DNTF melt-cast explosive with energetic binder for inhibiting hot ignition growth rate and preparation method of DNTF melt-cast explosive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of explosives, in particular to a DNTF (dinitrofurazan furazan) melt-cast explosive with an energetic binder for inhibiting the increase rate of hot ignition and a preparation method, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, heating and melting 3, 4-dinitrofurazan furazan (DNTF) powder to obtain molten DNTF; s2, adding an energetic binder into the molten DNTF, and uniformly stirring to obtain a molten mixed solution; s3, pouring the molten-state mixed solution into a mold, and putting the mold into a constant-temperature box for cooling, so as to obtain the DNTF melt-cast explosive with the energetic binder for inhibiting the hot ignition growth rate; the problem that the energy of a whole casting explosive system is reduced due to the fact that a traditional inert material is introduced into an existing DNTF casting explosive to serve as an inhibitor to reduce the thermal sensitivity is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of explosives, in particular to a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous progress of technology and the increasing complexity of the application environment, the demand for high-performance materials is also growing. Traditional melt-cast explosives with trinitrotoluene (TNT) as a carrier have many disadvantages, such as cracks, oil seepage, unsatisfactory mechanical properties, low overall energy, poor charging processability, etc. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the research and development of a new generation of melt-cast carrier explosives to replace TNT. 3,4-Dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF), as a third-generation high-energy material, has the advantages of low melting point of only 110°C due to its unique molecular structure, integrating furazan, furazan oxide and nitro groups; and it also has a high density, with a theoretical value of 1.937 g / cm³; in addition, DNTF also exhibits high energy characteristics, with a detonation velocity of up to 9250m / s and an explosion heat of 5798 J / g. These characteristics make DNTF show a wide range of application potential in many fields, especially in situations where high energy output is required. If it can replace TNT as a new type of melt-cast carrier explosive, it will greatly improve the explosion energy and explosive power of melt-cast mixed explosives. However, DNTF has a high thermal sensitivity, which means that it is easy to form hot spots when heated, and its fast thermal ignition growth rate will cause these hot spots to spread rapidly, making it easy for DNTF to quickly change from a combustion state to a detonation state. This makes the thermal safety of DNTF-based mixed explosives a bottleneck restricting its formulation design and application, and is a key issue that needs to be solved in the application of DNTF in insensitive ammunition. At present, although the thermal sensitivity can be reduced by introducing traditional inert materials as inhibitors into molten-cast explosives, this approach also reduces the energy of the entire molten-cast explosive system, which not only limits the application of DNTF in high-energy demand scenarios, but also affects the optimization of overall performance.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing DNTF melt-cast explosive reduces the thermal sensitivity by introducing traditional inert materials as inhibitors, resulting in reduced energy of the entire melt-cast explosive system, the present invention provides a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to suppress the growth rate of thermal ignition, the DNTF melt-cast explosive comprising the following components: 80% to 99% 3,4-dinitrofuroxanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder; 1% to 20% energetic binder; the percentages are by mass.

[0006] A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition, the method is used to prepare the DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition according to the present invention, comprising the following steps: S1: heating and melting 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder to obtain molten DNTF; S2: adding the energetic binder into the molten DNTF and stirring evenly to obtain a molten mixed liquid; S3: pouring the molten mixed liquid into a mold, placing it in a constant temperature box for cooling, and obtaining a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1: the 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder is heated to 110-120°C.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S1: the 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder is heated and melted in an oil bath.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S2: the energetic binder is one or more of glycidyl azide (GAP), glycidyl azide-based energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE), and nitrocellulose (NC).

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3: before pouring the molten mixed liquid into the mold, the molten mixed liquid is continuously stirred and kept warm for 30 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3: the mold is preheated to 60°C to 90°C, and the temperature of the thermostatic box is 60°C to 80°C.

[0012] Furthermore, the molecular weight of the glycidyl azide poly (GAP) is 3600 Da.

[0013] Furthermore, the molecular weight of the glycidyl azide based energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) is 20,000 Da.

[0014] Furthermore, the nitrogen content of the nitrocellulose (NC) is 12.5%.

[0015] The present invention uses DNTF as a raw material, adds an energetic binder as an inhibitor, and adopts a melt-cast explosive preparation process to prepare a new type of DNTF melt-cast explosive. The preparation process is simple and the conditions are mild. It not only reduces the thermal sensitivity and thermal ignition growth rate of the DNTF explosive, but also improves the safety performance of the DNTF explosive. Moreover, since the energetic binder used has energetic groups, it can effectively reduce the energy loss of the DNTF melt-cast explosive. In addition, the DNTF melt-cast explosive prepared by the present invention has moderate viscosity and good mechanical properties, which is convenient for adding other components, and is beneficial to optimizing the production process conditions of the melt-cast explosive and ensuring safe production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow diagram of a method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder for inhibiting the thermal ignition growth rate.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the combustion-detonation-transition (DDT) experimental system of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a before and after comparison diagram of a combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiment using a single-substance DNTF explosive in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a before and after comparison diagram of the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiment of the DNTF cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a before and after comparison diagram of the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiment of the DNTF cast explosive GAP-ETPE15 / DNTF85 prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a before and after comparison diagram of the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiment of the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a before and after comparison diagram of the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiment of the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP20 / DNTF80 prepared in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a before and after comparison diagram of the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiment of the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF25 / HMX70 prepared in Example 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The names and abbreviations of the experimental methods, production processes, instruments and equipment involved in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional names in the field and are very clear and unambiguous in the relevant application fields. Technicians in the field can understand the conventional process steps and apply the corresponding equipment according to the names and implement them according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0026] The various raw materials or reagents used in the examples of the present invention are not particularly limited in their sources, and are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially, or can be prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] A DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to suppress the growth rate of thermal ignition, the DNTF melt-cast explosive comprising the following components: 80% to 99% 3,4-dinitrofuroxanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder; 1% to 20% energetic binder; the percentages are by mass.

[0028] Figure 1 The schematic diagram is a process flow diagram of the method for preparing the DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition in the present invention. The following embodiments are all prepared according to this process flow diagram of the DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition. Example 1

[0029] A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition comprises the following steps: S1: Weigh 9.5 g of 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder, put it into a beaker and heat it to 115°C in an oil bath to melt it into a molten state, thereby obtaining molten DNTF; S2: Weigh 0.5 g of polyazide glycidyl ether energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) with a molecular weight of 20,000 Da into a beaker, continue stirring and slowly add it into the molten DNTF to obtain a molten mixed solution; S3: When GAP-ETPE is completely melted and the molten mixture is uniform in color and free of bubbles, the molten mixture is continuously stirred and kept warm for 30 min. The molten mixture is poured into a mold preheated to 80°C and placed in a constant temperature box at 70°C for slow cooling to obtain DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF95 containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition. Example 2

[0030] A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition comprises the following steps: S1: Weigh 8.5 g of 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder, put it into a beaker and heat it to 115°C in an oil bath to melt it into a molten state, thereby obtaining molten DNTF; S2: Weigh 1.5 g of polyazide glycidyl ether energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) with a molecular weight of 20,000 Da into a beaker, continue stirring and slowly add it into the molten DNTF to obtain a molten mixed solution; S3: When GAP-ETPE is completely melted and the molten mixture is uniform in color and free of bubbles, the molten mixture is continuously stirred and kept warm for 30 min. The molten mixture is poured into a mold preheated to 80°C and placed in a constant temperature box at 70°C for slow cooling to obtain DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE15 / DNTF85 containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition. Example 3

[0031] A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition comprises the following steps: S1: Weigh 9.5 g of 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder, put it into a beaker and heat it to 115°C in an oil bath to melt it into a molten state, thereby obtaining molten DNTF; S2: Weigh 0.5 g of polyazide glycidyl ether (GAP) with a molecular weight of 3600 Da into a beaker, continue stirring and slowly add it into the molten DNTF to obtain a molten mixed solution; S3: When the molten mixed liquid has a uniform color and no bubbles, the molten mixed liquid is continuously stirred and kept warm for 30 min, poured into a mold preheated to 80°C, and placed in a constant temperature box at 70°C for slow cooling to obtain DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP5 / DNTF95 containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition. Example 4

[0032] A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition comprises the following steps: S1: Weigh 8 g of 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder, put it into a beaker and heat it to 115°C in an oil bath to melt it into a molten state, thereby obtaining molten DNTF; S2: Weigh 2 g of polyazide glycidyl ether (GAP) with a molecular weight of 3600 Da into a beaker, continue stirring and slowly add it into the molten DNTF to obtain a molten mixed solution; S3: When the molten mixed liquid has a uniform color and no bubbles, the molten mixed liquid is continuously stirred and kept warm for 30 min, poured into a mold preheated to 80°C, and placed in a constant temperature box at 70°C for slow cooling to obtain DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP20 / DNTF80 containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition. Example 5

[0033] A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition comprises the following steps: S1: Weigh 2.5 g of 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder, put it into a beaker and heat it to 115°C in an oil bath to melt it into a molten state, thereby obtaining molten DNTF; S2: Weigh 0.5 g of polyazide glycidyl ether energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) with a molecular weight of 20,000 Da into a beaker, continue stirring and slowly add it into the molten DNTF to obtain a molten mixed solution; S3: When GAP-ETPE is completely melted and the molten mixed liquid is uniform in color and free of bubbles, weigh 0.7 g of HMX powder and add it in batches. After continuous stirring and keeping warm for 30 min, pour it into a mold preheated to 80°C, and then put it into a constant temperature box at 70°C for slow cooling to obtain DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF25 / HMX70 with an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition.

[0034] Construct a combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experimental system and carry out combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experiments.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) experimental system includes an upper end cover 1, a DDT tube 2, a lower end cover 3, an ignition head 4, an ignition powder 5, and a measured powder column 6; the upper end cover 1 and the lower end cover 3 are respectively installed at both ends of the DDT tube 2, the measured powder column 6 is arranged in the inner cavity of the DDT tube 2, the ignition powder 5 is arranged between the measured powder column 6 and the upper end cover 1, and the ignition head 4 is penetrated on the upper end cover 1; the DDT tube 2 is made of 45# steel, and the inner diameter of the DDT tube 2 is 10 mm, the outer diameter is 14 mm, and the length is 120 mm; the ignition powder 5 is made of BaO with a mass ratio of 6:4 2 and Mg, and the total amount of ignition powder 5 is 1 g.

[0036] The tested explosive column 6 is experimented with the single DNTF explosive made of 10g 3,4-dinitrofuroxanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder, the DNTF cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 1, the DNTF cast explosive GAP-ETPE15 / DNTF85 prepared in Example 2, the DNTF cast explosive GAP5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 3, the DNTF cast explosive GAP20 / DNTF80 prepared in Example 4, and the DNTF cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF25 / HMX70 prepared in Example 5, in total six groups of experiments, each group of which ignites the ignition charge 5 and ignites the tested explosive column 6 through the ignition head 4, and the combustion-to-detonation (DDT) characteristics of the tested explosive column 6 are studied by observing the reaction conditions of the six groups of tested explosive columns 6 and the damage conditions of the corresponding DDT tubes 2.

[0037] By observing and comparing the six groups of experimental results, we can see that: When the tested explosive column 6 is a single-substance DNTF explosive, Figure 3 As shown, the corresponding DDT tube 2 has the greatest degree of fragmentation, produces the most fragments, and the DDT tube 2 has undergone shear failure.

[0038] When the tested explosive column 6 is the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 1, Figure 4 As shown, the fragments produced by the corresponding DDT tube 2 are not much different from those of the single-element DNTF explosive, indicating that the inhibitory effect of 5% by mass of GAP-ETPE on the combustion-to-detonation transition of DNTF is not obvious.

[0039] When the tested explosive column 6 is the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE15 / DNTF85 prepared in Example 2, Figure 5 As shown, the corresponding DDT tube 2 was not broken, but ablation marks were seen on the DDT tube 2, indicating that the tested charge 6 only burned, and there was no combustion-to-detonation transition. By comparing with the single-element DNTF explosive and the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 1, it can be seen that GAP-ETPE has a certain inhibitory effect on the DNTF combustion-to-detonation transition, and when the content of GAP-ETPE increases from 5% to 15%, the reaction intensity of the tested charge 6 under the thermal stimulation of the ignition charge 5 changes from detonation to combustion.

[0040] When the tested explosive column 6 is the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP5 / DNTF95 prepared in Example 3, Figure 6 As shown, the corresponding DDT tube 2 is broken, and part of it is in the shape of long strips.

[0041] When the tested explosive column 6 is the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP20 / DNTF80 prepared in Example 4, Figure 7 As shown, the corresponding DDT tube 2 was broken, and the generated fragments were larger than the fragments of the DDT tube 2 corresponding to the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP5 / DNTF95 prepared by Example 3, and most of them were more complete long strips, indicating that the DDT tube 2 underwent tensile failure. By comparing with the single-element DNTF explosive and the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP5 / DNTF95 prepared by Example 3, it can be seen that GAP has a certain inhibitory effect on the DNTF combustion to detonation transition, and with the increase of GAP content, the degree of damage of the corresponding DDT tube 2 decreases.

[0042] When the tested explosive column 6 is the DNTF melt-cast explosive GAP-ETPE5 / DNTF25 / HMX70 prepared in Example 5, Figure 8 As shown, the corresponding DDT tube 2 is not broken, and the tested drug column 6 changes from burning to extinguishing.

[0043] The above further describes the purpose and technical solution of the invention in detail. It should be understood that the above embodiments of the present invention do not describe all the details in detail, nor limit the present invention to the above embodiments. Various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to these embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition, characterized in that: The DNTF melt-cast explosive comprises the following components: 80% to 99% of 3,4-dinitrofuroxanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder; 1% to 20% of energetic binder; the percentages are by mass.

2. A method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition, the method being used to prepare the DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: heating and melting 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder to obtain molten DNTF; S2: adding the energetic binder into the molten DNTF and stirring evenly to obtain a molten mixed liquid; S3: pouring the molten mixed liquid into a mold, placing it in a constant temperature box for cooling, and obtaining a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition.

3. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1: the 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder is heated to 110-120°C.

4. The method for preparing a DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to suppress the thermal ignition growth rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1: the 3,4-dinitrofurazanyl furazan oxide (DNTF) powder is heated and melted in an oil bath.

5. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2: the energetic binder is one or more of glycidyl azide (GAP), glycidyl azide-based energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE), and nitrocellulose (NC).

6. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the growth rate of thermal ignition according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3: before pouring the molten mixed liquid into the mold, the molten mixed liquid is continuously stirred and kept warm for 30 minutes.

7. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the thermal ignition growth rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3: the mold is preheated to 60°C to 90°C, and the temperature of the constant temperature box is 60°C to 80°C.

8. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the thermal ignition growth rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the glycidyl azide poly (GAP) is 3600 Da.

9. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing an energetic binder to inhibit the thermal ignition growth rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the polyazide glycidyl ether-based energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) is 20,000 Da.

10. The method for preparing DNTF melt-cast explosive containing energetic binder to inhibit thermal ignition growth rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nitrogen content of the nitrocellulose (NC) is 12.5%.

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