Wear-resistant ceramic glaze and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic glaze, in particular to wear-resistant ceramic glaze and a preparation method thereof.The wear-resistant ceramic glaze is prepared from potassium feldspar, albite, silica stone, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, modified zinc oxide, ferric oxide, lead-free high-boron frit, calcined kaolin and Siyuan glaze soil; comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-23 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-23 parts of albite, 17-22 parts of silica stone, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-5 parts of wollastonite, 3-5 parts of modified zinc oxide, 2-3 parts of ferric oxide, 6-7 parts of lead-free high-boron frit, 4-6 parts of calcined kaolin and 12-14 parts of Siyuan glaze soil. In order to do crystal glaze research, starting from the aspects of firing method selection, cooling speed control, crystal growth temperature and heat preservation time control and the like, the overall effect of the crystal glaze can be improved to the maximum extent, high-quality crystal powder green glaze is generated, and the aesthetic feeling and wear resistance of the ceramic are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic glazes, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant ceramic glaze and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic glaze is a material used in the process of making ceramics, which is used to coat the surface of ceramics to provide protection and / or enhance the decorative effect, and can endow the ceramic surface with smooth, firm, wear-resistant, chemically resistant and beautiful properties. Ceramic glazes are usually composed of some basic components, such as quartz, feldspar, clay, and some oxides, such as iron oxide, cobalt oxide, etc., which are used to give ceramics different colors and textures. In the process of making ceramics, applying glaze is usually the last step, and a smooth coating can be formed on the ceramic surface after high-temperature sintering. Ceramic glazes are widely used in the production of ceramic ware, tiles, ceramic sculptures and art ceramics, etc.

[0003] Currently, in this field, ceramic products are usually glazed to improve the wear resistance of the ceramic products through the formation of the glaze surface. The present invention will provide a ceramic glaze, which can obtain a glaze layer with excellent wear resistance and pollution resistance under the conditions of simplifying the raw material formula and reducing the cost, expand the application range of the glaze, and optimize the use effect of ceramic products. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to the problems raised in the background art, the present invention provides a wear-resistant ceramic glaze and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems, and the following is a further elaboration of the present invention.

[0005] A wear-resistant ceramic glaze, comprising the following raw materials: potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, silica, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, modified zinc oxide, iron oxide, lead-free high-boron frit, calcined kaolin and Siyuan glaze soil.

[0006] Preferably, it is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-23 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-23 parts of sodium feldspar, 17-22 parts of silica, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-5 parts of wollastonite, 3-5 parts of modified zinc oxide, 2-3 parts of iron oxide, 6-7 parts of lead-free high-boron frit, 4-6 parts of calcined kaolin and 12-14 parts of Siyuan glaze soil.

[0007] A preparation method of a wear-resistant ceramic glaze, comprising the following steps: S1. Wet-mix the above raw materials in parts by weight to obtain a mixed material;

[0008] S2. Then press the mixed material into a shape and calcine it;

[0009] S3. Crush the calcined mixed material and perform the first sieving;

[0010] S4. Add water for ball milling;

[0011] S5. Conduct the second iron removal and sieving to obtain the wear-resistant ceramic glaze.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature-raising method for calcination is as follows: Open the kiln door, the fire outlet and the damper, then ignite and raise the temperature. The temperature is raised by 100 degrees every half hour on average, and then raised to 850 degrees. Keep the temperature at 850 degrees for 2 hours, and then raise it to 1250 degrees Celsius at a rate of 30 degrees per hour, and keep the temperature for half an hour, and then extinguish the fire.

[0013] Preferably, after 12 hours from the start of temperature rise, the temperature is raised from 1200 degrees Celsius to 1230 degrees Celsius and burned for one hour.

[0014] Preferably, during the firing process of the crystalline glaze, the maximum temperature shall not exceed 1100 degrees Celsius.

[0015] Preferably, the heat preservation time is controlled within 10 minutes.

[0016] Preferably, during the process of generating the crystalline powder blue glaze, other substances can be added according to actual needs. For example, if it is necessary to increase the crystal size, the iron content can be appropriately increased, and the iron content is controlled at 0.13 g.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, in the process of producing the crystalline powder blue glaze of the present invention, it is greatly affected by formulation and firing. To do well in the research of crystalline glaze, it should start from aspects such as the selection of firing method, the control of cooling rate, the control of crystal growth temperature and heat preservation time, etc. Only by doing these works well can the overall effect of the crystalline glaze be improved to the greatest extent, generate high-quality crystalline powder blue glaze, and improve the aesthetic feeling and wear resistance of the ceramics. Specific embodiments

[0018] Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be elaborated in detail.

[0019] A wear-resistant ceramic glaze and its preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Weigh 18-23 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-23 parts of sodium feldspar, 17-22 parts of silica, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-5 parts of wollastonite, 3-5 parts of modified zinc oxide, 2-3 parts of iron oxide, 6-7 parts of lead-free high-boron frit, 4-6 parts of calcined kaolin and 12-14 parts of Siyuan glaze soil by weight, and conduct wet mixing to obtain a mixed material;

[0021] S2. Then press the mixed material into a shape and conduct calcination;

[0022] S3. Crush the calcined mixed material, conduct the first sieving, add water for ball milling, conduct the second iron removal and sieving to obtain the wear-resistant ceramic glaze.

[0023] 1. Firing method

[0024] For the firing of powder blue glaze, not all firing regimes are suitable for the formation of crystals in the powder blue glaze. The firing regime has a great influence on the powder blue glaze with crystals. The firing methods mainly used in the process of firing powder blue glaze are divided into two steps: the heating method and the cooling method. Among them, the heating is basically the same. The heating method of most medium-temperature glazes is: open the kiln door, fire holes and damper, then ignite and heat up. The temperature is increased by 100 degrees every half hour on average, and then raised to 850 degrees. Keep the temperature at 850 degrees for 2 hours, then raise it to 1250 degrees Celsius at a rate of 30 degrees per hour, and keep the temperature for half an hour, and then extinguish the fire. Among them, from the start of ignition and heating to 12 hours, the time of each stage needs to be judged by oneself, neither too long nor too short. If the glaze is relatively fluid and transparent, then each stage does not need to keep the temperature for too long. For example, if you want to keep the glaze at 1200 degrees Celsius for one hour, you can heat it from 1200 degrees Celsius to 1230 degrees Celsius for one hour. In this way, the firing of the powder blue glaze can be successfully completed, and high-quality crystalline powder blue glaze can be obtained.

[0025] As for the cooling method, it is divided into rapid cooling and slow cooling. Glazes with strong luster need rapid cooling to ensure the luster, while matte glazes and glazes with crystals need slow cooling instead. Sometimes, even temperature reduction and heat preservation are required to ensure the expressiveness of the glaze. Through research, it is found that there is a functional relationship between the nucleation rate and the crystal growth rate. Some crystalline powder blue glazes reach the maximum at a lower temperature during the nucleation stage, while the crystal growth rate reaches the maximum at a higher temperature.

[0026] During the firing process of crystalline powder blue glaze, processes such as crystal production and melting need to be experienced. To obtain high-quality crystalline powder blue glaze, it is necessary to strengthen the control of the formation of crystal nuclei and their growth temperature, and do a good job in long-term heat preservation.

[0027] For crystalline powder blue glaze, due to different chemical compositions, there will also be differences in the glaze melting temperature and crystal nuclei. To ensure the formation effect of crystalline powder blue glaze and improve the crystallization quality, during the firing process of crystalline powder blue glaze, fast firing and slow cooling should be the main methods. During fast firing, the safety of the green body should be improved, and the control of the heating rate should be increased as much as possible. As long as the permeability of the glaze is ensured to be good, generally speaking, the shorter the high-temperature heat preservation time, the better the influence on the formation effect of crystalline powder blue glaze. Therefore, the outflow of the glaze should be controlled, and the melting of the crystallization agent should be prevented. During slow cooling, slow cooling should be done well, so that the highest quality crystal form can be obtained.

[0028] 2. Cooling Rate

[0029] Through long-term practical work, it is known that when the temperature reaches 1100 degrees Celsius, the endothermic peak of the glaze reaches its maximum. Therefore, during the firing of crystalline glaze, the maximum temperature should not exceed 1100 degrees Celsius. At the same time, it is found in the research that a new exothermic peak can also appear when the temperature is between 850 degrees Celsius and 1050 degrees Celsius. Therefore, during the firing of crystalline powder blue glaze, the temperature should be well controlled to cooperate with the maximum temperature. If the temperature is relatively high during the firing of crystalline powder blue glaze, the holding time can be appropriately shortened; if the temperature is relatively low, the holding time needs to be appropriately extended. Only in this way can the appearance of pinholes or bubbles in the glaze surface be effectively avoided. During the cooling of crystalline powder blue glaze, the control of the cooling rate should be strengthened. If the cooling rate is too fast, the content of the glass phase contained in the glaze layer will also increase, and the situation of poor bonding between the body and the glaze will occur, resulting in cracks, etc. Only when the cooling rate is reasonable can the growth of crystalline powder blue glaze be ensured to be reasonable and high-quality crystalline powder blue glaze be formed. Generally speaking, the temperature should be controlled within about 10 minutes from cooling to crystal growth.

[0030] 3. Crystal Growth Temperature and Holding Time

[0031] The growth rate will be greatly increased, resulting in a shortened crystallization time. For the formation of crystalline powder blue glaze, as the temperature continuously rises, the viscosity of the glaze melt will continuously decrease, driving the improvement of the fluidity of the glaze melt. Therefore, the control of the growth temperature should be strengthened during this process.

[0032] To further understand the relationship between crystal growth temperature and holding time, attention should also be paid to the crystal flower radius. Through research, it is found that the crystal growth rate is greatly affected by the growth temperature. When the temperature is relatively low, after the temperature rises, the crystal production rate will increase significantly. If the temperature is relatively high and then relatively low, the crystal growth rate will gradually decrease. Thus, the influence of temperature on the crystal growth rate will present two influencing mechanisms and affect the growth of crystals. Generally speaking, when the holding time is longer than 20 minutes, the crystal growth rate will show a slow trend, and the crystal flower radius will continuously increase; when the holding time is between 10 - 20 minutes, the crystal radius will continuously increase, and the efficiency is also in a relatively high state. To obtain high-quality crystalline glaze and improve the aesthetics and decoration of ceramics, it is best to control the holding time at about 10 minutes.

[0033] In addition, to obtain high-quality crystalline powder blue glaze, if the firing temperature remains unchanged, it is necessary to appropriately increase the zinc oxide content in the glaze, etc., and control the silica content well, which can also change the chromaticity of the glaze. In the actual process of producing crystalline powder blue glaze, other substances can be added according to actual needs. For example, if it is necessary to increase the crystal size, the iron content can be appropriately increased and controlled at about 0.13. With its application, the color of the crystalline powder blue glaze can be adjusted and it can play a certain decorative effect, but it is necessary to avoid exceeding the iron content standard. Once the iron content exceeds 0.25, the finally obtained glaze surface will turn black, etc. Therefore, more attention should be paid to these problems. Only in this way can the overall quality of the crystalline powder blue glaze be effectively improved.

[0034] Through the above research, it is known that in the process of producing crystalline powder blue glaze, it is greatly affected by formulation and firing. To conduct good research on crystalline glaze, it should start from aspects such as the selection of firing methods, the control of cooling rate, the control of crystal growth temperature and holding time, etc. Only by doing these works well can the overall effect of the crystalline glaze be improved to the greatest extent, produce high-quality crystalline powder blue glaze, and enhance the aesthetic feeling of ceramics.

[0035] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant ceramic glaze, characterized in that: Including the following ingredients: Potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, silica, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, modified zinc oxide, iron oxide, lead-free high-boron frit, calcined kaolin and Siyuan glaze clay.

2. The wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-23 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-23 parts of sodium feldspar, 17-22 parts of silica, 8-12 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-5 parts of wollastonite, 3-5 parts of modified zinc oxide, 2-3 parts of iron oxide, 6-7 parts of lead-free high-boron frit, 4-6 parts of calcined kaolin and 12-14 parts of Siyuan glaze clay.

3. The method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 2, comprising the following steps: S1, wet mixing the above-mentioned raw materials by weight to obtain a mixed material; S2, pressing the mixed material into a shape and calcining it; S3, crushing the calcined mixed material and performing the first screening; S4, adding water for ball milling; S5, performing a second iron removal and screening to obtain a wear-resistant ceramic glaze.

4. The method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for raising the calcination temperature is: open the kiln door, ignite the fire hole and the gate to raise the temperature, increase the temperature by 100 degrees every half an hour on average, then increase to 850 degrees, keep warm at 850 degrees for 2 hours, then increase to 1250 degrees Celsius at 30 degrees per hour, keep warm for half an hour, and then turn off the fire.

5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 4, characterized in that: After 12 hours of heating, the temperature increases from 1200 degrees Celsius to 1230 degrees Celsius for one hour.

6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the firing process of crystalline glaze, the maximum temperature cannot exceed 1100 degrees Celsius.

7. The method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat preservation time is controlled within 10 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a wear-resistant ceramic glaze according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the process of generating crystalline powder green glaze, other substances can be added according to actual needs. For example, if the crystal size needs to be increased, the iron content can be appropriately increased and the iron content can be controlled at 0.13g.