gas shielded arc welding; The TIG arc additive manufacturing described has: wire feeding speed of 200-300 m / min, shielding gas flow rate of 10-50 L / min, deposition current of 70-200 A, additive speed of 2-10 mm / s, and AC frequency of 120-220 Hz.

2. A high strength plastic arc additive manufacturing containing nanoparticles reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the Ti powder in step 1 is 10-50 μm, the particle size of the B4C powder is 5-40 μm, the particle size of the Nb powder is 10-100 μm, and the particle size of the BN powder is 200-700 nm.

3. The high-strength plastic arc additive manufacturing containing nanoparticles reinforced magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy powder described in step 2 has a particle size of 10-100 μm.

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